Melting point of metals and alloys compared
properties/melting-point-of-metalsMelting point of steels, stainless steels, aluminium, titanium, copper and nickel alloys from sourced values, with thermal conductivity and density. Ranked by the column you pick. Measured values come first; calculated values are labeled, and predictions are never mixed in as measurements.
| # | Material | Melting point | Thermal conductivity | Density | Data |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AlnicoAlnico permanent-magnet alloy | 1,200 to 1,450 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 6.8 to 7.4 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| KNAlumel | 1,399 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 29.7 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.6 to 8.61 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 1050Aluminium alloy 1050 | 643 to 660 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 222 to 229 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2.71 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 2011Aluminium alloy 2011 | 535 to 540 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 138 to 150 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2.82 to 2.83 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 2014Aluminium alloy 2014 | 510 to 638 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 138 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2.82 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 2017Aluminium alloy 2017 | 510 to 641 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 134 to 140 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2.79 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 2219Aluminium alloy 2219 | 543 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 130 W.m/m2.°Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2.84 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 2319Aluminium alloy 2319 | 543 to 643 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 2.84 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| 2017AAluminium alloy 2017A | 510 to 641 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 134 to 140 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2.79 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 2618AAluminium alloy 2618A | 549 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 147 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2.75 to 2.76 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 3003Aluminium alloy 3003 | 655 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 190 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2.73 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 4047Aluminium alloy 4047 | 576 to 582 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 2.65 to 2.66 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| 5019Aluminium alloy 5019 | 575 to 630 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 110 to 140 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2.64 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 5052Aluminium alloy 5052 | 607 to 649 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 138 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2.68 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 3103Aluminium alloy 3103 | 655 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 160 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2.73 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 5056Aluminium alloy 5056 | 565 to 640 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 109 to 117 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2.64 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 5083Aluminium alloy 5083 | 570 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 121 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2.65 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| AlMg2Aluminium alloy 5251 | 605 to 650 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 138 to 149 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2.68 to 2.69 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| AlMg3Aluminium alloy 5754 | 590 to 645 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 132 to 160 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2.66 to 2.67 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 6013Aluminium alloy 6013 | 579 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 164 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2.71 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 6063Aluminium alloy 6063 | 600 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 200 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2.7 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 6082Aluminium alloy 6082 | 555 to 650 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 170 to 220 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2.7 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 6101Aluminium alloy 6101 | 588 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 0.097 lb/cu.inmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| 7075-T6Aluminium alloy 7075-T6 | 532 to 635 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 130 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2.8 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| AA7050Aluminium alloy 7050 | 490 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 154 to 157 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2.83 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| AA8011Aluminium alloy 8011 | 640 to 655 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 210 to 220 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2.71 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| C630Aluminium bronze C63000 (wrought, CuAl10Ni5Fe4) | 1,035 to 1,075 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 37.7 to 63 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.58 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Al master alloysAluminium master alloys and intermetallic additions (Al-Ni, Al-Ti, Al-Co, Al-Mn, Al-Zr) | 880 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | no data | 1 of 3 | |
| 2195 (Al-Cu-Li)Aluminium-lithium alloy 2195 | 549 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 2.66 to 2.72 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| AlAluminium | 660 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 220 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2.7 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Pb-SbAntimonial lead | 630 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 6.68 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| SbAntimony | 631 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 24 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 6.68 to 6.7 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| BaBarium metal | 725 to 727 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 18.4 W/(m·K)calculatedcalculated (hidden) | 3.51 to 3.62 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| BeCuBeryllium copper | 870 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 105 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.36 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| BeBeryllium | 1,287 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 216 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 1.85 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| BiBismuth | 271 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 9.78 to 9.8 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| C510Phosphor bronze C51000 (CuSn5P) | 954 to 1,049 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 84 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.86 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| C360Free-cutting brass C36000 | 954 to 1,049 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 116 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.5 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| C954Aluminium bronze C95400 | 1,027 to 1,038 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 58.7 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.45 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| CdCadmium | 321 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 97 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.69 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| CsCaesium | 28.4 to 28.6 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 1,827 to 1,892 kg/cu mmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| C260Cartridge brass 70/30 | 916 to 954 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 121 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.53 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| CaCalcium | 842 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 200 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 1.54 to 1.57 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| CeCerium | 798 to 799 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 11.3 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 6.75 to 6.77 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Ni-10Cr (Chromel-P)Chromel | 1,427 to 1,430 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 19.2 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.72 to 8.73 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Cr alloysChromium-rich binary alloys | 1,907 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 93.9 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.1 to 7.19 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| CrChromium | 1,907 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 93.9 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.14 to 7.19 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| UNS R30605Cobalt-chromium alloys (Haynes 25 / L-605 and CoCrMo medical grades) | 1,329 to 1,410 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 9.4 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.3 to 9.13 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| CoCobalt | 1,495 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 100 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.9 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| CuNiConstantan | 1,225 to 1,300 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 19.5 to 21.2 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.9 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| CuCopper | 1,083 to 1,085 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 391 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.9 to 8.96 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| CuCrZrCopper-chromium-zirconium (CuCrZr) | 954 to 1,081 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 310 to 330 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.75 to 8.94 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| CuNi 70/30Cupronickel 70/30 | 1,170 to 1,240 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 29 to 33 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.94 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 2101Lean duplex stainless steel 2101 (UNS S32101) | 1,385 to 1,443 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 16 to 18 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.8 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| DyDysprosium | 1,409 to 1,412 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 11 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.54 to 8.55 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| ErErbium | 1,529 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 14.5 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 9.01 to 9.06 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| EuEuropium | 822 to 826 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 13.9 to 14 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 5.25 to 5.26 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Ni-Cr-Al-Cu precision resistance alloyEvanohm | 1,340 to 1,390 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 14.6 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.1 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Fe-Cr-Al-YFecralloy | 1,380 to 1,490 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 16 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.22 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| FeMo, FeMn, FeV, FeTiFerroalloys (steelmaking master alloys) | 1,200 to 1,900 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 7.3 to 9 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| GdGadolinium | 1,312 to 1,313 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 10.6 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.89 to 7.9 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| GaInSnGalinstan | -19 to 15.5 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 25.4 to 26.4 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 6.44 to 6.49 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| C21000Gilding metal 95/5 | 954 to 1,049 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 189 to 234 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.8 to 8.86 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Au alloysGold alloys | 360 to 1,410 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 49 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 15.8 to 16 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| AuSnGold-tin eutectic solder (Au80Sn20) | 280 to 320 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 57 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 14.7 -measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| AuGold | 1,065 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 320 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 19.3 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| HfHafnium | 2,233 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 23 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 13.1 to 13.3 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Ni-MoHastelloy B-3 | 1,370 to 1,418 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 11.2 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 9.22 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| C-276 (UNS N10276)Hastelloy C-276 | 1,323 to 1,371 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.3 to 19 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.89 to 8.9 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| C-22Hastelloy C-22 | 1,357 to 1,399 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 10.1 to 21.3 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.69 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| X (UNS N06002)Hastelloy X | 1,260 to 1,355 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 9.2 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.22 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| UNS R30004Havar | 1,480 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 13 to 14.7 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.3 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| UNS N07214Haynes 214 | 1,355 to 1,400 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 12 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.05 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| H230 (UNS N06230)Haynes 230 | 1,301 to 1,371 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.9 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.97 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| HoHolmium | 1,461 to 1,474 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 16 to 16.2 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.79 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| UNS N08800Incoloy 800 | 1,357 to 1,385 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 11.5 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.94 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Alloy 825 (UNS N08825)Incoloy 825 | 1,370 to 1,400 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 11.1 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.14 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Alloy 600 (UNS N06600, W.Nr. 2.4816)Inconel 600 | 1,354 to 1,413 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 14.9 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.47 to 8.5 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Alloy 601Inconel 601 | 1,360 to 1,411 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 11.2 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.11 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Alloy 617Inconel 617 | 1,330 to 1,380 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 13.4 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.36 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| IN625 (UNS N06625)Inconel 625 | 1,290 to 1,350 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 9.8 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.44 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| In-Sn / In-AgIndium-tin and indium-silver solders | 118 to 143 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 34 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.3 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| X-750 (UNS N07750)Inconel X-750 | 1,393 to 1,427 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 83 Btu/in./hr/sq ft/°Fmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.28 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| InIndium | 157 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 82 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.3 to 7.31 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| FeNi36Invar 36 | 1,427 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 10.5 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.05 to 8.13 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| IN718 (UNS N07718)Inconel 718 | 1,260 to 1,336 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 11.4 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.22 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| IrIridium | 2,446 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 59 to 147 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 22.6 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Fe-Ni-CoKovar | 1,449 to 1,450 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 17.5 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.36 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| LaLanthanum | 918 to 921 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 13 to 13.4 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 6.14 to 6.17 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Pb alloysLead alloys other than antimonial lead (Pb-Sn-Ag, Pb-Sn-Sb, Pb-Bi, Pb-Se) | 179 to 1,078 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 49 to 50 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.1 to 8.5 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| PbLead | 328 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 35 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 11.3 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| CW614NLeaded free-machining brass CW614N (CuZn39Pb3, UNS C38500) | 875 to 890 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 123 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.44 to 8.47 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| LuLutetium | 1,663 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 16.4 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 9.84 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| AZ31BMagnesium alloy AZ31B | 605 to 630 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 96 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 1.8 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| AZ61Magnesium alloy AZ61 | 525 to 610 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 79.5 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 1.8 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| EV31AMagnesium alloy EV31A (Elektron 21) | 545 to 640 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 116 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 1.82 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| MgMagnesium (pure metal) | 650 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 156 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 1.74 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| MnManganese | 1,246 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.8 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.21 to 7.47 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| CuMn12NiManganin | 960 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 22 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.4 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| MGMetallic glass (amorphous metal ribbons) | 969 to 1,024 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 7.18 to 7.59 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| Mo-ReMolybdenum-rhenium alloy | at least 2,610 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 14.6 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| Mo-30WMolybdenum-tungsten alloy (Mo-30W) | 2,829 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 10.9 to 11.2 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| MoMolybdenum | 2,623 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 142 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 10.2 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Alloy 400 (UNS N04400)Monel 400 | 1,300 to 1,350 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 22 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.8 to 8.83 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| K-500Monel K-500 | 1,315 to 1,350 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 17.4 to 17.5 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.44 to 8.45 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Ni-Fe-MoMu-metal | 1,450 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 19 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.7 to 8.75 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| NbTiNiobium-titanium | 2,300 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 6.4 to 6.5 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| Nb3SnNiobium-tin (Nb3Sn) | 2,100 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | no data | 1 of 3 | |
| NdNeodymium | 1,021 to 1,022 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 16.5 to 17 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 6.8 to 7.01 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| NiCr 80/20Nichrome | 1,400 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 15 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.3 to 8.4 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| NiBe2Nickel-beryllium alloy 360 (UNS N03360) | 1,195 to 1,325 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 48 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.27 to 8.36 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Ni-alloysMinor nickel alloys (nickel-iron soft-magnetic and nickel-manganese grades) | 1,425 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 13 to 44 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.2 to 8.86 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| NiNickel | 1,455 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 70.3 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.89 to 8.91 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| C75200Nickel silver C75200 | 1,060 to 1,110 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 32 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.7 to 8.75 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| UNS N07090 (W. Nr. 2.4632)Nimonic 90 | 1,310 to 1,370 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 11.5 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.18 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Nb alloysNiobium alloys (Nb-1Zr, C-103, FS-85) | 2,350 to 2,410 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 38.1 to 44.7 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.57 to 8.85 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| NbNiobium | 2,350 to 2,477 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 53.7 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.58 to 8.86 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| NiTiNitinol | 1,240 to 1,310 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.6 to 18 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 6.45 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| OsOsmium | 3,033 to 3,045 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 87.6 to 88 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 22.5 to 22.6 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Pd-Cu, Pd-Ni, Pd-CrPalladium alloys (Pd-Cu, Pd-Ni, Pd-Cr) | 1,397 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 10.8 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| PdPalladium | 1,555 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 72 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 12 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Ni-Fe-MoPermalloy 80 | 1,450 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 19 to 34.6 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.7 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| C521Phosphor bronze C52100 (CuSn8) | 882 to 1,027 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 67 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.79 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Pt-IrPlatinum-iridium alloy | 1,790 to 1,855 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 21.5 to 21.7 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| Pt-RhPlatinum-rhodium alloys | 1,840 to 1,925 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 17.6 to 20 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| Pt-W, Pt-CuPlatinum-tungsten and platinum-copper alloys | 1,865 to 1,910 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 21.3 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| PtPlatinum | 1,768 to 1,769 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 71.6 to 74 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 21.4 to 21.5 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| KPotassium metal and NaK eutectic | -12.6 to 64 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 0.23 cal/(sec degC cm)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 0.86 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| PrPraseodymium | 931 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 12.5 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 6.71 to 6.77 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| ReRhenium | 3,186 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 48 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 21 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| RhRhodium | 1,964 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 150 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 12.4 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| -Rose's metal, Newton's metal, Field's metal and the bismuth-lead and bismuth-tin eutectics | 94 to 138 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 4 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.56 to 10.4 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| RuRuthenium | 2,310 to 2,334 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 117 to 120 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 12.2 to 12.4 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| SmSamarium | 1,072 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 13 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.35 to 7.52 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| ScScandium | 1,540 to 1,541 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 15.8 to 16 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2.98 to 2.99 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| SeSelenium | 221 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 0.52 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 4.81 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| C655Silicon bronze C65500 (CuSi3Mn1) | 971 to 1,027 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 36.3 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.53 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Ag alloysSilver alloys (brazing, silver-gold and contact alloys) | 780 to 975 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 371 W/(m·K)calculatedcalculated (hidden) | 10 to 10.9 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| AgSilver | 962 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 429 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 10.5 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| NaSodium | 97.8 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 132 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 0.97 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| SAC305SAC305 solder (Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu) | 217 to 218 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 61 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.35 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| SnPbTin-lead solder (Sn63/Pb37 eutectic and Sn60/Pb40) | 183 to 191 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 49 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.4 to 8.5 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 17-7 PH (UNS S17700, EN 1.4568, Type 631)17-7 PH stainless steel | 1,404 to 1,440 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 16.9 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.65 to 7.81 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 301 (UNS S30100)Stainless steel 301 | 1,399 to 1,421 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 16.3 to 21.4 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.88 to 8.03 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 17-4 PH (UNS S17400, Type 630)17-4 PH stainless steel | 1,404 to 1,440 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 17.9 to 22.6 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.75 to 7.86 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 2205 (UNS S32205)Duplex stainless steel 2205 | 1,385 to 1,441 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 14 to 15 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.8 to 7.82 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 302AISI 302 stainless steel (UNS S30200, EN 1.4310) | 1,400 to 1,420 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 16.3 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.9 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 303 (UNS S30300)Stainless steel 303 | 1,400 to 1,455 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 15 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.89 to 8.03 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 304L (UNS S30403)Stainless steel 304L | 1,399 to 1,421 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 16.3 to 21.4 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.9 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 309AISI 309 stainless steel | 1,371 to 1,454 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 15.6 to 18.7 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.03 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 310S (UNS S31008, EN 1.4845)Stainless steel 310S | 1,410 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 13 to 15 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.8 to 8.03 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 321AISI 321 stainless steel (UNS S32100, EN 1.4541) | 1,398 to 1,446 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 15 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.92 to 8.09 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 317LAISI 317L stainless steel | 1,390 to 1,440 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 13.5 to 14 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.03 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 316 (UNS S31600)Stainless steel 316 | 1,375 to 1,440 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 13 to 17 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.87 to 8.07 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 347AISI 347 stainless steel | 1,398 to 1,446 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 16.3 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.96 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 347HAISI 347H stainless steel | 1,399 to 1,446 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 14 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.9 to 7.98 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 316L (UNS S31603)Stainless steel 316L | 1,390 to 1,440 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 14.6 to 16.2 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.99 to 8.03 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 410 (UNS S41000)Stainless steel 410 | 1,482 to 1,532 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 24.9 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.73 to 7.75 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 410S (UNS S41008)Stainless steel 410S | 1,480 to 1,530 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 26.9 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.73 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 420Stainless steel 420 | 1,454 to 1,510 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 24.9 to 30 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.7 to 7.75 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 416AISI 416 stainless steel | 1,490 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 24.9 to 30 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.7 to 7.81 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 430 (UNS S43000)Stainless steel 430 | 1,425 to 1,510 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 23.9 to 26 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.7 to 7.74 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 430F (UNS S43020)Stainless steel 430F | 1,482 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 25 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.7 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 440C (UNS S44004)Stainless steel 440C | 1,371 to 1,482 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 22.8 to 24.2 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.61 to 7.7 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 904L (UNS N08904, EN 1.4539)Super-austenitic stainless steel 904L | 1,300 to 1,390 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 12 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.95 to 8 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 304 (UNS S30400)Stainless steel 304 | 1,400 to 1,450 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 14 to 17 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.85 to 8.06 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 1018 (UNS G10180, AISI 1018)Carbon steel 1018 | 1,480 to 1,526 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 25 to 93 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.67 to 7.9 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| 4130 (UNS G41300)Alloy steel AISI 4130 (chromium-molybdenum) | 1,432 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 30.1 to 42.7 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.85 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Ag 92.5 Cu 7.5Sterling silver | 788 to 891 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 10.4 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| MgB2, REBCO, BSCCOSuperconducting wire composites (MgB2, REBCO and Bi-2223 tapes) | 830 to 1,000 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 2.57 to 6.4 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| Cu-TeTellurium copper | 1,051 to 1,080 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 355 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.94 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| TeTellurium | 450 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 6 to 6.25 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| TbTerbium | 1,356 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 11 to 11.1 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.23 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| TCThermocouple wire alloys (Types J, T, E and N) | 1,083 to 1,535 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 81 to 391 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.86 to 8.9 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| WT20Thoriated tungsten (WT20) | 3,422 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 174 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 11.7 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| TmThulium | 1,545 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 16.9 to 17 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 9.32 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Ti-6Al-4VTitanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V (Grade 5) | 1,604 to 1,660 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 6.7 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 4.43 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Sn-Sb-CuTin-antimony babbitt (tin-base bearing metal) | 232 to 630 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 6.68 to 7.39 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| SnZn and SnBiTin-zinc (Sn91Zn9 eutectic) and tin-bismuth (Sn42Bi58) low-temperature solders | 138 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 61 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.27 to 8.72 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| SnTin | 232 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 66.6 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 5.77 to 7.31 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Sn/CuTinned copper | 232 to 962 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 66.6 to 430 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.28 to 10.5 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Beta 3Beta titanium alloy Ti-11.5Mo-6Zr-4.5Sn (Beta 3), with Beta C and Ti-15-3 | 1,649 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 4.78 to 5.07 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| Ti Grade 11Commercially pure titanium with palladium, Grade 11 (UNS R52250) | 1,670 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 16 to 21.8 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 4.51 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Ti Gr 12Titanium grade 12, Ti-0.3Mo-0.8Ni (UNS R53400) | 1,660 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 19 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 4.51 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Ti-6Al-4V ELITitanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) | 1,650 to 1,660 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 6.6 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 4.42 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| TiH2Titanium hydride | at least 400 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 3.78 to 11.4 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| Ti minor alloysMinor titanium alloys, Ti-Mo, Ti-V, Ti-Fe, Ti-Si and Ti-Ga binaries, Ti-6Al-6V-2Sn, Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al and Ti-3Al-8V-6Cr-4Mo-4Zr (Beta C) | 1,649 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 0.71 to 7.8 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 4.54 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| W-ReTungsten-rhenium alloys | 3,120 to 3,350 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 19.3 to 19.7 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| WTungsten | 3,422 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 174 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 19.3 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| V alloysVanadium alloys (V-4Cr-4Ti, V-Ti, V-Nb) | 1,900 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 6.05 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| VVanadium | 1,900 to 1,910 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 30.7 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 6.11 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| -Wood's metal | 69.9 to 70 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 10.2 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 2 of 3 | |
| UNS N07001Waspaloy | 1,330 to 1,360 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 12.6 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 8.19 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| YbYtterbium | 819 to 824 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 34.9 to 38.5 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 6.54 to 6.98 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| YYttrium | 1,522 to 1,526 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 17.2 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 4.47 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| ZamakZamak (zinc die-casting alloys) | 375 to 404 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 105 to 115 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | no data | 2 of 3 | |
| Zn minor alloysZinc minor alloys (rolled titanium-zinc, zinc-nickel plating, zinc-aluminium-magnesium coatings) | 419 to 420 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 109 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 7.14 to 7.2 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| ZnZinc and zinc alloys | 375 to 420 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 109 to 115 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 6.3 to 7.2 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| Zr alloysZirconium alloys (Zircaloy, ZIRLO, Zr-2.5Nb, Zr-Al) | 1,850 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 21.5 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 6.55 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 | |
| ZrZirconium and Zircaloy | 1,840 to 1,852 °Cmeasured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 21.5 W/(m·K)measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 6.51 to 6.64 g/cm³measured · labmeasured · lab (hidden) | 3 of 3 |
No materials match.
These values come from different cells and tests, so the order is a guide, not a verdict. Hover a value, or open the material, to see its conditions.
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What each material can do wrong, and how much we still do not know. Open a material for the full detail and sources.
| Material | Hazards | Failure risks | Worst severity | Known gaps |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AlnicoAlnico permanent-magnet alloy | 6 | 5 | high | 13 |
| KNAlumel | 2 | 3 | high | 12 |
| 1050Aluminium alloy 1050 | 2 | 3 | high | 17 |
| 2011Aluminium alloy 2011 | 3 | 2 | moderate | 15 |
| 2014Aluminium alloy 2014 | 2 | 3 | critical | 10 |
| 2017Aluminium alloy 2017 | 2 | 3 | moderate | 11 |
| 2219Aluminium alloy 2219 | 1 | 1 | high | 8 |
| 2319Aluminium alloy 2319 | 2 | 2 | moderate | 11 |
| 2017AAluminium alloy 2017A | 2 | 3 | moderate | 11 |
| 2618AAluminium alloy 2618A | 3 | 3 | high | 14 |
| 3003Aluminium alloy 3003 | 2 | 1 | moderate | 23 |
| 4047Aluminium alloy 4047 | 2 | 0 | none listed | 14 |
| 5019Aluminium alloy 5019 | 3 | 2 | moderate | 13 |
| 5052Aluminium alloy 5052 | 2 | 2 | moderate | 13 |
| 3103Aluminium alloy 3103 | 2 | 2 | high | 16 |
| 5056Aluminium alloy 5056 | 3 | 2 | moderate | 14 |
| 5083Aluminium alloy 5083 | 3 | 2 | none listed | 21 |
| AlMg2Aluminium alloy 5251 | 2 | 3 | moderate | 11 |
| AlMg3Aluminium alloy 5754 | 3 | 2 | moderate | 12 |
| 6013Aluminium alloy 6013 | 1 | 1 | moderate | 15 |
| 6063Aluminium alloy 6063 | 3 | 1 | none listed | 13 |
| 6082Aluminium alloy 6082 | 3 | 2 | moderate | 12 |
| 6101Aluminium alloy 6101 | 3 | 2 | moderate | 13 |
| 7075-T6Aluminium alloy 7075-T6 | 4 | 2 | high | 13 |
| AA7050Aluminium alloy 7050 | 2 | 2 | moderate | 13 |
| AA8011Aluminium alloy 8011 | 2 | 2 | high | 13 |
| C630Aluminium bronze C63000 (wrought, CuAl10Ni5Fe4) | 2 | 3 | moderate | 18 |
| Al master alloysAluminium master alloys and intermetallic additions (Al-Ni, Al-Ti, Al-Co, Al-Mn, Al-Zr) | 3 | 2 | moderate | 12 |
| 2195 (Al-Cu-Li)Aluminium-lithium alloy 2195 | 3 | 2 | moderate | 10 |
| AlAluminium | 5 | 3 | moderate | 12 |
| Pb-SbAntimonial lead | 3 | 2 | moderate | 14 |
| SbAntimony | 3 | 2 | moderate | 12 |
| BaBarium metal | 4 | 3 | high | 12 |
| BeCuBeryllium copper | 5 | 2 | moderate | 13 |
| BeBeryllium | 3 | 3 | high | 12 |
| BiBismuth | 2 | 3 | moderate | 11 |
| C510Phosphor bronze C51000 (CuSn5P) | 2 | 2 | moderate | 13 |
| C360Free-cutting brass C36000 | 2 | 3 | moderate | 19 |
| C954Aluminium bronze C95400 | 2 | 3 | moderate | 19 |
| CdCadmium | 3 | 2 | high | 9 |
| CsCaesium | 6 | 4 | critical | 14 |
| C260Cartridge brass 70/30 | 1 | 2 | moderate | 17 |
| CaCalcium | 3 | 3 | high | 9 |
| CeCerium | 3 | 3 | critical | 13 |
| Ni-10Cr (Chromel-P)Chromel | 4 | 3 | moderate | 15 |
| Cr alloysChromium-rich binary alloys | 3 | 2 | high | 13 |
| CrChromium | 3 | 3 | high | 11 |
| UNS R30605Cobalt-chromium alloys (Haynes 25 / L-605 and CoCrMo medical grades) | 1 | 3 | moderate | 13 |
| CoCobalt | 2 | 3 | high | 11 |
| CuNiConstantan | 2 | 2 | moderate | 13 |
| CuCopper | 2 | 3 | moderate | 13 |
| CuCrZrCopper-chromium-zirconium (CuCrZr) | 2 | 3 | high | 14 |
| CuNi 70/30Cupronickel 70/30 | 1 | 3 | moderate | 14 |
| 2101Lean duplex stainless steel 2101 (UNS S32101) | 4 | 3 | moderate | 16 |
| DyDysprosium | 2 | 3 | critical | 15 |
| ErErbium | 3 | 4 | critical | 16 |
| EuEuropium | 3 | 4 | critical | 11 |
| Ni-Cr-Al-Cu precision resistance alloyEvanohm | 4 | 2 | moderate | 13 |
| Fe-Cr-Al-YFecralloy | 0 | 2 | moderate | 14 |
| FeMo, FeMn, FeV, FeTiFerroalloys (steelmaking master alloys) | 3 | 3 | moderate | 11 |
| GdGadolinium | 5 | 4 | critical | 14 |
| GaInSnGalinstan | 1 | 2 | moderate | 15 |
| C21000Gilding metal 95/5 | 1 | 2 | moderate | 16 |
| Au alloysGold alloys | 2 | 1 | moderate | 15 |
| AuSnGold-tin eutectic solder (Au80Sn20) | 1 | 3 | moderate | 13 |
| AuGold | 2 | 2 | moderate | 12 |
| HfHafnium | 3 | 4 | critical | 16 |
| Ni-MoHastelloy B-3 | 3 | 4 | high | 14 |
| C-276 (UNS N10276)Hastelloy C-276 | 3 | 6 | high | 15 |
| C-22Hastelloy C-22 | 3 | 3 | moderate | 15 |
| X (UNS N06002)Hastelloy X | 2 | 4 | high | 13 |
| UNS R30004Havar | 3 | 4 | critical | 16 |
| UNS N07214Haynes 214 | 1 | 3 | high | 11 |
| H230 (UNS N06230)Haynes 230 | 2 | 4 | high | 11 |
| HoHolmium | 5 | 4 | critical | 16 |
| UNS N08800Incoloy 800 | 2 | 3 | moderate | 11 |
| Alloy 825 (UNS N08825)Incoloy 825 | 3 | 4 | moderate | 17 |
| Alloy 600 (UNS N06600, W.Nr. 2.4816)Inconel 600 | 1 | 5 | high | 13 |
| Alloy 601Inconel 601 | 2 | 3 | moderate | 14 |
| Alloy 617Inconel 617 | 2 | 4 | moderate | 10 |
| IN625 (UNS N06625)Inconel 625 | 3 | 4 | high | 13 |
| In-Sn / In-AgIndium-tin and indium-silver solders | 2 | 3 | moderate | 11 |
| X-750 (UNS N07750)Inconel X-750 | 3 | 4 | high | 11 |
| InIndium | 4 | 3 | moderate | 13 |
| FeNi36Invar 36 | 2 | 3 | moderate | 8 |
| IN718 (UNS N07718)Inconel 718 | 2 | 2 | high | 18 |
| IrIridium | 2 | 3 | moderate | 12 |
| Fe-Ni-CoKovar | 2 | 2 | moderate | 11 |
| LaLanthanum | 6 | 4 | high | 14 |
| Pb alloysLead alloys other than antimonial lead (Pb-Sn-Ag, Pb-Sn-Sb, Pb-Bi, Pb-Se) | 4 | 2 | moderate | 10 |
| PbLead | 3 | 2 | high | 11 |
| CW614NLeaded free-machining brass CW614N (CuZn39Pb3, UNS C38500) | 2 | 3 | high | 20 |
| LuLutetium | 3 | 3 | high | 12 |
| AZ31BMagnesium alloy AZ31B | 1 | 4 | high | 13 |
| AZ61Magnesium alloy AZ61 | 1 | 2 | high | 14 |
| EV31AMagnesium alloy EV31A (Elektron 21) | 1 | 4 | high | 11 |
| MgMagnesium (pure metal) | 3 | 4 | high | 12 |
| MnManganese | 4 | 2 | high | 15 |
| CuMn12NiManganin | 2 | 3 | moderate | 20 |
| MGMetallic glass (amorphous metal ribbons) | 2 | 3 | high | 15 |
| Mo-ReMolybdenum-rhenium alloy | 2 | 4 | critical | 14 |
| Mo-30WMolybdenum-tungsten alloy (Mo-30W) | 2 | 2 | high | 20 |
| MoMolybdenum | 3 | 3 | critical | 15 |
| Alloy 400 (UNS N04400)Monel 400 | 2 | 7 | high | 17 |
| K-500Monel K-500 | 2 | 2 | moderate | 10 |
| Ni-Fe-MoMu-metal | 1 | 2 | moderate | 12 |
| NbTiNiobium-titanium | 3 | 2 | high | 11 |
| Nb3SnNiobium-tin (Nb3Sn) | 3 | 3 | high | 11 |
| NdNeodymium | 4 | 3 | high | 11 |
| NiCr 80/20Nichrome | 2 | 2 | moderate | 11 |
| NiBe2Nickel-beryllium alloy 360 (UNS N03360) | 3 | 3 | moderate | 13 |
| Ni-alloysMinor nickel alloys (nickel-iron soft-magnetic and nickel-manganese grades) | 0 | 1 | high | 15 |
| NiNickel | 4 | 4 | high | 13 |
| C75200Nickel silver C75200 | 3 | 3 | moderate | 19 |
| UNS N07090 (W. Nr. 2.4632)Nimonic 90 | 2 | 4 | moderate | 14 |
| Nb alloysNiobium alloys (Nb-1Zr, C-103, FS-85) | 2 | 3 | critical | 13 |
| NbNiobium | 3 | 3 | critical | 13 |
| NiTiNitinol | 2 | 4 | high | 11 |
| OsOsmium | 3 | 3 | high | 11 |
| Pd-Cu, Pd-Ni, Pd-CrPalladium alloys (Pd-Cu, Pd-Ni, Pd-Cr) | 5 | 3 | high | 11 |
| PdPalladium | 3 | 2 | high | 12 |
| Ni-Fe-MoPermalloy 80 | 1 | 2 | moderate | 14 |
| C521Phosphor bronze C52100 (CuSn8) | 2 | 2 | moderate | 16 |
| Pt-IrPlatinum-iridium alloy | 3 | 1 | low | 12 |
| Pt-RhPlatinum-rhodium alloys | 1 | 3 | high | 11 |
| Pt-W, Pt-CuPlatinum-tungsten and platinum-copper alloys | 3 | 1 | moderate | 15 |
| PtPlatinum | 2 | 2 | low | 16 |
| KPotassium metal and NaK eutectic | 3 | 2 | high | 11 |
| PrPraseodymium | 6 | 4 | critical | 17 |
| ReRhenium | 3 | 3 | high | 13 |
| RhRhodium | 3 | 3 | moderate | 15 |
| -Rose's metal, Newton's metal, Field's metal and the bismuth-lead and bismuth-tin eutectics | 5 | 4 | high | 13 |
| RuRuthenium | 2 | 2 | moderate | 13 |
| SmSamarium | 2 | 2 | high | 11 |
| ScScandium | 5 | 4 | critical | 16 |
| SeSelenium | 4 | 4 | high | 11 |
| C655Silicon bronze C65500 (CuSi3Mn1) | 4 | 3 | moderate | 13 |
| Ag alloysSilver alloys (brazing, silver-gold and contact alloys) | 2 | 0 | none listed | 15 |
| AgSilver | 1 | 3 | high | 11 |
| NaSodium | 6 | 5 | high | 16 |
| SAC305SAC305 solder (Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu) | 3 | 3 | moderate | 13 |
| SnPbTin-lead solder (Sn63/Pb37 eutectic and Sn60/Pb40) | 3 | 1 | moderate | 13 |
| 17-7 PH (UNS S17700, EN 1.4568, Type 631)17-7 PH stainless steel | 2 | 4 | high | 19 |
| 301 (UNS S30100)Stainless steel 301 | 6 | 3 | high | 15 |
| 17-4 PH (UNS S17400, Type 630)17-4 PH stainless steel | 4 | 5 | high | 16 |
| 2205 (UNS S32205)Duplex stainless steel 2205 | 3 | 6 | high | 18 |
| 302AISI 302 stainless steel (UNS S30200, EN 1.4310) | 1 | 3 | moderate | 16 |
| 303 (UNS S30300)Stainless steel 303 | 3 | 5 | high | 16 |
| 304L (UNS S30403)Stainless steel 304L | 2 | 3 | high | 21 |
| 309AISI 309 stainless steel | 3 | 4 | moderate | 12 |
| 310S (UNS S31008, EN 1.4845)Stainless steel 310S | 1 | 4 | critical | 11 |
| 321AISI 321 stainless steel (UNS S32100, EN 1.4541) | 1 | 2 | moderate | 12 |
| 317LAISI 317L stainless steel | 3 | 4 | high | 16 |
| 316 (UNS S31600)Stainless steel 316 | 3 | 2 | high | 17 |
| 347AISI 347 stainless steel | 3 | 3 | moderate | 14 |
| 347HAISI 347H stainless steel | 4 | 3 | moderate | 19 |
| 316L (UNS S31603)Stainless steel 316L | 3 | 3 | high | 20 |
| 410 (UNS S41000)Stainless steel 410 | 1 | 3 | high | 17 |
| 410S (UNS S41008)Stainless steel 410S | 1 | 1 | moderate | 13 |
| 420Stainless steel 420 | 2 | 4 | high | 12 |
| 416AISI 416 stainless steel | 3 | 5 | critical | 14 |
| 430 (UNS S43000)Stainless steel 430 | 2 | 7 | high | 15 |
| 430F (UNS S43020)Stainless steel 430F | 2 | 6 | high | 19 |
| 440C (UNS S44004)Stainless steel 440C | 1 | 5 | high | 18 |
| 904L (UNS N08904, EN 1.4539)Super-austenitic stainless steel 904L | 4 | 4 | moderate | 12 |
| 304 (UNS S30400)Stainless steel 304 | 2 | 3 | high | 16 |
| 1018 (UNS G10180, AISI 1018)Carbon steel 1018 | 2 | 2 | none listed | 17 |
| 4130 (UNS G41300)Alloy steel AISI 4130 (chromium-molybdenum) | 3 | 4 | high | 20 |
| Ag 92.5 Cu 7.5Sterling silver | 2 | 0 | none listed | 14 |
| MgB2, REBCO, BSCCOSuperconducting wire composites (MgB2, REBCO and Bi-2223 tapes) | 3 | 3 | high | 13 |
| Cu-TeTellurium copper | 3 | 2 | moderate | 12 |
| TeTellurium | 5 | 3 | high | 15 |
| TbTerbium | 5 | 4 | high | 16 |
| TCThermocouple wire alloys (Types J, T, E and N) | 2 | 5 | high | 12 |
| WT20Thoriated tungsten (WT20) | 2 | 2 | moderate | 11 |
| TmThulium | 4 | 4 | high | 15 |
| Ti-6Al-4VTitanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V (Grade 5) | 2 | 2 | none listed | 13 |
| Sn-Sb-CuTin-antimony babbitt (tin-base bearing metal) | 3 | 2 | high | 13 |
| SnZn and SnBiTin-zinc (Sn91Zn9 eutectic) and tin-bismuth (Sn42Bi58) low-temperature solders | 7 | 3 | high | 17 |
| SnTin | 2 | 2 | moderate | 13 |
| Sn/CuTinned copper | 3 | 4 | high | 11 |
| Beta 3Beta titanium alloy Ti-11.5Mo-6Zr-4.5Sn (Beta 3), with Beta C and Ti-15-3 | 2 | 0 | none listed | 15 |
| Ti Grade 11Commercially pure titanium with palladium, Grade 11 (UNS R52250) | 2 | 0 | none listed | 15 |
| Ti Gr 12Titanium grade 12, Ti-0.3Mo-0.8Ni (UNS R53400) | 1 | 3 | moderate | 14 |
| Ti-6Al-4V ELITitanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) | 1 | 2 | moderate | 14 |
| TiH2Titanium hydride | 4 | 4 | high | 17 |
| Ti minor alloysMinor titanium alloys, Ti-Mo, Ti-V, Ti-Fe, Ti-Si and Ti-Ga binaries, Ti-6Al-6V-2Sn, Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al and Ti-3Al-8V-6Cr-4Mo-4Zr (Beta C) | 1 | 0 | none listed | 15 |
| W-ReTungsten-rhenium alloys | 3 | 3 | high | 17 |
| WTungsten | 3 | 2 | moderate | 11 |
| V alloysVanadium alloys (V-4Cr-4Ti, V-Ti, V-Nb) | 2 | 2 | high | 13 |
| VVanadium | 3 | 3 | high | 14 |
| -Wood's metal | 5 | 2 | high | 11 |
| UNS N07001Waspaloy | 2 | 3 | moderate | 10 |
| YbYtterbium | 4 | 4 | critical | 15 |
| YYttrium | 5 | 4 | critical | 16 |
| ZamakZamak (zinc die-casting alloys) | 3 | 5 | high | 21 |
| Zn minor alloysZinc minor alloys (rolled titanium-zinc, zinc-nickel plating, zinc-aluminium-magnesium coatings) | 4 | 2 | moderate | 17 |
| ZnZinc and zinc alloys | 3 | 3 | moderate | 20 |
| Zr alloysZirconium alloys (Zircaloy, ZIRLO, Zr-2.5Nb, Zr-Al) | 0 | 4 | high | 11 |
| ZrZirconium and Zircaloy | 3 | 5 | high | 13 |
Severity is the editors' reading of the cited sources, not a safety certification. "none listed" means no sourced failure risk has been entered, which is not the same as safe.
How to read this
- Measured values come from a test or a flight. Calculated values are worked out from the material's formula. Prediction values come from a model.
- no data means nobody has published a value we could source. It does not mean zero.
- Material values describe the active material. Cell values describe a finished cell, which varies by manufacturer. Check the conditions before comparing cell values.
- Every value links to its source, with the place in the source where it can be found.
The measurements
| Measurement | Better when | How it is tested |
|---|---|---|
| Melting point | depends on the use | |
| Thermal conductivityHow well it moves heat | depends on the use | ASTM E1461 |
| DensityMass per volume, which sets volumetric energy | depends on the use | Crystallographic or tap density |