Guides/Comparisons
Ti-6Al-4V vs grade 23 (ELI) titanium
ti-6al-4v-vs-grade-23-titaniumTi-6Al-4V and Titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) at a glance
This page compares Ti-6Al-4V and Titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) using only values that carry a source, a test condition and an evidence level. Ranges run across temper, heat treatment and product form, measured at room temperature where the source says so.
- Composition: Aluminium (Ti-6Al-4V 5.5 to 6.75%; grade 23 5.5 to 6.5%), Iron (Ti-6Al-4V up to 0.4%; grade 23 up to 0.25%), Oxygen (Ti-6Al-4V up to 0.2%; grade 23 up to 0.13%).
- Yield strength: the ranges overlap (Ti-6Al-4V 830 to 1,100 MPa; grade 23 759 to 908 MPa).
- Density: Ti-6Al-4V is higher (Ti-6Al-4V 4.43 g/cm³; grade 23 4.42 g/cm³), a difference of under 10% at the midpoint.
- Young's modulus: the ranges overlap (Ti-6Al-4V 114 GPa; grade 23 107 to 122 GPa).
- Thermal conductivity: Ti-6Al-4V is higher (Ti-6Al-4V 6.7 W/(m·K); grade 23 6.6 W/(m·K)), a difference of under 10% at the midpoint.
- Melting point: the ranges overlap (Ti-6Al-4V 1,604 to 1,660 °C; grade 23 1,650 to 1,660 °C).
- Thermal expansion: grade 23 is higher (Ti-6Al-4V 8.6 ppm/K; grade 23 9 ppm/K), a difference of under 10% at the midpoint.
- Yield strength for each unit of density (calculated from each grade's midpoint values): Ti-6Al-4V 218 MPa per g/cm³; Titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) 189 MPa per g/cm³.
"Higher" means the whole range is higher, not just one value. Where a value is a specified minimum, the table says "at least".
Side by side
| Property | Ti-6Al-4V | Titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) |
|---|---|---|
| Yield strength | 830 to 1,100 MPa | 759 to 908 MPa |
| Tensile strength | no data | 828 to 953 MPa |
| Density | 4.43 g/cm³ | 4.42 g/cm³ |
| Young's modulus | 114 GPa | 107 to 122 GPa |
| Thermal conductivity | 6.7 W/(m·K) | 6.6 W/(m·K) |
| Melting point | 1,604 to 1,660 °C | 1,650 to 1,660 °C |
| Thermal expansion | 8.6 ppm/K | 9 ppm/K |
| Yield strength per densitycalculated | 218 MPa per g/cm³ | 189 MPa per g/cm³ |
Composition
| Element | Ti-6Al-4V | Titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) |
|---|---|---|
| Titanium | balance | balance |
| Aluminium | 5.5 to 6.75% | 5.5 to 6.5% |
| Vanadium | 3.5 to 4.5% | 3.5 to 4.5% |
| Iron | up to 0.4% | up to 0.25% |
| Oxygen | up to 0.2% | up to 0.13% |
| Carbon | not listed | up to 0.080% |
| Nitrogen | not listed | up to 0.030% |
| Hydrogen | not listed | up to 0.0125% |
Shares are as printed in the sources, by weight.
When to use which
| Material | Best for | Weakest at |
|---|---|---|
| Ti-6Al-4V | Strength-to-weight structures that must stay strong up to about 400 degC, such as aerospace forgings and bars (the datasheet gives 4.43 g/cm3 density and 830 to 950 MPa yield) | Low thermal conductivity (6.7 W/(m K) at 20 degC), and lower ductility once it is solution-treated and aged (6 to 10 % elongation) |
| Titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) | Cold-service hardware and medical implants where toughness and low interstitial content matter (Carpenter; UPMET; Titanium Industries). | Thermal conduction: 6.6 W/(m K) at 20 degC is low for a metal (UPMET). The sources read give no room-temperature fracture toughness for commercial bar. |
Where each is used
| Material | Use |
|---|---|
| Ti-6Al-4V | Aerospace forging and bar (example of an AMS 4928 bar forging) |
| Ti-6Al-4V | Aircraft and spacecraft structural parts made to AMS 4928 and AMS 4911 |
| Ti-6Al-4V | Aero-engine components and airframe components |
| Ti-6Al-4V | Marine equipment and offshore oil and gas equipment |
| Titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) | Air frames and aircraft structural parts |
| Titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) | Jet and engine rocket components; pressure vessels |
| Titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) | Cryogenic and high-pressure vessels |