Leaded tin bronze C93800 (SAE 67, high-leaded tin bronze) C93800
Cast copper-tin-lead alloy: Cu 75.00-79.00 %, Pb 13.00-16.00 %, Sn 6.30-7.50 % (ASTM B505 composition)
Also known as UNS C93800, SAE CA938, SAE 67, ASTM B505, ASTM B505M, ASTM B271 · 2 more
Leaded tin bronze C93800 is a cast copper-tin-lead alloy with the UNS number C93800, also called SAE 67.
Evidence level
2 of 5
Lab-measured
- 0Predicted only. No one has made it, or no measurement exists.
- 1Calculated. Only calculated or predicted values from sources.
- 2Lab-measured. Measured properties with their conditions stated.
- 3Space-relevant tests. Measured in conditions relevant to space, such as vacuum or atomic oxygen.
- 4Ground-qualified. Qualified for an application on the ground.
- 5Flown or field-proven. Flight or field results exist.
Moderate-pressure strength
172 MPa
Centrifugal castings
207 MPa
Recipe, share of the weight
- Cu not statedCopper
- Pb not statedLead
- Sn not statedTin
Best for
Bearings and bushings that may lose their lubricating film, because the lead gives free cutting and lubricity (Wieland Concast)
Weakest at
Strength: 172 MPa minimum tensile strength under ASTM B505 and a typical hardness of 55 BHN (500 kg load)
Risk at a glance
- People Low. Lead content matters
- If it fails Moderate. Wear-induced corrosion under sliding contact in seawater
- Corrosion Moderate. In simulated seawater, active dissolution and corrosion-product films were the main corrosion mechanisms in a study of leaded tin bronze.
Quick facts: C93800
| Property | Value | Basis |
|---|---|---|
| Density | 9.25 g/cm³ | 1 sourced value |
| Yield strength | 83 to 110 MPa | 3 sourced values across conditions |
| Tensile strength | at least 172 MPa | 2 sourced values across conditions |
| Young's modulus | 72.4 GPa | 1 sourced value |
| Hardness (Brinell) | 55 BHN | 1 sourced value |
| Thermal conductivity | 52.3 W/m | 1 sourced value |
| Melting point | 316 to 943 °C | 3 sourced values across conditions |
| Specific heat | 377 J/kg | 1 sourced value |
What is the density of Leaded tin bronze C93800?
Leaded tin bronze C93800 has a density of 9.25 g/cm³. The source and test conditions are listed in the properties table on this page.
What is the thermal conductivity of Leaded tin bronze C93800?
Leaded tin bronze C93800 has a thermal conductivity of 52.3 W/m. The source and test conditions are listed in the properties table on this page.
What is the melting point of Leaded tin bronze C93800?
Leaded tin bronze C93800 has a melting point of 316 to 943 °C. The range covers 3 sourced values across the tempers, forms and test conditions the sources report; room-temperature values are used where a source states a temperature.
What is the yield strength of Leaded tin bronze C93800?
Leaded tin bronze C93800 has a yield strength of 83 to 110 MPa. The range covers 3 sourced values across the tempers, forms and test conditions the sources report; room-temperature values are used where a source states a temperature.
What is the tensile strength of Leaded tin bronze C93800?
Leaded tin bronze C93800 has a tensile strength of at least 172 MPa. The range covers 2 sourced values across the tempers, forms and test conditions the sources report; room-temperature values are used where a source states a temperature.
What are the other names and codes for Leaded tin bronze C93800?
Leaded tin bronze C93800 is also written as UNS C93800, SAE CA938, SAE 67, ASTM B505, ASTM B505M, ASTM B271. Each code is printed in the source listed beside it in the designations table.
What is Leaded tin bronze C93800 used for?
Uses recorded in the sources include Bearings and bushings; Acid-resisting pump bodies and impellers; Large ship bearings.
Why it exists
C93800 is a leaded tin bronze for bearings. The lead gives free cutting and lubricity, so the alloy keeps running when the lubricating film is lost, according to Concast. Its density is 9.25 g/cm3 at 20 °C, and its strength is modest: the ASTM B505 minimum is 172 MPa tensile strength and 110 MPa yield strength. The grade is chosen for bearings and pump parts in acid service, not for load-carrying structure.
Where it's used
Bearings and bushings
Concast lists bearings for freight cars, general service bearings for moderate pressure, industrial centrifuges and low-friction bushings as typical uses. The ASM Alloy Digest abstract lists bearings and bushings too.
Acid-resisting pump parts
Concast lists pump bodies and pump impellers for acid mine water, and acid-resisting applications, among its typical uses. It gives the alias Anti-Acid Metal.
Ship bearings
Concast lists large bearings for ships under its marine use, with no strength or corrosion data for that service.
Recipe
Cast copper-tin-lead alloy: Cu 75.00-79.00 %, Pb 13.00-16.00 %, Sn 6.30-7.50 % (ASTM B505 composition)
C93800 is a cast copper-tin-lead alloy, sold as high-leaded tin bronze. Its composition ranges are given in the ICAST SAE J462 and Concast tables. The grade is made by continuous casting to ASTM B505 or by centrifugal casting to ASTM B271, as the two datasheets show.
| Ingredient | Share of the weight | What it does |
|---|---|---|
| Copper Cu | not stated | The matrix of the bronze and the largest element by mass. |
| Lead Pb | not stated | Gives the alloy free cutting and lubricity, per the Concast sheet. |
| Tin Sn | not stated | The tin in the bronze alongside copper; the composition table gives the range. |
Weight shares are as printed in the sources.
What it can do
Bearing with lubrication at risk
The lead gives the alloy lubricity and free cutting, per Concast. No load-rating test was read for this grade.
Acid service
Concast lists acid-resisting uses and pump parts for acid mine water, but gives no corrosion rate for either.
Moderate-pressure strength
172 MPa
measured
The ASTM B505 minimum is 172 MPa tensile strength and 110 MPa yield strength for the continuous-cast product.
Centrifugal castings
207 MPa
measured
ASTM B271 centrifugal castings are listed at 207 MPa minimum tensile strength, 83 MPa minimum yield strength and 15 % minimum elongation.
How it compares
Against the other bronzes and alloys in this collection, C93800 is a bearing grade with low strength. Its ASTM B505 minimum tensile strength is 172 MPa and its typical hardness is 55 BHN. The centrifugal ASTM B271 minimum is higher at 207 MPa tensile, and the ICAST as-cast range for SAE J462 gives 97 to 110 MPa yield, so the casting route changes the numbers. The table compares the three rows of the strength and density that the sources give.
The same measurements for each material, so you can compare them. Each row names the key condition under the value; the full conditions and methods are in the numbered notes under Technical details. Other materials are shown beside it; each was measured under its own conditions, so open its page before comparing closely. Compare every grade in the family.
| Measurement | C93800 | Cu | C360 | C954 | C630 | BeCu | C510 | C260 | Cu-Ag | CuCrZr | CuNi 70/30 | C21000 | CW614N | C75200 | C521 | C655 | Cu-Te | Sn/Cu |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thermal behavior and safety | ||||||||||||||||||
| Melting point, liquidusValue printed in a manufacturer datasheet | 943 °C | 1083 °C | 954 °C | 1027 °C | 1060 °C | 870 °C | 954 to 1049 °C | 916 °C | no data | 1081 °C | 1170 to 1240 °C | 954 °C | 875 to 890 °C | 1060 to 1110 °C | 882 to 1027 °C | 971 to 1027 °C | 1080 °C | 231.9 °C |
| Melting point, solidusValue printed in a manufacturer datasheet | 854 °C | 1083 °C | 954 °C | 1027 °C | 1060 °C | 870 °C | 954 to 1049 °C | 916 °C | no data | 1081 °C | 1170 to 1240 °C | 954 °C | 875 to 890 °C | 1060 to 1110 °C | 882 to 1027 °C | 971 to 1027 °C | 1080 °C | 231.9 °C |
| Incipient meltingValue printed in a manufacturer datasheet | 316 °C | 1083 °C | 954 °C | 1027 °C | 1060 °C | 870 °C | 954 to 1049 °C | 916 °C | no data | 1081 °C | 1170 to 1240 °C | 954 °C | 875 to 890 °C | 1060 to 1110 °C | 882 to 1027 °C | 971 to 1027 °C | 1080 °C | 231.9 °C |
| Thermal conductivity | 52.3 W/m4 | 391 W/(m·K) | 116 W/(m·K) | 58.7 W/(m·K) | 63 W/(m·K) | 105 W/(m·K) | 84 W/(m·K) | 121.2 W/(m·K) | no data | 323 W/(m·K) | 29 W/(m·K) | 234 W/(m·K) | 123 W/(m·K) | 32 W/(m·K) | 67 W/(m·K) | 36.3 W/(m.K) | 355 W/(m·K) | 66.6 W/(m·K) |
| specific heat | 377.1 J/kg5 | 0.394 kJ/(kg·K) | no data | 419 J/(kg·K) | 452 J/(kg·K) | no data | 0.38 J/(g·°C) | 377.1 J/(kg·K) | no data | 0.383 kJ/(kg·K) | 377 J/(kg·K) | 0.38 J/(g·K) | 380 J/(kg·K) | 380 J/(kg·K) | 0.377 kJ/(kg·K) | 376.8 J/(kg.K) | 385.5 J/(kg·K) | no data |
| Physical and electrical | ||||||||||||||||||
| Density, C93800 (CDA physical properties) | 9.25 g/cm³1 | 8.9 g/cm³ | 8.5 g/cm³ | 7.45 g/cm³ | 7.58 g/cm³ | 8.36 g/cm³ | 8.86 g/cm³ | 8.53 g/cm³ | no data | 8.94 g/cm³ | 8.94 g/cm³ | 8.86 g/cm³ | 8.46 g/cm³ | 8.7 g/cm³ | 8.79 g/cm³ | 8.53 g/cm³ | 8.94 g/cm³ | 7.28 g/cm³ |
| Electrical conductivity at 20 °C | 0.066 MegaSiemens/cm2 | 58 MS/m | 26 %IACS | 13 %IACS | 7 %IACS | 25 to 30 %IACS | 15 %IACS | 28 %IACS | > 58 MS/m | > 46.4 MS/m | no data | 56 %IACS | 25 %IACS | 6 %IACS | 13 %IACS | 7 %IACS | 93 %IACS | 58 MS/m |
| Electrical conductivity, relative to annealed copper | 11 % IACS3 | 58 MS/m | 26 %IACS | 13 %IACS | 7 %IACS | 25 to 30 %IACS | 15 %IACS | 28 %IACS | > 58 MS/m | > 46.4 MS/m | no data | 56 %IACS | 25 %IACS | 6 %IACS | 13 %IACS | 7 %IACS | 93 %IACS | 58 MS/m |
| Brinell hardness, typical (500 kg load) | 55 BHN10 | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data | no data | 76 BHN | no data |
| Other measurements | ||||||||||||||||||
| Modulus of elasticity in tension | 72400 MPa6 | 117 GPa | no data | 1.07×10^5 MPa | 117 GPa | 131 GPa | 110 GPa | 1.1×10^5 MPa | no data | 117 GPa | no data | 117 GPa | 97 GPa | 135 GPa | 115 GPa | 1.03×10^5 MPa | 1.17×10^5 MPa | 50 GPa |
| Tensile strength, minimum (continuous cast, ASTM B505/B505M-23) | > 172 MPa7 | 179 to 262 MPa | > 330 MPa | > 586 MPa | > 585 MPa | 410 to 590 MPa | > 485 MPa | 324 MPa | 180 N/mm2 | 480 to 560 MPa | 358 to 414 MPa | 235 MPa | > 360 MPa | 370 to 430 MPa | 475 to 580 MPa | 538 MPa | > 260 MPa | no data |
| Yield strength at 0.5 % extension under load, minimum (continuous cast, ASTM B505/B505M-23) | > 110 MPa8 | 69 MPa | > 130 MPa | > 221 MPa | > 295 MPa | 130 to 250 MPa | 550 MPa | 103 MPa | no data | > 450 MPa | 124 to 179 MPa | no data | > 220 MPa | no data | > 350 MPa | 310 MPa | > 205 MPa | no data |
| Elongation in 2 in or 50 mm, minimum (continuous cast, ASTM B505/B505M-23) | > 5 %9 | 35 % | > 15 % | > 12 % | > 10 % | 20 to 75 % | > 13 % | 62 % | > 37 % | > 10 % | 30 to 45 % | 45 % | > 20 % | 40 % | > 25 % | 17 % | > 8 % | no data |
| Machinability rating (CDA)Rating printed in a manufacturer datasheet | 80 - | no data | 100 % | 60 - | no data | no data | no data | 30 % | no data | no data | no data | 20 % | 100 % | no data | no data | no data | 85 - | no data |
| Yield strength, as cast (SAE J462, CA938)Range printed in a standards-listing datasheet | 97 to 110 MPa11 | 69 MPa | > 130 MPa | > 221 MPa | > 295 MPa | 130 to 250 MPa | 550 MPa | 103 MPa | no data | > 450 MPa | 124 to 179 MPa | no data | > 220 MPa | no data | > 350 MPa | 310 MPa | > 205 MPa | no data |
| Elongation, as cast (SAE J462, CA938)Range printed in a standards-listing datasheet | 5 to 10 %12 | 35 % | > 15 % | > 12 % | > 10 % | 20 to 75 % | > 13 % | 62 % | > 37 % | > 10 % | 30 to 45 % | 45 % | > 20 % | 40 % | > 25 % | 17 % | > 8 % | no data |
| Tensile strength, minimum (centrifugal castings, ASTM B271) | > 207 MPa13 | 179 to 262 MPa | > 330 MPa | > 586 MPa | > 585 MPa | 410 to 590 MPa | > 485 MPa | 324 MPa | 180 N/mm2 | 480 to 560 MPa | 358 to 414 MPa | 235 MPa | > 360 MPa | 370 to 430 MPa | 475 to 580 MPa | 538 MPa | > 260 MPa | no data |
| Yield strength, minimum (centrifugal castings, ASTM B271) | > 83 MPa14 | 69 MPa | > 130 MPa | > 221 MPa | > 295 MPa | 130 to 250 MPa | 550 MPa | 103 MPa | no data | > 450 MPa | 124 to 179 MPa | no data | > 220 MPa | no data | > 350 MPa | 310 MPa | > 205 MPa | no data |
| Elongation, minimum (centrifugal castings, ASTM B271) | > 15 %15 | 35 % | > 15 % | > 12 % | > 10 % | 20 to 75 % | > 13 % | 62 % | > 37 % | > 10 % | 30 to 45 % | 45 % | > 20 % | 40 % | > 25 % | 17 % | > 8 % | no data |
Why choose it, and why not
Good for
- Bearings where lubrication may fail, because the lead gives lubricity and free cutting (Concast).
- Pump parts in acid mine water and other acid-resisting service, according to Concast's list of typical uses.
Watch out for
- Modest strength: 172 MPa minimum tensile strength under ASTM B505 and 55 BHN typical hardness.
- Lead content: 13.00-16.00 % lead, and the element is classified as a reproductive toxicant by PubChem.
- No corrosion rate was found for seawater or acid service, only the qualitative findings above.
C93800 is a leaded tin bronze for bearings and acid-resisting pump parts, with 9.25 g/cm3 density and 172 MPa minimum tensile strength under ASTM B505. Lead content and a missing corrosion rate are the main limits, and no space data were found.
Technical details
For scientists and researchers. Everything above comes from the record below: every number with its method, its conditions and its source.
Other names and standards
The same grade under other systems, as datasheets and standards print them. Each code was checked against the page it comes from.
| System | Codes |
|---|---|
| UNS | C93800 |
| SAE | CA938, 67 (printed as SAE 67 under Other) |
| ASTM | B505, B505M, B271 (centrifugal castings) |
| ASME | SB-505 |
| Trade name | Anti-Acid Metal |
Notes
The method, full conditions and any caveat for the numbered rows above.
| # | Measurement | Method | Conditions | Caveat |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Density, C93800 (CDA physical properties) | Value printed in a manufacturer datasheet (metric column) | temperature 20 °Cunit in source gm/cm3form grade-level value; no process stated | — |
| 2 | Electrical conductivity at 20 °C | Value printed in a manufacturer datasheet (metric column) | temperature 20 °Cunit in source 0.066 MegaSiemens/cm at 20 °C | — |
| 3 | Electrical conductivity, relative to annealed copper | Value printed in a manufacturer datasheet (US customary column) | temperature 68 °Funit in source 11% IACS at 68 °F | — |
| 4 | Thermal conductivity | Value printed in a manufacturer datasheet (metric column) | temperature 20 °Cunit in source 52.3 W/m at 20 °Cnote the datasheet prints the unit as W/m without the kelvin term | — |
| 5 | specific heat | Value printed in a manufacturer datasheet (metric column) | temperature 20 °Cunit in source 377.1 J/kg at 20 °C | — |
| 6 | Modulus of elasticity in tension | Value printed in a manufacturer datasheet (metric column) | temperature not statedunit in source 10500 ksi | — |
| 7 | Tensile strength, minimum (continuous cast, ASTM B505/B505M-23) | Minimum value printed in a manufacturer datasheet | standard ASTM B505/B505M-23 as printed on the datasheetunit in source 25 ksiproduct continuous-cast product sheet | — |
| 8 | Yield strength at 0.5 % extension under load, minimum (continuous cast, ASTM B505/B505M-23) | Minimum value printed in a manufacturer datasheet | standard ASTM B505/B505M-23 as printed on the datasheetunit in source 16 ksiproduct continuous-cast product sheet | — |
| 9 | Elongation in 2 in or 50 mm, minimum (continuous cast, ASTM B505/B505M-23) | Minimum value printed in a manufacturer datasheet | standard ASTM B505/B505M-23 as printed on the datasheetgauge 2 in or 50 mmproduct continuous-cast product sheet | — |
| 10 | Brinell hardness, typical (500 kg load) | Typical value printed in a manufacturer datasheet (not a minimum) | load 500 kgproduct continuous-cast product sheet | — |
| 11 | Yield strength, as cast (SAE J462, CA938) | — | standard SAE J462 (CA938) as printed on the ICAST sheetcondition as castform cast alloy, as printed | — |
| 12 | Elongation, as cast (SAE J462, CA938) | — | standard SAE J462 (CA938) as printed on the ICAST sheetcondition as castform cast alloy, as printed | — |
| 13 | Tensile strength, minimum (centrifugal castings, ASTM B271) | Minimum value printed in a standards-listing datasheet | standard ASTM B271 (copper-base alloy centrifugal castings) as printed on the ICAST sheetform centrifugal casting | — |
| 14 | Yield strength, minimum (centrifugal castings, ASTM B271) | Minimum value printed in a standards-listing datasheet | standard ASTM B271 (copper-base alloy centrifugal castings) as printed on the ICAST sheetform centrifugal casting | — |
| 15 | Elongation, minimum (centrifugal castings, ASTM B271) | Minimum value printed in a standards-listing datasheet | standard ASTM B271 (copper-base alloy centrifugal castings) as printed on the ICAST sheetform centrifugal casting | — |
Corrosion and compatibility
What happens when it meets other materials and environments.
| Environment | Concern | What happens |
|---|---|---|
| Acid mine water and acid-resisting service | not rated | Concast lists C93800 for acid-resisting work and for pump parts in acid mine water, but gives no corrosion rate for either.1 |
| Simulated seawater with sliding contact against alumina | moderate | In simulated seawater, active dissolution and corrosion-product films were the main corrosion mechanisms in a study of leaded tin bronze.2 |
| General corrosion in service | low | The ASM Alloy Digest abstract calls C93800 corrosion-resistant but prints no test data.3 |
| # | Environment | Details | Test conditions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Acid mine water and acid-resisting service | The Concast sheet names the alloy Anti-Acid Metal and lists acid-resisting applications, pump bodies and pump impellers for acid mine water among its typical uses. It gives no test medium, exposure time or corrosion rate for them. | basis manufacturer's list of typical uses only; no test dataproduct C93800 cast alloy |
| 2 | Simulated seawater with sliding contact against alumina | The Tribology International study names leaded tin bronze but not the UNS grade. Its abstract says active dissolution of the alloy and corrosion-product development were the dominant mechanisms, and that tribological contact removed most of the products, so freshly exposed metal dissolved. Pure wear was abrasive. Corrosion raised the friction coefficient under anodic potentials with contact. | basis judgement from the abstract; no corrosion rate readgrade leaded tin bronze, grade not named in the sourcetest simulated seawater, alumina counterbody, anodic potentials |
| 3 | General corrosion in service | The ASM Alloy Digest abstract for C93800 gives good resistance to corrosion and lists bearings, bushings, pump impellers and corrosion-resistant castings as uses. The full datasheet is behind a paywall, and no values were read. | basis abstract only; full datasheet not opened |
Risks and side effects
Hazards to people, what happens when a cell overheats, and how the material is handled and stored.
For people
The sources read for this grade give no safety data sheet for the alloy. The lead in it is classified as a reproductive toxicant in the PubChem summary for the element.
- The alloy
- No safety data sheet for C93800 was read. The lead it contains, 13.00-16.00 %, is the reason to treat dust and fume from cutting or grinding with care.
- The element lead
- PubChem gives a Danger signal word for lead, with H360 (84.4%) for harm to fertility or the unborn child and H372 (50.5%) for organ damage after repeated exposure.
If it fails
The failure routes in the sources are wear-induced corrosion in seawater and strain during brazing.
- Sliding in seawater
- A study of leaded tin bronze in simulated seawater found that active dissolution of the alloy and corrosion-product films were the dominant mechanisms, and that sliding contact removed most of the products.
- Brazing
- Concast rates brazing as poor, since it is done within the hot-short range, and says strain must be avoided during brazing and cooling.
Handling and storage
- Joining
- Soldering is rated good. Oxyacetylene, gas-shielded arc and coated metal arc welding are not recommended for this grade.
- Scrap
- USGS reports about 17,000 tons of tin recycled from scrap in 2025, and about 1 million tons of secondary lead produced in 2025.
Test details
The original wording and numbers from the sources, for readers who want them.
Failure risks
| Failure | Trigger and consequence |
|---|---|
| Wear-induced corrosion under sliding contact in seawatermoderate severity | Sliding contact against alumina in simulated seawater at anodic potentials (leaded tin bronze, grade not named)Active dissolution of the alloy and corrosion-product films were the dominant mechanisms; tribological contact removed the products and raised the friction coefficient. |
| Cracking or strain during brazing and coolinglow severity | Brazing, which the sheet says is performed within the hot-short rangeConcast says strain must be avoided during brazing and cooling. The sheet rates brazing as poor, so the sources give no brazed-joint data. |
Handling and storage
- Concast rates soldering as good, brazing as poor, and says oxyacetylene welding, gas-shielded arc welding and coated metal arc welding are not recommended for this grade.
- Mind the hot-short range: strain must be avoided during brazing and cooling (Concast footnote).
Supply and geography
How common the raw materials are and where they come from.
Lead (lead content of C93800, 13.00-16.00 %)
- Top producers (2025)
- China 42.2%, Australia 10.7%, Peru 6.4%, United States 6.2%
- Critical mineral lists
- US: listed
- Recycling
- USGS: an estimated 1 million tons of secondary lead was produced in 2025.
- Substitutes
- USGS: substitution by plastics has reduced the use of lead in cable covering and cans, and steel and zinc are common substitutes for lead in wheel weights.
Tin (tin content of C93800, 6.30-7.50 %)
- Top producers (2025)
- China 24.5%, Indonesia 21%, Peru 11.4%, Brazil 9.7%, Congo (Kinshasa) 9.3%
- Recycling
- USGS: about 17,000 tons of tin from old and new scrap was recycled in 2025.
- Substitutes
- USGS: aluminum, glass, paper, plastic and tin-free steel substitute for tin in cans and containers; alternative copper-base alloys are listed as substitutes in other uses.
Copper (matrix, 75.00-79.00 %)
- Top producers (2025)
- Chile 23%, Congo (Kinshasa) 13.9%, Peru 11.7%, China 7.8%, Russia 5.7%
- Critical mineral lists
- US: listed
Documents
Datasheets, safety data sheets, papers and standards you can open.
Full record
The complete spore, as stored. Free to reuse under CC-BY-4.0. Images keep the licence shown with each one.
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spore: profile
id: leaded-tin-bronze-c93800
spore_version: 0.2
family: copper-alloys
name: Leaded tin bronze C93800 (SAE 67, high-leaded tin bronze)
abbreviation: C93800
role: bearing bronze
category: metals
type: copper-alloys
summary: |
Leaded tin bronze C93800 is a cast copper-tin-lead alloy with the UNS number C93800, also called SAE 67. Wieland Concast lists it at 75.00-79.00 % copper, 13.00-16.00 % lead and 6.30-7.50 % tin. Its density is 9.25 g/cm3 at 20 °C and its liquidus temperature is 943 °C. The minimum tensile strength under ASTM B505 is 172 MPa, with 110 MPa minimum yield strength and 5 % minimum elongation. Centrifugal castings to ASTM B271 are listed at 207 MPa minimum tensile strength and 83 MPa minimum yield strength.
best_for: Bearings and bushings that may lose their lubricating film, because the lead gives free cutting and lubricity (Wieland Concast)
weakest_at: 'Strength: 172 MPa minimum tensile strength under ASTM B505 and a typical hardness of 55 BHN (500 kg load)'
identity:
formula: 'Cast copper-tin-lead alloy: Cu 75.00-79.00 %, Pb 13.00-16.00 %, Sn 6.30-7.50 % (ASTM B505 composition)'
source: icast-sae-j462
where: Chemical Composition table (Cu, Pb and Sn ranges); Cross Reference Table (C93800, UNS)
designations:
- system: UNS
code: C93800
source: icast-sae-j462
where: Cross Reference Table, row C93800, standard UNS
- system: ASTM
code: B505
source: concast-c93800
where: Similar or equivalent specification, ASTM column (B505 and B505M)
- system: ASTM
code: B505M
source: concast-c93800
where: Similar or equivalent specification, ASTM column (B505 and B505M)
- system: ASTM
code: B271
note: centrifugal castings
source: icast-astm-b271
where: 'Title line: ASTM B271 High-Lead Tin Bronze UNS C93800'
- system: ASME
code: SB-505
source: icast-astm-b271
where: Cross Reference Table, row SB-505 C93800
- system: SAE
code: CA938
source: icast-astm-b271
where: Cross Reference Table, row CA938
- system: SAE
code: '67'
note: printed as SAE 67 under Other
source: concast-c93800
where: Similar or equivalent specification, Other column
- system: Trade name
code: Anti-Acid Metal
source: concast-c93800
where: Similar or equivalent specification, Other column
tags:
environments: []
stresses: []
applications:
- mechanisms
properties:
- benchmark: density
label: Density, C93800 (CDA physical properties)
value: 9.25
unit: g/cm3
scope: material
conditions:
temperature: 20 °C
unit_in_source: gm/cm3
form: grade-level value; no process stated
method: Value printed in a manufacturer datasheet (metric column)
status: ground
source: concast-c93800
where: Physical properties table, Density row (metric column)
- benchmark: melting_point
label: Melting point, liquidus
value: 943
unit: °C
scope: material
conditions:
pressure: not stated
unit_in_source: 1730 °F
method: Value printed in a manufacturer datasheet
status: ground
source: concast-c93800
where: Physical properties table, Melting point - liquidus row
- benchmark: melting_point
label: Melting point, solidus
value: 854
unit: °C
scope: material
conditions:
pressure: not stated
unit_in_source: 1570 °F
method: Value printed in a manufacturer datasheet
status: ground
source: concast-c93800
where: Physical properties table, Melting point - solidus row
- benchmark: melting_point
label: Incipient melting
value: 316
unit: °C
scope: material
conditions:
unit_in_source: 600 °F
note: onset of melting within the hot-short range
method: Value printed in a manufacturer datasheet
status: ground
source: concast-c93800
where: Physical properties table, Incipient melting row
- benchmark: electrical_conductivity
label: Electrical conductivity at 20 °C
value: 0.066
unit: MegaSiemens/cm
scope: material
conditions:
temperature: 20 °C
unit_in_source: 0.066 MegaSiemens/cm at 20 °C
method: Value printed in a manufacturer datasheet (metric column)
status: ground
source: concast-c93800
where: Physical properties table, Electrical conductivity row
- benchmark: electrical_conductivity
label: Electrical conductivity, relative to annealed copper
value: 11
unit: '% IACS'
scope: material
conditions:
temperature: 68 °F
unit_in_source: 11% IACS at 68 °F
method: Value printed in a manufacturer datasheet (US customary column)
status: ground
source: concast-c93800
where: Physical properties table, Electrical conductivity row
- benchmark: thermal_conductivity
value: 52.3
unit: W/m
scope: material
conditions:
temperature: 20 °C
unit_in_source: 52.3 W/m at 20 °C
note: the datasheet prints the unit as W/m without the kelvin term
method: Value printed in a manufacturer datasheet (metric column)
status: ground
source: concast-c93800
where: Physical properties table, Thermal conductivity row
- benchmark: specific_heat
value: 377.1
unit: J/kg
scope: material
conditions:
temperature: 20 °C
unit_in_source: 377.1 J/kg at 20 °C
method: Value printed in a manufacturer datasheet (metric column)
status: ground
source: concast-c93800
where: Physical properties table, Specific heat capacity row
- benchmark: elastic_modulus
label: Modulus of elasticity in tension
value: 72400
unit: MPa
scope: material
conditions:
temperature: not stated
unit_in_source: 10500 ksi
method: Value printed in a manufacturer datasheet (metric column)
status: ground
source: concast-c93800
where: Physical properties table, Modulus of elasticity in tension row
- benchmark: ultimate_tensile_strength
label: Tensile strength, minimum (continuous cast, ASTM B505/B505M-23)
value: 172
unit: MPa
bound: lower
scope: material
conditions:
standard: ASTM B505/B505M-23 as printed on the datasheet
unit_in_source: 25 ksi
product: continuous-cast product sheet
method: Minimum value printed in a manufacturer datasheet
status: ground
source: concast-c93800
where: Mechanical properties table, Tensile strength min row
- benchmark: yield_strength
label: Yield strength at 0.5 % extension under load, minimum (continuous cast, ASTM B505/B505M-23)
value: 110
unit: MPa
bound: lower
scope: material
conditions:
standard: ASTM B505/B505M-23 as printed on the datasheet
unit_in_source: 16 ksi
product: continuous-cast product sheet
method: Minimum value printed in a manufacturer datasheet
status: ground
source: concast-c93800
where: Mechanical properties table, Yield strength row
- benchmark: elongation
label: Elongation in 2 in or 50 mm, minimum (continuous cast, ASTM B505/B505M-23)
value: 5
unit: '%'
bound: lower
scope: material
conditions:
standard: ASTM B505/B505M-23 as printed on the datasheet
gauge: 2 in or 50 mm
product: continuous-cast product sheet
method: Minimum value printed in a manufacturer datasheet
status: ground
source: concast-c93800
where: Mechanical properties table, Elongation row
- benchmark: brinell_hardness
label: Brinell hardness, typical (500 kg load)
value: 55
unit: BHN
scope: material
conditions:
load: 500 kg
product: continuous-cast product sheet
method: Typical value printed in a manufacturer datasheet (not a minimum)
status: ground
source: concast-c93800
where: Mechanical properties table, Brinell hardness typical BHN row
- benchmark: machinability_rating
label: Machinability rating (CDA)
value: 80
unit: '-'
scope: material
conditions:
basis: copper alloy UNS C93800 on the CDA rating table; rating scale not printed
method: Rating printed in a manufacturer datasheet
status: ground
source: concast-c93800
where: Machinability table, Machinability rating row
- benchmark: yield_strength
label: Yield strength, as cast (SAE J462, CA938)
value: 97
value_high: 110
bound: range
unit: MPa
scope: material
conditions:
standard: SAE J462 (CA938) as printed on the ICAST sheet
condition: as cast
form: cast alloy, as printed
method: Range printed in a standards-listing datasheet
status: ground
source: icast-sae-j462
where: Mechanical Properties table, Yield Strength in Mpa row
- benchmark: elongation
label: Elongation, as cast (SAE J462, CA938)
value: 5
value_high: 10
bound: range
unit: '%'
scope: material
conditions:
standard: SAE J462 (CA938) as printed on the ICAST sheet
condition: as cast
form: cast alloy, as printed
method: Range printed in a standards-listing datasheet
status: ground
source: icast-sae-j462
where: Mechanical Properties table, Elongation in % row
- benchmark: ultimate_tensile_strength
label: Tensile strength, minimum (centrifugal castings, ASTM B271)
value: 207
unit: MPa
bound: lower
scope: material
conditions:
standard: ASTM B271 (copper-base alloy centrifugal castings) as printed on the ICAST sheet
form: centrifugal casting
method: Minimum value printed in a standards-listing datasheet
status: ground
source: icast-astm-b271
where: Mechanical Properties table, Tensile Strength in Mpa row
- benchmark: yield_strength
label: Yield strength, minimum (centrifugal castings, ASTM B271)
value: 83
unit: MPa
bound: lower
scope: material
conditions:
standard: ASTM B271 (copper-base alloy centrifugal castings) as printed on the ICAST sheet
form: centrifugal casting
method: Minimum value printed in a standards-listing datasheet
status: ground
source: icast-astm-b271
where: Mechanical Properties table, Yield Strength in Mpa row
- benchmark: elongation
label: Elongation, minimum (centrifugal castings, ASTM B271)
value: 15
unit: '%'
bound: lower
scope: material
conditions:
standard: ASTM B271 (copper-base alloy centrifugal castings) as printed on the ICAST sheet
form: centrifugal casting
method: Minimum value printed in a standards-listing datasheet
status: ground
source: icast-astm-b271
where: Mechanical Properties table, Elongation in % row
corrosion:
- environment: Acid mine water and acid-resisting service
headline: Concast lists C93800 for acid-resisting work and for pump parts in acid mine water, but gives no corrosion rate for either.
effect: The Concast sheet names the alloy Anti-Acid Metal and lists acid-resisting applications, pump bodies and pump impellers for acid mine water among its typical uses. It gives no test medium, exposure time or corrosion rate for them.
rating: unknown
conditions:
basis: manufacturer's list of typical uses only; no test data
product: C93800 cast alloy
source: concast-c93800
where: Typical uses list (continuous cast) and Similar or equivalent specification, Other column
- environment: Simulated seawater with sliding contact against alumina
headline: In simulated seawater, active dissolution and corrosion-product films were the main corrosion mechanisms in a study of leaded tin bronze.
effect: The Tribology International study names leaded tin bronze but not the UNS grade. Its abstract says active dissolution of the alloy and corrosion-product development were the dominant mechanisms, and that tribological contact removed most of the products, so freshly exposed metal dissolved. Pure wear was abrasive. Corrosion raised the friction coefficient under anodic potentials with contact.
rating: moderate
conditions:
basis: judgement from the abstract; no corrosion rate read
grade: leaded tin bronze, grade not named in the source
test: simulated seawater, alumina counterbody, anodic potentials
source: huttunen2019
where: Abstract
- environment: General corrosion in service
headline: The ASM Alloy Digest abstract calls C93800 corrosion-resistant but prints no test data.
effect: The ASM Alloy Digest abstract for C93800 gives good resistance to corrosion and lists bearings, bushings, pump impellers and corrosion-resistant castings as uses. The full datasheet is behind a paywall, and no values were read.
rating: low
conditions:
basis: abstract only; full datasheet not opened
source: asm-digest-cu464
where: Abstract (page visible without sign-in)
risks:
hazards:
- text: PubChem aggregates reports for the element lead (CID 5352425). Signal word Danger. Of 2477 company reports, 2350 gave hazard codes and 127 reported that lead does not meet GHS hazard criteria. The alloy itself is not separately classified in any source read here, so this is the reference for its 13.00-16.00 % lead.
ghs:
- H360
- H372
- H410
- H400
source: pubchem-lead
where: GHS Classification, aggregated information (CID 5352425)
- text: Notified shares for lead's hazard codes include H360 (84.4%) May damage fertility or the unborn child; H372 (50.5%) Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure; H410 (61.9%) Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects; H400 (57.9%) Very toxic to aquatic life.
ghs:
- H360
- H372
- H410
- H400
source: pubchem-lead
where: GHS Hazard Statements list, aggregated percentages
failure_risks:
- mode: Wear-induced corrosion under sliding contact in seawater
trigger: Sliding contact against alumina in simulated seawater at anodic potentials (leaded tin bronze, grade not named)
consequence: Active dissolution of the alloy and corrosion-product films were the dominant mechanisms; tribological contact removed the products and raised the friction coefficient.
severity: moderate
source: huttunen2019
where: Abstract
- mode: Cracking or strain during brazing and cooling
trigger: Brazing, which the sheet says is performed within the hot-short range
consequence: Concast says strain must be avoided during brazing and cooling. The sheet rates brazing as poor, so the sources give no brazed-joint data.
severity: low
source: concast-c93800
where: Fabrication properties table and footnote
side_effects: []
handling:
- text: Concast rates soldering as good, brazing as poor, and says oxyacetylene welding, gas-shielded arc welding and coated metal arc welding are not recommended for this grade.
source: concast-c93800
where: Fabrication properties table
- text: 'Mind the hot-short range: strain must be avoided during brazing and cooling (Concast footnote).'
source: concast-c93800
where: Fabrication properties table, footnote
mitigations: []
uses:
- application: mechanisms
device: Bearings and bushings
example: Concast lists bearings for freight cars, general service bearings for moderate pressure, industrial centrifuges and low-friction or moderate-pressure bushings among the typical uses of the continuous-cast product.
source: concast-c93800
where: Typical uses list (continuous cast)
- application: structures
device: Acid-resisting pump bodies and impellers
example: Concast lists acid-resisting applications and pump bodies and impellers for acid mine water among typical uses, and gives the alias Anti-Acid Metal.
source: concast-c93800
where: Typical uses list and Similar or equivalent specification, Other column
- application: mechanisms
device: Large ship bearings
example: Concast lists large bearings for ships under the Marine heading of its typical uses.
source: concast-c93800
where: Similar or equivalent specification, Other column (Marine)
supply:
- subject: Lead (lead content of C93800, 13.00-16.00 %)
producers:
- country: China
share_percent: 42.2
year: 2025
- country: Australia
share_percent: 10.7
year: 2025
- country: Peru
share_percent: 6.4
year: 2025
- country: United States
share_percent: 6.2
year: 2025
critical_lists:
- list: U.S. Final 2025 List of Critical Minerals (lead added in 2025; USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026, Lead)
listed: true
recycling: 'USGS: an estimated 1 million tons of secondary lead was produced in 2025.'
substitutes:
- 'USGS: substitution by plastics has reduced the use of lead in cable covering and cans, and steel and zinc are common substitutes for lead in wheel weights.'
source: usgs-mcs2026-lead
where: World Mine Production table, 2025e (world total 4,500 thousand t, rounded; shares calculated by Space Mushroom from China 1,900, Australia 480, Peru 290 and United States 280); Recycling; Substitutes; Events, Trends and Issues (critical list)
- subject: Tin (tin content of C93800, 6.30-7.50 %)
producers:
- country: China
share_percent: 24.5
year: 2025
- country: Indonesia
share_percent: 21
year: 2025
- country: Peru
share_percent: 11.4
year: 2025
- country: Brazil
share_percent: 9.7
year: 2025
- country: Congo (Kinshasa)
share_percent: 9.3
year: 2025
recycling: 'USGS: about 17,000 tons of tin from old and new scrap was recycled in 2025.'
substitutes:
- 'USGS: aluminum, glass, paper, plastic and tin-free steel substitute for tin in cans and containers; alternative copper-base alloys are listed as substitutes in other uses.'
source: usgs-mcs2026-tin
where: World Mine Production table, 2025e (world total 290,000 t, rounded; shares calculated by Space Mushroom from China 71,000, Indonesia 61,000, Peru 33,000, Brazil 28,000 and Congo (Kinshasa) 27,000); Recycling; Substitutes
- subject: Copper (matrix, 75.00-79.00 %)
producers:
- country: Chile
share_percent: 23
year: 2025
- country: Congo (Kinshasa)
share_percent: 13.9
year: 2025
- country: Peru
share_percent: 11.7
year: 2025
- country: China
share_percent: 7.8
year: 2025
- country: Russia
share_percent: 5.7
year: 2025
critical_lists:
- list: U.S. Final 2025 List of Critical Minerals (copper added in 2025; USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026)
listed: true
source: usgs-mcs2026-copper
where: World Mine and Refinery Production table, mine production 2025e (world total 23,000 thousand t; shares calculated by Space Mushroom from Chile 5,300, Congo (Kinshasa) 3,200, Peru 2,700, China 1,800 and Russia 1,300); critical list paragraph
documents:
- title: 'Wieland Concast: C93800 spec sheet, continuous cast, high-leaded tin bronze (PDF)'
type: datasheet
url: https://www.concast.com/files/C93800.pdf
year: 2026
- title: 'ICAST Alloys: SAE J462 CA938 (cast copper alloys) data sheet (PDF)'
type: datasheet
url: https://www.icastllp.com/material_db_pdf/SAE%20J462%20CA938.pdf
- title: 'ICAST Alloys: ASTM B271 High-Lead Tin Bronze UNS C93800 data sheet (PDF)'
type: datasheet
url: https://mail.icastllp.com/material_db_pdf/ASTM%20B271%20High-Lead%20Tin%20Bronze%20UNS%20C93800.pdf
- title: 'Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026: Lead'
type: report
url: https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-lead.pdf
year: 2026
- title: 'Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026: Tin'
type: report
url: https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-tin.pdf
year: 2026
- title: 'Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026: Copper'
type: report
url: https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-copper.pdf
year: 2026
- title: 'PubChem compound record: Lead (CID 5352425), aggregated GHS information'
type: database
url: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/rest/pug_view/data/compound/5352425/JSON
year: 2026
- title: Huttunen-Saarivirta et al., Behaviour of leaded tin bronze in simulated seawater, Tribology International 129 (2019) 257-271
type: paper
url: https://cris.vtt.fi/en/publications/behaviour-of-leaded-tin-bronze-in-simulated-seawater-in-the-absen
year: 2019
- title: 'ASM Alloy Digest: Copper Alloy No. C93800, High Leaded Tin Bronze (Cu-464, 1983)'
type: datasheet
url: https://dl.asminternational.org/alloy-digest/article/32/10/Cu-464/4765/COPPER-ALLOY-No-C93800High-Leaded-Tin-Bronze
year: 1983
gaps:
- Coefficient of thermal expansion for C93800 is printed as 10.3 · 10-6 per °F and 17.8 · 10-6 per °C in exponent form; left out under the exponent rule. The value is in the Concast sheet and can be added if the form is changed.
- 'Full chemical composition: the Concast table is garbled for the elements after tin, so only copper, lead and tin were taken from it. The other element limits (Zn, Fe, Ni, P, Al, Sb, Si, S) come from the ICAST SAE J462 chemistry table and were not cross-checked against a second source.'
- No EN, DIN or JIS number was printed on any source read for this grade, so none is listed.
- Tin's status on the 2025 U.S. critical-minerals list and on the EU critical raw materials list was not found in the sources read.
- EU critical raw materials list status for lead and copper was not read; only the U.S. list is recorded.
- Shares in supply are calculated by Space Mushroom from the USGS mine-production tables, which are rounded; the world totals are also rounded.
- Yield and elongation are minimums or ranges from standards and datasheets, not measured results; no tensile test on a sample of this grade was read.
- Thermal conductivity unit is printed as W/m, without the kelvin term; the value is recorded with that printed unit.
- Electrical and thermal properties are from the manufacturer's grade-level table; no process or temper is stated for them.
- No quantitative corrosion rate for C93800 in seawater, acid mine water or any specific acid was found. The Tribology International abstract gives wear-corrosion percentages that were not checked against the full text, so they are not recorded.
- The Tribology International study names leaded tin bronze, not the UNS grade, and its results are not attributed to C93800.
- The ASM Alloy Digest datasheet is behind a paywall; only its abstract was read, with no property values.
- Hazard data are for the element lead from PubChem (CID 5352425). No safety data sheet for the alloy was read, and the lead percentages are notifications for the element, not for the bronze.
- 'No space data were found: no outgassing, radiation, thermal-vacuum, atomic-oxygen or flight result for C93800.'
- No freely licensed photograph or drawing of C93800 was opened, so the profile has no media.
- Recycling and substitute statements for lead and tin come from the USGS text only; no industry source was read.
- 'Non-canonical property names used: electrical_conductivity, brinell_hardness and machinability_rating; these are not in property-canon.yaml.'
sources:
concast-c93800:
title: 'Wieland Concast: C93800 Alloy, C938 High leaded tin bronze (product page with physical properties, mechanical properties and typical uses)'
id: UNS C93800; ASTM B505/B505M; SAE J461, J462, SAE 67; QQ-C-390 E6; QQ-B-1005 Comp 19; MIL-B-11553 Comp 19; Anti-Acid Metal
url: https://www.concast.com/c93800.php
year: 2026
kind: datasheet
license: Manufacturer product page (cited, not reproduced)
icast-sae-j462:
title: 'ICAST Alloys LLP: SAE J462 CA938 (cast copper alloy chemistry and as-cast mechanical properties, cross-reference table)'
id: SAE J462 CA938; UNS C93800; ASME SB-505 C93800
url: https://www.icastllp.com/material_db_pdf/SAE%20J462%20CA938.pdf
kind: datasheet
license: Supplier data sheet (cited, not reproduced); disclaimer on the sheet
icast-astm-b271:
title: 'ICAST Alloys LLP: ASTM B271 High-Lead Tin Bronze UNS C93800 (centrifugal castings)'
id: ASTM B271; UNS C93800; CA938 (SAE)
url: https://mail.icastllp.com/material_db_pdf/ASTM%20B271%20High-Lead%20Tin%20Bronze%20UNS%20C93800.pdf
kind: datasheet
license: Supplier data sheet (cited, not reproduced); disclaimer on the sheet
usgs-mcs2026-lead:
title: Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026, Lead
id: USGS MCS 2026, February 2026
url: https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-lead.pdf
year: 2026
kind: report
license: public domain (USGS)
usgs-mcs2026-tin:
title: Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026, Tin
id: USGS MCS 2026, February 2026
url: https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-tin.pdf
year: 2026
kind: report
license: public domain (USGS)
usgs-mcs2026-copper:
title: Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026, Copper
id: USGS MCS 2026, February 2026
url: https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-copper.pdf
year: 2026
kind: report
license: public domain (USGS)
pubchem-lead:
title: 'PubChem compound record: Lead (CID 5352425), aggregated GHS classification'
id: CID 5352425; CAS 7439-92-1
url: https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/rest/pug_view/data/compound/5352425/JSON
year: 2026
kind: database
license: public domain (NCBI)
huttunen2019:
title: 'Behaviour of leaded tin bronze in simulated seawater in the absence and presence of tribological contact with alumina counterbody: Corrosion, wear and tribocorrosion (Huttunen-Saarivirta et al., Tribology International 129, 257-271)'
id: doi:10.1016/j.triboint.2018.08.021
url: https://cris.vtt.fi/en/publications/behaviour-of-leaded-tin-bronze-in-simulated-seawater-in-the-absen
year: 2019
kind: paper
license: abstract read via VTT research portal (cited, not reproduced)
asm-digest-cu464:
title: 'ASM Alloy Digest: Copper Alloy No. C93800, High Leaded Tin Bronze (Cu-464)'
id: ASM Alloy Digest, 1 October 1983, Vol. 32, Issue 10
url: https://dl.asminternational.org/alloy-digest/article/32/10/Cu-464/4765/COPPER-ALLOY-No-C93800High-Leaded-Tin-Bronze
year: 1983
kind: handbook
license: abstract only, paywalled (cited, not reproduced)
license: CC-BY-4.0
updated: '2026-11-01'
review:
status: draft
method: assistant
checked_values: 19
unreachable: 2
caveats: 5
note: 'Values read by an AI assistant on 2026-11-01 from the Concast page and PDF, the two ICAST datasheets, and the USGS 2026 lead, tin and copper summaries. Unreachable in full: the ASM Alloy Digest (abstract only) and the Tribology International full text. Caveats: all strengths are minimums or ranges from standards and datasheets; the thermal conductivity unit is printed without its kelvin term; the corrosion rating for the seawater study is a judgement from the abstract; supply shares are calculated from rounded USGS tables.'
story:
recipe:
line: C93800 is a cast copper-tin-lead alloy, sold as high-leaded tin bronze. Its composition ranges are given in the ICAST SAE J462 and Concast tables. The grade is made by continuous casting to ASTM B505 or by centrifugal casting to ASTM B271, as the two datasheets show.
parts:
- name: Copper
symbol: Cu
share: 75.00-79.00 %
role: The matrix of the bronze and the largest element by mass.
- name: Lead
symbol: Pb
share: 13.00-16.00 %
role: Gives the alloy free cutting and lubricity, per the Concast sheet.
- name: Tin
symbol: Sn
share: 6.30-7.50 %
role: The tin in the bronze alongside copper; the composition table gives the range.
risk_groups:
- title: For people
level: 1
verdict: Lead content matters
lead: The sources read for this grade give no safety data sheet for the alloy. The lead in it is classified as a reproductive toxicant in the PubChem summary for the element.
points:
- label: The alloy
line: No safety data sheet for C93800 was read. The lead it contains, 13.00-16.00 %, is the reason to treat dust and fume from cutting or grinding with care.
- label: The element lead
line: PubChem gives a Danger signal word for lead, with H360 (84.4%) for harm to fertility or the unborn child and H372 (50.5%) for organ damage after repeated exposure.
- title: If it fails
lead: The failure routes in the sources are wear-induced corrosion in seawater and strain during brazing.
points:
- label: Sliding in seawater
line: A study of leaded tin bronze in simulated seawater found that active dissolution of the alloy and corrosion-product films were the dominant mechanisms, and that sliding contact removed most of the products.
- label: Brazing
line: Concast rates brazing as poor, since it is done within the hot-short range, and says strain must be avoided during brazing and cooling.
- title: Handling and storage
points:
- label: Joining
line: Soldering is rated good. Oxyacetylene, gas-shielded arc and coated metal arc welding are not recommended for this grade.
- label: Scrap
line: USGS reports about 17,000 tons of tin recycled from scrap in 2025, and about 1 million tons of secondary lead produced in 2025.
why: 'C93800 is a leaded tin bronze for bearings. The lead gives free cutting and lubricity, so the alloy keeps running when the lubricating film is lost, according to Concast. Its density is 9.25 g/cm3 at 20 °C, and its strength is modest: the ASTM B505 minimum is 172 MPa tensile strength and 110 MPa yield strength. The grade is chosen for bearings and pump parts in acid service, not for load-carrying structure.'
uses:
- where: Bearings and bushings
line: Concast lists bearings for freight cars, general service bearings for moderate pressure, industrial centrifuges and low-friction bushings as typical uses. The ASM Alloy Digest abstract lists bearings and bushings too.
- where: Acid-resisting pump parts
line: Concast lists pump bodies and pump impellers for acid mine water, and acid-resisting applications, among its typical uses. It gives the alias Anti-Acid Metal.
- where: Ship bearings
line: Concast lists large bearings for ships under its marine use, with no strength or corrosion data for that service.
can_do:
- label: Bearing with lubrication at risk
line: The lead gives the alloy lubricity and free cutting, per Concast. No load-rating test was read for this grade.
- label: Acid service
line: Concast lists acid-resisting uses and pump parts for acid mine water, but gives no corrosion rate for either.
- label: Moderate-pressure strength
benchmark: ultimate_tensile_strength
value: 172 MPa
line: The ASTM B505 minimum is 172 MPa tensile strength and 110 MPa yield strength for the continuous-cast product.
- label: Centrifugal castings
benchmark: ultimate_tensile_strength
value: 207 MPa
line: ASTM B271 centrifugal castings are listed at 207 MPa minimum tensile strength, 83 MPa minimum yield strength and 15 % minimum elongation.
compare: Against the other bronzes and alloys in this collection, C93800 is a bearing grade with low strength. Its ASTM B505 minimum tensile strength is 172 MPa and its typical hardness is 55 BHN. The centrifugal ASTM B271 minimum is higher at 207 MPa tensile, and the ICAST as-cast range for SAE J462 gives 97 to 110 MPa yield, so the casting route changes the numbers. The table compares the three rows of the strength and density that the sources give.
compare_rows:
- label: Density
benchmark: density
- label: Minimum tensile strength
benchmark: ultimate_tensile_strength
- label: Minimum yield strength
benchmark: yield_strength
handling:
- 'Check which casting route the part is made by: continuous cast (ASTM B505) and centrifugal cast (ASTM B271) have different minimums.'
- Avoid strain during brazing and cooling, since brazing is in the hot-short range (Concast).
- 'Treat dust and fume from cutting as lead exposure: the alloy is 13.00-16.00 % lead.'
good_for:
- Bearings where lubrication may fail, because the lead gives lubricity and free cutting (Concast).
- Pump parts in acid mine water and other acid-resisting service, according to Concast's list of typical uses.
watch_out:
- 'Modest strength: 172 MPa minimum tensile strength under ASTM B505 and 55 BHN typical hardness.'
- 'Lead content: 13.00-16.00 % lead, and the element is classified as a reproductive toxicant by PubChem.'
- No corrosion rate was found for seawater or acid service, only the qualitative findings above.
verdict: C93800 is a leaded tin bronze for bearings and acid-resisting pump parts, with 9.25 g/cm3 density and 172 MPa minimum tensile strength under ASTM B505. Lead content and a missing corrosion rate are the main limits, and no space data were found.
References
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