Thermal conductivity of materials: metals, polymers and ceramics compared
properties/thermal-conductivity-of-materialsThermal conductivity of metals, polymers and ceramics ranked from sourced values, with specific heat and thermal expansion. Ranked by the column you pick. Measured values come first; calculated values are labeled, and predictions are never mixed in as measurements.
| # | Material | Thermal conductivity | Specific heat | Thermal expansion | Data |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| KNAlumel | 29.7 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 523 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 12 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Al2O3Alumina | 30 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 8.2 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| 1050Aluminium alloy 1050 | 222 to 229 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 23.5 to 24 x10-6/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| 2011Aluminium alloy 2011 | 138 to 150 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 21.4 to 22.9 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| 2014Aluminium alloy 2014 | 138 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 23 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| 2017Aluminium alloy 2017 | 134 to 140 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 880 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 22.9 to 23.6 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 2024Aluminium alloy 2024 | 120 to 121 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 875 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 22.9 to 23.2 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 2219Aluminium alloy 2219 | 130 W.m/m2.°Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 860 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 22.5 x10^-6 m/m.°Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 2017AAluminium alloy 2017A | 134 to 140 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 880 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 22.9 to 23.6 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 2618AAluminium alloy 2618A | 147 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 21.6 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| 3003Aluminium alloy 3003 | 190 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 23.1 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| 5019Aluminium alloy 5019 | 110 to 140 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 904 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 2 of 3 | |
| 5052Aluminium alloy 5052 | 138 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 24.8 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| 3103Aluminium alloy 3103 | 160 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 23.1 x10-6/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| 5056Aluminium alloy 5056 | 109 to 117 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 24.1 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| 5083Aluminium alloy 5083 | 121 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 25 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| AlMg2Aluminium alloy 5251 | 138 to 149 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 898 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 23.8 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| AlMg3Aluminium alloy 5754 | 132 to 160 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 900 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 23.9 to 24 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 5XXXAluminium-magnesium alloys (5XXX series) | 120 to 138 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 24 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| 6013Aluminium alloy 6013 | 164 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 21.7 to 23.4 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| 6061Aluminium alloy 6061 | 167 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 23.6 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| 6063Aluminium alloy 6063 | 200 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 23.5 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| 6082Aluminium alloy 6082 | 170 to 220 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 896 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 23.1 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 7075-T6Aluminium alloy 7075-T6 | 130 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 960 to 962 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 23.4 to 23.6 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| AA7050Aluminium alloy 7050 | 154 to 157 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 860 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 22.1 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| AA8011Aluminium alloy 8011 | 210 to 220 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 23.5 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| C630Aluminium bronze C63000 (wrought, CuAl10Ni5Fe4) | 37.7 to 63 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 452 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 15 to 17 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| AlNAluminium nitride | 140 to 180 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 740 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 4.5 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| AlAluminium | 220 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 900 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 22.5 to 24 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| AluminosilicateAluminosilicate glass | 1.09 W/(m·K)calculatedcalculated (hidden) | 768 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 31.7 to 81.4 x10^-7/Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| AsArsenic | 50 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | no data | 1 of 3 | |
| SbAntimony | 24 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 205 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 11 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| BaTiO3Barium titanate | 6 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 527 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 6.2 to 15.7 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| BaBarium metal | 18.4 W/(m·K)calculatedcalculated (hidden) | 204 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 20.6 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| BeCuBeryllium copper | 105 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 17.5 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| BeOBeryllium oxide | 285 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | no data | 1 of 3 | |
| BeBeryllium | 216 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 1.95 J/g/°Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 11.3 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Bi2Te3, Sb2Te3Bismuth telluride (with antimony telluride) | 1.29 to 1.48 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | no data | 1 of 3 | |
| B4CBoron carbide | 45 to 100 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 4.5 to 4.9 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| BiBismuth | 8 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 13.4 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| h-BNHexagonal boron nitride | 30 to 600 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 0.4 to 3.1 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| BorosilicateBorosilicate glass | 1.2 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 830 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3.25 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| C510Phosphor bronze C51000 (CuSn5P) | 84 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 380 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 17.8 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| C360Free-cutting brass C36000 | 116 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 20.5 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| C954Aluminium bronze C95400 | 58.7 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 419 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 15.5 to 16.2 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| BBoron | 27 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 4.5 to 6 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| CdCadmium | 97 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 30.8 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| CdSeCadmium selenide (infrared optical crystal) | 6.2 to 6.9 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 258 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2.45 to 4.4 x10-6/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| CsICaesium iodide (CsI), with thallium and sodium doped scintillator grades | 1.1 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 201 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 48.3 to 51 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| CaF2Calcium fluoride (single-crystal CaF2, fluorite) | 9.71 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 854 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 18.9 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| CFCarbon fibre (PAN-based, pitch-based) and carbon/carbon | 9.37 to 140 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 753 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | -0.38 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| CNTCarbon nanotubes | 1,750 to 5,800 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | no data | 1 of 3 | |
| C260Cartridge brass 70/30 | 121 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 377 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 20 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| CaCalcium | 200 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 22.3 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| CA, CABCellulose acetate (CA) and cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB), cellulose esters for films, fibres, moulded parts and coatings | 0.17 to 0.33 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 1,260 to 1,670 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 11 to 17 10^-5 mm/mm·°Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| RCFRefractory ceramic fibre insulation (alumina-silica) | 0.08 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 1,050 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 2 of 3 | |
| CeCerium | 11.3 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 205 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Ni-10Cr (Chromel-P)Chromel | 19.2 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 448 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 13.1 to 17 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Cr alloysChromium-rich binary alloys | 93.9 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | no data | 1 of 3 | |
| CrChromium | 93.9 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 4.9 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| UNS R30605Cobalt-chromium alloys (Haynes 25 / L-605 and CoCrMo medical grades) | 9.4 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 14.4 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| CoCobalt | 100 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 456 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 12.9 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| CuNiConstantan | 19.5 to 21.2 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 410 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 14.5 to 14.9 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| CuCopper | 391 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 394 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 17.6 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| CuCrZrCopper-chromium-zirconium (CuCrZr) | 310 to 330 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 367 to 386 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 17 to 17.6 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| CuNi 70/30Cupronickel 70/30 | 29 to 33 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 377 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 13.2 to 16.2 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 2101Lean duplex stainless steel 2101 (UNS S32101) | 16 to 18 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 530 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 13 to 14 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| DyDysprosium | 11 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 9.9 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| ECTFE (Halar)Ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene | 0.16 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 31.1 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| Fe-SiSilicon electrical steel | 21 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 12 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| ErErbium | 14.5 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | no data | 1 of 3 | |
| EuEuropium | 13.9 to 14 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 35 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| Ni-Cr-Al-Cu precision resistance alloyEvanohm | 14.6 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 435 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 11.7 to 13 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Fe-Cr-Al-YFecralloy | 16 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 11.1 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| FR-4FR-4 glass-fibre epoxy laminate | 0.4 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 13 to 230 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| SiO2 glassFused silica | 1.3 to 1.4 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 720 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 0.55 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| GdGadolinium | 10.6 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 230 to 235 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 6.4 to 11.1 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| GaInSnGalinstan | 25.4 to 26.4 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | no data | 1 of 3 | |
| GaAsGallium arsenide | 46 to 55 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 330 to 350 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 5.73 to 6.86 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| GaNGallium nitride | 130 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 490 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 5.59 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| C21000Gilding metal 95/5 | 189 to 234 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 380 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 18.4 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| GeGermanium | 58.6 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 310 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 5.8 to 6.1 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| GCGlassy carbon | 4.6 to 6.3 W/(K.m)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 2.5 to 2.6 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| Au alloysGold alloys | 49 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 14 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| AuSnGold-tin eutectic solder (Au80Sn20) | 57 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 16 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| AuGold | 320 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 129 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 14.2 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| GO, rGOGraphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide | 10 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | no data | 1 of 3 | |
| GrapheneGraphene | 160 to 5,000 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | no data | 1 of 3 | |
| Gray iron (ASTM A48, EN-GJL, GG 25)Gray cast iron (flake graphite iron) | 50 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 460 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 2 of 3 | |
| Gr-SStructural graphite | 8 to 1,800 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 6 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| HfO2Hafnium oxide | 1.5 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | no data | 1 of 3 | |
| HfHafnium | 23 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 25,690 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 5.9 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Ni-MoHastelloy B-3 | 11.2 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 373 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 10.6 to 11.8 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| C-276 (UNS N10276)Hastelloy C-276 | 7.3 to 19 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 427 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 11.2 to 13.3 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| C-22Hastelloy C-22 | 10.1 to 21.3 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 410 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 12.4 to 15.3 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| X (UNS N06002)Hastelloy X | 9.2 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 486 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 13.9 to 16.4 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| UNS R30004Havar | 13 to 14.7 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 12.5 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| UNS N07214Haynes 214 | 12 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 452 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 14.6 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| H230 (UNS N06230)Haynes 230 | 8.9 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 397 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 11.8 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| HoHolmium | 16 to 16.2 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 165 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 11.2 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| UNS N08800Incoloy 800 | 11.5 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 460 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 14.4 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Alloy 825 (UNS N08825)Incoloy 825 | 11.1 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 440 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 13.9 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Alloy 600 (UNS N06600, W.Nr. 2.4816)Inconel 600 | 14.9 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 444 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 10.4 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Alloy 601Inconel 601 | 11.2 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 448 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 13.8 to 17.8 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Alloy 617Inconel 617 | 13.4 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 419 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 11.6 to 13.7 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| IN625 (UNS N06625)Inconel 625 | 9.8 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 410 J/(kg·K)calculatedcalculated (hidden) | 12.8 to 14.8 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| In-Sn / In-AgIndium-tin and indium-silver solders | 34 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 20 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| X-750 (UNS N07750)Inconel X-750 | 83 Btu/in./hr/sq ft/°Fmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 0.1 Btu/lb/°Fmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7 10-6 in./in./°Fmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| InIndium | 82 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 234 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 32.1 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| FeNi36Invar 36 | 10.5 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 515 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 1.18 to 4.92 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| IN718 (UNS N07718)Inconel 718 | 11.4 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 435 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 16 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| IrIridium | 59 to 147 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 131 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 6.47 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Fe2O3, Fe3O4Iron oxide | 5 to 10 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 500 to 800 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 9.2 to 13.3 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Fe-Ni-CoKovar | 17.5 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 500 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 5.25 to 6.15 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| LaB6Lanthanum hexaboride | 47 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 6.2 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| LCPLiquid crystal polymer | 0.18 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 1,000 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | -80 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| LaLanthanum | 13 to 13.4 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 195 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 5.1 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Pb alloysLead alloys other than antimonial lead (Pb-Sn-Ag, Pb-Sn-Sb, Pb-Bi, Pb-Se) | 49 to 50 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | no data | 1 of 3 | |
| PbLead | 35 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 28.9 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| CW614NLeaded free-machining brass CW614N (CuZn39Pb3, UNS C38500) | 123 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 380 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 21.4 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| LiFLithium fluoride (single-crystal LiF) | 11.3 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 1,562 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 37 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| LuLutetium | 16.4 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 155 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 12.5 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| MGCMacor | 1.46 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 0.79 kJ/kg°Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 9.3 to 12.6 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| MgOMagnesium oxide (magnesia) | 42 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 877 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 10.8 to 14 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| AZ31BMagnesium alloy AZ31B | 96 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 1,001 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 26 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| AZ61Magnesium alloy AZ61 | 79.5 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 1,050 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 26 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| EV31AMagnesium alloy EV31A (Elektron 21) | 116 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 1,086 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 26.3 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| MgMagnesium (pure metal) | 156 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | no data | 1 of 3 | |
| MnManganese | 7.8 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 21.7 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| CuMn12NiManganin | 22 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 410 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 14 to 19.5 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| MAXMAX phase ceramics | 43 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | no data | 1 of 3 | |
| TM boridesMetal borides (transition-metal diborides and boride layers) | 16 to 60 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 5.9 to 8.2 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| MoSi2Molybdenum disilicide | 15 to 30 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 420 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7 to 8 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| MoMolybdenum | 142 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 250 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 5.2 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Alloy 400 (UNS N04400)Monel 400 | 22 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 427 to 430 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 13.9 to 14.2 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| K-500Monel K-500 | 17.4 to 17.5 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 419 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 13.7 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Ni-Fe-MoMu-metal | 19 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 460 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 12 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| MBCMycelium-bound composite | 0.04 to 0.085 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 1,714 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 2 of 3 | |
| NdFeBNeodymium-iron-boron sintered magnet alloy | 6.16 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 4 to 7 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| NdNeodymium | 16.5 to 17 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 190 to 205 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 6.7 to 9.6 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| NiCr 80/20Nichrome | 15 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 460 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 14.1 to 17.2 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| NiBe2Nickel-beryllium alloy 360 (UNS N03360) | 48 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 14.5 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| Ni-alloysMinor nickel alloys (nickel-iron soft-magnetic and nickel-manganese grades) | 13 to 44 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 500 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| NiNickel | 70.3 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 456 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 13.3 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| C75200Nickel silver C75200 | 32 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 380 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 17.7 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| UNS N07090 (W. Nr. 2.4632)Nimonic 90 | 11.5 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 446 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 12.7 to 16.2 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Nb alloysNiobium alloys (Nb-1Zr, C-103, FS-85) | 38.1 to 44.7 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | no data | 1 of 3 | |
| NbNiobium | 53.7 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 265 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.07 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| NiTiNitinol | 8.6 to 18 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 6.6 to 11 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| Nitronic 60Nitronic 60 stainless steel | 9 Btu/ft hr °Fmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 0.12 Btu/lb °Fmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 15.8 to 19.8 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| NomexNomex meta-aramid fibre and fabric | 0.14 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 18 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| OsOsmium | 87.6 to 88 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 131 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 4.57 to 5.1 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| PAIPolyamide-imide | 0.53 W/m/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 25 to 31 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| Pd-AgPalladium-silver alloys | 61 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | no data | 1 of 3 | |
| PA 46Polyamide 46 (nylon 46) | 0.3 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 90 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| PdPalladium | 72 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 11.8 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| PBIPolybenzimidazole | 0.41 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 23 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| PA 66Polyamide 66 (nylon 66) | 0.33 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 1,700 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 98 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| PDMSPolydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), Sylgard 184 and silicone elastomer | 0.27 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 340 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| PEEKPolyetheretherketone | 0.29 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | no data | 1 of 3 | |
| PBTPolybutylene terephthalate (PBT) | 0.27 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 1,250 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 115 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| PEIPolyetherimide | 0.22 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 52 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| PEKPolyetherketone | 0.29 W/m/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2,200 J/kg/°Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 55 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| PENPolyethylene naphthalate (PEN), biaxially oriented film and engineering resin | 0.15 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 20 to 21 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| Ni-Fe-MoPermalloy 80 | 19 to 34.6 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 12 to 12.7 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| FeCoVPermendur (Hiperco 50) | 29.8 to 30 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 9.4 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| PETPolyethylene terephthalate (PET), including biaxially oriented film (Mylar) | 0.15 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 1,172 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 17 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| PFAPerfluoroalkoxy alkane | 0.2 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 1,172 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 2 of 3 | |
| PGPyrolytic graphite | 10 to 1,700 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 712 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 0.6 to 4.3 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| C521Phosphor bronze C52100 (CuSn8) | 67 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 377 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 17.4 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| UNS R30003Phynox | 12.5 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 450 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 12.5 to 15.2 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| PI (Kapton HN)Kapton HN polyimide film | 0.12 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 1,090 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 20 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| PI (Upilex-S)Upilex-S polyimide film (BPDA) | 0.29 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 1,130 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 12 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| PMMAPoly(methyl methacrylate) | 0.19 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 70 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| PtPlatinum | 71.6 to 74 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 133 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.93 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| KPotassium metal and NaK eutectic | 0.23 cal/(sec degC cm)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 0.18 cal/(g deg)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 2 of 3 | |
| PrPraseodymium | 12.5 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 193 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 4.5 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| PSGeneral-purpose polystyrene (GPPS) and high-impact polystyrene (HIPS) | 0.17 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 80 to 90 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| ReRhenium | 48 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | no data | 1 of 3 | |
| RhRhodium | 150 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 243 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.46 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| -Rose's metal, Newton's metal, Field's metal and the bismuth-lead and bismuth-tin eutectics | 4 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 155 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 2 of 3 | |
| Cr:Al2O3Ruby (chromium-doped single-crystal alumina) | 33 to 35 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 761 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 4.78 to 5.31 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| RuRuthenium | 117 to 120 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 6.78 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| SmSamarium | 13 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 12.7 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| Al2O3Sapphire (single-crystal alpha-alumina) | 23 to 42 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 750 to 763 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 5.6 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| ScScandium | 15.8 to 16 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 568 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 9.97 to 10.2 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| SeSelenium | 0.52 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | no data | 1 of 3 | |
| AlN-BNShapal | 90 to 92 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 4.8 to 5 x10-6/°Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| SiO2 aerogelSilica aerogel | 0.014 to 0.02 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | no data | 1 of 3 | |
| C655Silicon bronze C65500 (CuSi3Mn1) | 36.3 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 377 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 18 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| SiCSilicon carbide | 140 to 490 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 800 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 4.4 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Si3N4Silicon nitride | 24 to 29 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 620 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 1.4 to 3.2 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| SiSilicon | 150 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | no data | 1 of 3 | |
| RTVLow-outgassing silicone RTV (DOWSIL 93-500 space-grade encapsulant) | 0.15 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | no data | 1 of 3 | |
| Ag alloysSilver alloys (brazing, silver-gold and contact alloys) | 371 W/(m·K)calculatedcalculated (hidden) | no data | 19.6 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| AgSilver | 429 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 237 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 19.1 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| SmCoSamarium-cobalt sintered magnet alloy | 11.6 to 12.8 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 370 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8 to 11 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| NaSodium | 132 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 1,252 to 1,372 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 2 of 3 | |
| Soda-limeSoda-lime glass | 0.94 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 880 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 9.5 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| SAC305SAC305 solder (Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu) | 61 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 21 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| SnPbTin-lead solder (Sn63/Pb37 eutectic and Sn60/Pb40) | 49 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | no data | 1 of 3 | |
| 15-7 PHPH 15-7 Mo stainless steel | 16.2 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 10.1 to 14.4 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| 1.4418 (X4CrNiMo16-5-1)Martensitic stainless steel (EN 1.4418, X4CrNiMo16-5-1) | 15 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 430 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 10.8 to 11.6 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 2507 (UNS S32750)Super duplex stainless steel 2507 | 14 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 490 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 13.5 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 17-7 PH (UNS S17700, EN 1.4568, Type 631)17-7 PH stainless steel | 16.9 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 11.9 to 17.3 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| 301 (UNS S30100)Stainless steel 301 | 16.3 to 21.4 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 500 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 16.6 to 19.8 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 17-4 PH (UNS S17400, Type 630)17-4 PH stainless steel | 17.9 to 22.6 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 419 to 460 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 11.2 to 13 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 2205 (UNS S32205)Duplex stainless steel 2205 | 14 to 15 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 400 to 480 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 11 to 13 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 302AISI 302 stainless steel (UNS S30200, EN 1.4310) | 16.3 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 500 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 16.6 to 17.3 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 303 (UNS S30300)Stainless steel 303 | 15 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 500 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 17.3 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 2304 (UNS S32304, EN 1.4362)Lean duplex stainless steel 2304 | 16 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 490 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 13 to 14 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 304L (UNS S30403)Stainless steel 304L | 16.3 to 21.4 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 500 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 16.6 to 19.8 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 309AISI 309 stainless steel | 15.6 to 18.7 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 502 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 15.6 to 19.4 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 310S (UNS S31008, EN 1.4845)Stainless steel 310S | 13 to 15 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 480 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 15.9 to 18.3 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 321AISI 321 stainless steel (UNS S32100, EN 1.4541) | 15 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 500 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 16.6 to 20.5 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 317LAISI 317L stainless steel | 13.5 to 14 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 500 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 16.5 to 18.2 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 316 (UNS S31600)Stainless steel 316 | 13 to 17 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 450 to 530 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 16.5 to 18.2 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 347AISI 347 stainless steel | 16.3 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 500 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 16.6 to 18.9 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 347HAISI 347H stainless steel | 14 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 485 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 16.6 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 409 (UNS S40900, EN 1.4512)Stainless steel 409 | 25 to 25.8 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 460 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 10.5 to 12 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 316L (UNS S31603)Stainless steel 316L | 14.6 to 16.2 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 450 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 16 to 16.5 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 410 (UNS S41000)Stainless steel 410 | 24.9 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 480 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 9.9 to 11.6 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 410S (UNS S41008)Stainless steel 410S | 26.9 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 460 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 10.8 to 13.5 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 420Stainless steel 420 | 24.9 to 30 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 460 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 10.3 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 416AISI 416 stainless steel | 24.9 to 30 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 460 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 9.9 to 10.1 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 431 (UNS S43100, EN 1.4057)Stainless steel 431 | 25 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 460 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 10 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 430 (UNS S43000)Stainless steel 430 | 23.9 to 26 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 460 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 10.3 to 11.9 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 430F (UNS S43020)Stainless steel 430F | 25 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 460 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 10 to 11.4 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 440C (UNS S44004)Stainless steel 440C | 22.8 to 24.2 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 10 to 10.1 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| 444 (UNS S44400)Stainless steel 444 | 23 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 430 to 460 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 10.3 to 11.6 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 904L (UNS N08904, EN 1.4539)Super-austenitic stainless steel 904L | 12 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 450 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 15.3 to 16.5 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 304 (UNS S30400)Stainless steel 304 | 14 to 17 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 490 to 530 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 2 of 3 | |
| S41500 (F6NM forged, CA6NM cast)Martensitic stainless steel 13Cr-4Ni (UNS S41500) | 25 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 430 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 2 of 3 | |
| 1010 (UNS G10100, AISI 1010)Carbon steel 1010 | 64.2 W/(m∙°C)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 450 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 2 of 3 | |
| 1018 (UNS G10180, AISI 1018)Carbon steel 1018 | 25 to 93 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 450 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 2 of 3 | |
| MgO-SiO2Steatite | 2 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 750 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.7 to 9.2 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 1070 (UNS G10700, AISI 1070, SAE 1070)Carbon steel 1070 | 50 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 470 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 11.8 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 1215 (UNS G12150, AISI 1215)Carbon steel 1215 | 51.9 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 472 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 11.5 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 4130 (UNS G41300)Alloy steel AISI 4130 (chromium-molybdenum) | 30.1 to 42.7 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 477 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3.44 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 4140 (UNS G41400)Alloy steel AISI 4140 (chromium-molybdenum) | 42.6 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 473 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 12.2 to 14.6 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| TaCTantalum carbide | 22 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 6.3 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| TaTantalum | 57 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | no data | 1 of 3 | |
| Cu-TeTellurium copper | 355 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 386 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 16.5 to 17.1 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| TeTellurium | 3 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | no data | 1 of 3 | |
| TbTerbium | 11 to 11.1 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 182 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 10.3 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| TCThermocouple wire alloys (Types J, T, E and N) | 81 to 391 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 500 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 17.6 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| WT20Thoriated tungsten (WT20) | 174 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | no data | 1 of 3 | |
| TmThulium | 16.9 to 17 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 160 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 13.3 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Ti-6Al-4VTitanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V (Grade 5) | 6.7 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 526 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.6 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| SnZn and SnBiTin-zinc (Sn91Zn9 eutectic) and tin-bismuth (Sn42Bi58) low-temperature solders | 61 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 239 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 15 to 21 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| SnTin | 66.6 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 213 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 22 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Sn/CuTinned copper | 66.6 to 430 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 22 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| TiB2Titanium diboride | 60 to 120 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 617 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.4 to 8.6 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Ti Grade 11Commercially pure titanium with palladium, Grade 11 (UNS R52250) | 16 to 21.8 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 9.7 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| CP Ti Grade 2Commercially pure titanium, Grade 2 (UNS R50400) | 22 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | no data | 1 of 3 | |
| Ti Gr 12Titanium grade 12, Ti-0.3Mo-0.8Ni (UNS R53400) | 19 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 544 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 9.54 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Ti-6Al-4V ELITitanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) | 6.6 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 580 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 9 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| CP Ti Grade 3Commercially pure titanium, Grade 3 (UNS R50550) | 21.8 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 8.6 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| CP Ti Grade 7Commercially pure titanium, Grade 7 (UNS R52400, Ti-0.15Pd) | 21.8 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 9.7 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| TiNTitanium nitride | 7.01 to 27 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | no data | 1 of 3 | |
| Ti minor alloysMinor titanium alloys, Ti-Mo, Ti-V, Ti-Fe, Ti-Si and Ti-Ga binaries, Ti-6Al-6V-2Sn, Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al and Ti-3Al-8V-6Cr-4Mo-4Zr (Beta C) | 0.71 to 7.8 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 9.7 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| 1.2316 (X38CrMo16)1.2316 stainless plastic mould steel (EN 1.2316, printed name X38CrMo16) | 23.5 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 10.5 to 11.7 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| 1.2738 (P20+Ni)1.2738 plastic mould steel (40CrMnNiMo8-6-4, AISI P20+Ni) | 29 to 34.5 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 470 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 11.5 to 12.6 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| H13 (EN 1.2344)AISI H13 hot-work tool steel (EN 1.2344, X40CrMoV5-1) | 25 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 12.6 to 13.2 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| P20 (UNS T51620)P20 plastic mould steel (AISI P20, UNS T51620, EN 1.2311) | 32.5 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 11.7 to 14.3 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| D2 (UNS T30402, EN 1.2379)AISI D2 cold-work tool steel (EN 1.2379, X153CrMoV12) | 20 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 460 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 11.2 to 12.3 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| WCTungsten carbide (cemented carbide) | 110 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 4.4 to 6.7 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| W-CuTungsten-copper | 180 to 235 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 8.3 to 8.8 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| WS2Tungsten disulfide | 32 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | no data | 1 of 3 | |
| WTungsten | 174 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 4.5 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| UHMWPEUltra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene | 0.41 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 198 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| TZMTZM molybdenum alloy | 130 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 250 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 5.3 to 5.7 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| VVanadium | 30.7 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 8.3 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| UNS N07001Waspaloy | 12.6 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 13.9 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| YbYtterbium | 34.9 to 38.5 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 145 to 155 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 26.3 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| YYttrium | 17.2 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 298 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 11.2 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| ZamakZamak (zinc die-casting alloys) | 105 to 115 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 419 to 435 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 27 to 27.3 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Y2O3Yttrium oxide | 10 to 14.5 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 466 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.9 to 8.2 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| ZnOZinc oxide | 50 W/(m·K)calculatedcalculated (hidden) | no data | no data | 1 of 3 | |
| Zn minor alloysZinc minor alloys (rolled titanium-zinc, zinc-nickel plating, zinc-aluminium-magnesium coatings) | 109 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 22 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| ZnSeZinc selenide (polycrystalline optical material) | 18 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 339 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.1 x10-6/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| ZnSZinc sulphide (CVD multispectral and IR grades) | 27.2 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 124 to 515 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 6.5 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Mg-PSZ, ATZ, ZTAMagnesia-stabilised zirconia and other zirconia grades | 2.2 to 27 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 400 to 470 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 6.9 to 10.4 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| ZnZinc and zinc alloys | 109 to 115 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 419 to 435 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 22 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Zr alloysZirconium alloys (Zircaloy, ZIRLO, Zr-2.5Nb, Zr-Al) | 21.5 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 285 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 6 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| ZrCZirconium carbide | 17.5 to 40 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 4 to 10.2 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| YSZYttria-stabilised zirconia | 2.2 to 3 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 500 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 9 to 10.3 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| ZrZirconium and Zircaloy | 21.5 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 285 J/(kg·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 6 ppm/Kmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 |
No materials match.
These values come from different cells and tests, so the order is a guide, not a verdict. Hover a value, or open the material, to see its conditions.
Hover a value to see its conditions. Open a material for the method and the source. Want a missing value? Add a result. Download this comparison as CSV.
What each material can do wrong, and how much we still do not know. Open a material for the full detail and sources.
| Material | Hazards | Failure risks | Worst severity | Known gaps |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KNAlumel | 2 | 3 | high | 12 |
| Al2O3Alumina | 2 | 3 | moderate | 8 |
| 1050Aluminium alloy 1050 | 2 | 3 | high | 17 |
| 2011Aluminium alloy 2011 | 3 | 2 | moderate | 15 |
| 2014Aluminium alloy 2014 | 2 | 3 | critical | 10 |
| 2017Aluminium alloy 2017 | 2 | 3 | moderate | 11 |
| 2024Aluminium alloy 2024 | 2 | 3 | high | 23 |
| 2219Aluminium alloy 2219 | 1 | 1 | high | 8 |
| 2017AAluminium alloy 2017A | 2 | 3 | moderate | 11 |
| 2618AAluminium alloy 2618A | 3 | 3 | high | 14 |
| 3003Aluminium alloy 3003 | 2 | 1 | moderate | 23 |
| 5019Aluminium alloy 5019 | 3 | 2 | moderate | 13 |
| 5052Aluminium alloy 5052 | 2 | 2 | moderate | 13 |
| 3103Aluminium alloy 3103 | 2 | 2 | high | 16 |
| 5056Aluminium alloy 5056 | 3 | 2 | moderate | 14 |
| 5083Aluminium alloy 5083 | 3 | 2 | none listed | 21 |
| AlMg2Aluminium alloy 5251 | 2 | 3 | moderate | 11 |
| AlMg3Aluminium alloy 5754 | 3 | 2 | moderate | 12 |
| 5XXXAluminium-magnesium alloys (5XXX series) | 2 | 4 | moderate | 13 |
| 6013Aluminium alloy 6013 | 1 | 1 | moderate | 15 |
| 6061Aluminium alloy 6061 | 2 | 4 | high | 10 |
| 6063Aluminium alloy 6063 | 3 | 1 | none listed | 13 |
| 6082Aluminium alloy 6082 | 3 | 2 | moderate | 12 |
| 7075-T6Aluminium alloy 7075-T6 | 4 | 2 | high | 13 |
| AA7050Aluminium alloy 7050 | 2 | 2 | moderate | 13 |
| AA8011Aluminium alloy 8011 | 2 | 2 | high | 13 |
| C630Aluminium bronze C63000 (wrought, CuAl10Ni5Fe4) | 2 | 3 | moderate | 18 |
| AlNAluminium nitride | 2 | 2 | moderate | 15 |
| AlAluminium | 5 | 3 | moderate | 12 |
| AluminosilicateAluminosilicate glass | 1 | 4 | high | 15 |
| AsArsenic | 3 | 3 | high | 10 |
| SbAntimony | 3 | 2 | moderate | 12 |
| BaTiO3Barium titanate | 4 | 4 | moderate | 10 |
| BaBarium metal | 4 | 3 | high | 12 |
| BeCuBeryllium copper | 5 | 2 | moderate | 13 |
| BeOBeryllium oxide | 3 | 1 | high | 14 |
| BeBeryllium | 3 | 3 | high | 12 |
| Bi2Te3, Sb2Te3Bismuth telluride (with antimony telluride) | 4 | 3 | high | 15 |
| B4CBoron carbide | 2 | 2 | moderate | 16 |
| BiBismuth | 2 | 3 | moderate | 11 |
| h-BNHexagonal boron nitride | 2 | 5 | high | 16 |
| BorosilicateBorosilicate glass | 1 | 4 | moderate | 7 |
| C510Phosphor bronze C51000 (CuSn5P) | 2 | 2 | moderate | 13 |
| C360Free-cutting brass C36000 | 2 | 3 | moderate | 19 |
| C954Aluminium bronze C95400 | 2 | 3 | moderate | 19 |
| BBoron | 2 | 3 | high | 13 |
| CdCadmium | 3 | 2 | high | 9 |
| CdSeCadmium selenide (infrared optical crystal) | 4 | 4 | high | 15 |
| CsICaesium iodide (CsI), with thallium and sodium doped scintillator grades | 1 | 4 | high | 17 |
| CaF2Calcium fluoride (single-crystal CaF2, fluorite) | 5 | 3 | high | 15 |
| CFCarbon fibre (PAN-based, pitch-based) and carbon/carbon | 2 | 3 | high | 11 |
| CNTCarbon nanotubes | 3 | 1 | none listed | 12 |
| C260Cartridge brass 70/30 | 1 | 2 | moderate | 17 |
| CaCalcium | 3 | 3 | high | 9 |
| CA, CABCellulose acetate (CA) and cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB), cellulose esters for films, fibres, moulded parts and coatings | 4 | 5 | high | 13 |
| RCFRefractory ceramic fibre insulation (alumina-silica) | 4 | 2 | moderate | 13 |
| CeCerium | 3 | 3 | critical | 13 |
| Ni-10Cr (Chromel-P)Chromel | 4 | 3 | moderate | 15 |
| Cr alloysChromium-rich binary alloys | 3 | 2 | high | 13 |
| CrChromium | 3 | 3 | high | 11 |
| UNS R30605Cobalt-chromium alloys (Haynes 25 / L-605 and CoCrMo medical grades) | 1 | 3 | moderate | 13 |
| CoCobalt | 2 | 3 | high | 11 |
| CuNiConstantan | 2 | 2 | moderate | 13 |
| CuCopper | 2 | 3 | moderate | 13 |
| CuCrZrCopper-chromium-zirconium (CuCrZr) | 2 | 3 | high | 14 |
| CuNi 70/30Cupronickel 70/30 | 1 | 3 | moderate | 14 |
| 2101Lean duplex stainless steel 2101 (UNS S32101) | 4 | 3 | moderate | 16 |
| DyDysprosium | 2 | 3 | critical | 15 |
| ECTFE (Halar)Ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene | 3 | 2 | high | 11 |
| Fe-SiSilicon electrical steel | 2 | 1 | moderate | 13 |
| ErErbium | 3 | 4 | critical | 16 |
| EuEuropium | 3 | 4 | critical | 11 |
| Ni-Cr-Al-Cu precision resistance alloyEvanohm | 4 | 2 | moderate | 13 |
| Fe-Cr-Al-YFecralloy | 0 | 2 | moderate | 14 |
| FR-4FR-4 glass-fibre epoxy laminate | 1 | 2 | critical | 15 |
| SiO2 glassFused silica | 1 | 2 | moderate | 11 |
| GdGadolinium | 5 | 4 | critical | 14 |
| GaInSnGalinstan | 1 | 2 | moderate | 15 |
| GaAsGallium arsenide | 2 | 1 | high | 8 |
| GaNGallium nitride | 2 | 2 | none listed | 12 |
| C21000Gilding metal 95/5 | 1 | 2 | moderate | 16 |
| GeGermanium | 2 | 2 | high | 12 |
| GCGlassy carbon | 1 | 3 | moderate | 10 |
| Au alloysGold alloys | 2 | 1 | moderate | 15 |
| AuSnGold-tin eutectic solder (Au80Sn20) | 1 | 3 | moderate | 13 |
| AuGold | 2 | 2 | moderate | 12 |
| GO, rGOGraphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide | 3 | 3 | moderate | 14 |
| GrapheneGraphene | 3 | 1 | none listed | 11 |
| Gray iron (ASTM A48, EN-GJL, GG 25)Gray cast iron (flake graphite iron) | 1 | 3 | none listed | 13 |
| Gr-SStructural graphite | 2 | 2 | moderate | 11 |
| HfO2Hafnium oxide | 3 | 3 | moderate | 13 |
| HfHafnium | 3 | 4 | critical | 16 |
| Ni-MoHastelloy B-3 | 3 | 4 | high | 14 |
| C-276 (UNS N10276)Hastelloy C-276 | 3 | 6 | high | 15 |
| C-22Hastelloy C-22 | 3 | 3 | moderate | 15 |
| X (UNS N06002)Hastelloy X | 2 | 4 | high | 13 |
| UNS R30004Havar | 3 | 4 | critical | 16 |
| UNS N07214Haynes 214 | 1 | 3 | high | 11 |
| H230 (UNS N06230)Haynes 230 | 2 | 4 | high | 11 |
| HoHolmium | 5 | 4 | critical | 16 |
| UNS N08800Incoloy 800 | 2 | 3 | moderate | 11 |
| Alloy 825 (UNS N08825)Incoloy 825 | 3 | 4 | moderate | 17 |
| Alloy 600 (UNS N06600, W.Nr. 2.4816)Inconel 600 | 1 | 5 | high | 13 |
| Alloy 601Inconel 601 | 2 | 3 | moderate | 14 |
| Alloy 617Inconel 617 | 2 | 4 | moderate | 10 |
| IN625 (UNS N06625)Inconel 625 | 3 | 4 | high | 13 |
| In-Sn / In-AgIndium-tin and indium-silver solders | 2 | 3 | moderate | 11 |
| X-750 (UNS N07750)Inconel X-750 | 3 | 4 | high | 11 |
| InIndium | 4 | 3 | moderate | 13 |
| FeNi36Invar 36 | 2 | 3 | moderate | 8 |
| IN718 (UNS N07718)Inconel 718 | 2 | 2 | high | 18 |
| IrIridium | 2 | 3 | moderate | 12 |
| Fe2O3, Fe3O4Iron oxide | 4 | 2 | moderate | 14 |
| Fe-Ni-CoKovar | 2 | 2 | moderate | 11 |
| LaB6Lanthanum hexaboride | 2 | 3 | moderate | 14 |
| LCPLiquid crystal polymer | 1 | 2 | moderate | 10 |
| LaLanthanum | 6 | 4 | high | 14 |
| Pb alloysLead alloys other than antimonial lead (Pb-Sn-Ag, Pb-Sn-Sb, Pb-Bi, Pb-Se) | 4 | 2 | moderate | 10 |
| PbLead | 3 | 2 | high | 11 |
| CW614NLeaded free-machining brass CW614N (CuZn39Pb3, UNS C38500) | 2 | 3 | high | 20 |
| LiFLithium fluoride (single-crystal LiF) | 4 | 2 | moderate | 12 |
| LuLutetium | 3 | 3 | high | 12 |
| MGCMacor | 3 | 3 | high | 11 |
| MgOMagnesium oxide (magnesia) | 3 | 3 | high | 10 |
| AZ31BMagnesium alloy AZ31B | 1 | 4 | high | 13 |
| AZ61Magnesium alloy AZ61 | 1 | 2 | high | 14 |
| EV31AMagnesium alloy EV31A (Elektron 21) | 1 | 4 | high | 11 |
| MgMagnesium (pure metal) | 3 | 4 | high | 12 |
| MnManganese | 4 | 2 | high | 15 |
| CuMn12NiManganin | 2 | 3 | moderate | 20 |
| MAXMAX phase ceramics | 1 | 3 | moderate | 13 |
| TM boridesMetal borides (transition-metal diborides and boride layers) | 5 | 2 | moderate | 14 |
| MoSi2Molybdenum disilicide | 2 | 2 | moderate | 15 |
| MoMolybdenum | 3 | 3 | critical | 15 |
| Alloy 400 (UNS N04400)Monel 400 | 2 | 7 | high | 17 |
| K-500Monel K-500 | 2 | 2 | moderate | 10 |
| Ni-Fe-MoMu-metal | 1 | 2 | moderate | 12 |
| MBCMycelium-bound composite | 1 | 2 | moderate | 14 |
| NdFeBNeodymium-iron-boron sintered magnet alloy | 7 | 4 | high | 12 |
| NdNeodymium | 4 | 3 | high | 11 |
| NiCr 80/20Nichrome | 2 | 2 | moderate | 11 |
| NiBe2Nickel-beryllium alloy 360 (UNS N03360) | 3 | 3 | moderate | 13 |
| Ni-alloysMinor nickel alloys (nickel-iron soft-magnetic and nickel-manganese grades) | 0 | 1 | high | 15 |
| NiNickel | 4 | 4 | high | 13 |
| C75200Nickel silver C75200 | 3 | 3 | moderate | 19 |
| UNS N07090 (W. Nr. 2.4632)Nimonic 90 | 2 | 4 | moderate | 14 |
| Nb alloysNiobium alloys (Nb-1Zr, C-103, FS-85) | 2 | 3 | critical | 13 |
| NbNiobium | 3 | 3 | critical | 13 |
| NiTiNitinol | 2 | 4 | high | 11 |
| Nitronic 60Nitronic 60 stainless steel | 3 | 3 | high | 20 |
| NomexNomex meta-aramid fibre and fabric | 4 | 4 | moderate | 14 |
| OsOsmium | 3 | 3 | high | 11 |
| PAIPolyamide-imide | 2 | 4 | high | 17 |
| Pd-AgPalladium-silver alloys | 4 | 3 | high | 11 |
| PA 46Polyamide 46 (nylon 46) | 2 | 3 | high | 16 |
| PdPalladium | 3 | 2 | high | 12 |
| PBIPolybenzimidazole | 2 | 2 | none listed | 7 |
| PA 66Polyamide 66 (nylon 66) | 3 | 3 | moderate | 14 |
| PDMSPolydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), Sylgard 184 and silicone elastomer | 3 | 3 | high | 12 |
| PEEKPolyetheretherketone | 2 | 3 | moderate | 9 |
| PBTPolybutylene terephthalate (PBT) | 3 | 4 | high | 10 |
| PEIPolyetherimide | 1 | 2 | critical | 9 |
| PEKPolyetherketone | 0 | 3 | high | 13 |
| PENPolyethylene naphthalate (PEN), biaxially oriented film and engineering resin | 2 | 2 | moderate | 13 |
| Ni-Fe-MoPermalloy 80 | 1 | 2 | moderate | 14 |
| FeCoVPermendur (Hiperco 50) | 1 | 2 | moderate | 13 |
| PETPolyethylene terephthalate (PET), including biaxially oriented film (Mylar) | 4 | 3 | moderate | 10 |
| PFAPerfluoroalkoxy alkane | 3 | 2 | high | 4 |
| PGPyrolytic graphite | 2 | 1 | low | 8 |
| C521Phosphor bronze C52100 (CuSn8) | 2 | 2 | moderate | 16 |
| UNS R30003Phynox | 2 | 1 | moderate | 16 |
| PI (Kapton HN)Kapton HN polyimide film | 2 | 4 | high | 13 |
| PI (Upilex-S)Upilex-S polyimide film (BPDA) | 2 | 1 | none listed | 7 |
| PMMAPoly(methyl methacrylate) | 2 | 4 | high | 8 |
| PtPlatinum | 2 | 2 | low | 16 |
| KPotassium metal and NaK eutectic | 3 | 2 | high | 11 |
| PrPraseodymium | 6 | 4 | critical | 17 |
| PSGeneral-purpose polystyrene (GPPS) and high-impact polystyrene (HIPS) | 1 | 2 | moderate | 11 |
| ReRhenium | 3 | 3 | high | 13 |
| RhRhodium | 3 | 3 | moderate | 15 |
| -Rose's metal, Newton's metal, Field's metal and the bismuth-lead and bismuth-tin eutectics | 5 | 4 | high | 13 |
| Cr:Al2O3Ruby (chromium-doped single-crystal alumina) | 2 | 2 | moderate | 19 |
| RuRuthenium | 2 | 2 | moderate | 13 |
| SmSamarium | 2 | 2 | high | 11 |
| Al2O3Sapphire (single-crystal alpha-alumina) | 3 | 2 | moderate | 14 |
| ScScandium | 5 | 4 | critical | 16 |
| SeSelenium | 4 | 4 | high | 11 |
| AlN-BNShapal | 1 | 3 | moderate | 12 |
| SiO2 aerogelSilica aerogel | 2 | 1 | moderate | 12 |
| C655Silicon bronze C65500 (CuSi3Mn1) | 4 | 3 | moderate | 13 |
| SiCSilicon carbide | 1 | 2 | moderate | 10 |
| Si3N4Silicon nitride | 2 | 1 | none listed | 8 |
| SiSilicon | 2 | 1 | none listed | 11 |
| RTVLow-outgassing silicone RTV (DOWSIL 93-500 space-grade encapsulant) | 1 | 2 | high | 16 |
| Ag alloysSilver alloys (brazing, silver-gold and contact alloys) | 2 | 0 | none listed | 15 |
| AgSilver | 1 | 3 | high | 11 |
| SmCoSamarium-cobalt sintered magnet alloy | 4 | 4 | high | 13 |
| NaSodium | 6 | 5 | high | 16 |
| Soda-limeSoda-lime glass | 1 | 4 | high | 13 |
| SAC305SAC305 solder (Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu) | 3 | 3 | moderate | 13 |
| SnPbTin-lead solder (Sn63/Pb37 eutectic and Sn60/Pb40) | 3 | 1 | moderate | 13 |
| 15-7 PHPH 15-7 Mo stainless steel | 1 | 2 | high | 9 |
| 1.4418 (X4CrNiMo16-5-1)Martensitic stainless steel (EN 1.4418, X4CrNiMo16-5-1) | 3 | 3 | moderate | 17 |
| 2507 (UNS S32750)Super duplex stainless steel 2507 | 3 | 4 | high | 11 |
| 17-7 PH (UNS S17700, EN 1.4568, Type 631)17-7 PH stainless steel | 2 | 4 | high | 19 |
| 301 (UNS S30100)Stainless steel 301 | 6 | 3 | high | 15 |
| 17-4 PH (UNS S17400, Type 630)17-4 PH stainless steel | 4 | 5 | high | 16 |
| 2205 (UNS S32205)Duplex stainless steel 2205 | 3 | 6 | high | 18 |
| 302AISI 302 stainless steel (UNS S30200, EN 1.4310) | 1 | 3 | moderate | 16 |
| 303 (UNS S30300)Stainless steel 303 | 3 | 5 | high | 16 |
| 2304 (UNS S32304, EN 1.4362)Lean duplex stainless steel 2304 | 3 | 7 | high | 12 |
| 304L (UNS S30403)Stainless steel 304L | 2 | 3 | high | 21 |
| 309AISI 309 stainless steel | 3 | 4 | moderate | 12 |
| 310S (UNS S31008, EN 1.4845)Stainless steel 310S | 1 | 4 | critical | 11 |
| 321AISI 321 stainless steel (UNS S32100, EN 1.4541) | 1 | 2 | moderate | 12 |
| 317LAISI 317L stainless steel | 3 | 4 | high | 16 |
| 316 (UNS S31600)Stainless steel 316 | 3 | 2 | high | 17 |
| 347AISI 347 stainless steel | 3 | 3 | moderate | 14 |
| 347HAISI 347H stainless steel | 4 | 3 | moderate | 19 |
| 409 (UNS S40900, EN 1.4512)Stainless steel 409 | 2 | 3 | moderate | 21 |
| 316L (UNS S31603)Stainless steel 316L | 3 | 3 | high | 20 |
| 410 (UNS S41000)Stainless steel 410 | 1 | 3 | high | 17 |
| 410S (UNS S41008)Stainless steel 410S | 1 | 1 | moderate | 13 |
| 420Stainless steel 420 | 2 | 4 | high | 12 |
| 416AISI 416 stainless steel | 3 | 5 | critical | 14 |
| 431 (UNS S43100, EN 1.4057)Stainless steel 431 | 1 | 4 | moderate | 15 |
| 430 (UNS S43000)Stainless steel 430 | 2 | 7 | high | 15 |
| 430F (UNS S43020)Stainless steel 430F | 2 | 6 | high | 19 |
| 440C (UNS S44004)Stainless steel 440C | 1 | 5 | high | 18 |
| 444 (UNS S44400)Stainless steel 444 | 2 | 4 | high | 22 |
| 904L (UNS N08904, EN 1.4539)Super-austenitic stainless steel 904L | 4 | 4 | moderate | 12 |
| 304 (UNS S30400)Stainless steel 304 | 2 | 3 | high | 16 |
| S41500 (F6NM forged, CA6NM cast)Martensitic stainless steel 13Cr-4Ni (UNS S41500) | 2 | 4 | high | 14 |
| 1010 (UNS G10100, AISI 1010)Carbon steel 1010 | 2 | 2 | none listed | 17 |
| 1018 (UNS G10180, AISI 1018)Carbon steel 1018 | 2 | 2 | none listed | 17 |
| MgO-SiO2Steatite | 2 | 3 | moderate | 12 |
| 1070 (UNS G10700, AISI 1070, SAE 1070)Carbon steel 1070 | 1 | 3 | moderate | 9 |
| 1215 (UNS G12150, AISI 1215)Carbon steel 1215 | 4 | 3 | none listed | 11 |
| 4130 (UNS G41300)Alloy steel AISI 4130 (chromium-molybdenum) | 3 | 4 | high | 20 |
| 4140 (UNS G41400)Alloy steel AISI 4140 (chromium-molybdenum) | 2 | 3 | high | 18 |
| TaCTantalum carbide | 2 | 3 | high | 15 |
| TaTantalum | 3 | 2 | none listed | 8 |
| Cu-TeTellurium copper | 3 | 2 | moderate | 12 |
| TeTellurium | 5 | 3 | high | 15 |
| TbTerbium | 5 | 4 | high | 16 |
| TCThermocouple wire alloys (Types J, T, E and N) | 2 | 5 | high | 12 |
| WT20Thoriated tungsten (WT20) | 2 | 2 | moderate | 11 |
| TmThulium | 4 | 4 | high | 15 |
| Ti-6Al-4VTitanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V (Grade 5) | 2 | 2 | none listed | 13 |
| SnZn and SnBiTin-zinc (Sn91Zn9 eutectic) and tin-bismuth (Sn42Bi58) low-temperature solders | 7 | 3 | high | 17 |
| SnTin | 2 | 2 | moderate | 13 |
| Sn/CuTinned copper | 3 | 4 | high | 11 |
| TiB2Titanium diboride | 2 | 2 | moderate | 13 |
| Ti Grade 11Commercially pure titanium with palladium, Grade 11 (UNS R52250) | 2 | 0 | none listed | 15 |
| CP Ti Grade 2Commercially pure titanium, Grade 2 (UNS R50400) | 2 | 4 | high | 17 |
| Ti Gr 12Titanium grade 12, Ti-0.3Mo-0.8Ni (UNS R53400) | 1 | 3 | moderate | 14 |
| Ti-6Al-4V ELITitanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) | 1 | 2 | moderate | 14 |
| CP Ti Grade 3Commercially pure titanium, Grade 3 (UNS R50550) | 3 | 2 | moderate | 20 |
| CP Ti Grade 7Commercially pure titanium, Grade 7 (UNS R52400, Ti-0.15Pd) | 2 | 3 | moderate | 17 |
| TiNTitanium nitride | 2 | 2 | moderate | 13 |
| Ti minor alloysMinor titanium alloys, Ti-Mo, Ti-V, Ti-Fe, Ti-Si and Ti-Ga binaries, Ti-6Al-6V-2Sn, Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al and Ti-3Al-8V-6Cr-4Mo-4Zr (Beta C) | 1 | 0 | none listed | 15 |
| 1.2316 (X38CrMo16)1.2316 stainless plastic mould steel (EN 1.2316, printed name X38CrMo16) | 3 | 1 | moderate | 19 |
| 1.2738 (P20+Ni)1.2738 plastic mould steel (40CrMnNiMo8-6-4, AISI P20+Ni) | 4 | 8 | moderate | 22 |
| H13 (EN 1.2344)AISI H13 hot-work tool steel (EN 1.2344, X40CrMoV5-1) | 4 | 10 | none listed | 20 |
| P20 (UNS T51620)P20 plastic mould steel (AISI P20, UNS T51620, EN 1.2311) | 3 | 5 | moderate | 17 |
| D2 (UNS T30402, EN 1.2379)AISI D2 cold-work tool steel (EN 1.2379, X153CrMoV12) | 3 | 5 | moderate | 17 |
| WCTungsten carbide (cemented carbide) | 4 | 1 | moderate | 18 |
| W-CuTungsten-copper | 3 | 2 | moderate | 11 |
| WS2Tungsten disulfide | 3 | 3 | high | 15 |
| WTungsten | 3 | 2 | moderate | 11 |
| UHMWPEUltra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene | 4 | 4 | high | 13 |
| TZMTZM molybdenum alloy | 2 | 2 | critical | 12 |
| VVanadium | 3 | 3 | high | 14 |
| UNS N07001Waspaloy | 2 | 3 | moderate | 10 |
| YbYtterbium | 4 | 4 | critical | 15 |
| YYttrium | 5 | 4 | critical | 16 |
| ZamakZamak (zinc die-casting alloys) | 3 | 5 | high | 21 |
| Y2O3Yttrium oxide | 3 | 4 | moderate | 13 |
| ZnOZinc oxide | 3 | 2 | moderate | 14 |
| Zn minor alloysZinc minor alloys (rolled titanium-zinc, zinc-nickel plating, zinc-aluminium-magnesium coatings) | 4 | 2 | moderate | 17 |
| ZnSeZinc selenide (polycrystalline optical material) | 4 | 3 | high | 12 |
| ZnSZinc sulphide (CVD multispectral and IR grades) | 4 | 2 | moderate | 16 |
| Mg-PSZ, ATZ, ZTAMagnesia-stabilised zirconia and other zirconia grades | 2 | 5 | critical | 14 |
| ZnZinc and zinc alloys | 3 | 3 | moderate | 20 |
| Zr alloysZirconium alloys (Zircaloy, ZIRLO, Zr-2.5Nb, Zr-Al) | 0 | 4 | high | 11 |
| ZrCZirconium carbide | 2 | 4 | high | 15 |
| YSZYttria-stabilised zirconia | 2 | 4 | moderate | 14 |
| ZrZirconium and Zircaloy | 3 | 5 | high | 13 |
Severity is the editors' reading of the cited sources, not a safety certification. "none listed" means no sourced failure risk has been entered, which is not the same as safe.
How to read this
- Measured values come from a test or a flight. Calculated values are worked out from the material's formula. Prediction values come from a model.
- no data means nobody has published a value we could source. It does not mean zero.
- Material values describe the active material. Cell values describe a finished cell, which varies by manufacturer. Check the conditions before comparing cell values.
- Every value links to its source, with the place in the source where it can be found.
The measurements
| Measurement | Better when | How it is tested |
|---|---|---|
| Thermal conductivityHow well it moves heat | depends on the use | ASTM E1461 |
| Specific heat | depends on the use | |
| Thermal expansionHow much it grows when heated; mismatch cracks joints | depends on the use | ASTM E831, E228 |