Zirconium copper C15000 (CuZr, CW120C) CuZr

spore: profile
id: zirconium-copper-c15000
spore_version: 0.2
family: copper-alloys
name: Zirconium copper C15000 (CuZr, CW120C)
abbreviation: CuZr
role: age-hardening high-conductivity copper alloy for wire, rod and resistance-welding electrodes
category: metals
type: copper-alloys
summary: |
  Zirconium copper C15000 (UNS C15000, EN name CW120C, ISO name CuZr) is copper with 0.1 to 0.2 wt% zirconium that is age-hardened for wire and rod. The AMZIRC wire data page from LFA Wire lists a density of 8.89 g/cm3 at 20 °C and an electrical conductivity of 93 %IACS when aged, with tensile strength from 241 MPa when annealed to 496 MPa in spring temper. The supplier says these values are for reference only and are not part of specification.
best_for: 'Current-carrying wire and resistance-welding electrodes that must keep their strength through heating: 93 %IACS when aged, per the supplier'
weakest_at: 'Strength on long heating: tensile strength falls from 67.5 KSI to 62 KSI after 50 h at 400 °C in the supplier''s test'
identity:
  formula: Copper (balance) with 0.1 to 0.2 wt% zirconium, precipitation hardened; EN name CuZr (ISO name CuZr)
  source: lfawire
  where: Product title and composition rows of the LFA Wire C15000 page (Zirconium 0.10 minimum, 0.20 maximum); the Zr range 0.1 – 0.2 is also printed in the composition table of the Total Materia EN CW120C page
  designations:
    - system: UNS
      code: C15000
      source: lfawire
      where: Product title, ZIRCONIUM COPPER, C15000, AMZIRC
    - system: EN name
      code: CW120C
      source: totalmateria-cw120c
      where: 'Page title and heading, EN CW120C Copper Alloys (standard line EN 12163: 2024, rod for general purposes)'
    - system: ISO
      code: CuZr
      source: totalmateria-cw120c
      where: International equivalents table, row CuZr (ISO)
    - system: Trade name
      code: AMZIRC
      source: lfawire
      where: Product title
tags:
  environments: []
  stresses: []
  applications:
    - electronics-and-chips
    - thermal-control
    - mechanisms
properties:
  - benchmark: density
    label: Density, zirconium copper C15000 (AMZIRC wire)
    value: 8.89
    unit: g/cm3
    scope: material
    conditions:
      grade: C15000 (AMZIRC)
      temperature: 20 °C
      unit_in_source: 8.89 g/cm³ at 20 °C; 0.321 lb/cu in at 68 °F
    method: Value printed in a supplier product data page, which states the values are for reference only and not part of specification
    status: ground
    source: lfawire
    where: Physical properties list, row Density
  - benchmark: melting_point
    label: Melting range, zirconium copper C15000
    value: 980
    value_high: 1080
    bound: range
    unit: °C
    scope: material
    conditions:
      grade: C15000 (AMZIRC)
      unit_in_source: 1795–1975 °F
    method: Range printed in a supplier product data page
    status: ground
    source: lfawire
    where: Physical properties list, row Melting range
  - benchmark: electrical_conductivity
    label: Electrical conductivity, zirconium copper C15000, aged
    value: 93
    unit: '%IACS'
    scope: material
    conditions:
      grade: C15000 (AMZIRC)
      condition: aged
      temperature: 68 °F (20 °C)
      unit_in_source: 93% Copper IACS at 68 °F
    method: Value printed in a supplier product data page, which states the values are for reference only
    status: ground
    source: lfawire
    where: Physical properties list, row Electrical conductivity (aged)
  - benchmark: electrical_resistivity
    label: Electrical resistivity, zirconium copper C15000, aged
    value: 1.86
    unit: microhm-cm
    scope: material
    conditions:
      grade: C15000 (AMZIRC)
      condition: aged
      temperature: 20 °C
      unit_in_source: 1.86 microhm-cm at 20 °C; 11.2 ohm circ mil/ft at 68 °F
    method: Value printed in a supplier product data page
    status: ground
    source: lfawire
    where: Physical properties list, row Electrical resistivity (aged)
  - benchmark: electrical_resistivity
    label: Electrical resistivity, UNS C15000 (database entry)
    value: 0.0186
    unit: Ω·mm²/m
    scope: material
    conditions:
      grade: UNS C15000
      temperature: not stated in the database entry
      unit_in_source: 0.0186 Ω∙mm²/m
    method: Value listed in the physical properties table of a materials database entry (full dataset requires free registration)
    status: ground
    source: totalmateria-c15000
    where: Physical properties table, row Electrical Resistivity
  - benchmark: thermal_conductivity
    label: Thermal conductivity, zirconium copper C15000 at 20 °C
    value: 0.876
    unit: cal/sq cm/cm/sec/°C
    scope: material
    conditions:
      grade: C15000 (AMZIRC)
      temperature: 20 °C
      unit_in_source: 0.876 cal/sq cm/cm/sec/°C at 20 °C; 212 BTU/sq ft/ft/hr/°F at 68 °F
    method: Value printed in a supplier product data page
    status: ground
    source: lfawire
    where: Physical properties list, row Thermal conductivity, 20 °C value
  - benchmark: specific_heat
    label: Specific heat, zirconium copper C15000 at 20 °C
    value: 0.092
    unit: cal/gm/°C
    scope: material
    conditions:
      grade: C15000 (AMZIRC)
      temperature: 20 °C
      unit_in_source: 0.092 cal/gm/°C at 20 °C; 0.092 BTU/lb/°F at 68 °F
    method: Value printed in a supplier product data page
    status: ground
    source: lfawire
    where: Physical properties list, row Specific heat
  - benchmark: elastic_modulus
    label: Modulus of elasticity in tension, zirconium copper C15000
    value: 18700
    unit: KSI
    scope: material
    conditions:
      grade: C15000 (AMZIRC)
      mode: tension
      unit_in_source: 18,700 KSI; 13,000 kg/sq mm
    method: Value printed in a supplier product data page
    status: ground
    source: lfawire
    where: Physical properties list, row Modulus of elasticity (tension)
  - benchmark: shear_modulus
    label: Modulus of rigidity in torsion, zirconium copper C15000
    value: 7300
    unit: KSI
    scope: material
    conditions:
      grade: C15000 (AMZIRC)
      mode: torsion (modulus of rigidity)
      unit_in_source: 7,300 KSI; 5,000 kg/sq mm
    method: Value printed in a supplier product data page
    status: ground
    source: lfawire
    where: Physical properties list, row Modulus of rigidity (torsion)
  - benchmark: yield_strength
    label: Yield strength, 2 % offset, round wire annealed temper
    value: 68
    unit: MPa
    scope: material
    conditions:
      grade: C15000 (AMZIRC)
      temper: annealed (A)
      form: round and square wire
      aging: 750 °F (400 °C) for one hour
      unit_in_source: 10 (68) KSI (MPa)
    method: Value printed in a supplier product data page, mechanical table for round and square wire
    status: ground
    source: lfawire
    where: Mechanical properties, round and square wire table, row Annealed (A), column 2% offset yield
  - benchmark: yield_strength
    label: Yield strength, 2 % offset, round wire half hard temper
    value: 365
    unit: MPa
    scope: material
    conditions:
      grade: C15000 (AMZIRC)
      temper: half hard (1/2H)
      form: round and square wire
      aging: 750 °F (400 °C) for one hour
      unit_in_source: 53 (365) KSI (MPa)
    method: Value printed in a supplier product data page, mechanical table for round and square wire
    status: ground
    source: lfawire
    where: Mechanical properties, round and square wire table, row Half Hard (1/2H), column 2% offset yield
  - benchmark: yield_strength
    label: Yield strength, 2 % offset, round wire hard temper
    value: 413
    unit: MPa
    scope: material
    conditions:
      grade: C15000 (AMZIRC)
      temper: hard (H)
      form: round and square wire
      aging: 750 °F (400 °C) for one hour
      unit_in_source: 60 (413) KSI (MPa)
    method: Value printed in a supplier product data page, mechanical table for round and square wire
    status: ground
    source: lfawire
    where: Mechanical properties, round and square wire table, row Hard (H), column 2% offset yield
  - benchmark: yield_strength
    label: Yield strength, 2 % offset, round wire spring temper
    value: 434
    unit: MPa
    scope: material
    conditions:
      grade: C15000 (AMZIRC)
      temper: spring
      form: round and square wire
      aging: 750 °F (400 °C) for one hour
      unit_in_source: 63 (434) KSI (MPa)
    method: Value printed in a supplier product data page, mechanical table for round and square wire
    status: ground
    source: lfawire
    where: Mechanical properties, round and square wire table, row Spring, column 2% offset yield
  - benchmark: ultimate_tensile_strength
    label: Tensile strength, round wire annealed temper
    value: 241
    unit: MPa
    scope: material
    conditions:
      grade: C15000 (AMZIRC)
      temper: annealed (A)
      form: round and square wire
      aging: 750 °F (400 °C) for one hour
      unit_in_source: 35 (241) KSI (MPa)
    method: Value printed in a supplier product data page, mechanical table for round and square wire
    status: ground
    source: lfawire
    where: Mechanical properties, round and square wire table, row Annealed (A), column Tensile
  - benchmark: ultimate_tensile_strength
    label: Tensile strength, round wire half hard temper
    value: 427
    unit: MPa
    scope: material
    conditions:
      grade: C15000 (AMZIRC)
      temper: half hard (1/2H)
      form: round and square wire
      aging: 750 °F (400 °C) for one hour
      unit_in_source: 62 (427) KSI (MPa)
    method: Value printed in a supplier product data page, mechanical table for round and square wire
    status: ground
    source: lfawire
    where: Mechanical properties, round and square wire table, row Half Hard (1/2H), column Tensile
  - benchmark: ultimate_tensile_strength
    label: Tensile strength, round wire hard temper
    value: 468
    unit: MPa
    scope: material
    conditions:
      grade: C15000 (AMZIRC)
      temper: hard (H)
      form: round and square wire
      aging: 750 °F (400 °C) for one hour
      unit_in_source: 68 (468) KSI (MPa)
    method: Value printed in a supplier product data page, mechanical table for round and square wire
    status: ground
    source: lfawire
    where: Mechanical properties, round and square wire table, row Hard (H), column Tensile
  - benchmark: ultimate_tensile_strength
    label: Tensile strength, round wire spring temper
    value: 496
    unit: MPa
    scope: material
    conditions:
      grade: C15000 (AMZIRC)
      temper: spring
      form: round and square wire
      aging: 750 °F (400 °C) for one hour
      unit_in_source: 72 (496) KSI (MPa)
    method: Value printed in a supplier product data page, mechanical table for round and square wire
    status: ground
    source: lfawire
    where: Mechanical properties, round and square wire table, row Spring, column Tensile
  - benchmark: elongation
    label: Elongation in 2 in / 50 mm, round wire annealed temper
    value: 55
    unit: '%'
    scope: material
    conditions:
      grade: C15000 (AMZIRC)
      temper: annealed (A)
      form: round and square wire
      gauge_length: 2 in / 50 mm
    method: Value printed in a supplier product data page, mechanical table for round and square wire
    status: ground
    source: lfawire
    where: Mechanical properties, round and square wire table, row Annealed (A), column Elongation
  - benchmark: elongation
    label: Elongation in 2 in / 50 mm, round wire half hard temper
    value: 11
    unit: '%'
    scope: material
    conditions:
      grade: C15000 (AMZIRC)
      temper: half hard (1/2H)
      form: round and square wire
      gauge_length: 2 in / 50 mm
    method: Value printed in a supplier product data page, mechanical table for round and square wire
    status: ground
    source: lfawire
    where: Mechanical properties, round and square wire table, row Half Hard (1/2H), column Elongation
  - benchmark: elongation
    label: Elongation in 2 in / 50 mm, round wire hard temper
    value: 10
    unit: '%'
    scope: material
    conditions:
      grade: C15000 (AMZIRC)
      temper: hard (H)
      form: round and square wire
      gauge_length: 2 in / 50 mm
    method: Value printed in a supplier product data page, mechanical table for round and square wire
    status: ground
    source: lfawire
    where: Mechanical properties, round and square wire table, row Hard (H), column Elongation
  - benchmark: elongation
    label: Elongation in 2 in / 50 mm, round wire spring temper
    value: 11
    unit: '%'
    scope: material
    conditions:
      grade: C15000 (AMZIRC)
      temper: spring
      form: round and square wire
      gauge_length: 2 in / 50 mm
    method: Value printed in a supplier product data page, mechanical table for round and square wire
    status: ground
    source: lfawire
    where: Mechanical properties, round and square wire table, row Spring, column Elongation
  - benchmark: ultimate_tensile_strength
    label: Tensile strength before 50 h at 400 °C, zirconium copper C15000
    value: 67.5
    unit: KSI
    scope: material
    conditions:
      grade: C15000 (AMZIRC)
      exposure: none (before exposure)
      reference_exposure: 50 h at 750 °F (400 °C)
      unit_in_source: 67.5 KSI (465 MPa) before exposure
    method: Value printed in a supplier product data page, tensile retention table
    status: ground
    source: lfawire
    where: Tensile retention after 50 hours at high temperature, row 750 °F (400 °C), before exposure
  - benchmark: ultimate_tensile_strength
    label: Tensile strength after 50 h at 400 °C, zirconium copper C15000
    value: 62
    unit: KSI
    scope: material
    conditions:
      grade: C15000 (AMZIRC)
      exposure: 50 h at 750 °F (400 °C)
      unit_in_source: 62 KSI after exposure
    method: Value printed in a supplier product data page, tensile retention table
    status: ground
    source: lfawire
    where: Tensile retention after 50 hours at high temperature, row 750 °F (400 °C), after exposure
  - benchmark: endurance_strength
    label: Endurance strength, zirconium copper C15000
    value: 28
    unit: KSI
    scope: material
    conditions:
      grade: C15000 (AMZIRC)
      cycles: 100,000,000
    method: Value printed in a supplier product data page, endurance strength entry
    status: ground
    source: lfawire
    where: Endurance strength entry, row Zirconium copper, 100,000,000 cycles
  - benchmark: aging_temperature
    label: Aging temperature, annealed zirconium copper C15000
    value: 500
    value_high: 550
    bound: range
    unit: °C
    scope: material
    conditions:
      grade: C15000 (AMZIRC)
      condition: annealed material
      duration: 1 to 4 hr
      unit_in_source: 930–1020 °F (500–550 °C) for 1–4 hr
    method: Range printed in a supplier product data page, heat treatment entry
    status: ground
    source: lfawire
    where: Aging temperature entry, annealed material
  - benchmark: aging_temperature
    label: Aging temperature, hard zirconium copper C15000
    value: 370
    value_high: 475
    bound: range
    unit: °C
    scope: material
    conditions:
      grade: C15000 (AMZIRC)
      condition: hard material
      duration: 1 to 4 hr
      unit_in_source: 700–890 °F (370–475 °C) for 1–4 hr
    method: Range printed in a supplier product data page, heat treatment entry
    status: ground
    source: lfawire
    where: Aging temperature entry, hard material
corrosion: []
risks:
  hazards: []
  failure_risks:
    - mode: Loss of tensile strength during long heating
      trigger: Exposure at 750 °F (400 °C) for 50 h
      consequence: The supplier's tensile retention test gives 67.5 KSI before exposure and 62 KSI after exposure. The sources give no service life at other temperatures.
      severity: moderate
      source: lfawire
      where: Tensile retention after 50 hours at high temperature table
  side_effects: []
  handling:
    - text: 'Specify the temper: round wire tensile strength runs from 241 MPa annealed to 496 MPa spring temper, so the temper must be stated.'
      source: lfawire
      where: Mechanical properties, round and square wire table
    - text: 'Age-hardening temperatures differ by temper: annealed material is aged at 500 to 550 °C and hard material at 370 to 475 °C, each for 1 to 4 hours.'
      source: lfawire
      where: Aging temperature entries
  mitigations: []
uses:
  - application: electronics-and-chips
    device: Electrical wire and resistance-welding electrodes
    example: LFA Wire sells the alloy as zirconium copper wire, and an ASM Alloy Digest entry for the Ansonia C15000 product is titled as a resistance electrode alloy.
    source: ansonia-asm
    where: Title of the ASM Alloy Digest entry; product title on the LFA Wire page
  - application: mechanisms
    device: Spring-temper round wire
    example: Spring temper round wire is listed at 496 MPa tensile strength after aging at 400 °C for one hour.
    source: lfawire
    where: Mechanical properties, round and square wire table, row Spring
  - application: thermal-control
    device: Conductive parts that carry heat
    example: Thermal conductivity is listed at 0.876 cal/sq cm/cm/sec/°C at 20 °C.
    source: lfawire
    where: Physical properties list, row Thermal conductivity
supply:
  - subject: Copper, the matrix metal of this alloy (mine production)
    producers:
      - country: Chile
        share_percent: 23
        year: 2025
      - country: Congo (Kinshasa)
        share_percent: 13.9
        year: 2025
      - country: Peru
        share_percent: 11.7
        year: 2025
      - country: China
        share_percent: 7.8
        year: 2025
      - country: Russia
        share_percent: 5.7
        year: 2025
    critical_lists:
      - list: U.S. Final 2025 List of Critical Minerals (copper added; USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026)
        listed: true
    recycling: 'USGS: old scrap provided an estimated 160,000 tons of copper in 2025, and copper recovered from scrap contributed about 30% of the U.S. copper supply; brass and wire-rod mills accounted for about 80% of the copper recovered from scrap.'
    substitutes: []
    source: usgs-mcs2026-copper
    where: World Mine and Refinery Production and Reserves table, mine production 2025e (world total 23,000 thousand t; shares calculated by Space Mushroom from the country values 5,300; 3,200; 2,700; 1,800; 1,300); Recycling paragraph; Events, Trends, and Issues critical minerals paragraph
documents:
  - title: 'LFA Wire: Zirconium Copper Wire, C15000 AMZIRC product data page'
    type: datasheet
    url: https://www.lfawire.com/?p=179
  - title: 'Total Materia: UNS C15000 Copper Alloys, physical properties and composition'
    type: database
    url: https://www.totalmateria.com/en-us/material/3034070
  - title: 'Total Materia: EN CW120C Copper Alloys (EN 12163: 2024, rod for general purposes)'
    type: database
    url: https://www.totalmateria.com/en-us/material/3041363
    year: 2024
  - title: 'ASM Alloy Digest: Ansonia Alloy C15000 Resistance Electrode Alloy (abstract)'
    type: database
    url: https://dl.asminternational.org/alloy-digest/article/60/5/Cu-798/7369/ANSONIA-ALLOY-C15000Resistance-Electrode-Alloy
  - title: 'USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026: Copper'
    type: report
    url: https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-copper.pdf
    year: 2026
gaps:
  - No corrosion, tarnish or atmospheric exposure data for C15000 were found in a source we could open, so the corrosion list is empty. Corrosion results for other copper grades in sister profiles were not reused.
  - No atomic-oxygen, outgassing (total mass loss or volatile condensable material), cold-welding, radiation or thermal-vacuum result for C15000 was found.
  - 'Zirconium supply and zirconium producer shares were not found: the USGS zirconium summary address returned a web page, not a PDF, in this run.'
  - No safety data sheet or GHS classification for this alloy was read, so no hazard codes are recorded.
  - All property values are supplier reference values. The LFA Wire page states 'Values for reference only. Not part of specification.' No ASTM B301 or EN 12163 limits were opened, so no specified minimum property values are recorded.
  - The Samaterials C15000 page gives theoretical data for this grade and was not used for any value.
  - The full ASM Alloy Digest datasheet for the Ansonia C15000 product is paywalled; only the abstract was read, so its composition and property tables are not recorded. The Enggpro supplier page returned 'Invalid company' and gave no values.
  - 'Designations: no open source printed an EN numeric material number, ASTM, JIS or AMS designation for this grade; the EN and ISO names come from the Total Materia pages.'
  - Electrical conductivity was recorded only for the aged condition (93 %IACS); no annealed or hard-condition conductivity was found.
  - Thermal conductivity was printed only in cal units by the supplier; no SI conversion was recorded because the page does not print one.
  - The supplier's endurance strength (28 KSI at 100,000,000 cycles) is recorded without a comparison to other grades; the endurance test method is not stated.
  - The recipe gives composition in weight-percent ranges, not atoms or atomic weights, because the sources print alloy shares only.
sources:
  lfawire:
    title: LFA Wire, Zirconium Copper Wire, C15000 (AMZIRC) product data page
    url: https://www.lfawire.com/?p=179
    kind: datasheet
    license: Supplier product page (cited, not reproduced); states values are for reference only
  totalmateria-c15000:
    title: Total Materia, UNS C15000 Copper Alloys
    id: UNS C15000
    url: https://www.totalmateria.com/en-us/material/3034070
    kind: database
    license: Materials database entry (cited, not reproduced)
  totalmateria-cw120c:
    title: 'Total Materia, EN CW120C Copper Alloys (EN 12163: 2024, rod for general purposes)'
    id: EN CW120C; ISO CuZr
    url: https://www.totalmateria.com/en-us/material/3041363
    year: 2024
    kind: database
    license: Materials database entry (cited, not reproduced)
  ansonia-asm:
    title: ASM Alloy Digest, Ansonia Alloy C15000 Resistance Electrode Alloy (Cu-798), abstract
    id: UNS C15000
    url: https://dl.asminternational.org/alloy-digest/article/60/5/Cu-798/7369/ANSONIA-ALLOY-C15000Resistance-Electrode-Alloy
    kind: handbook
    license: ASM International abstract (cited, not reproduced)
  usgs-mcs2026-copper:
    title: Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026, Copper
    id: USGS MCS 2026
    url: https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-copper.pdf
    year: 2026
    kind: report
    license: public domain (USGS)
license: CC-BY-4.0
updated: '2026-11-01'
review:
  status: draft
  method: assistant
  checked_values: 26
  unreachable: 8
  caveats: 5
  note: 'Values were read by an AI assistant on 2026-11-01 from the LFA Wire page (fetched summary of the page), the Total Materia pages, and the USGS copper PDF (extracted text). Unreachable or blocked in this run: Makeitfrom, Anchor Bronze, Cadi Group UL Prospector, Suppliersonline, Copper Development Association alloy page, Goodfellow, Enggpro (invalid company), and the Springer table. Caveats: all strength values are one supplier''s reference values for round wire; the aged conductivity is one supplier''s value; the 0.0186 resistivity has no stated temperature; the supply shares are calculated from USGS 2025e mine tonnages; zirconium supply was not found.'
story:
  recipe:
    line: Zirconium copper C15000 is a copper alloy with a small zirconium addition. Total Materia prints the zirconium range as "0.1 – 0.2" % and the copper as "Remainder". It is supplied as wire and rod, and is age-hardened by a heat treatment at 370 to 550 °C, depending on the temper.
    parts:
      - name: Copper
        symbol: Cu
        share: remainder
        role: The matrix. Copper keeps most of its electrical and thermal conductivity in the alloy.
      - name: Zirconium
        symbol: Zr
        share: 0.1 to 0.2 wt%
        role: The alloying addition. The supplier's aging heat treatment gives the alloy its strength.
  risk_groups:
    - title: For people
      level: 0
      verdict: No hazard data read for this grade
      lead: No safety data sheet for C15000 was read in this run, so this profile records no hazard classification.
      points:
        - label: Hazard data
          line: Not found in any source we hold. The copper hazard codes in the sister copper profile belong to the element and are not reused here.
    - title: If it fails
      level: 1
      verdict: Strength loss after heating
      lead: The main failure route in the supplier data is loss of strength during long heating.
      points:
        - label: Long heating
          line: After 50 h at 400 °C the tensile strength falls from 67.5 KSI to 62 KSI in the supplier's test.
    - title: Handling and storage
      points:
        - label: Temper
          line: Tensile strength ranges from 241 MPa annealed to 496 MPa in spring temper, so the temper must be specified.
        - label: Aging
          line: Annealed material is aged at 500 to 550 °C for 1 to 4 h, and hard material at 370 to 475 °C for 1 to 4 h.
  why: 'Zirconium copper C15000 is a copper alloy with a small zirconium addition that is age-hardened to gain strength while keeping much of copper''s conductivity. The LFA Wire page lists its density as 8.89 g/cm3 at 20 °C and its electrical conductivity as 93 %IACS when aged. Its strength depends on temper: round wire ranges from 241 MPa tensile when annealed to 496 MPa tensile in spring temper. Those figures come from one supplier and are reference values, not a specification.'
  uses:
    - where: Wire and electrodes
      line: The two uses named in the sources read are electrical wire and resistance-welding electrodes. The ASM Alloy Digest entry for the Ansonia C15000 product is titled a resistance electrode alloy.
    - where: Springs
      line: Spring temper round wire is listed at 496 MPa tensile strength after aging at 400 °C for one hour.
  can_do:
    - label: Carry current
      value: 93 %IACS when aged
      benchmark: electrical_conductivity
      line: Electrical conductivity is 93 %IACS when aged, per the LFA Wire page.
    - label: Carry heat
      value: 0.876 cal/sq cm/cm/sec/°C
      benchmark: thermal_conductivity
      line: Thermal conductivity is 0.876 cal/sq cm/cm/sec/°C at 20 °C, per the same page.
    - label: Stay strong when hot
      value: 62 KSI after 50 h at 400 °C
      benchmark: ultimate_tensile_strength
      line: Tensile strength falls from 67.5 KSI to 62 KSI after 50 h at 400 °C in the supplier test.
    - label: Stiffness
      value: 18,700 KSI
      benchmark: elastic_modulus
      line: The modulus of elasticity in tension is 18,700 KSI.
    - label: Weight
      value: 8.89 g/cm3
      benchmark: density
      line: Density is 8.89 g/cm3 at 20 °C, per the LFA Wire page.
  compare: Zirconium copper is an age-hardened copper alloy, so it trades part of pure copper's conductivity for strength that can be raised by heat treatment. It is a different grade from the CuCr1Zr electrode alloy profiled separately, and the two are not compared numerically here, because no figure for CuCr1Zr was read in this run. Read the table rows as examples of this grade only, not as a ranking.
  compare_rows:
    - label: Density
      benchmark: density
    - label: Electrical resistivity
      benchmark: electrical_resistivity
    - label: Elastic modulus
      benchmark: elastic_modulus
  handling:
    - Specify the temper, because round wire tensile strength runs from 241 MPa annealed to 496 MPa spring temper.
    - Age annealed material at 500 to 550 °C and hard material at 370 to 475 °C, each for 1 to 4 h, as the supplier advises.
    - Avoid long service near 400 °C where strength must be kept, since tensile strength fell after 50 h at 400 °C in the supplier test.
  good_for:
    - 'Current-carrying wire and electrodes that need strength after heating: 93 %IACS when aged, with up to 496 MPa tensile in spring temper.'
    - 'Repeated stress: endurance strength of 28 KSI at 100,000,000 cycles, per the supplier.'
  watch_out:
    - 'Strength falls on long heating: 67.5 KSI to 62 KSI after 50 h at 400 °C in the supplier test.'
    - All values are one supplier's reference data, and the page says they are not part of specification.
    - No corrosion, outgassing, atomic-oxygen, radiation or cold-welding data for this grade were found.
  verdict: Zirconium copper C15000 is a wire and electrode alloy that combines copper's conductivity with age-hardened strength. The supplier lists 93 %IACS when aged and tensile strength from 241 MPa to 496 MPa by temper, but it loses strength on long heating and no space-environment test data for this grade were found.