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Material properties

Tensile strength of common engineering materials, ranked

Poly(p-phenylene-2,6-benzobisoxazole) fibre (Zylon) yarn has an ultimate tensile strength of 5,340 MPa for unworn virgin yarn, per NISTIR 7237 (NIST), the highest tested value in our data. ASTM A36 structural carbon steel has an ultimate tensile strength of 400 to 552 MPa as plate, bars and shapes, per SSAB. Bulk metals peak between 2,124 and 2,900 MPa for the best five entries, all in cold-worked, aged or specially processed products, and 39 of 60 polymers top out under 100 MPa.

Ultimate tensile strength is the highest pulling stress a test bar carries before it breaks. MPa (megapascal) is one newton of force per square millimetre of cross-section. A log scale gives each factor of ten the same width.

Space Mushroom · data checked 1 November 2026 · 363 material profiles · 1,181 tensile records · download the data (CSV)

  • 5,340 MPaPBO yarn in a NIST tensile test, the highest tested fibre value
  • 2,900 MPahighest bulk metal record: Nickel aluminide
  • 706 MPamiddle of the 58 steels and stainless steels (median of bar midpoints)
  • 51.7 MPamiddle of the 63 polymers and elastomers (same measure)

What has the highest tensile strength?

Poly(p-phenylene-2,6-benzobisoxazole) fibre (Zylon) yarn has the highest tested ultimate tensile strength in our data, 5,340 MPa per NISTIR 7237. A fibre or yarn is not a part: the same T700S carbon fibre is 4,900 MPa as a single fibre and 2,550 MPa inside an epoxy composite, per Torayca T700S Carbon Fiber Data Sheet. For bulk metals the highest entries depend on the product condition, listed below.

These are readings of the records in our profiles, not a design code. Jump to: the league · top of the table · common materials · by family · ceramics and glass · data gaps

How do engineering materials rank by tensile strength?

Ranked by ultimate tensile strength in MPa at room temperature or with no temperature stated, Poly(p-phenylene-2,6-benzobisoxazole) fibre (Zylon) yarn leads at 5,340 MPa (NIST). Nickel aluminide is the highest bulk metal at 2,900 MPa, per Applications of Ni3Al Based Intermetallic Alloys. Stainless steel 304 is 515 to 520 MPa per Outokumpu. The board ranks 354 materials; open a row for conditions and sources.

354 materials, ranked by the highest tensile strength printed in their profile. Each bar runs from the lowest to the highest value we hold at room temperature, on a log scale in MPa (1 to 100,000). Open a row to read every record behind it.

Showing 354 of 354 materials

The search, filter and sort controls need JavaScript. The full ranking below is plain HTML, highest first.

Carbon nanotubesComposites and fibres · 7 records · fibre or filament tests · highest is 1,600 times the lowest 50 to 80,000 MPa

7 records in the Carbon nanotubes profile; 6 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Boron nitride nanotubesComposites and fibres · 1 record 14,000 to 38,000 MPa

1 record in the Boron nitride nanotubes profile; 1 sets the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

  • 14,000 to 38,000 MPaprinted 14 to 38 GParange Breaking strength of individual HTP-BNNTs, in-situ SEM tensile test form individual HTP-BNNT tube, tested one tube at a timediameter median 2.5 nm by AFMnote single-tube breaking strength, not a bulk material value Source: Boron Nitride Nanotube (BNNT) and BNNT Composites: Overview
Hexcel HexTow IM7 carbon fibreComposites and fibres · 5 records · fibre or filament tests 4,501 to 6,170 MPa

5 records in the Hexcel HexTow IM7 carbon fibre profile; 5 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Poly(p-phenylene-2,6-benzobisoxazole) fibre (Zylon)Polymers · 4 records · fibre or filament tests 4,780 to 5,800 MPa

4 records in the Poly(p-phenylene-2,6-benzobisoxazole) fibre (Zylon) profile; 3 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Carbon fibre (PAN-based, pitch-based) and carbon/carbonComposites and fibres · 6 records · fibre or filament tests 2,620 to 4,900 MPa

6 records in the Carbon fibre (PAN-based, pitch-based) and carbon/carbon profile; 5 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

AGY S-2 Glass fibre and S-2 glass compositesComposites and fibres · 2 records 4,890 MPa

2 records in the AGY S-2 Glass fibre and S-2 glass composites profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

BoronComposites and fibres · 1 record · fibre or filament tests 4,000 MPa

1 record in the Boron profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

E-glass fibreComposites and fibres · 3 records · fibre or filament tests 2,600 to 3,830 MPa

3 records in the E-glass fibre profile; 3 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Astroquartz II and III (pure silica quartz fabric)Polymers · 2 records 3,600 MPa

2 records in the Astroquartz II and III (pure silica quartz fabric) profile; 1 sets the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Vectran (LCP fibre HT and UM)Polymers · 5 records 2,900 to 3,200 MPa

5 records in the Vectran (LCP fibre HT and UM) profile; 3 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Basalt fibre (continuous)Composites and fibres · 4 records · fibre or filament tests 1,773 to 3,100 MPa

4 records in the Basalt fibre (continuous) profile; 3 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Kevlar para-aramid fibrePolymers · 3 records · fibre or filament tests 2,920 to 3,040 MPa

3 records in the Kevlar para-aramid fibre profile; 3 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Dyneema and Spectra HMPE fibre (ultra-high-strength…Polymers · 1 record 3,000 MPa

1 record in the Dyneema and Spectra HMPE fibre (ultra-high-strength polyethylene fibre) profile; 1 sets the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

MIRALON carbon nanotube yarn and sheetComposites and fibres · 5 records · fibre or filament tests · highest is 13 times the lowest 240 to 3,000 MPa

5 records in the MIRALON carbon nanotube yarn and sheet profile; 5 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Technora (para/meta aramid copolymer fibre)Polymers · 4 records · fibre or filament tests 2,500 to 3,000 MPa

4 records in the Technora (para/meta aramid copolymer fibre) profile; 2 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Nickel aluminideNickel and cobalt · 2 records 2,300 to 2,900 MPa

2 records in the Nickel aluminide profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Carbon-fibre reinforced epoxy (CFRP)Composites and fibres · 5 records · highest is 43 times the lowest 64 to 2,724 MPa

5 records in the Carbon-fibre reinforced epoxy (CFRP) profile; 4 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Hexcel IM7/8552 carbon-epoxy prepregComposites and fibres · 7 records · highest is 43 times the lowest 64 to 2,724 MPa

7 records in the Hexcel IM7/8552 carbon-epoxy prepreg profile; 6 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

PhynoxNickel and cobalt · 8 records 689 to 2,620 MPa

8 records in the Phynox profile; 8 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

HavarNickel and cobalt · 4 records 965 to 2,275 MPa

4 records in the Havar profile; 4 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

AISI 302 stainless steel (UNS S30200, EN 1.4310)Steels · 4 records · highest is 4 times the lowest 500 to 2,200 MPa

4 records in the AISI 302 stainless steel (UNS S30200, EN 1.4310) profile; 4 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Rene 41 (UNS N07041)Nickel and cobalt · 5 records 1,138 to 2,124 MPa

5 records in the Rene 41 (UNS N07041) profile; 4 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

17-7 PH stainless steelSteels · 6 records 827 to 2,034 MPa

6 records in the 17-7 PH stainless steel profile; 4 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Torayca M55J high-modulus carbon fibre and #2500 epoxy…Composites and fibres · 4 records 1,860 to 2,020 MPa

4 records in the Torayca M55J high-modulus carbon fibre and #2500 epoxy composite profile; 3 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Metallic glass (amorphous metal ribbons)Other metals · 2 records 1,000 to 2,000 MPa

2 records in the Metallic glass (amorphous metal ribbons) profile; 2 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

METGLAS 2605S3AOther metals · 1 record 1,000 to 2,000 MPa

1 record in the METGLAS 2605S3A profile; 1 sets the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

METGLAS 2605SA1Composites and fibres · 1 record 2,000 MPa

1 record in the METGLAS 2605SA1 profile; 1 sets the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

METGLAS 2705MOther metals · 1 record 1,000 to 2,000 MPa

1 record in the METGLAS 2705M profile; 1 sets the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

METGLAS 2826MB (nickel-based magnetic alloy ribbon)Other metals · 1 record 1,000 to 2,000 MPa

1 record in the METGLAS 2826MB (nickel-based magnetic alloy ribbon) profile; 1 sets the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Nextel 312 (alumina-boria-silica ceramic fibre and fabric)Polymers · 2 records 2,000 MPa

2 records in the Nextel 312 (alumina-boria-silica ceramic fibre and fabric) profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Spider silk and recombinant spidroin fibresComposites and fibres · 8 records · highest is 10 times the lowest 202 to 2,000 MPa

8 records in the Spider silk and recombinant spidroin fibres profile; 7 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

  • 1,300 MPaprinted 1.3 GPa Tensile strength of dragline silk, single figure material spider dragline silkspecies not named on the page Source: Spider silk (Wikipedia article)
  • 450 to 2,000 MParange Tensile strength of dragline silk, wider range on the same page material dragline silkcomparison compared with high-grade alloy steel Source: Spider silk (Wikipedia article)
  • 202 MPa Wild-type silkworm silk, control line material wild-type silkworm (Bombyx mori) silk, Lan10-G5 line, homozygous G5replicates 15form fibresd 52.470 MPa as printed Source: Extraordinary Mechanical Properties of Composite Silk Through…
  • 241 to 326 MParange Chimeric silkworm/spider silk, 2 to 16 re-MaSp1 repeat units material chimeric silkworm/spider silk fibre, homozygous G5 transgenic silkwormrepeats 2 to 16 re-MaSp1 repeat unitslower MASP1-2-G5 (2 repeat units)upper MASP1-16-G5 (16 repeat units) Source: Extraordinary Mechanical Properties of Composite Silk Through…
  • 740 to 1,200 MParange Native dragline silk tenacity, as quoted by Xia et al. 2010 material native spider dragline silk (refs 23 to 25 of Xia et al. 2010)basis range quoted from earlier work, not measured in that paper Source: Native-sized recombinant spider silk protein produced in…
  • 1,652 MPa Ultimate strength (true breaking stress), forcibly silked C. darwini major ampullate silk material forcibly silked major ampullate silk from Caerostris darwini (Darwin's bark spider)stress basis true breaking stressform fibresummary printed 1652 ± 208 MPa as mean ± SD (SD not carried here) Source: Bioprospecting Finds the Toughest Biological Material: Extraordinary…
  • 1,850 MPa Ultimate strength (true breaking stress), web-collected C. darwini major ampullate silk material web-collected major ampullate (radial) dragline silk from Caerostris darwinistress basis true breaking stresssummary printed 1850 ± 340 MPa as mean ± SD (SD not carried here) Source: Bioprospecting Finds the Toughest Biological Material: Extraordinary…
  • 508 MPa Tenacity of 96-mer recombinant MaSp1 fibre material 96-mer recombinant MaSp1 from Nephila clavipes, 284.9 kDa, expressed in E. coli…spinning spun from 20% w/v solutionstretch hand-drawn to 5 times original lengthtest gauge length 20 mm, cross-head speed 10 mm/min, n = 10 Source: Native-sized recombinant spider silk protein produced in… Not in the bar: a fibre or filament test; this profile mostly holds bulk records, which set the bar.
Stainless steel 440CSteels · 2 records 1,965 to 1,965 MPa

2 records in the Stainless steel 440C profile; 2 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Custom 465 stainless steelSteels · 4 records 1,310 to 1,931 MPa

4 records in the Custom 465 stainless steel profile; 4 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

300M ultra-high-strength steel (UNS K44220)Steels · 2 records 1,862 MPa

2 records in the 300M ultra-high-strength steel (UNS K44220) profile; 2 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Maraging 250 steelSteels · 1 record 1,720 to 1,860 MPa

1 record in the Maraging 250 steel profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Nickel-beryllium alloy 360 (UNS N03360)Nickel and cobalt · 3 records 660 to 1,860 MPa

3 records in the Nickel-beryllium alloy 360 (UNS N03360) profile; 3 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

AISI H13 hot-work tool steel (EN 1.2344, X40CrMoV5-1)Steels · 2 records 1,420 to 1,820 MPa

2 records in the AISI H13 hot-work tool steel (EN 1.2344, X40CrMoV5-1) profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

  • 1,820 MPa Tensile strength Rm at 52 HRC, room temperature grade Uddeholm Orvar Supreme (ESR superior AISI H13)hardness 52 HRCheat treatment Austenitising, quench and tempering for this column are not stated in the sheet;…temperature room temperature (the table heading)specimen centre of a 407 x 127 mm bar; direction not stated for this table Source: Uddeholm Orvar Supreme (ESR superior AISI H13), technical datasheet
  • 1,420 MPa Tensile strength Rm at 45 HRC, room temperature grade Uddeholm Orvar Supreme (ESR superior AISI H13)hardness 45 HRC (45 +/- 1 HRC per the sheet)heat treatment austenitised 1025 °C for 30 min, air quenched, tempered 2 + 2 h at 610 °C (the…temperature room temperature (the table heading)specimen centre of a 407 x 127 mm bar Source: Uddeholm Orvar Supreme (ESR superior AISI H13), technical datasheet
Toray Torayca T300 carbon fibreComposites and fibres · 2 records 1,820 MPa

2 records in the Toray Torayca T300 carbon fibre profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

  • 1,820 MPa Tensile strength, T300 in matrix #2500 epoxy, cured at 130 °C as printedfibre volume normalized to 60 % fibre volumeenglish as printed 264 ksitest ASTM D3039 Source: TORAYCA T300 Standard Modulus Carbon Fiber Data Sheet
  • 3,530 MPa Tensile strength, T300 fibre form carbon fibre (fibre properties table)english as printed 512 ksitest Toray method TY-030B-01 Source: TORAYCA T300 Standard Modulus Carbon Fiber Data Sheet Not in the bar: a fibre or filament test; this profile mostly holds bulk records, which set the bar.
Flax fibre (natural bast fibre)Composites and fibres · 2 records 1,500 to 1,800 MPa

2 records in the Flax fibre (natural bast fibre) profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Stainless steel 420Steels · 5 records 592 to 1,760 MPa

5 records in the Stainless steel 420 profile; 5 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

WaspaloyNickel and cobalt · 8 records 1,027 to 1,731 MPa

8 records in the Waspaloy profile; 7 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

PH 15-7 Mo stainless steelSteels · 5 records 860 to 1,690 MPa

5 records in the PH 15-7 Mo stainless steel profile; 5 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

EvanohmNickel and cobalt · 5 records 650 to 1,655 MPa

5 records in the Evanohm profile; 5 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Inconel 718Nickel and cobalt · 4 records 1,003 to 1,634 MPa

4 records in the Inconel 718 profile; 4 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

IridiumOther metals · 2 records 450 to 1,632 MPa

2 records in the Iridium profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Alloy steel AISI 4130 (chromium-molybdenum)Steels · 6 records 655 to 1,600 MPa

6 records in the Alloy steel AISI 4130 (chromium-molybdenum) profile; 6 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Ti-15Mo (UNS R58150, ASTM F2066 beta titanium)Titanium · 8 records 690 to 1,590 MPa

8 records in the Ti-15Mo (UNS R58150, ASTM F2066 beta titanium) profile; 8 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Inconel X-750Nickel and cobalt · 6 records 855 to 1,586 MPa

6 records in the Inconel X-750 profile; 5 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

  • 1,138 MPaprinted 165 ksiminimum Tensile strength, rod and forgings, minimum form rod, bar and forgings, under 4.0 intemper equalized plus precipitation-treated, 1625°F/24 hr, A.C., + 1300°F/20 hr, A.C. (AMS…temperature room temperature Source: INCONEL alloy X-750 technical bulletin, publication SMC-067
  • 1,172 MPaprinted 170 ksiminimum Tensile strength, sheet and strip, minimum after precipitation treatment form sheet, strip and plate, 0.010 to 0.250 intemper furnace-cool precipitation-treated, 1350°F/8 hr, F.C. to 1150°F, hold at 1150°F for…temperature room temperature Source: INCONEL alloy X-750 technical bulletin, publication SMC-067
  • 1,517 MPaprinted 220 ksiminimum Tensile strength, spring-temper wire, minimum product spring-temper wire, AMS 5699temper spring temper, 1200°F/4 hr, A.C. (constant-temperature precipitation treatment)size 0.012 to 0.250 inservice up to 700 °F Source: INCONEL alloy X-750 technical bulletin, publication SMC-067
  • 855 MPa Tensile strength, 0 % cold work (fully annealed baseline), typical cold work percent 0temperature not statedgauge length 25.4 cm [10 in] Source: INCONEL alloy X-750, Fort Wayne Metals
  • 1,586 MPa Tensile strength, 75 % cold worked, typical cold work percent 75temperature not statedgauge length 25.4 cm [10 in] Source: INCONEL alloy X-750, Fort Wayne Metals
  • 1,069 MPaprinted 155 ksi Tensile strength at 1000 °F, cold-rolled sheet, precipitation-treated form cold-rolled annealed 0.050 in sheettemper precipitation-treated 1350°F/8 hr, F.C. to 1150°F, hold at 1150°F for 18 hr total,…temperature 1000 °F Source: INCONEL alloy X-750 technical bulletin, publication SMC-067 Not in the bar: tested at 538 °C, not near room temperature.
PH 13-8Mo stainless steelSteels · 5 records 1,207 to 1,551 MPa

5 records in the PH 13-8Mo stainless steel profile; 5 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Alloy steel AISI 4340 (nickel-chromium-molybdenum)Steels · 8 records 745 to 1,550 MPa

8 records in the Alloy steel AISI 4340 (nickel-chromium-molybdenum) profile; 8 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

  • 850 to 1,000 MParange Tensile strength (Rm), quenched and tempered, condition T condition quenched and tempered to condition Tsection limiting ruling section 150 mmheat treatment harden 815 to 845 C, oil or polymer quench; temper 455 to 650 C for at least 2 h,…tempering 455 to 650 C recommended range; the datasheet gives one range for the whole…strength type Rm, range Source: voestalpine High Performance Metals: AISI 4340 / 1.6565 / G43400…
  • 930 to 1,080 MParange Tensile strength (Rm), quenched and tempered, condition U condition quenched and tempered to condition Usection limiting ruling section 100 mmheat treatment harden 815 to 845 C, oil or polymer quench; temper 455 to 650 C for at least 2 h,…tempering 455 to 650 C recommended range; the datasheet gives one range for the whole…strength type Rm, range Source: voestalpine High Performance Metals: AISI 4340 / 1.6565 / G43400…
  • 1,000 to 1,150 MParange Tensile strength (Rm), quenched and tempered, condition V condition quenched and tempered to condition Vsection limiting ruling section 63 mmheat treatment harden 815 to 845 C, oil or polymer quench; temper 455 to 650 C for at least 2 h,…tempering 455 to 650 C recommended range; the datasheet gives one range for the whole…strength type Rm, range Source: voestalpine High Performance Metals: AISI 4340 / 1.6565 / G43400…
  • 1,080 to 1,230 MParange Tensile strength (Rm), quenched and tempered, condition W condition quenched and tempered to condition Wsection limiting ruling section 30 mmheat treatment harden 815 to 845 C, oil or polymer quench; temper 455 to 650 C for at least 2 h,…tempering 455 to 650 C recommended range; the datasheet gives one range for the whole…strength type Rm, range Source: voestalpine High Performance Metals: AISI 4340 / 1.6565 / G43400…
  • 1,150 to 1,300 MParange Tensile strength (Rm), quenched and tempered, condition X* condition quenched and tempered to condition X* (asterisked: typically ordered annealed for…section limiting ruling section 30 mmheat treatment harden 815 to 845 C, oil or polymer quench; temper 455 to 650 C for at least 2 h,…tempering 455 to 650 C recommended range; the datasheet gives one range for the whole…strength type Rm, range Source: voestalpine High Performance Metals: AISI 4340 / 1.6565 / G43400…
  • 1,230 to 1,380 MParange Tensile strength (Rm), quenched and tempered, condition Y* condition quenched and tempered to condition Y* (asterisked: typically ordered annealed for…section limiting ruling section 30 mmheat treatment harden 815 to 845 C, oil or polymer quench; temper 455 to 650 C for at least 2 h,…tempering 455 to 650 C recommended range; the datasheet gives one range for the whole…strength type Rm, range Source: voestalpine High Performance Metals: AISI 4340 / 1.6565 / G43400…
  • 1,550 MPaminimum Tensile strength (Rm), quenched and tempered, condition Z* condition quenched and tempered to condition Z* (asterisked: typically ordered annealed for…section limiting ruling section 30 mmheat treatment harden 815 to 845 C, oil or polymer quench; temper 455 to 650 C for at least 2 h,…tempering 455 to 650 C recommended range; the datasheet gives one range for the whole…strength type Rm, printed as greater than Source: voestalpine High Performance Metals: AISI 4340 / 1.6565 / G43400…
  • 745 MPa Tensile strength, annealed at 810 C, 25 C temperature 25 Ctreatment annealed at 810 C (as printed by eFunda) Source: eFunda: Properties of Alloy Steels, AISI 4340
Beryllium copperCopper alloys · 4 records 410 to 1,550 MPa

4 records in the Beryllium copper profile; 4 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Tungsten-rhenium alloysOther metals · 4 records 1,379 to 1,517 MPa

4 records in the Tungsten-rhenium alloys profile; 2 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Beryllium copper C17300 (leaded)Copper alloys · 3 records 469 to 1,462 MPa

3 records in the Beryllium copper C17300 (leaded) profile; 3 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Copper titanium C1990Copper alloys · 4 records 885 to 1,400 MPa

4 records in the Copper titanium C1990 profile; 4 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Stainless steel 431Steels · 4 records 800 to 1,379 MPa

4 records in the Stainless steel 431 profile; 4 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

17-4 PH stainless steelSteels · 9 records 930 to 1,365 MPa

9 records in the 17-4 PH stainless steel profile; 9 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Stainless steel 410Steels · 10 records 448 to 1,331 MPa

10 records in the Stainless steel 410 profile; 10 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

15-5 PH stainless steelSteels · 4 records 931 to 1,310 MPa

4 records in the 15-5 PH stainless steel profile; 4 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Monel K-500Nickel and cobalt · 3 records 621 to 1,310 MPa

3 records in the Monel K-500 profile; 3 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Minor titanium alloys, Ti-Mo, Ti-V, Ti-Fe, Ti-Si and…Titanium · 8 records 685 to 1,300 MPa

8 records in the Minor titanium alloys, Ti-Mo, Ti-V, Ti-Fe, Ti-Si and Ti-Ga binaries, Ti-6Al-6V-2Sn, Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al and Ti-3Al-8V-6Cr-4Mo-4Zr (Beta C) profile; 5 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

  • 1,000 to 1,300 MPaprinted 1,000 to 1,300 N/mm2range Tensile strength, Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al, heat treated, ambient grade Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al (Ti1023)condition heat treated (the usual delivery condition); tensile test at ambient temperaturebasis typical range, not guaranteed minimum (the datasheet's own wording) Source: Aubert and Duval: Ti1023 (Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al) datasheet
  • 685 MPa Tensile strength, Ti-10.02Mo binary, solution treated grade Ti-10.02Mo binary (measured composition)condition solution treated at 1100 °C for 1 h, iced-water quench (as printed in the methods)basis mean of three tensile tests as stated in the paper Source: Makhatha et al., solution treatment and tensile properties of binary…
  • 764 MPa Tensile strength, Ti-10.83Mo binary, solution treated grade Ti-10.83Mo binary (measured composition)condition solution treated at 1100 °C for 1 h, iced-water quench (as printed in the methods)basis mean of three tensile tests as stated in the paper Source: Makhatha et al., solution treatment and tensile properties of binary…
  • 718 MPa Tensile strength, Ti-12.89Mo binary, solution treated grade Ti-12.89Mo binary (measured composition)condition solution treated at 1100 °C for 1 h, iced-water quench (as printed in the methods)basis mean of three tensile tests as stated in the paper Source: Makhatha et al., solution treatment and tensile properties of binary…
  • 706 MPa Tensile strength, Ti-15.05Mo binary, solution treated grade Ti-15.05Mo binary (measured composition)condition solution treated at 1100 °C for 1 h, iced-water quench (as printed in the methods)basis mean of three tensile tests as stated in the paper Source: Makhatha et al., solution treatment and tensile properties of binary…
  • 1,207 MPaprinted 175 ksimaximum Tensile strength, Ti-6Al-6V-2Sn, supplier maximum grade Ti-6Al-6V-2Sn (Ti 6-6-2)condition not stated; maximum only, no minimum printedbasis supplier maximum, reference only Source: Titanium Industries: Ti 6Al-6V-2SN technical page Not in the bar: an upper limit only; no strength level is printed.
  • 900 to 1,170 MPaprinted 900 to 1,170 N/mm2range Tensile strength, Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al, heat treated, 315 degC grade Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al (Ti1023)condition heat treated; tensile test at 315 degCbasis typical range, not guaranteed minimum Source: Aubert and Duval: Ti1023 (Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al) datasheet Not in the bar: tested at 315 °C, not near room temperature.
  • 827 MPaprinted 120 ksimaximum Tensile strength, Beta C, supplier maximum grade Beta C (Ti-3Al-8V-6Cr-4Mo-4Zr), UNS R58640condition not stated; maximum only, no minimum printedbasis supplier maximum, reference only Source: Titanium Industries: Ti Beta C Grade 19 (UNS R58640) technical page Not in the bar: an upper limit only; no strength level is printed.
Alloy steel AISI 4140 (chromium-molybdenum)Steels · 8 records 745 to 1,283 MPa

8 records in the Alloy steel AISI 4140 (chromium-molybdenum) profile; 8 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Stainless steel 301Steels · 9 records 515 to 1,276 MPa

9 records in the Stainless steel 301 profile; 5 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Beta titanium alloy Ti-11.5Mo-6Zr-4.5Sn (Beta 3), with…Titanium · 3 records 1,000 to 1,241 MPa

3 records in the Beta titanium alloy Ti-11.5Mo-6Zr-4.5Sn (Beta 3), with Beta C and Ti-15-3 profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

  • 1,000 MPa Tensile strength, TIMETAL 15-3 strip aged 8 h at 538 degC (specified minimum) grade TIMETAL 15-3 stripcondition solution treated 1450 degF (790 degC) air cool equivalent, aged 8 h at 1000 degF…basis specified minimum Source: TIMETAL 15-3 datasheet (metastable beta alloy, strip)
  • 1,241 MPa Tensile strength, TIMETAL 15-3 strip aged 16 h at 482 degC (specified minimum) grade TIMETAL 15-3 stripcondition solution treated 1450 degF (790 degC) air cool equivalent, aged 16 h at 900 degF…basis specified minimum Source: TIMETAL 15-3 datasheet (metastable beta alloy, strip)
  • 827 MPaprinted 120 ksimaximum Tensile strength, Beta C, maximum printed grade Beta C (Ti-3Al-8V-6Cr-4Mo-4Zr)condition not stated; maximum value only, no minimum printedbasis reference only, not for design (the page's own wording) Source: Titanium Industries: Ti Beta C (UNS R58640) technical page Not in the bar: an upper limit only; no strength level is printed.
Nimonic 90Nickel and cobalt · 3 records 865 to 1,175 MPa

3 records in the Nimonic 90 profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

AISI 416 stainless steelSteels · 6 records 517 to 1,172 MPa

6 records in the AISI 416 stainless steel profile; 5 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Cobalt-chromium alloys (Haynes 25 / L-605 and CoCrMo…Nickel and cobalt · 5 records 655 to 1,172 MPa

5 records in the Cobalt-chromium alloys (Haynes 25 / L-605 and CoCrMo medical grades) profile; 4 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

AlumelNickel and cobalt · 3 records 586 to 1,170 MPa

3 records in the Alumel profile; 3 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Inconel 706Nickel and cobalt · 3 records 757 to 1,170 MPa

3 records in the Inconel 706 profile; 3 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Haynes 282 (UNS N07208)Nickel and cobalt · 3 records 1,132 to 1,147 MPa

3 records in the Haynes 282 (UNS N07208) profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

CobaltOther metals · 2 records 760 to 1,135 MPa

2 records in the Cobalt profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Hastelloy XNickel and cobalt · 5 records 760 to 1,110 MPa

5 records in the Hastelloy X profile; 3 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

1.2316 stainless plastic mould steel (EN 1.2316, printed…Steels · 2 records 1,100 MPa

2 records in the 1.2316 stainless plastic mould steel (EN 1.2316, printed name X38CrMo16) profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

1.2738 plastic mould steel (40CrMnNiMo8-6-4, AISI P20+Ni)Steels · 3 records 993 to 1,100 MPa

3 records in the 1.2738 plastic mould steel (40CrMnNiMo8-6-4, AISI P20+Ni) profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Martensitic stainless steel (EN 1.4418, X4CrNiMo16-5-1)Steels · 5 records 760 to 1,100 MPa

5 records in the Martensitic stainless steel (EN 1.4418, X4CrNiMo16-5-1) profile; 4 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

  • 760 to 960 MParange Tensile strength, +QT760, diameter up to 160 mm (range) condition +QT760 (quenched and tempered, minimum tensile strength 760 MPa)tempering 590 to 620 C, water or air cooled (heat-treatment table)form round product, diameter up to 160 mmbasis range as printedstandard DIN EN 10088-3 Source: Deutsche Edelstahlwerke: Acidur 4418 Werkstoffdatenblatt,…
  • 900 to 1,100 MParange Tensile strength, +QT900, diameter up to 160 mm (range) condition +QT900 (quenched and tempered, minimum tensile strength 900 MPa)tempering 550 to 620 C, water or air cooled (heat-treatment table)form round product, diameter up to 160 mmbasis range as printedstandard DIN EN 10088-3 Source: Deutsche Edelstahlwerke: Acidur 4418 Werkstoffdatenblatt,…
  • 940 MPa Tensile strength, +QT760, typical value (not a minimum) condition +QT760 (quenched and tempered, minimum tensile strength 760 MPa)basis typical column, not a minimumtempering not printed on this sheetform not stated on this sheet; sections of 160 mm and above are to be agreed Source: Deutsche Edelstahlwerke (Swiss Steel Group): 1.4418 X4CrNiMo16-5-1…
  • 1,050 MPa Tensile strength, +QT900, typical value (not a minimum) condition +QT900 (quenched and tempered, minimum tensile strength 900 MPa)basis typical column, not a minimumtempering not printed on this sheetform not stated on this sheet; sections of 160 mm and above are to be agreed Source: Deutsche Edelstahlwerke (Swiss Steel Group): 1.4418 X4CrNiMo16-5-1…
  • 1,100 MPamaximum Tensile strength, soft annealed +A, all diameters (maximum) condition +A (soft annealed), all diametersbasis maximumstandard DIN EN 10088-3 Source: Deutsche Edelstahlwerke: Acidur 4418 Werkstoffdatenblatt,… Not in the bar: an upper limit only; no strength level is printed.
Martensitic stainless steel 13Cr-4Ni (UNS S41500)Steels · 7 records 700 to 1,100 MPa

7 records in the Martensitic stainless steel 13Cr-4Ni (UNS S41500) profile; 6 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Platinum-tungsten and platinum-copper alloysOther metals · 1 record 800 to 1,100 MPa

1 record in the Platinum-tungsten and platinum-copper alloys profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Zirconium alloys (Zircaloy, ZIRLO, Zr-2.5Nb, Zr-Al)Other metals · 6 records 515 to 1,069 MPa

6 records in the Zirconium alloys (Zircaloy, ZIRLO, Zr-2.5Nb, Zr-Al) profile; 4 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Haynes 188Nickel and cobalt · 6 records 946 to 1,045 MPa

6 records in the Haynes 188 profile; 3 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Haynes 214Nickel and cobalt · 5 records 758 to 1,035 MPa

5 records in the Haynes 214 profile; 3 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Inconel 625Nickel and cobalt · 7 records 724 to 1,034 MPa

7 records in the Inconel 625 profile; 6 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

  • 827 to 1,034 MPaprinted 120 to 150 ksirange Inconel 625 condition annealed (grade 1)product rod, bar and plate, composite for sizes up to 4 intemperature room temperature Source: INCONEL alloy 625 datasheet, Special Metals Corporation
  • 724 to 896 MPaprinted 105 to 130 ksirange Inconel 625 condition solution-annealed (grade 2; Special Metals calls it solution-treated)product rod, bar and plate, composite for sizes up to 4 intemperature room temperature Source: INCONEL alloy 625 datasheet, Special Metals Corporation
  • 827 to 1,034 MPaprinted 120 to 150 ksirange Inconel 625 condition annealed (grade 1)product sheet and strip, composite for sizes up to 4 intemperature room temperature Source: INCONEL alloy 625 datasheet, Special Metals Corporation
  • 989 MPaprinted 143.5 ksi Inconel 625 condition annealed (grade 1); 1 h anneal at 1800 F (982 C), inside the 1700-1900 F annealing…product hot-rolled rodtemperature room temperaturebasis annealing study, one hour at each temperature Source: INCONEL alloy 625 datasheet, Special Metals Corporation
  • 800 MPaprinted 116 ksi Inconel 625 condition solution-annealed (grade 2); 1 h anneal at 2100 F (1149 C), inside the 2000-2200 F…product hot-rolled rodtemperature room temperaturebasis annealing study, one hour at each temperature Source: INCONEL alloy 625 datasheet, Special Metals Corporation
  • 827 MPaprinted 120 ksiminimum Inconel 625 condition annealed (grade 1)product plate (ASTM B443, ASME SB-443, AMS 5599)basis minimum as printed on the ATI product page Source: ATI 625 Nickel-Based Alloy product page
  • 1,010 MPaprinted 146.5 ksi Inconel 625 condition annealed (grade 1), hot-rolled annealed barexposure 2000 hours at 1200 F (649 C) before testtemperature 1200 F (649 C), tested at the exposure temperature Source: INCONEL alloy 625 datasheet, Special Metals Corporation Not in the bar: tested at 649 °C, not near room temperature.
Titanium alloy Ti-5Al-2.5Sn (Grade 6)Titanium · 2 records 827 to 1,034 MPa

2 records in the Titanium alloy Ti-5Al-2.5Sn (Grade 6) profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Cobalt-chromium-molybdenum ASTM F75 (CoCrMo)Nickel and cobalt · 2 records 655 to 1,030 MPa

2 records in the Cobalt-chromium-molybdenum ASTM F75 (CoCrMo) profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

P20 plastic mould steel (AISI P20, UNS T51620, EN 1.2311)Steels · 2 records 965 to 1,030 MPa

2 records in the P20 plastic mould steel (AISI P20, UNS T51620, EN 1.2311) profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

A-286 iron-based superalloy (UNS S66286, Grade 660)Nickel and cobalt · 6 records 620 to 1,000 MPa

6 records in the A-286 iron-based superalloy (UNS S66286, Grade 660) profile; 4 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Incoloy 825Nickel and cobalt · 3 records 585 to 1,000 MPa

3 records in the Incoloy 825 profile; 3 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Platinum-rhodium alloysOther metals · 2 records 300 to 1,000 MPa

2 records in the Platinum-rhodium alloys profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Super duplex stainless steel 2507Steels · 3 records 750 to 1,000 MPa

3 records in the Super duplex stainless steel 2507 profile; 3 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

TZM molybdenum alloyOther metals · 1 record 800 to 1,000 MPa

1 record in the TZM molybdenum alloy profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Duplex stainless steel 2205Steels · 4 records 655 to 965 MPa

4 records in the Duplex stainless steel 2205 profile; 4 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Titanium Grade 9, Ti-3Al-2.5V (UNS R56320)Titanium · 9 records 620 to 965 MPa

9 records in the Titanium Grade 9, Ti-3Al-2.5V (UNS R56320) profile; 9 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Tenax HTA carbon fibreComposites and fibres · 2 records 963 MPa

2 records in the Tenax HTA carbon fibre profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

  • 963 MPa Tensile strength, Tenax-E PEEK laminate with HTA40 fabric (0 degree direction) material Laminate, not the bare fibre: Tenax-E TPWF PEEK-4-42-HTA40 E13 3K DT-5HS-285 (PEEK…direction 0 degreetest EN ISO 527-4conditioning 23 °C / 50 % r.h. Source: Product data sheet: Tenax-E TPWF PEEK-4-42-HTA40 E13 3K DT-5HS-285…
  • 4,100 MPa Tensile strength, Tenax HTA40 E13 3K 200tex 15Z fibre fibre Tenax HTA40 E13 3K 200tex 15Z, bare filamentbasis typical value, as the Teijin overview states that all data are typical values Source: Product overview: Tenax and Tenax Next filament yarn (Teijin Carbon,… Not in the bar: a fibre or filament test; this profile mostly holds bulk records, which set the bar.
Copper nickel beryllium C17510 (Alloy 3)Copper alloys · 6 records · highest is 4 times the lowest 240 to 960 MPa

6 records in the Copper nickel beryllium C17510 (Alloy 3) profile; 6 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23)Titanium · 4 records 828 to 953 MPa

4 records in the Titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) profile; 3 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Hastelloy C-22Nickel and cobalt · 2 records 690 to 950 MPa

2 records in the Hastelloy C-22 profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Ti-13V-11Cr-3Al (B120VCA beta titanium)Titanium · 2 records 861 to 950 MPa

2 records in the Ti-13V-11Cr-3Al (B120VCA beta titanium) profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Platinum-iridium alloyOther metals · 4 records 340 to 940 MPa

4 records in the Platinum-iridium alloy profile; 4 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Minor nickel alloys (nickel-iron soft-magnetic and…Nickel and cobalt · 3 records 450 to 900 MPa

3 records in the Minor nickel alloys (nickel-iron soft-magnetic and nickel-manganese grades) profile; 3 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Hastelloy B-2Nickel and cobalt · 3 records 758 to 896 MPa

3 records in the Hastelloy B-2 profile; 3 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo (Ti-6242)Titanium · 2 records 896 MPa

2 records in the Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo (Ti-6242) profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Hastelloy B-3Nickel and cobalt · 3 records 862 to 883 MPa

3 records in the Hastelloy B-3 profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Copper alloy C70250 (CuNi3SiMg)Copper alloys · 2 records 655 to 860 MPa

2 records in the Copper alloy C70250 (CuNi3SiMg) profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Haynes 230Nickel and cobalt · 3 records 837 to 852 MPa

3 records in the Haynes 230 profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Silver steel (BS 1407 high-carbon bright tool steel)Steels · 1 record 700 to 850 MPa

1 record in the Silver steel (BS 1407 high-carbon bright tool steel) profile; 1 sets the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Stainless steel 430FSteels · 3 records 552 to 850 MPa

3 records in the Stainless steel 430F profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Phosphor bronze C52100 (CuSn8)Copper alloys · 5 records 475 to 840 MPa

5 records in the Phosphor bronze C52100 (CuSn8) profile; 5 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

KovarNickel and cobalt · 3 records 450 to 830 MPa

3 records in the Kovar profile; 3 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Ductile iron (nodular iron, SG iron)Steels · 9 records 350 to 827 MPa

9 records in the Ductile iron (nodular iron, SG iron) profile; 9 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

  • 414 MPaprinted 60,000 psi Tensile strength, 60-40-18 grade 60-40-18heat treatment full ferritizing anneal (ASTM A536 summary); Daycounter says may be annealedtest bar separate test bar poured from the ladle and pulled to failure (Goldens text)temperature not statedbasis grade value as printed; Daycounter's ASTM A536-80 summary prints the same 60,000… Source: Goldens' Guide to Ductile Iron Grades (grade table with ASTM, SAE,…
  • 448 MPaprinted 65,000 psi Tensile strength, 65-45-12 grade 65-45-12heat treatment as-cast (ASTM A536 summary)test bar separate test bar poured from the ladle and pulled to failure (Goldens text)temperature not statedbasis grade value as printed; Daycounter's ASTM A536-80 summary prints the same 65,000… Source: Goldens' Guide to Ductile Iron Grades (grade table with ASTM, SAE,…
  • 483 MPaprinted 70,000 psi Tensile strength, 70-50-07 grade 70-50-07heat treatment not stated in the fetched sourcestest bar separate test bar poured from the ladle and pulled to failure (Goldens text)temperature not statedbasis grade value as printed; no minimum label in the fetched sources Source: Goldens' Guide to Ductile Iron Grades (grade table with ASTM, SAE,…
  • 552 MPaprinted 80,000 psi Tensile strength, 80-55-06 grade 80-55-06heat treatment as-cast (ASTM A536 summary)test bar separate test bar poured from the ladle and pulled to failure (Goldens text)temperature not statedbasis grade value as printed; Daycounter prints the same 80,000 psi as Min. Tensile under… Source: Goldens' Guide to Ductile Iron Grades (grade table with ASTM, SAE,…
  • 552 MPaprinted 80,000 psi Tensile strength, 80-60-03 grade 80-60-03heat treatment not stated in the fetched sourcestest bar separate test bar poured from the ladle and pulled to failure (Goldens text)temperature not statedbasis grade value as printed; no minimum label in the fetched sources Source: Goldens' Guide to Ductile Iron Grades (grade table with ASTM, SAE,…
  • 689 MPaprinted 100,000 psi Tensile strength, 100-70-03 grade 100-70-03heat treatment quench and temper, normalize and temper, or isothermal (ASTM A536 summary);…test bar separate test bar poured from the ladle and pulled to failure (Goldens text)temperature not statedbasis grade value as printed; Daycounter's ASTM A536-80 summary prints the same 100,000… Source: Goldens' Guide to Ductile Iron Grades (grade table with ASTM, SAE,…
  • 827 MPaprinted 120,000 psi Tensile strength, 120-90-02 grade 120-90-02heat treatment quench and temper, normalize and temper, or isothermal (ASTM A536 summary);…test bar separate test bar poured from the ladle and pulled to failure (Goldens text)temperature not statedbasis grade value as printed; Daycounter's ASTM A536-80 summary prints the same 120,000… Source: Goldens' Guide to Ductile Iron Grades (grade table with ASTM, SAE,…
  • 350 MPaminimum Tensile strength, EN-GJS-400-15 (minimum) grade EN-GJS-400-15heat treatment not stated on the pagetest bar not stated on the pagetemperature not stated beside the value; the page's first temperature column is 0 to 30 °C Source: Total Materia: EN EN-GJS-400-15 Cast irons (free view, latest update…
  • 400 MPaprinted 400 N/mm2 Typical tensile strength, EN GJS 400-15 SG iron grade EN GJS 400-15 (SG iron)basis typical value; the datasheet says values may vary with the size and section of the…heat treatment not statedtest bar not stated Source: West Yorkshire Steel: EN GJS 400-15 SG iron datasheet
Lean duplex stainless steel 2304Steels · 2 records 600 to 820 MPa

2 records in the Lean duplex stainless steel 2304 profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Aluminium bronze C63000 (wrought, CuAl10Ni5Fe4)Copper alloys · 6 records 585 to 814 MPa

6 records in the Aluminium bronze C63000 (wrought, CuAl10Ni5Fe4) profile; 6 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

NichromeNickel and cobalt · 3 records 725 to 810 MPa

3 records in the Nichrome profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Inconel 617Nickel and cobalt · 4 records 690 to 808 MPa

4 records in the Inconel 617 profile; 4 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

AISI 317LMN stainless steelSteels · 2 records 550 to 800 MPa

2 records in the AISI 317LMN stainless steel profile; 2 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Bacterial cellulose (Komagataeibacter nanocellulose)Composites and fibres · 8 records · highest is 40 times the lowest 20 to 800 MPa

8 records in the Bacterial cellulose (Komagataeibacter nanocellulose) profile; 8 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

  • 20 to 300 MParange Tensile strength, range in the review introduction (refs 2 and 7) basis range cited in the review introduction (refs 2 and 7); test method, form and…reconcile a second, wider range of 80 to 800 MPa is given in the same introduction and… Source: Review of bacterial cellulose production using agricultural and…
  • 80 to 800 MParange Tensile strength, second range in the review introduction (ref 14) basis range cited in the review introduction (ref 14); conflicts with the 20 to 300 MPa… Source: Review of bacterial cellulose production using agricultural and…
  • 76.2 MPa Tensile strength, Komagataeibacter CCUG73629 (K29), standard HS medium strain Komagataeibacter sp. CCUG73629 (K29)medium HS (Hestrin-Schramm standard medium)culture static, 30 C, 10 days (Table 2 of the review) Source: Review of bacterial cellulose production using agricultural and…
  • 57.8 MPa Tensile strength, Komagataeibacter CCUG73629 (K29), CC medium, intermittent agitation strain Komagataeibacter sp. CCUG73629 (K29)medium CC (corncob enzymatic hydrolysate with nitrogen and phosphate sources)culture intermittent agitation at 100 r/min for 6 h daily, 30 C, 10 days (Table 2 of the… Source: Review of bacterial cellulose production using agricultural and…
  • 40 MPa Tensile strength, Komagataeibacter CCUG73629 (K29), SCB medium, continuous agitation strain Komagataeibacter sp. CCUG73629 (K29)medium SCB (sugarcane bagasse enzymatic hydrolysate with nitrogen and phosphate sources)culture continuous agitation at 100 r/min, 30 C, 10 days (Table 2 of the review) Source: Review of bacterial cellulose production using agricultural and…
  • 70.9 MPa Tensile strength, Komagataeibacter CCUG73630 (K30), CC medium, intermittent agitation strain Komagataeibacter sp. CCUG73630 (K30)medium CC (corncob enzymatic hydrolysate with nitrogen and phosphate sources)culture intermittent agitation at 100 r/min for 6 h daily, 30 C, 10 days (Table 2 of the… Source: Review of bacterial cellulose production using agricultural and…
  • 48 MPa Tensile strength, Komagataeibacter CCUG73630 (K30), standard HS medium strain Komagataeibacter sp. CCUG73630 (K30)medium HS (Hestrin-Schramm standard medium)culture static, 30 C, 10 days (Table 2 of the review) Source: Review of bacterial cellulose production using agricultural and…
  • 58.4 MPa Tensile strength, Komagataeibacter CCUG73630 (K30), SCB medium, intermittent agitation strain Komagataeibacter sp. CCUG73630 (K30)medium SCB (sugarcane bagasse enzymatic hydrolysate with nitrogen and phosphate sources)culture intermittent agitation at 100 r/min for 6 h daily, 30 C, 10 days (Table 2 of the… Source: Review of bacterial cellulose production using agricultural and…
Copper-nickel 90/10 (UNS C70600, CuNi10Fe1Mn)Copper alloys · 2 records 275 to 800 MPa

2 records in the Copper-nickel 90/10 (UNS C70600, CuNi10Fe1Mn) profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Thermocouple wire alloys (Types J, T, E and N)Copper alloys · 6 records · highest is 4 times the lowest 179 to 800 MPa

6 records in the Thermocouple wire alloys (Types J, T, E and N) profile; 6 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Hastelloy C-276Nickel and cobalt · 7 records 690 to 792 MPa

7 records in the Hastelloy C-276 profile; 4 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Phosphor bronze C51000 (CuSn5P)Copper alloys · 4 records 485 to 790 MPa

4 records in the Phosphor bronze C51000 (CuSn5P) profile; 4 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Nickel aluminium bronze C63000Copper alloys · 3 records 760 to 772 MPa

3 records in the Nickel aluminium bronze C63000 profile; 3 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Incoloy 800Nickel and cobalt · 3 records 590 to 771 MPa

3 records in the Incoloy 800 profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Hexcel AS4/3501-6 carbon-epoxyComposites and fibres · 9 records · highest is 19 times the lowest 40.8 to 769 MPa

9 records in the Hexcel AS4/3501-6 carbon-epoxy profile; 5 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Nickel silver C75200Copper alloys · 8 records 365 to 765 MPa

8 records in the Nickel silver C75200 profile; 8 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Kanthal A-1 (FeCrAl resistance heating alloy)Steels · 8 records 670 to 760 MPa

8 records in the Kanthal A-1 (FeCrAl resistance heating alloy) profile; 3 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Silicon bronze C65500 (CuSi3Mn1)Copper alloys · 5 records 386 to 758 MPa

5 records in the Silicon bronze C65500 (CuSi3Mn1) profile; 5 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Tungsten heavy alloyOther metals · 4 records 689 to 758 MPa

4 records in the Tungsten heavy alloy profile; 4 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Stainless steel 310SSteels · 4 records 500 to 750 MPa

4 records in the Stainless steel 310S profile; 3 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

ConstantanCopper alloys · 4 records 360 to 740 MPa

4 records in the Constantan profile; 4 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Super-austenitic stainless steel 904LSteels · 3 records 490 to 730 MPa

3 records in the Super-austenitic stainless steel 904L profile; 3 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Nitronic 60 stainless steelSteels · 4 records 655 to 717 MPa

4 records in the Nitronic 60 stainless steel profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

AISI 317L stainless steelSteels · 4 records 500 to 700 MPa

4 records in the AISI 317L stainless steel profile; 4 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Carbon steel 1045Steels · 7 records 552 to 700 MPa

7 records in the Carbon steel 1045 profile; 7 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Carbon steel 1070Steels · 2 records 640 to 700 MPa

2 records in the Carbon steel 1070 profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Cartridge brass 70/30Copper alloys · 4 records 324 to 700 MPa

4 records in the Cartridge brass 70/30 profile; 4 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Mu-metalOther metals · 3 records 500 to 700 MPa

3 records in the Mu-metal profile; 2 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Permalloy 80Other metals · 3 records 450 to 700 MPa

3 records in the Permalloy 80 profile; 3 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

RheniumOther metals · 2 records 400 to 700 MPa

2 records in the Rhenium profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Inconel 600Nickel and cobalt · 3 records 490 to 690 MPa

3 records in the Inconel 600 profile; 3 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Inconel 601Nickel and cobalt · 2 records 550 to 690 MPa

2 records in the Inconel 601 profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Tungsten-copperOther metals · 1 record 620 to 689 MPa

1 record in the Tungsten-copper profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Copper-chromium-zirconium (CuCrZr)Copper alloys · 8 records 345 to 660 MPa

8 records in the Copper-chromium-zirconium (CuCrZr) profile; 8 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

ChromelNickel and cobalt · 3 records 580 to 655 MPa

3 records in the Chromel profile; 2 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Aluminium bronze C95400Copper alloys · 5 records 515 to 655 MPa

5 records in the Aluminium bronze C95400 profile; 5 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

  • 586 MPaminimum Tensile strength, continuous cast C95400, as cast (minimum) grade C95400 (ASTM B505/B505M-23)casting method continuous cast, standard sheetheat treatment as cast (standard sheet; the heat-treated grade has its own sheet, C95400HT)measure minimum Source: Wieland Concast, C95400 aluminum bronze, continuous cast datasheet…
  • 586 MPaprinted 85,000 psiminimum Tensile strength, continuous cast solid bar, as cast (minimum), US units grade C95400casting method continuous cast solid barheat treatment as castmeasure minimumcaveat typical properties, not for specification (supplier note) Source: Bunting Bearings, C95400 continuous cast aluminum bronze solid bar…
  • 655 MPaminimum Tensile strength, continuous cast C95400HT, heat treated (minimum) grade C95400HT (ASTM B505/B505M-23)casting method continuous castheat treatment heat treated (C95400HT sheet)measure minimum Source: Wieland Concast, C95400HT heat-treated aluminum bronze datasheet…
  • 655 MPaprinted 95,000 psiminimum Tensile strength, continuous cast solid bar, heat treated (minimum), US units grade C95400casting method continuous cast solid barheat treatment heat treatedmeasure minimumcaveat typical properties, not for specification (supplier note) Source: Bunting Bearings, C95400 continuous cast aluminum bronze solid bar…
  • 515 MPaminimum Tensile strength, sand casting to ASTM B148 (minimum) grade C95400 (ASTM B148 sand casting)casting method sand casting (ASTM B148)heat treatment as cast or solution annealed or normalized (the sheet's heat-treatment column;…measure minimumcaveat reference values on a casting vendor's sheet; the vendor disclaims them Source: iCast Alloys, ASTM B148 Aluminum Bronze UNS C95400 data sheet (sand…
Tantalum-tungsten alloys (Ta-2.5W and Ta-10W)Other metals · 7 records 240 to 655 MPa

7 records in the Tantalum-tungsten alloys (Ta-2.5W and Ta-10W) profile; 4 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Lean duplex stainless steel 2101 (UNS S32101)Steels · 3 records 650 MPa

3 records in the Lean duplex stainless steel 2101 (UNS S32101) profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

AISI 347H stainless steelSteels · 4 records 515 to 643 MPa

4 records in the AISI 347H stainless steel profile; 3 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

AISI 347 stainless steelSteels · 3 records 515 to 640 MPa

3 records in the AISI 347 stainless steel profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Stainless steel 430Steels · 5 records 400 to 630 MPa

5 records in the Stainless steel 430 profile; 4 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

AISI 309 stainless steelSteels · 4 records 517 to 621 MPa

4 records in the AISI 309 stainless steel profile; 2 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Monel 400Nickel and cobalt · 5 records 483 to 621 MPa

5 records in the Monel 400 profile; 4 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

  • 517 to 621 MPaprinted 75 to 90 ksirange Monel 400 condition annealedproduct rod and bartemperature room temperaturebasis composite range for various product sizes, not for specification (footnote a) Source: MONEL alloy 400 datasheet, Special Metals Corporation
  • 483 to 586 MPaprinted 70 to 85 ksirange Monel 400 condition hot-rolled, annealedproduct platetemperature room temperaturebasis composite range for various product sizes, not for specification (footnote a) Source: MONEL alloy 400 datasheet, Special Metals Corporation
  • 483 to 586 MPaprinted 70 to 85 ksirange Monel 400 condition annealedproduct plate (ASTM B127, ASME SB-127, AMS 4544)temperature room temperaturebasis minimum and maximum printed on the ATI product page Source: ATI 400 Nickel-Based Alloy product page
  • 517 MPaprinted 75,000 psi Monel 400 condition annealedproduct plate, sheet and striptemperature room temperaturebasis typical value on the ATI data sheet Source: ATI 400 Technical Data Sheet (UNS N04400)
  • 365 MPaprinted 53,000 psi Monel 400 condition annealedtemperature 1000 F (538 C)basis short-time test, typical value on the ATI data sheet Source: ATI 400 Technical Data Sheet (UNS N04400) Not in the bar: tested at 538 °C, not near room temperature.
Gamma titanium aluminide (TiAl), Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb…Titanium · 4 records 422 to 620 MPa

4 records in the Gamma titanium aluminide (TiAl), Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb turbine-blade alloy profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Stainless steel 316Steels · 3 records 480 to 620 MPa

3 records in the Stainless steel 316 profile; 3 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Wollaston wire (silver-clad platinum and Pt-10Rh…Other metals · 3 records · highest is 5 times the lowest 125 to 620 MPa

3 records in the Wollaston wire (silver-clad platinum and Pt-10Rh microwire) profile; 3 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Gold alloysOther metals · 1 record 616 MPa

1 record in the Gold alloys profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Zirconium and ZircaloyOther metals · 5 records 379 to 615 MPa

5 records in the Zirconium and Zircaloy profile; 5 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

ManganinCopper alloys · 2 records 300 to 600 MPa

2 records in the Manganin profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Stainless steel 444Steels · 5 records 415 to 600 MPa

5 records in the Stainless steel 444 profile; 5 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Commercially pure titanium, Grade 3 (UNS R50550)Titanium · 2 records 450 to 593 MPa

2 records in the Commercially pure titanium, Grade 3 (UNS R50550) profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

AISI 321 stainless steel (UNS S32100, EN 1.4541)Steels · 2 records 515 to 586 MPa

2 records in the AISI 321 stainless steel (UNS S32100, EN 1.4541) profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Stainless steel 304LSteels · 3 records 485 to 586 MPa

3 records in the Stainless steel 304L profile; 3 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Leaded free-machining brass CW614N (CuZn39Pb3, UNS C38500)Copper alloys · 4 records 360 to 580 MPa

4 records in the Leaded free-machining brass CW614N (CuZn39Pb3, UNS C38500) profile; 4 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Aluminium alloy 7075-T6Aluminium and magnesium · 1 record 572 MPa

1 record in the Aluminium alloy 7075-T6 profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Aluminium-lithium alloy 2195Aluminium and magnesium · 6 records 303 to 560 MPa

6 records in the Aluminium-lithium alloy 2195 profile; 4 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

FecralloySteels · 1 record 560 MPa

1 record in the Fecralloy profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Stainless steel 409Steels · 4 records 380 to 560 MPa

4 records in the Stainless steel 409 profile; 4 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Stainless steel 316LSteels · 3 records 485 to 558 MPa

3 records in the Stainless steel 316L profile; 3 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

ASTM A36 structural carbon steelSteels · 4 records 400 to 552 MPa

4 records in the ASTM A36 structural carbon steel profile; 2 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

  • 400 to 552 MPaprinted 58 to 80 ksirange Tensile strength range, mill plate 0.100 to 6.00 in (SSAB datasheet) form mill plate and temper-leveled plate (SSAB product table)thickness 0.100 to 6.00 in (2.54 to 152 mm)test transverse tension test per ASTM A6, as printed by SSABbasis specified range as printed (58 minimum, 80 maximum) Source: SSAB: ASTM A36 structural steel product page
  • 400 to 550 MParange Tensile strength range, plates, bars and shapes (Wikipedia) form plates, bars and shapesthickness less than 8 in (203 mm); plates over 8 in carry the same rangebasis Wikipedia prints 58 to 80 ksi (400 to 550 MPa) Source: Wikipedia: A36 steel
  • 370 MPaminimum Minimum ultimate strength at 700 °F (Wikipedia) form bars and shapesthickness not statedtemperature 700 °F (371 °C)basis above 650 °F (343 °C) the minimum falls from 58 ksi (400 MPa); Wikipedia prints 54… Source: Wikipedia: A36 steel Not in the bar: tested at 371 °C, not near room temperature.
  • 260 MPaminimum Minimum ultimate strength at 800 °F (Wikipedia) form bars and shapesthickness not statedtemperature 800 °F (427 °C)basis Wikipedia prints 37 ksi (260 MPa) at 800 °F (427 °C) Source: Wikipedia: A36 steel Not in the bar: tested at 427 °C, not near room temperature.
Brass CW508L (CuZn37)Copper alloys · 2 records 300 to 550 MPa

2 records in the Brass CW508L (CuZn37) profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Titanium (commercially pure, grades 1 to 4)Titanium · 4 records 240 to 550 MPa

4 records in the Titanium (commercially pure, grades 1 to 4) profile; 4 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Alloy 52 (UNS N14052, iron-nickel glass-sealing alloy)Nickel and cobalt · 2 records 536 to 540 MPa

2 records in the Alloy 52 (UNS N14052, iron-nickel glass-sealing alloy) profile; 2 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Aluminium alloy 7050Aluminium and magnesium · 5 records 469 to 540 MPa

5 records in the Aluminium alloy 7050 profile; 5 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Carbon steel 1215Steels · 2 records 540 to 540 MPa

2 records in the Carbon steel 1215 profile; 2 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Silicon electrical steelOther metals · 1 record 535 MPa

1 record in the Silicon electrical steel profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Gilding metal 95/5Copper alloys · 10 records 235 to 531 MPa

10 records in the Gilding metal 95/5 profile; 10 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

NickelNickel and cobalt · 1 record 380 to 520 MPa

1 record in the Nickel profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Stainless steel 304Steels · 2 records 515 to 520 MPa

2 records in the Stainless steel 304 profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Upilex-S polyimide film (BPDA)Polymers · 3 records 520 MPa

3 records in the Upilex-S polyimide film (BPDA) profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Invar 36Nickel and cobalt · 2 records 448 to 518 MPa

2 records in the Invar 36 profile; 2 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Stainless steel 303Steels · 5 records 500 to 517 MPa

5 records in the Stainless steel 303 profile; 5 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Alloy 42Nickel and cobalt · 3 records 490 to 517 MPa

3 records in the Alloy 42 profile; 3 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Aluminium alloy 7475-T7351Aluminium and magnesium · 5 records 448 to 510 MPa

5 records in the Aluminium alloy 7475-T7351 profile; 5 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Zirconium copper C15000 (CuZr, CW120C)Copper alloys · 6 records 241 to 496 MPa

6 records in the Zirconium copper C15000 (CuZr, CW120C) profile; 4 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Commercially pure titanium, Grade 2 (UNS R50400)Titanium · 3 records 345 to 483 MPa

3 records in the Commercially pure titanium, Grade 2 (UNS R50400) profile; 3 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Super Invar 32-5Nickel and cobalt · 2 records 483 MPa

2 records in the Super Invar 32-5 profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Titanium grade 12, Ti-0.3Mo-0.8Ni (UNS R53400)Titanium · 2 records 483 MPa

2 records in the Titanium grade 12, Ti-0.3Mo-0.8Ni (UNS R53400) profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Monel 404Nickel and cobalt · 1 record 483 MPa

1 record in the Monel 404 profile; 1 sets the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Aluminium alloy 2014Aluminium and magnesium · 5 records 400 to 480 MPa

5 records in the Aluminium alloy 2014 profile; 5 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Free-cutting brass C36000Copper alloys · 4 records 330 to 480 MPa

4 records in the Free-cutting brass C36000 profile; 4 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Aluminium alloy 2024Aluminium and magnesium · 4 records 410 to 469 MPa

4 records in the Aluminium alloy 2024 profile; 4 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Aluminium alloy 2017Aluminium and magnesium · 5 records 179 to 451 MPa

5 records in the Aluminium alloy 2017 profile; 5 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Aluminium alloy 2017AAluminium and magnesium · 5 records 179 to 451 MPa

5 records in the Aluminium alloy 2017A profile; 5 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Carbon steel 1010Steels · 5 records 310 to 450 MPa

5 records in the Carbon steel 1010 profile; 4 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Commercially pure titanium, Grade 7 (UNS R52400,…Titanium · 3 records 345 to 448 MPa

3 records in the Commercially pure titanium, Grade 7 (UNS R52400, Ti-0.15Pd) profile; 3 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Stainless steel 410SSteels · 3 records 414 to 448 MPa

3 records in the Stainless steel 410S profile; 3 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Zinc-aluminium ZA-12 and ZA-27 foundry alloysOther metals · 4 records 310 to 441 MPa

4 records in the Zinc-aluminium ZA-12 and ZA-27 foundry alloys profile; 4 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Aluminium casting alloy A206.0Aluminium and magnesium · 3 records 275 to 440 MPa

3 records in the Aluminium casting alloy A206.0 profile; 3 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Carbon steel 1018Steels · 2 records 430 to 440 MPa

2 records in the Carbon steel 1018 profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Silver alloys (brazing, silver-gold and contact alloys)Other metals · 3 records 200 to 440 MPa

3 records in the Silver alloys (brazing, silver-gold and contact alloys) profile; 3 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

AlBeMet AM162 (beryllium-aluminium metal matrix,…Aluminium and magnesium · 3 records 262 to 439 MPa

3 records in the AlBeMet AM162 (beryllium-aluminium metal matrix, 62Be-38Al) profile; 3 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Gray cast iron (flake graphite iron)Steels · 14 records 138 to 431 MPa

14 records in the Gray cast iron (flake graphite iron) profile; 12 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Aluminium alloy 2219Aluminium and magnesium · 3 records 395 to 427 MPa

3 records in the Aluminium alloy 2219 profile; 3 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Aluminium alloy 2011Aluminium and magnesium · 6 records 245 to 420 MPa

6 records in the Aluminium alloy 2011 profile; 6 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Aluminium alloy 2618AAluminium and magnesium · 3 records 400 to 420 MPa

3 records in the Aluminium alloy 2618A profile; 3 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Aluminium alloy 5056Aluminium and magnesium · 9 records 245 to 416 MPa

9 records in the Aluminium alloy 5056 profile; 8 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Cupronickel 70/30Copper alloys · 3 records 310 to 414 MPa

3 records in the Cupronickel 70/30 profile; 3 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

AlSi10Mg (additive manufacturing aluminium)Aluminium and magnesium · 3 records 320 to 412 MPa

3 records in the AlSi10Mg (additive manufacturing aluminium) profile; 3 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

MolybdenumOther metals · 1 record 411 MPa

1 record in the Molybdenum profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Aluminium alloy 6013Aluminium and magnesium · 2 records 392 to 410 MPa

2 records in the Aluminium alloy 6013 profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Bamboo culm (structural bamboo)Composites and fibres · 5 records · highest is 4 times the lowest 100 to 400 MPa

5 records in the Bamboo culm (structural bamboo) profile; 5 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

HafniumOther metals · 2 records 400 MPa

2 records in the Hafnium profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Sapphire (single-crystal alpha-alumina)Ceramics and crystals · 2 records 275 to 400 MPa

2 records in the Sapphire (single-crystal alpha-alumina) profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Zamak (zinc die-casting alloys)Other metals · 8 records 221 to 397 MPa

8 records in the Zamak (zinc die-casting alloys) profile; 7 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

NiobiumOther metals · 2 records 386 MPa

2 records in the Niobium profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Niobium alloys (Nb-1Zr, C-103, FS-85)Other metals · 2 records 386 MPa

2 records in the Niobium alloys (Nb-1Zr, C-103, FS-85) profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Aluminium alloy 5019Aluminium and magnesium · 3 records 250 to 385 MPa

3 records in the Aluminium alloy 5019 profile; 3 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Aluminium alloy 5083Aluminium and magnesium · 4 records 275 to 385 MPa

4 records in the Aluminium alloy 5083 profile; 4 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Aluminium-magnesium alloys (5XXX series)Aluminium and magnesium · 6 records 228 to 385 MPa

6 records in the Aluminium-magnesium alloys (5XXX series) profile; 6 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Zinc and zinc alloysOther metals · 4 records 150 to 374 MPa

4 records in the Zinc and zinc alloys profile; 4 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Permendur (Hiperco 50)Other metals · 1 record 350 MPa

1 record in the Permendur (Hiperco 50) profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Aluminium casting alloy A356.0Aluminium and magnesium · 2 records 234 to 345 MPa

2 records in the Aluminium casting alloy A356.0 profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Commercially pure titanium with palladium, Grade 11 (UNS…Titanium · 2 records 240 to 345 MPa

2 records in the Commercially pure titanium with palladium, Grade 11 (UNS R52250) profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Commercially pure titanium, Grade 1 (UNS R50250)Titanium · 3 records 240 to 345 MPa

3 records in the Commercially pure titanium, Grade 1 (UNS R50250) profile; 3 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Aluminium alloy 6082Aluminium and magnesium · 4 records 295 to 340 MPa

4 records in the Aluminium alloy 6082 profile; 4 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Nomex meta-aramid fibre and fabricPolymers · 3 records 340 MPa

3 records in the Nomex meta-aramid fibre and fabric profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

PlatinumOther metals · 2 records 150 to 330 MPa

2 records in the Platinum profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Tellurium copperCopper alloys · 2 records 260 to 330 MPa

2 records in the Tellurium copper profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Carbon fibre reinforced silicon carbide (C/SiC, C/C-SiC)Composites and fibres · 2 records · highest is 4 times the lowest 80 to 320 MPa

2 records in the Carbon fibre reinforced silicon carbide (C/SiC, C/C-SiC) profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

AluminiumAluminium and magnesium · 3 records 88 to 310 MPa

3 records in the Aluminium profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Aluminium alloy 6061Aluminium and magnesium · 1 record 310 MPa

1 record in the Aluminium alloy 6061 profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Magnesium alloy AZ61Aluminium and magnesium · 2 records 262 to 310 MPa

2 records in the Magnesium alloy AZ61 profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Palladium-silver alloysOther metals · 1 record 310 MPa

1 record in the Palladium-silver alloys profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Silver-palladium contact alloy (Ag70Pd30)Other metals · 2 records 160 to 310 MPa

2 records in the Silver-palladium contact alloy (Ag70Pd30) profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Tin bronze C90500 (SAE 62 gunmetal)Copper alloys · 3 records 276 to 310 MPa

3 records in the Tin bronze C90500 (SAE 62 gunmetal) profile; 3 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), biaxially oriented film…Polymers · 3 records 200 to 300 MPa

3 records in the Polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), biaxially oriented film and engineering resin profile; 3 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxideComposites and fibres · 2 records 76 to 293 MPa

2 records in the Graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Aluminium alloy 5754Aluminium and magnesium · 3 records 190 to 290 MPa

3 records in the Aluminium alloy 5754 profile; 3 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

BerylliumOther metals · 1 record 290 MPa

1 record in the Beryllium profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Magnesium alloy AZ31BAluminium and magnesium · 1 record 290 MPa

1 record in the Magnesium alloy AZ31B profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Aluminium alloy 5052Aluminium and magnesium · 5 records 193 to 290 MPa

5 records in the Aluminium alloy 5052 profile; 5 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Aluminium honeycomb core (Hexcel HexWeb CR III, 5052 and…Composites and fibres · 1 record 290 MPa

1 record in the Aluminium honeycomb core (Hexcel HexWeb CR III, 5052 and 5056) profile; 1 sets the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Aluminium alloy 5251Aluminium and magnesium · 4 records 160 to 285 MPa

4 records in the Aluminium alloy 5251 profile; 4 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Gold-tin eutectic solder (Au80Sn20)Other metals · 2 records 270 to 280 MPa

2 records in the Gold-tin eutectic solder (Au80Sn20) profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Magnesium alloy EV31A (Elektron 21)Aluminium and magnesium · 5 records 192 to 280 MPa

5 records in the Magnesium alloy EV31A (Elektron 21) profile; 3 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Aluminium-boron carbide composite (Metamic, BORAL)Composites and fibres · 5 records · highest is 4 times the lowest 68.9 to 277 MPa

5 records in the Aluminium-boron carbide composite (Metamic, BORAL) profile; 5 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

CopperCopper alloys · 1 record 179 to 262 MPa

1 record in the Copper profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Magnesium alloy AJ62Aluminium and magnesium · 3 records 225 to 258 MPa

3 records in the Magnesium alloy AJ62 profile; 3 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

  • 225 MPa Tensile strength, HPDC as cast (F condition) temper F (as cast, high-pressure die cast)process high-pressure die casting (HPDC), same alloy lot as the rheo-diecast samplesspread ± 11.3 MPa (printed as mean ± standard deviation)temperature not stated Source: Microstructural characterisation and thermal stability of an…
  • 244 MPa Tensile strength, rheo-diecast as cast (F condition) temper F (as cast, rheo-diecast)process semisolid rheo-diecasting (RDC), one-step process from the BCAST groupspread ± 10.4 MPa (printed as mean ± standard deviation)temperature not stated Source: Microstructural characterisation and thermal stability of an…
  • 258 MPa Tensile strength, rheo-diecast after heat treatment (2 h at 450 °C) temper heat treated, 2 h at 450 °C after rheo-diecasting (the paper's row label is "Heat…process semisolid rheo-diecasting (RDC)spread ± 7.7 MPa (printed as mean ± standard deviation)temperature not stated Source: Microstructural characterisation and thermal stability of an…
Aluminium alloy 6063Aluminium and magnesium · 8 records 150 to 241 MPa

8 records in the Aluminium alloy 6063 profile; 8 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Kapton HPP-ST polyimide filmPolymers · 2 records 165 to 231 MPa

2 records in the Kapton HPP-ST polyimide film profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Multilayer insulation (MLI) blanket, aluminized Mylar…Composites and fibres · 2 records 179 to 231 MPa

2 records in the Multilayer insulation (MLI) blanket, aluminized Mylar and Kapton profile; 2 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

  • 231 MPa Ultimate tensile strength, unmetallized Kapton HN polyimide film at 23 degC film unmetallized DuPont Kapton HN polyimide film (base film, not aluminized)temperature 23 degC (73 degF)test ASTM D-882-91, Method Aprinted alternate 33,500 psigauges the 25, 50, 75 and 125 micrometre columns of Table 1 print the same value Source: DuPont Kapton HN polyimide film: technical datasheet (copy hosted on…
  • 179 MPaprinted 26 kpsi Tensile strength (MD), Mylar A polyester film, 48 gauge, base film film Mylar A polyester (PET) film, 48 gauge, machine direction (base film, not aluminized)test ASTM D882Aprinted alternate none; the datasheet prints kpsi only, not MPa Source: Mylar A polyester film: technical datasheet, US customary units…
Cirlex all-polyimide laminatePolymers · 4 records 224 MPa

4 records in the Cirlex all-polyimide laminate profile; 1 sets the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Aluminium alloy 6101Aluminium and magnesium · 3 records 85 to 221 MPa

3 records in the Aluminium alloy 6101 profile; 3 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

PolyphthalamidePolymers · 4 records 210 to 220 MPa

4 records in the Polyphthalamide profile; 3 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Aluminium alloy 3103Aluminium and magnesium · 6 records 90 to 210 MPa

6 records in the Aluminium alloy 3103 profile; 6 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), including biaxially…Polymers · 2 records 190 to 210 MPa

2 records in the Polyethylene terephthalate (PET), including biaxially oriented film (Mylar) profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

ThuliumOther metals · 1 record 210 MPa

1 record in the Thulium profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Kapton FN polyimide film (FEP-coated)Polymers · 6 records 162 to 207 MPa

6 records in the Kapton FN polyimide film (FEP-coated) profile; 3 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Leaded tin bronze C93800 (SAE 67, high-leaded tin bronze)Copper alloys · 2 records 172 to 207 MPa

2 records in the Leaded tin bronze C93800 (SAE 67, high-leaded tin bronze) profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Sterling silverOther metals · 2 records 184 to 207 MPa

2 records in the Sterling silver profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Aluminium alloy 3003Aluminium and magnesium · 6 records 96.5 to 207 MPa

6 records in the Aluminium alloy 3003 profile; 6 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Rogers RO4350B hydrocarbon-ceramic laminateComposites and fibres · 2 records 130 to 203 MPa

2 records in the Rogers RO4350B hydrocarbon-ceramic laminate profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Gold-germanium eutectic (Au88Ge12)Other metals · 2 records 185 to 202 MPa

2 records in the Gold-germanium eutectic (Au88Ge12) profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Polyphenylene sulfidePolymers · 2 records 179 to 200 MPa

2 records in the Polyphenylene sulfide profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Aluminium alloy 8011Aluminium and magnesium · 1 record 180 to 195 MPa

1 record in the Aluminium alloy 8011 profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

SiAlON (silicon aluminium oxynitride)Ceramics and crystals · 1 record 193 MPa

1 record in the SiAlON (silicon aluminium oxynitride) profile; 1 sets the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

GadoliniumOther metals · 1 record 193 MPa

1 record in the Gadolinium profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Leaded tin bronze C94300 (high-leaded tin bronze)Copper alloys · 2 records 145 to 185 MPa

2 records in the Leaded tin bronze C94300 (high-leaded tin bronze) profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Silver-bearing copper (CuAg0,10 OF)Copper alloys · 1 record 180 MPa

1 record in the Silver-bearing copper (CuAg0,10 OF) profile; 1 sets the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Aluminium 8079Aluminium and magnesium · 3 records 45 to 175 MPa

3 records in the Aluminium 8079 profile; 3 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Self-reinforced polymer composites and aramid compositesComposites and fibres · 4 records · highest is 23 times the lowest 7.7 to 174 MPa

4 records in the Self-reinforced polymer composites and aramid composites profile; 3 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

  • 174 MPa Tensile strength along the fibres, UHMWPE SRC, 155 C and 25 MPa, regime 1 fibre UHMWPE, SGX (DSM Dyneema), 220 dtexform self-reinforced composite, hot compacted, longitudinal specimenstemperature 155 C compactionpressure 25 MPa compactionprocess regime 1 as printed in the table Source: On the Structural Peculiarities of Self-Reinforced Composite…
  • 7.7 MPa Tensile strength across the fibres, UHMWPE SRC, 155 C and 25 MPa, regime 1 fibre UHMWPE, SGX (DSM Dyneema), 220 dtexform self-reinforced composite, hot compacted, transverse specimenstemperature 155 C compactionpressure 25 MPa compactionprocess regime 1 as printed in the table Source: On the Structural Peculiarities of Self-Reinforced Composite…
  • 40 MPa Tensile strength, unfilled UHMW-PE sheet (matrix grade) grade TIVAR 1000, unfilled UHMW-PE sheettemperature room temperature (not stated)test ASTM D638 Source: TIVAR 1000 UHMW-PE: Mitsubishi Chemical Advanced Materials (formerly…
  • 3,000 MPa Tensile strength of Kevlar 49 yarn, straight test on conditioned yarn fibre Kevlar 49 yarn, 1,140 denier, 768 filamentsstate conditioned yarn, straight testtemperature not stated in the row Source: Technical Guide for Kevlar Aramid Fiber (DuPont), copy hosted by a… Not in the bar: a fibre or filament test; this profile mostly holds bulk records, which set the bar.
Liquid crystal polymerPolymers · 1 record 55 to 165 MPa

1 record in the Liquid crystal polymer profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Aluminium alloy 2319Aluminium and magnesium · 3 records 160 MPa

3 records in the Aluminium alloy 2319 profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

  • 160 MPa Tensile strength Rm, 2319 filler wire (approximate) product 2319 welding wire (filler)temperature 20 °Cbasis approximate valuesweld condition not stated Source: MasterWeld MW-2319 AlCu6MnZrTi aluminium welding wire
  • 269 MPaprinted 269 MN/m2 Tensile strength, 2319 all-weld-metal deposit, as welded, 25.6 °C product all-weld-metal deposit of 2319 filler, TIG, 6.35 mm 2219-T87 plate (a weld deposit,…temperature +78 °F (+25.6 °C)weld condition as welded, no post-weld treatmenttravel speed 15.25 cm/min carriage speedparent alloy 2219-T87 Source: NASA TM X-64659: Improved TIG-Weld Joint Strength in Aluminum Alloy… Not in the bar: weld metal, not the parent material.
  • 512 MPaprinted 512 MN/m2 Tensile strength, 2319 all-weld-metal deposit, as welded, -423 °F (-252.8 °C) product all-weld-metal deposit of 2319 filler, TIG, 6.35 mm 2219-T87 plate (a weld deposit,…temperature -423 °F (-252.8 °C)weld condition as welded, no post-weld treatmenttravel speed 15.25 cm/min carriage speedparent alloy 2219-T87 Source: NASA TM X-64659: Improved TIG-Weld Joint Strength in Aluminum Alloy… Not in the bar: tested at -253 °C, not near room temperature.
Magnesium (pure metal)Aluminium and magnesium · 1 record 140 to 160 MPa

1 record in the Magnesium (pure metal) profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

PolybenzimidazolePolymers · 1 record 160 MPa

1 record in the Polybenzimidazole profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Pyrolytic boron nitride (pBN)Ceramics and crystals · 2 records 154 MPa

2 records in the Pyrolytic boron nitride (pBN) profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Zinc minor alloys (rolled titanium-zinc, zinc-nickel…Other metals · 2 records 150 MPa

2 records in the Zinc minor alloys (rolled titanium-zinc, zinc-nickel plating, zinc-aluminium-magnesium coatings) profile; 2 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Aluminium alloy 1050Aluminium and magnesium · 8 records 60 to 145 MPa

8 records in the Aluminium alloy 1050 profile; 8 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Polybutylene terephthalate, 30% glass fibre reinforced…Composites and fibres · 4 records 112 to 145 MPa

4 records in the Polybutylene terephthalate, 30% glass fibre reinforced (PBT-GF30) profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Polyamide-imidePolymers · 2 records 113 to 138 MPa

2 records in the Polyamide-imide profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

PolyetherketoneketonePolymers · 2 records 93.9 to 116 MPa

2 records in the Polyetherketoneketone profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Polyetheretherketone, 30 % carbon fibre reinforced…Composites and fibres · 1 record 112 MPa

1 record in the Polyetheretherketone, 30 % carbon fibre reinforced (TECAPEEK CF30 black) profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Polyphenylene oxidePolymers · 1 record 112 MPa

1 record in the Polyphenylene oxide profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Polyvinyl fluoride (clear Tedlar)Polymers · 1 record 55.2 to 110 MPa

1 record in the Polyvinyl fluoride (clear Tedlar) profile; 1 sets the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Muscovite micaComposites and fibres · 1 record 110 MPa

1 record in the Muscovite mica profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Polycarbonate, glass fibre reinforced (LEXAN 3412R 20%…Composites and fibres · 1 record 110 MPa

1 record in the Polycarbonate, glass fibre reinforced (LEXAN 3412R 20% and LEXAN 3413R 30%) profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Polyamide 46 (nylon 46)Polymers · 3 records 55 to 103 MPa

3 records in the Polyamide 46 (nylon 46) profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

CeriumOther metals · 1 record 102 MPa

1 record in the Cerium profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

PTFE-coated glass fabric (Teflon-coated fibreglass)Polymers · 3 records 102 MPa

3 records in the PTFE-coated glass fabric (Teflon-coated fibreglass) profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Osprey CE7 silicon-aluminium alloyAluminium and magnesium · 2 records 100 MPa

2 records in the Osprey CE7 silicon-aluminium alloy profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Polyamide 6, 30 % glass fibre reinforced (PA6-GF30)Composites and fibres · 2 records 98 MPa

2 records in the Polyamide 6, 30 % glass fibre reinforced (PA6-GF30) profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Polyamide 66, 30% glass fibre reinforced (PA66-GF30,…Composites and fibres · 3 records 89.6 to 93.1 MPa

3 records in the Polyamide 66, 30% glass fibre reinforced (PA66-GF30, Nylatron GF30, TECAMID 66 GF30) profile; 2 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Phenolic resin (phenol-formaldehyde; Bakelite and…Polymers · 3 records 62 to 93.1 MPa

3 records in the Phenolic resin (phenol-formaldehyde; Bakelite and phenolic laminates) profile; 3 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

MacorCeramics and crystals · 1 record 90 MPa

1 record in the Macor profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Colorless polyimide CP1 filmPolymers · 1 record 87 MPa

1 record in the Colorless polyimide CP1 film profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Tin-antimony babbitt (tin-base bearing metal)Other metals · 2 records 77 to 87 MPa

2 records in the Tin-antimony babbitt (tin-base bearing metal) profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Vespel SP-1 (DuPont unfilled polyimide)Polymers · 3 records 72.4 to 86.2 MPa

3 records in the Vespel SP-1 (DuPont unfilled polyimide) profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

PolysulfonePolymers · 1 record 70.3 MPa

1 record in the Polysulfone profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

PolyphenylsulfonePolymers · 1 record 69.6 MPa

1 record in the Polyphenylsulfone profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Epoxy (epoxide)Polymers · 1 record 69 MPa

1 record in the Epoxy (epoxide) profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Parylene C conformal coatingComposites and fibres · 2 records 68.9 MPa

2 records in the Parylene C conformal coating profile; 2 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

YtterbiumOther metals · 1 record 68.9 MPa

1 record in the Ytterbium profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Sn42Bi58 low-temperature eutectic solderComposites and fibres · 3 records 55.2 to 66.9 MPa

3 records in the Sn42Bi58 low-temperature eutectic solder profile; 3 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Crystalline polyvinyl fluoride with white pigmentPolymers · 2 records 55 to 62 MPa

2 records in the Crystalline polyvinyl fluoride with white pigment profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Sn96.5Ag3.5 solder (tin-silver eutectic)Other metals · 2 records 57.6 to 61.4 MPa

2 records in the Sn96.5Ag3.5 solder (tin-silver eutectic) profile; 2 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymerPolymers · 3 records 28 to 60.4 MPa

3 records in the Ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer profile; 3 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Vespel SP-3 (15 % MoS2 polyimide)Composites and fibres · 1 record 58.5 MPa

1 record in the Vespel SP-3 (15 % MoS2 polyimide) profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Tin-antimony solder Sn95/Sb5 (lead-free step solder)Composites and fibres · 2 records 20.6 to 56.2 MPa

2 records in the Tin-antimony solder Sn95/Sb5 (lead-free step solder) profile; 2 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Cellulose acetate (CA) and cellulose acetate butyrate…Polymers · 2 records 20 to 55.2 MPa

2 records in the Cellulose acetate (CA) and cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB), cellulose esters for films, fibres, moulded parts and coatings profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylenePolymers · 2 records 48.3 to 55.2 MPa

2 records in the Ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene profile; 2 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Tin-zinc (Sn91Zn9 eutectic) and tin-bismuth (Sn42Bi58)…Other metals · 2 records 54.7 to 55.2 MPa

2 records in the Tin-zinc (Sn91Zn9 eutectic) and tin-bismuth (Sn42Bi58) low-temperature solders profile; 2 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Polyamide 11 (nylon 11, PA11)Polymers · 2 records 48 to 55 MPa

2 records in the Polyamide 11 (nylon 11, PA11) profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

General-purpose polystyrene (GPPS) and high-impact…Polymers · 3 records 13.8 to 53 MPa

3 records in the General-purpose polystyrene (GPPS) and high-impact polystyrene (HIPS) profile; 3 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Polylactic acid (PLA), polylactide, including Ingeo…Polymers · 5 records 24 to 53 MPa

5 records in the Polylactic acid (PLA), polylactide, including Ingeo grades for injection moulding, extrusion and 3D printing profile; 5 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Lead alloys other than antimonial lead (Pb-Sn-Ag,…Other metals · 4 records 24.8 to 52.5 MPa

4 records in the Lead alloys other than antimonial lead (Pb-Sn-Ag, Pb-Sn-Sb, Pb-Bi, Pb-Se) profile; 4 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Tin-lead solder (Sn63/Pb37 eutectic and Sn60/Pb40)Other metals · 3 records 43 to 52.5 MPa

3 records in the Tin-lead solder (Sn63/Pb37 eutectic and Sn60/Pb40) profile; 3 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB, Tenite Butyrate), a…Polymers · 2 records 33.8 to 47.6 MPa

2 records in the Cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB, Tenite Butyrate), a tough cellulose ester thermoplastic profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Cyclic olefin copolymerPolymers · 1 record 46 MPa

1 record in the Cyclic olefin copolymer profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

LOCTITE EA 9394 AERO (Hysol EA 9394) epoxy paste adhesivePolymers · 1 record 46 MPa

1 record in the LOCTITE EA 9394 AERO (Hysol EA 9394) epoxy paste adhesive profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Polyamide 12 (nylon 12, PA12)Polymers · 3 records 45 to 46 MPa

3 records in the Polyamide 12 (nylon 12, PA12) profile; 2 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Rose's metal, Newton's metal, Field's metal and the…Other metals · 1 record 44.1 MPa

1 record in the Rose's metal, Newton's metal, Field's metal and the bismuth-lead and bismuth-tin eutectics profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Antimonial leadOther metals · 2 records 34.8 to 40 MPa

2 records in the Antimonial lead profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

  • 34.8 to 38.9 MParange Ultimate tensile strength, Pb-3.5Sb-0.23As grid alloy, as cast alloy Pb-3.5 wt% Sb-0.23 wt% Asform as-cast grid alloy, room temperaturecooling casting mold preheated between 50 and 170 degCtest TIRAtest 2300 at a crosshead speed of 10 mm/min Source: Comparison of Sn and As effect on tensile properties of Pb-3.5%Sb…
  • 38.9 to 40 MParange Ultimate tensile strength, Pb-3.5Sb-0.5Sn-0.16As grid alloy, as cast alloy Pb-3.5 wt% Sb-0.5 wt% Sn-0.16 wt% Asform as-cast grid alloy, room temperaturecooling casting mold preheated between 75 and 165 degC for this alloytest TIRAtest 2300 at a crosshead speed of 10 mm/min Source: Comparison of Sn and As effect on tensile properties of Pb-3.5%Sb…
Balsa wood (Ochroma pyramidale)Composites and fibres · 1 record 16.3 to 40 MPa

1 record in the Balsa wood (Ochroma pyramidale) profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

PolyurethanePolymers · 3 records · highest is 16 times the lowest 2.5 to 40 MPa

3 records in the Polyurethane profile; 3 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylenePolymers · 1 record 40 MPa

1 record in the Ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

SAC305 solder (Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu)Other metals · 2 records 29.7 to 39.6 MPa

2 records in the SAC305 solder (Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu) profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

PolychlorotrifluoroethylenePolymers · 3 records 32 to 39 MPa

3 records in the Polychlorotrifluoroethylene profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), with…Polymers · 3 records 30 to 38 MPa

3 records in the Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate), with the PHB/PHV copolymer (PHBV) for comparison profile; 3 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Polyvinyl chloridePolymers · 3 records 13.1 to 33 MPa

3 records in the Polyvinyl chloride profile; 3 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

PolyethylenePolymers · 2 records 21 to 30 MPa

2 records in the Polyethylene profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Rogers RT/duroid 5880 PTFE laminateComposites and fibres · 4 records 27 to 29 MPa

4 records in the Rogers RT/duroid 5880 PTFE laminate profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Amorphous fluoropolymer (Teflon AF)Polymers · 2 records 26.9 to 28.4 MPa

2 records in the Amorphous fluoropolymer (Teflon AF) profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

PolymethylpentenePolymers · 1 record 25 MPa

1 record in the Polymethylpentene profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Hydrogenated nitrile rubber (HNBR)Polymers · 2 records 21.6 to 23.4 MPa

2 records in the Hydrogenated nitrile rubber (HNBR) profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Tetrafluoroethylene-propylene rubber (FEPM, Aflas)Polymers · 4 records 11 to 23 MPa

4 records in the Tetrafluoroethylene-propylene rubber (FEPM, Aflas) profile; 4 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Borated polyethyleneComposites and fibres · 2 records 16.6 to 21 MPa

2 records in the Borated polyethylene profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Perfluoroalkoxy alkanePolymers · 2 records 21 MPa

2 records in the Perfluoroalkoxy alkane profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

  • 21 MPa Tensile strength at break, Teflon PFA film (ASTM D882) test standard ASTM D882temperature 25 °Cform 0.050 mm (2 mil) film Source: Teflon PFA Fluoropolymer Film Properties Bulletin
  • 130 MPa Tensile strength at -198 °C (liquid nitrogen temperature) temperature -198 °Cgrade Fluon PFA P-66P Source: Fluon PFA Technical Brochure Not in the bar: tested at -198 °C, not near room temperature.
Silvered FEP TeflonComposites and fibres · 1 record 21 MPa

1 record in the Silvered FEP Teflon profile; 1 sets the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Fluorinated ethylene propylenePolymers · 1 record 20 MPa

1 record in the Fluorinated ethylene propylene profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Nitrile rubber (NBR, Buna-N)Polymers · 2 records 12 to 19 MPa

2 records in the Nitrile rubber (NBR, Buna-N) profile; 2 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Aliphatic polyketone (PK, POKETONE, AKROTEK PK)Polymers · 1 record 19 MPa

1 record in the Aliphatic polyketone (PK, POKETONE, AKROTEK PK) profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber (EPDM)Polymers · 2 records 10.5 to 17 MPa

2 records in the Ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber (EPDM) profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Perfluoroelastomer (FFKM, Kalrez)Polymers · 1 record 16.9 MPa

1 record in the Perfluoroelastomer (FFKM, Kalrez) profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Regolith-polymer composite (80:20 LHS-1 lunar highlands…Composites and fibres · 2 records 15.2 MPa

2 records in the Regolith-polymer composite (80:20 LHS-1 lunar highlands simulant with PLA, fused-filament printed) profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

IG-110 isotropic graphiteComposites and fibres · 1 record 14.9 MPa

1 record in the IG-110 isotropic graphite profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Low-density polyethylene (LDPE)Polymers · 2 records 10 to 13.4 MPa

2 records in the Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) profile; 2 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Indium-tin and indium-silver soldersOther metals · 2 records 5 to 12 MPa

2 records in the Indium-tin and indium-silver solders profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Low-outgassing silicone RTV (DOWSIL 93-500 space-grade…Polymers · 1 record 7 MPa

1 record in the Low-outgassing silicone RTV (DOWSIL 93-500 space-grade encapsulant) profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), Sylgard 184 and silicone…Polymers · 1 record 6.7 MPa

1 record in the Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), Sylgard 184 and silicone elastomer profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Fluorosilicone rubber (FVMQ)Polymers · 1 record 6.5 MPa

1 record in the Fluorosilicone rubber (FVMQ) profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Momentive RTV566 low-outgassing siliconePolymers · 1 record 5.5 MPa

1 record in the Momentive RTV566 low-outgassing silicone profile; 1 sets the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

IndiumOther metals · 1 record 2.6 to 4.5 MPa

1 record in the Indium profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymerPolymers · 2 records 2.3 to 4 MPa

2 records in the Ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Cork thermal protection (Amorim P45/P50, SLA-561 heritage)Composites and fibres · 4 records 0.86 to 1.7 MPa

4 records in the Cork thermal protection (Amorim P45/P50, SLA-561 heritage) profile; 4 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Phenolic Impregnated Carbon AblatorComposites and fibres · 2 records · highest is 6 times the lowest 0.3 to 1.7 MPa

2 records in the Phenolic Impregnated Carbon Ablator profile; 2 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

Silver-aluminium filled conductive elastomer (EMI gasket)Composites and fibres · 2 records 1.2 to 1.4 MPa

2 records in the Silver-aluminium filled conductive elastomer (EMI gasket) profile; 2 set the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

AETB-8 rigid tile (alumina enhanced thermal barrier)Composites and fibres · 5 records 0.14 to 0.44 MPa

5 records in the AETB-8 rigid tile (alumina enhanced thermal barrier) profile; 5 set the bar. Values printed in ksi or psi are converted to MPa. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

  • 0.44 MPaprinted 63.9 psi Ultimate tensile strength, in-plane, modern fibres (2025 deck) fibre modern fibressample count 46uncertainty ±5.8 psispecification all samples 65 psi or more, as printed in the deck Source: Modernization of Insulative Reusable Thermal Protection Systems…
  • 0.21 MPaprinted 30.7 psi Ultimate tensile strength, through-the-thickness, modern fibres (2025 deck) fibre modern fibressample count 75uncertainty ±2.7 psispecification all samples 35 psi or more, as printed in the deck Source: Modernization of Insulative Reusable Thermal Protection Systems…
  • 0.44 MPaprinted 63.4 psi Ultimate tensile strength, in-plane, heritage fibres (2025 deck) fibre heritage fibres (raw materials bought for the Shuttle programme in the 1990s)sample count 9uncertainty ±17.0 psispecification all samples 65 psi or more, as printed in the deck Source: Modernization of Insulative Reusable Thermal Protection Systems…
  • 0.24 MPaprinted 34.9 psi Ultimate tensile strength, through-the-thickness, heritage fibres (2025 deck) fibre heritage fibres (raw materials bought for the Shuttle programme in the 1990s)sample count 8uncertainty ±6.6 psispecification all samples 35 psi or more, as printed in the deck Source: Modernization of Insulative Reusable Thermal Protection Systems…
  • 0.14 MPaprinted 20 psi Ultimate tensile strength, through-the-thickness, bottom of as-fired billet, cold setter plate (2025 deck) setter plate cold (room-temperature LI-2200 setter plate)billet location bottom (as-fired)direction through-the-thicknessuncertainty ±4.7 psiunit note printed in psi, not converted Source: Modernization of Insulative Reusable Thermal Protection Systems…
Mycelium-bound compositeComposites and fibres · 1 record 0.42 MPa

1 record in the Mycelium-bound composite profile; 1 sets the bar. Conditions are shortened here; the profile has them in full.

bar: lowest to highest value in the profile tick: each record's own value diamond: one value hatched: fibre, yarn or filament tests
9 profiles have a tensile record but no value we can rank

Rule for the bars: of 1,181 tensile records in 363 profiles, 1,026 set a bar. The other 155 stay in their drawers with the reason (high or low temperature, weld metal, calculated, fibre or bulk mismatch, wear, or not a stress).

What are the highest tensile strengths, and what is each number?

The highest bulk entry is Nickel aluminide at 2,900 MPa (nano form of Ni3Al as tabulated), per Applications of Ni3Al Based Intermetallic Alloys. Fibre and yarn tests reach 5,800 MPa for Poly(p-phenylene-2,6-benzobisoxazole) fibre (Zylon), per Wikipedia. These values belong to a specific product and condition, not to the plain material, so each table row names the temper, direction or form that sets it.

Bulk materials

The twelve highest bulk entries, with the record behind each value. Rank is the place in the league.
RankMaterialHighest tensile strength, MPaCondition of that recordSourceLowest in the same profile, MPa
2Boron nitride nanotubes38,000individual HTP-BNNT tube, tested one tube at a timeBoron Nitride Nanotube14,000
6AGY S-2 Glass fibre and S-2 glass composites4,890fibre; form not statedAGY ZenTron S-2 Generic S-Glass Fiber datasheet4,890
9Astroquartz II and III (pure silica quartz fabric)3,600impregnated strand on 20-end rovingJPS Industries Astroquartz data book, 2017 edition3,600
10Vectran (LCP fibre HT and UM)3,200Vectran HTTechnical Data Sheet, LCP Fibers, Vectran HT2,900
13Dyneema and Spectra HMPE fibre…3,000Dyneema SK Crimped Staple, 2.0 dpfMiniFIBERS technical data sheet, Dyneema SK Crimped Staple3,000
16Nickel aluminide2,900nano form of Ni3Al as tabulatedApplications of Ni3Al Based Intermetallic Alloys2,300
17Carbon-fibre reinforced epoxy (CFRP)2,724unidirectional, 0 degrees; IM7HexPly 8552 mid-toughened, high strength, damage-resistant, structural…64
18Hexcel IM7/8552 carbon-epoxy prepreg2,724dry; unidirectional IM7/8552 prepreg, curedHexPly 8552 Product Data Sheet, EU edition64
19Phynox2,620spring temper after cold rolling, then aged per AMS 5876; stripElgiloy Specialty Metals, Specialty Metals Strip Products, Elgiloy689
20Havar2,275cold rolled and heat treatedHamilton Precision Metals965
21AISI 302 stainless steel (UNS S30200, EN 1.4310)2,200spring temper; approximate, as suppliedAlloy Wire International, Stainless Steel 302500
22Rene 41 (UNS N07041)2,124hot wire, per the pageHAYNES R-41 alloy1,138

Fibres, yarns and nanotubes

A fibre test measures one fibre, a bundle or a yarn, usually in the most favourable direction. The league hatches these bars, and its checkbox hides them.

Fibre, yarn and nanotube entries, with what was measured. Rank is the place in the league.
RankMaterialTensile strength range, MPaWhat was measuredSource of the highest value
1Carbon nanotubes50 to 80,0006 records, from macroscopic solution-spun filaments, as… to multi-wall tubes and bundles, as printed;…CNT assembly and yarn property review
3Hexcel HexTow IM7 carbon fibre4,501 to 6,1705 records, from continuous HexTow AS4 tow to continuous HexTow IM8 towHexTow IM8 Carbon Fiber Product Data Sheet
4Poly(p-phenylene-2,6-benzobisoxazole) fibre…4,780 to 5,8003 records, from yarn from a new unworn PBO vest of the… to secondary figure quoted in Wikipedia for…Wikipedia
5Carbon fibre (PAN-based, pitch-based) and…2,620 to 4,9005 records, from K63712, coal tar pitch-based carbon fibre,… to Torayca T700S (PAN-based), 12k and 24k…Torayca T700S Carbon Fiber Data Sheet
7Boron4,0004.0-mil boron fibre; typical value on the datasheetSpecialty Materials
8E-glass fibre2,600 to 3,8303 records, from E-glass glass type in a roving-fabric… to pristine E-glass fibre (sell sheet row…Higher Performance Composites sell sheet
11Basalt fibre (continuous)1,773 to 3,1003 records, from as-received basalt fibre, 12 μm diameter to basalt fibre, as printed in the properties…Basalt fiber
12Kevlar para-aramid fibre2,920 to 3,0403 records, from straight test on conditioned yarn, 1,500… to single-fibre tensile test, printed as 3.04…The tensile behavior of Kevlar 29 fibers
14MIRALON carbon nanotube yarn and sheet240 to 3,0005 records, from typical production batches, standard test… to spun CNT yarns, research achievement;…Carbon Nanotube Yarns and Sheets for Structural Components
15Technora (para/meta aramid copolymer fibre)2,500 to 3,0002 records, from stretch-broken yarn to filament yarnTeijin Technora brochure

What is the tensile strength of common materials?

ASTM A36 structural carbon steel has an ultimate tensile strength of 400 to 552 MPa as plate, bars and shapes, per SSAB. Aluminium alloy 6061 is 310 MPa in T6 and T651 temper, a typical value marked not for design, per ASM Material Data Sheet. Polyamide 12 (nylon 12, PA12) is 45 to 46 MPa. The table gives 22 materials with the condition behind each range.

Ultimate tensile strength of common materials at room temperature or with no temperature stated, from the lowest to the highest printed value.
MaterialTensile strength, MPaRecords in the barWhat sets the rangeSource of the range
ASTM A36 structural carbon steel400 to 5522 of 42 records; open the row for each conditionSSAB
Carbon steel 1018430 to 4402 of 2from hot rolled to cold drawnMfgRobots and Carbon Steel Grade 1018 Data Sheet
Alloy steel AISI 4140 (chromium-molybdenum)745 to 1,2838 of 88 records; open the row for each conditionTechnical Reference on Hydrogen Compatibility of Materials
Stainless steel 304515 to 5202 of 22 records; open the row for each conditionOutokumpu
Stainless steel 316480 to 6203 of 3temper and form not stated in the recordsAZoM
Duplex stainless steel 2205655 to 9654 of 44 records; open the row for each conditionATI and Alleima
Gray cast iron (flake graphite iron)138 to 43112 of 1412 records; open the row for each conditionAlign Manufacturing and Wikipedia
Aluminium alloy 60613101 of 1one record: T6 and T651 (datasheet covers both)ASM Material Data Sheet
Aluminium alloy 7075-T65721 of 1one record: T6Kaiser Aluminum, Tube and Pipe Alloy 7075 Technical Data
Commercially pure titanium, Grade 2 (UNS R50400)345 to 4833 of 33 records; open the row for each conditionASTM B265-08b and CP Grade 2 Technical Datasheet
Titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23)828 to 9533 of 4from annealed to 7.2 ks at 973 K, air-cooledTi-6Al-4V ELI titanium bar and plate datasheet and Cryogenic Mechanical Properties of Ti-6Al-4V Alloys with Three Levels of…
Inconel 7181,003 to 1,6344 of 4from 1300 F, same bar and heat treatment to -320 F, hot-rolled 5/8-in diameter…INCONEL alloy 718 datasheet, publication SMC-045
Copper179 to 2621 of 1one record: softTechnical Datasheet C10200
Free-cutting brass C36000330 to 4804 of 4from O60, annealed (soft) to H04, hardFisk Alloy, C36000 Free-Cutting Brass
Polyamide 12 (nylon 12, PA12)45 to 462 of 3temper and form not stated in the recordsFeinpolyamide PA 2200 for EOSINT P, EOS GmbH product information and Mechanical properties and fracture characterization of additive…
Polylactic acid (PLA), polylactide, including…24 to 535 of 55 records; open the row for each conditionIngeo Biopolymer 3D870 Technical Data Sheet, 3D printing monofilament and Ingeo Biopolymer 2003D Technical Data Sheet, fresh food packaging and…
Polyvinyl chloride13.1 to 333 of 3from pellets to Fainplast Compounds RK 320Teknor Apex APEX 90-R471U-70-NT Polyvinyl Chloride, Flexible and Fainplast Compounds RK 320 Rigid PVC, Extrusion Lead Free, producer data…
Polyethylene21 to 302 of 2from Recythen HDPE to Utec 3041 (PE-UHMW, Braskem)Recythen HDPE, Interseroh Dienstleistungs GmbH, material data center entry and Braskem Utec 3041 PE-UHMW data sheet, Material Data Center entry
Liquid crystal polymer55 to 1651 of 1one record: Vectra A950 rod, unfilledVectra A950 LCP rod, Goodfellow product page with property table
Polyamide-imide113 to 1382 of 22 records; open the row for each conditionTorlon 4301 polyamide-imide technical data sheet and TORLON 4203L and 4203 PAI, unreinforced, high impact resistance
Macor901 of 1one record: design-properties table on the pageMachinable glass ceramic
Sapphire (single-crystal alpha-alumina)275 to 4001 of 2one record: bulk single crystalValley Design

A range is the spread across tempers, product forms, directions and sources, not an uncertainty. The record count links to the material's row in the league; "3 of 4" means three records set the bar and one is left out with a reason.

Which material families are strongest in tension?

By median bar midpoint in MPa at room temperature, the metal families rank nickel and cobalt 844, steels 706, titanium 657, copper alloys 507, other metals 373, aluminium and magnesium 308. Polymers and elastomers sit near 51.7 MPa. The highest bulk entry in each family is shown below with the product and condition behind it. A median is a guide to where a family sits, not a property of any one material.

Ultimate tensile strength by material family, MPa. Median is the middle of the bar midpoints.
FamilyMaterials rankedLowest, MPaMedian, MPaHighest bulk, MPaWhich entry, and the state it is in
Steels58138 (Gray cast iron…)7062,200AISI 302 stainless steel (UNS…: spring temper
Nickel and cobalt42380 (Nickel)8442,900Nickel aluminide: nano form of Ni3Al as tabulated
Titanium16240 (Titanium…)6571,590Ti-15Mo (UNS R58150, ASTM…: ultrafine-grained, ECAP-Conform and drawing, then…
Aluminium and magnesium4045 (Aluminium 8079)308572Aluminium alloy 7075-T6: T6
Copper alloys30145 (Leaded tin bronze…)5071,550Beryllium copper: HT (TH04), precipitation age-hardened
Other metals532.6 (Indium)3732,000Metallic glass (amorphous…: Metglas 2605SA1
Polymers632.3 (Ethylene-vinyl…)51.73,600Astroquartz II and III (pure…: impregnated strand on 20-end roving
Composites and fibres480.14 (AETB-8 rigid tile…)17938,000Boron nitride nanotubes: individual HTP-BNNT tube, tested one tube at a time
Ceramics and crystals490 (Macor)173400Sapphire (single-crystal…: bulk single crystal

What does a tensile strength number mean in practice?

An ultimate tensile strength in MPa is the highest pulling stress a test bar carried before breaking, in one stated temper, form, direction and temperature. Stainless steel 301 ranges from 515 MPa annealed to 1,276 MPa full hard, per ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel, so the condition matters as much as the alloy. It is a ceiling for one test, not a safe working stress.

1. The condition matters as much as the alloy

The same material in different states: lowest and highest tensile strength in one profile, MPa.
MaterialLowest, MPaState at the low endHighest, MPaState at the high endRatio, highest over lowest
Alloy steel AISI 4340…745annealed at 810 C (as printed by eFunda)1,550quenched and tempered to condition Z* (asterisked:…2.1 times
Stainless steel 301515annealed1,276full hard2.5 times
AISI 302 stainless steel (UNS S30200,…500solution annealed2,200spring temper4.4 times
Beryllium copper410A (TB00), solution annealed1,550HT (TH04), precipitation age-hardened3.8 times
Phynox689annealed per AMS 58762,620spring temper after cold rolling, then aged per AMS 58763.8 times
Carbon-fibre reinforced epoxy (CFRP)64unidirectional, 90 degrees2,724unidirectional, 0 degrees42.6 times

Carbon-fibre reinforced epoxy (CFRP) pulled along the fibres carries 43 times the load of the same unidirectional laminate pulled across them: 2,724 against 64 MPa, per HexPly 8552 mid-toughened, high strength, damage-resistant, structural….

2. A minimum is not a typical value

196 of the 1026 records in the bars are printed as minimums, the value a supplier guarantees; the rest are typical values, ranges or do not say. Typical values run above minimums, so a bar that mixes both is wider than any one datasheet. Where two sources differ, the bar shows both: Stainless steel 316 is 480 to 620 MPa because ATI prints a 515 MPa minimum for plate, sheet and strip and AZoM prints a table of 480 to 620 MPa.

3. Temperature changes the number a lot

Haynes 214 cold-rolled and solution annealed sheet has a tensile strength of 975 MPa at room temperature, 756 MPa at 649 °C and 38 MPa at 1093 °C, per HAYNES 214 alloy, Haynes International brochure H-3008H. The league uses room-temperature or unstated-temperature records only, and leaves 101 records at other temperatures in their drawers.

4. A fibre is not a part

Toray T700S carbon fibre has a tensile strength of 4,900 MPa as a single fibre and 2,550 MPa in a Toray 2500 epoxy composite at 60 percent fibre by volume, per Torayca T700S Carbon Fiber Data Sheet. A fibre or yarn number describes the ingredient, not what can be built from it.

5. Strength alone is the wrong way to choose

What is the difference between tensile, yield, compressive and flexural strength?

Ultimate tensile strength is the highest stress a bar carries while pulled; yield strength is the stress at which a metal starts to stay bent. For Stainless steel 316 plate, sheet and strip, ATI prints a minimum yield strength of 205 MPa and a minimum tensile strength of 515 MPa, so yield is 40 percent of tensile. Compressive strength is measured by squeezing, flexural strength by bending a bar.

Tensile strength (ultimate)
The highest stress a bar carries while being pulled. This is what the league ranks.
Yield strength
The stress at which a metal starts to stretch permanently. Always lower than tensile strength.
Compressive strength
The stress at which a block fails when squeezed. For a brittle material it is far above tensile strength.
Flexural strength (bending, modulus of rupture)
The outer-surface stress when a bar breaks in bending. Ceramic and glass datasheets usually print this, because pulling a ceramic is hard to test.
What the three words mean on one curveSchematic of a ductile metal pulled in a tensile test. It is a drawing, not data.
Schematic stress-strain curve of a ductile metal Stress rises steeply with strain along a straight line to the yield point, then bends over and keeps rising more slowly to a peak, the ultimate tensile strength. After the peak the stress falls as the sample necks, until it breaks at the fracture point. Strain: how far the sample has stretched Stress: force per area Yield pointstays bent beyond here Ultimate tensile strengththe peak: the highest stress it carries Fractureit breaks springs backto its shape

Tensile strength is the peak of the curve. Yield strength is the knee, where the permanent change begins. Compressive strength comes from the same kind of test with the sample squeezed instead of pulled. Bending (flexural) strength comes from a bar loaded across two supports.

Yield is a share of tensile strength, and the share variesYield strength is 40 to 89 percent of tensile strength across these six products. The shaded part is the margin between a part bending for good and breaking.

up to yield: the metal springs back yield to tensile strength: it stays bent but keeps carrying load

Data behind this chart
Yield is a share of tensile strength, and the share varies
MaterialYield, MPaTensile, MPaYield as share of tensileSource
Stainless steel 316, plate, sheet and strip, minimum20551540%ATI
Duplex 2205, plate, sheet and strip, ASTM A24045065569%ATI
Carbon steel 1018, hot rolled, 23 °C24043056%mfgrobots
Titanium Grade 2, strip, sheet and plate, minimum27534580%ASTM B265 as printed
Aluminium 7075-T6, tube and pipe, typical50357288%Kaiser
Aluminium 6061, T6 and T651, typical27631089%ASM

Each pair is a yield and a tensile value for the same product from the same source: the share is 40 percent for Stainless steel 316 and 89 percent for Aluminium alloy 6061, per ASM Material Data Sheet. A part that must stay straight is limited by the yield figure. The full comparison is in yield strength versus tensile strength.

Why do ceramics and glass look weak in tension but strong in compression?

Pulling a brittle material opens tiny flaws into cracks, while squeezing closes them (general engineering knowledge, not shown by one record). Our records fit it: Boron carbide (Norbide hot pressed) is 425 MPa in bending and 2,900 MPa in compression, per Saint-Gobain Ceramics, Norbide Hot Pressed Boron Carbide Technical Data, and Aluminium nitride is 320 and 2,100 MPa, per Accuratus, Aluminum Nitride Material Properties. Only 4 of 90 ceramic, glass and crystal profiles hold a rankable tensile record.

The same ceramic, pulled or bent against squeezedLeft bars are tension where we hold it, bending otherwise. Right bars are compression. The gap is 2 to 6.8 times in these records.

  • Gray cast iron (EN-GJL-250)compression is 2.1 to 6.6 times the left value

    Both figures come from one source. The ratio runs from the lowest compression value over the highest tension value to the reverse.

  • Macor (machinable glass-ceramic)compression is 3.8 times the left value

    Tension and compression come from two different sources. The same datasheet as the compression figure prints 94 MPa in bending.

  • Boron carbide (hot pressed)compression is 6.8 times the left value

  • Aluminium nitridecompression is 6.6 times the left value

  • Structural graphite (fine grain)compression is 2 times the left value

Data behind this chart
The same ceramic, pulled or bent against squeezed
MaterialPulled or bent, MPaTestCompression, MPaCompression divided by the left value
Gray cast iron (EN-GJL-250)160 to 350tension753 to 1,0542.1 to 6.6 times
Macor (machinable glass-ceramic)90tension3453.8 times
Boron carbide (hot pressed)425bending2,9006.8 times
Aluminium nitride320bending2,1006.6 times
Structural graphite (fine grain)45bending902 times

Bending is not tension: the bar is loaded across two supports, only the lower surface is pulled, and the number depends on bar size. Direct tension tests on ceramics are rare. Two examples with a rankable tensile record are Sapphire (single-crystal alpha-alumina) at 275 to 400 MPa as a bulk crystal, per Valley Design, and Macor at 90 MPa, per Machinable glass ceramic. Any newer ceramic profile with a tensile record also appears in the league above. 28 ceramic, glass and crystal profiles hold a flexural strength.

Glass. No glass profile holds a tensile record. Borosilicate glass has a bending strength of 25 MPa under normal conditions and 7 MPa under safety conditions, per SCHOTT BOROFLOAT data sheet 0407. Aluminosilicate glass is above 800 MPa in bending after chemical strengthening, per Xensation technical details. The jump shows that the condition of the surface, not the formula, drives glass strength.

Silicon carbide. Silicon carbide has bending strengths of 346 MPa (NIST Structural Ceramics Database, entry Z00021) and 480 MPa (CoorsTek, Silicon Carbides datasheet), and one direct tensile figure of 160 MPa at 23 °C (NIST Structural Ceramics Database, entry Z00009), stored under a different benchmark name. The grades differ, so this is a pattern and not a ratio. Molybdenum disilicide has tensile records only at 1500 °C and above, so it is not ranked. For ceramic selection see alumina, silicon carbide and silicon nitride compared.

What data is missing from this tensile strength ranking?

155 of 1,181 tensile records are kept out of the bars, 9 profiles that store tensile strength under the benchmark name tensile_strength are not ranked yet, including Titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V (Grade 5), and no glass profile holds a tensile record. Test methods, minimum against typical values and specimen sizes also differ between sources. Each gap is listed below.

  • 9 profiles keep tensile strength under another benchmark name (tensile_strength) and are not in the league: Fluoroelastomer FKM (Viton), Neodymium-iron-boron sintered magnet…, Polyamide 6 (nylon 6), Polyetherimide, Kapton HN polyimide film, Poly(methyl methacrylate), Silicon carbide, Titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V (Grade 5), Magnesia-stabilised zirconia and other…. They include some of the most searched materials, such as Ti-6Al-4V, PMMA and nylon 6, and will join when the records are renamed.
  • Ceramics, glasses and crystals are thin. 86 of 90 such profiles have no rankable tensile record. Most hold bending or compressive strength instead.
  • Records left out of the bars: 101 at high or low temperature, 19 calculated, converted from hardness or an upper limit only, 2 weld metal, 3 after wear or exposure, 15 fibre against bulk mismatches, and 15 that are not a stress or not a material test. Each stays in its drawer with its reason.
  • 9 profiles with tensile records have nothing rankable, for example a weld-metal-only profile and refractory alloys measured only when hot. They are listed under the board.
  • Test methods differ. Specimen size, strain rate, direction and standard are not the same across sources, and a few records do not say which. The bars blend them: treat a bar as a map of where values sit, not a specification.
  • Unit conversion is ours. 231 records in the bars were printed in ksi, psi or similar and converted to MPa by Space Mushroom. The drawer shows both.
  • Not found in any source we hold: code allowable stresses, safety factors, statistical (A-basis, B-basis) values, fatigue and fracture-toughness comparison, density and price. Elastomers are rated by tensile stress at break, a different test from metals.
  • Nanotube and fibre numbers come from reviews and datasheets for lab or ideal cases. The calculated ideal value for a perfect single nanotube is left out of the bar.

Questions people ask about tensile strength

What has the highest tensile strength?

Poly(p-phenylene-2,6-benzobisoxazole) fibre (Zylon) yarn has the highest tested tensile strength in our data: 5,340 MPa for unworn virgin yarn, per NISTIR 7237 (NIST). Carbon fibre (PAN-based, pitch-based) and carbon/carbon reaches 4,900 MPa as bare filament, per Torayca T700S Carbon Fiber Data Sheet. A review reports Carbon nanotubes up to 80,000 MPa without stating the test method. The highest bulk metal entry is Nickel aluminide at 2,900 MPa, per Applications of Ni3Al Based Intermetallic Alloys.

What is the tensile strength of steel?

ASTM A36 structural carbon steel has a tensile strength of 400 to 552 MPa as plate, bars and shapes, per SSAB. Stainless steel 304 is 515 to 520 MPa annealed, per Outokumpu. Alloy steel AISI 4140 (chromium-molybdenum) spans 745 to 1,283 MPa across heat treatments. Across 58 steels and stainless steels the median bar midpoint is 706 MPa at room temperature.

Is aluminium or steel stronger in tension?

Steel is stronger grade for grade in our data. Aluminium alloy 6061 has a typical tensile strength of 310 MPa in T6 and T651 temper, marked not for design by ASM, and Aluminium alloy 7075-T6 is 572 MPa, per Kaiser Aluminum, Tube and Pipe Alloy 7075 Technical Data. ASTM A36 structural carbon steel is 400 to 552 MPa. Per kilogram the order can change, which the strongest lightweight metals article compares.

Is tensile strength the same as yield strength?

No. Yield strength is the stress at which a metal starts to stay bent; ultimate tensile strength is the highest stress it carries before breaking. In the six products compared here, yield is 40 to 89 percent of tensile strength at room temperature, for example 205 MPa yield against 515 MPa tensile for Stainless steel 316 plate, per ATI.

Why are ceramics and glass weak in tension but strong in compression?

General engineering knowledge, not shown by one record: tiny flaws open into cracks when the material is pulled and close when it is squeezed. Our records fit this. Boron carbide (Norbide hot pressed) is 425 MPa in bending and 2,900 MPa in compression, per Saint-Gobain Ceramics, Norbide Hot Pressed Boron Carbide Technical Data. Only 4 of 90 ceramic, glass and crystal profiles hold a tensile record we can rank.

How do I convert MPa to psi and ksi?

One ksi equals 6.894757 MPa, so multiply ksi by 6.895 to get MPa and divide MPa by 6.895 to get ksi; one psi equals 0.006894757 MPa. N/mm2 and MN/m2 equal MPa. In this ranking 231 of the 1026 records in the bars were printed in ksi, psi or similar units and converted by Space Mushroom; each drawer shows the printed value beside the converted one.

How was this tensile strength ranking made?

Space Mushroom read every ultimate_tensile_strength record in 363 material profiles (1,181 records) and drew a bar from the lowest to the highest value that is a measured or datasheet stress, taken at room temperature or with no temperature stated, on the material itself. Each profile page lists its sources, and a script checks the page's numbers against the records at build time.

Weld metal, values after wear or exposure and theoretical values are left out. If a profile has both fibre and bulk tests, the larger group sets the bar. Values in ksi, psi, kg/cm2 and similar are converted to MPa (1 ksi = 6.894757 MPa). The CSV has one row per record, with the reason when a record is left out. The profiles are drafted by AI assistants from cited pages. A named reviewer has not yet signed this article.

How to cite: Space Mushroom. "Tensile strength of common engineering materials, ranked." https://spacemushroom.com/articles/tensile-strength-of-materials-ranked/, data checked 1 November 2026.

Last checked 1 November 2026. Next review when a profile changes.

Updated