spore: profile id: metglas-2605s3a spore_version: 0.2 family: magnet-and-superconducting-alloys name: METGLAS 2605S3A role: magnetic core ribbon category: metals type: magnet-alloys summary: | METGLAS 2605S3A is an iron-based amorphous metal ribbon made by Metglas, Inc. Its technical bulletin gives a density of 7.29 g/cm3, a saturation induction of 1.41 T and a Curie temperature of 358 °C. Metglas lists it for current transformers, ground fault protection devices and high-frequency cores. best_for: High-frequency cores, current transformers and ground fault protection devices, the three applications the manufacturer lists weakest_at: 'Corrosion data: the SDS lists moisture and corrosive materials as incompatible and prints no corrosion rate' identity: formula: 'Iron-based amorphous metal ribbon. The SDS gives composition as percentage ranges: iron 69 to 100, silicon 0 to 10, niobium 0 to 7, boron 0 to 5, chromium 0 to 5, manganese 0 to 2, copper 0 to 2. The basis is not stated, and the SDS says ranges may reflect batch variation.' source: s3a-sds where: Section 1, Other means of identification (Amorphous Metal Ribbon); Section 3, Composition table designations: - system: Trade name code: 2605S3A source: s3a-bulletin where: Title block, Magnetic Alloy 2605S3A (Iron-based) - system: Trade name code: METGLAS Alloy 2605S3A source: s3a-bulletin where: Page 2, figure caption tags: environments: [] stresses: [] applications: - electronics-and-chips properties: - benchmark: density label: Density, technical bulletin value: 7.29 unit: g/cm3 scope: material conditions: grade: METGLAS Alloy 2605S3A ribbon condition: as printed; heat-treatment state not stated method: Value printed in the manufacturer's technical bulletin; the product page prints the same value status: ground source: s3a-bulletin where: Physical Properties column, Density (g/cm3) row - benchmark: density label: Relative density, safety data sheet value: 7 value_high: 7.5 bound: range unit: '-' scope: material conditions: basis: printed as relative density with water = 1; no unit printed document: combined FT-3W and 2605S3A SDS, Metglas, Inc. method: Range printed in the manufacturer's safety data sheet; a dimensionless ratio, so entered with unit - status: ground source: s3a-sds where: Section 9, Relative density row - benchmark: saturation_induction label: Saturation induction value: 1.41 unit: T scope: material conditions: grade: METGLAS Alloy 2605S3A ribbon condition: as printed; heat-treatment state not stated method: Value printed in the manufacturer's technical bulletin; the product page prints the same value status: ground source: s3a-bulletin where: Magnetic Properties column, Saturation Induction (T) row - benchmark: dc_permeability label: Maximum DC permeability, annealed value: 35000 unit: '-' scope: material conditions: grade: METGLAS Alloy 2605S3A ribbon heat_treatment: annealed method: Value printed in the manufacturer's technical bulletin, which gives the symbol mu with no unit; entered as a dimensionless relative permeability status: ground source: s3a-bulletin where: Magnetic Properties column, Maximum D.C. Permeability, Annealed row - benchmark: dc_permeability label: Maximum DC permeability, as cast value: 20000 bound: lower unit: '-' scope: material conditions: grade: METGLAS Alloy 2605S3A ribbon heat_treatment: as cast method: Minimum printed in the manufacturer's technical bulletin as greater than 20,000, with no unit; entered as a dimensionless relative permeability status: ground source: s3a-bulletin where: Magnetic Properties column, Maximum D.C. Permeability, As Cast row - benchmark: magnetostriction label: Saturation magnetostriction value: 20 unit: ppm scope: material conditions: grade: METGLAS Alloy 2605S3A ribbon method: Value printed in the manufacturer's technical bulletin status: ground source: s3a-bulletin where: Magnetic Properties column, Saturation Magnetostriction (ppm) row - benchmark: electrical_resistivity label: Electrical resistivity value: 138 unit: µΩ-cm scope: material conditions: grade: METGLAS Alloy 2605S3A ribbon temperature: not stated method: Value printed on the manufacturer's product page; the bulletin prints the same value status: ground note: The bulletin's text layer shows the unit as µ-cm; the product page prints µΩ-cm. source: metglas-web where: 2605S3A product section, Electromagnetic list, Electrical Resistivity (µΩ-cm) - benchmark: curie_temperature label: Curie temperature value: 358 unit: °C scope: material conditions: grade: METGLAS Alloy 2605S3A ribbon method: Value printed in the manufacturer's technical bulletin; the product page prints the same value status: ground source: s3a-bulletin where: Magnetic Properties column, Curie Temperature (°C) row - benchmark: thickness label: Ribbon thickness value: 18 unit: microns scope: material conditions: grade: METGLAS Alloy 2605S3A ribbon printed_as: Thickness (microns) 18 method: Value printed on the manufacturer's product page; the technical bulletin does not give a thickness status: ground source: metglas-web where: 2605S3A product section, Physical list, Thickness (microns) - benchmark: ultimate_tensile_strength label: Tensile strength value: 1 value_high: 2 bound: range unit: GPa scope: material conditions: grade: METGLAS Alloy 2605S3A ribbon printed_as: 1-2 condition: heat-treatment state not stated method: Range printed in the manufacturer's technical bulletin; the product page prints the same range status: ground source: s3a-bulletin where: Physical Properties column, Tensile Strength (GPa) row - benchmark: elastic_modulus label: Elastic modulus value: 100 value_high: 110 bound: range unit: GPa scope: material conditions: grade: METGLAS Alloy 2605S3A ribbon printed_as: 100-110 method: Range printed in the manufacturer's technical bulletin; the product page prints the same range status: ground source: s3a-bulletin where: Physical Properties column, Elastic Modulus (GPa) row - benchmark: lamination_factor label: Lamination factor value: 75 bound: lower unit: '%' scope: material conditions: grade: METGLAS Alloy 2605S3A ribbon printed_as: '>75' method: Minimum printed in the manufacturer's technical bulletin status: ground source: s3a-bulletin where: Physical Properties column, Lamination Factor (%) row - benchmark: cte label: Coefficient of thermal expansion value: 6.7 unit: ppm/°C scope: material conditions: grade: METGLAS Alloy 2605S3A ribbon temperature_range: not printed in the bulletin method: Value printed in the manufacturer's technical bulletin status: ground source: s3a-bulletin where: Physical Properties column, Thermal Expansion (ppm/°C) row - benchmark: crystallization_temperature label: Crystallization temperature value: 535 unit: °C scope: material conditions: grade: METGLAS Alloy 2605S3A ribbon method: Value printed in the manufacturer's technical bulletin; the bulletin does not say what happens to properties above it status: ground source: s3a-bulletin where: Physical Properties column, Crystallization Temperature (°C) row - benchmark: max_service_temp label: Continuous service temperature value: 150 unit: °C scope: material conditions: grade: METGLAS Alloy 2605S3A ribbon basis: continuous service temperature as printed method: Value printed in the manufacturer's technical bulletin; the product page prints the same value status: ground source: s3a-bulletin where: Physical Properties column, Continuous Service Temp. (°C) row - benchmark: melting_point label: Melting point value: 1180 unit: °C scope: material conditions: document: combined FT-3W and 2605S3A SDS printed_as: 1180°C (2156°F) method: Value printed in the manufacturer's safety data sheet, which covers two products in one document status: ground source: s3a-sds where: Section 9, Melting point row corrosion: - environment: Moisture and corrosive materials (storage and incompatibilities) headline: The SDS lists moisture and corrosive materials as incompatible with the product. effect: The SDS gives no corrosion rate, test result or exposure time for the ribbon. rating: unknown source: s3a-sds where: Section 10, Incompatible materials - environment: Heating near the crystallization temperature (thermal ageing) headline: The bulletin prints a crystallization temperature of 535 °C and a continuous service temperature of 150 °C. effect: The sources read give no ageing or property-change data after long heating at these temperatures. rating: unknown source: s3a-bulletin where: Physical Properties column, Crystallization Temperature and Continuous Service Temp. rows risks: hazards: - text: The SDS says the product is not classified under the OSHA Hazard Communication Standard and has no GHS signal word or hazard statements. ghs: [] source: s3a-sds where: Section 2, OSHA/HCS status and GHS label elements - text: The SDS says adverse symptoms may include metal fume fever if exposed to high concentrations of fumes. ghs: [] source: s3a-sds where: Section 11, Other information - text: The SDS classification table gives chromium, one of the listed ingredients, an IARC entry printed as "3". ghs: [] source: s3a-sds where: Section 11, Classification table; Section 3, Composition - text: The SDS lists manganese under specific target organ toxicity from repeated exposure as "Category 2", with target organs central nervous system (CNS) and lungs. ghs: [] source: s3a-sds where: Section 11, Specific target organ toxicity (repeated exposure) failure_risks: - mode: Melting or burning of the ribbon trigger: Heating to the melting point, or a structural fire consequence: The SDS gives a melting point of 1180 °C and says decomposition products may include metal oxides and toxic vapour. severity: moderate source: s3a-sds where: Section 5, Hazardous thermal decomposition products; Section 9, Melting point - mode: Heating above the crystallization temperature trigger: Exposure above 535 °C consequence: The bulletin prints the crystallization temperature but states no property change above it. severity: moderate source: s3a-bulletin where: Physical Properties column, Crystallization Temperature row - mode: Attack by moisture or corrosive materials trigger: Storage or use with moisture or corrosive materials consequence: The SDS lists both as incompatible with the product; no damage rate is printed. severity: low source: s3a-sds where: Section 10, Incompatible materials side_effects: - text: The SDS says to get medical attention if any damage to the eye is caused by the metal. affects: Eyes source: s3a-sds where: Section 4, Eye contact handling: - text: Use strong, cut-resistant gloves suitable for handling metals, as the SDS asks. source: s3a-sds where: Section 8, Hand protection - text: Take care with items that are sharp or heavy. source: s3a-sds where: Section 7, Precautions for safe handling - text: Store in accordance with local regulations, and keep the ribbon away from moisture and corrosive materials, which the SDS lists as incompatible. source: s3a-sds where: Section 7, Conditions for safe storage; Section 10, Incompatible materials uses: - application: electronics-and-chips device: Current transformers example: The manufacturer's application list for 2605S3A names current transformers. source: s3a-bulletin where: Page 1, Applications list - application: electronics-and-chips device: Ground fault protection devices example: The same application list names ground fault protection devices. source: s3a-bulletin where: Page 1, Applications list - application: electronics-and-chips device: High-frequency cores example: The benefits list reads "Low core loss at high frequencies (>1 kHz)", and the application list names high frequency cores. source: s3a-bulletin where: Page 1, Applications and Benefits lists supply: - subject: Iron producers: - country: Australia share_percent: 37.7 year: 2025 - country: Brazil share_percent: 16.2 year: 2025 - country: India share_percent: 11.9 year: 2025 - country: China share_percent: 11.2 year: 2025 critical_lists: - list: USGS 2025 List of Critical Minerals listed: false recycling: 'USGS iron ore chapter: ''None'', which refers readers to the Iron and Steel Scrap chapter.' substitutes: - 'USGS: the only source of primary iron is iron ore; DRI, iron nuggets and scrap are extensively used for steelmaking in electric arc furnaces and foundries.' source: usgs-mcs2026-iron where: World Mine Production and Reserves table, usable ore, 2025e (world total 2,600,000 thousand t); shares calculated by Space Mushroom from those values; Recycling; Substitutes - subject: Niobium producers: - country: Brazil share_percent: 92.9 year: 2025 - country: Canada share_percent: 5.4 year: 2025 critical_lists: - list: USGS 2025 List of Critical Minerals listed: true recycling: 'USGS: niobium was recycled with niobium-bearing steels and superalloys, but scrap recovery specifically for niobium content was negligible.' substitutes: - 'USGS: ceramic matrix composites, molybdenum, tantalum and tungsten can replace niobium in high-temperature superalloy applications, with a performance loss or higher cost.' source: usgs-mcs2026-niobium where: World Mine Production and Reserves table, 2025e (world total 112,000 in niobium content; shares calculated by Space Mushroom); Recycling; Substitutes. Critical list status from the USGS 2025 list page. - subject: Boron critical_lists: - list: USGS 2025 List of Critical Minerals listed: true source: usgs-mcs2026-iron where: Iron ore chapter, World Mine Production and Reserves paragraph on the final 2025 list (boron added) - subject: Silicon critical_lists: - list: USGS 2025 List of Critical Minerals listed: true source: usgs-mcs2026-iron where: Iron ore chapter, World Mine Production and Reserves paragraph on the final 2025 list (silicon added) - subject: Copper critical_lists: - list: USGS 2025 List of Critical Minerals listed: true source: usgs-mcs2026-iron where: Iron ore chapter, World Mine Production and Reserves paragraph on the final 2025 list (copper added) - subject: Chromium critical_lists: - list: USGS 2025 List of Critical Minerals listed: true source: usgs-crit2025 where: Explore the 2025 List of Critical Minerals section - subject: Manganese critical_lists: - list: USGS 2025 List of Critical Minerals listed: true source: usgs-crit2025 where: Explore the 2025 List of Critical Minerals section documents: - title: METGLAS Magnetic Alloy 2605S3A (Iron-based) Technical Bulletin type: datasheet url: https://metglas.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/2605S3A-Magnetic-Alloy-updated.pdf year: 2009 - title: Safety Data Sheet, FT-3W and 2605S3A (Metglas, Inc.) type: sds url: https://metglas.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/FT-3W-and-2605S3A_SDSFinal.pdf year: 2020 - title: METGLAS Magnetic Materials, 2605S3A product section type: datasheet url: https://metglas.com/magnetic-materials/ - title: Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026, Iron Ore (USGS) type: report url: https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-iron-ore.pdf year: 2026 - title: Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026, Niobium (Columbium) (USGS) type: report url: https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-niobium.pdf year: 2026 gaps: - 'No core-loss value is printed for 2605S3A: the bulletin shows a core-loss curve as an image, and the product page gives only a graph.' - The Vickers hardness row is printed without a unit in the bulletin and on the product page, so no value is recorded. - No UNS, ASTM, EN, DIN, JIS or AISI designation for 2605S3A is printed in the sources read; only the trade names 2605S3A and METGLAS Alloy 2605S3A are listed. - The SDS covers FT-3W and 2605S3A in one document. Its composition, melting point and hazard entries are not split by product. - The SDS composition table gives percentage ranges without saying whether they are weight or atomic percent. - Chromium, manganese and copper have no producer shares in this profile; the USGS iron ore and niobium chapters do not cover them. - No magnetic relaxation, field-anneal or forming data are printed for 2605S3A in the sources read. - No vacuum, cryogenic, radiation or flight data for 2605S3A were found in the sources read. - The DC permeability rows carry no unit in the source, so they are entered as dimensionless values. - Several benchmark names, such as lamination_factor and crystallization_temperature, are outside the canonical list because no canonical name fits. - The ASM Alloy Digest entry for 2605S3A is behind a paywall; only its abstract was read, and it gives no values. - PubChem could not be read in this run (browser check page), so hazard data rest on the SDS alone. sources: s3a-bulletin: title: METGLAS Magnetic Alloy 2605S3A (Iron-based) Technical Bulletin id: ref 2605S3A03112009; copyright 2003-2009 url: https://metglas.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/2605S3A-Magnetic-Alloy-updated.pdf year: 2009 kind: datasheet license: manufacturer document, linked not reproduced s3a-sds: title: Safety Data Sheet, FT-3W and 2605S3A (Metglas, Inc.) id: Date of issue 07/17/2020, version 1; combined document for two products url: https://metglas.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/FT-3W-and-2605S3A_SDSFinal.pdf year: 2020 kind: datasheet license: supplier document, linked not reproduced metglas-web: title: METGLAS Magnetic Materials, 2605S3A section (General Properties and Characteristics) id: Metglas, Inc. product page, undated url: https://metglas.com/magnetic-materials/ kind: web license: manufacturer web page, linked not reproduced usgs-mcs2026-iron: title: Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026, Iron Ore id: USGS MCS 2026, February 2026 url: https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-iron-ore.pdf year: 2026 kind: report license: public domain (USGS) usgs-mcs2026-niobium: title: Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026, Niobium (Columbium) id: USGS MCS 2026, February 2026 url: https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-niobium.pdf year: 2026 kind: report license: public domain (USGS) usgs-crit2025: title: About the 2025 List of Critical Minerals (USGS) id: Final 2025 List of Critical Minerals, November 2025 url: https://www.usgs.gov/programs/mineral-resources-program/science/about-2025-list-critical-minerals year: 2025 kind: web license: public domain (USGS) wiki-metallic-glass: title: Metallic glass (Wikipedia) id: English Wikipedia article, Metallic glass url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metallic_glass kind: web license: CC BY-SA asm-fe157: title: METGLAS ALLOY 2605S3A Magnetic Alloy, ASM Alloy Digest Fe-157 (abstract only) id: ASM Alloy Digest, filing code Fe-157 url: https://dl.asminternational.org/alloy-digest/article/60/11/Fe-157/7416/METGLAS-ALLOY-2605S3AMagnetic-Alloy kind: handbook license: ASM Digital Library, abstract read license: CC-BY-4.0 updated: '2026-11-01' review: status: draft method: assistant checked_values: 16 unreachable: 1 caveats: 2 note: Read by an AI assistant on 2026-11-01 from the technical bulletin, SDS, product page, USGS chapters and USGS critical-minerals page, all fetched in this run; values copied as printed. Vickers hardness left out (no unit printed). Supply shares calculated from the USGS tables. story: recipe: line: METGLAS 2605S3A is an iron-based ribbon. The safety data sheet lists its ingredients as percentage ranges rather than a fixed formula. Amorphous metals are non-crystalline with a glass-like structure, according to the Wikipedia article on metallic glass, and the SDS gives 'Amorphous Metal Ribbon' as the product's other name. parts: - name: Iron symbol: Fe share_percent: 69 share_high: 100 role: Main constituent; the SDS gives a range. source: s3a-sds where: Section 3, Composition table - name: Silicon symbol: Si share_percent: 0 share_high: 10 role: Alloying element; the SDS gives a range. source: s3a-sds where: Section 3, Composition table - name: Niobium symbol: Nb share_percent: 0 share_high: 7 role: Alloying element; the SDS gives a range. source: s3a-sds where: Section 3, Composition table - name: Boron symbol: B share_percent: 0 share_high: 5 role: Ingredient listed in the SDS; the SDS gives a range. source: s3a-sds where: Section 3, Composition table - name: Chromium symbol: Cr share_percent: 0 share_high: 5 role: Ingredient listed in the SDS; the SDS gives a range. source: s3a-sds where: Section 3, Composition table - name: Manganese symbol: Mn share_percent: 0 share_high: 2 role: Ingredient listed in the SDS; the SDS gives a range. source: s3a-sds where: Section 3, Composition table - name: Copper symbol: Cu share_percent: 0 share_high: 2 role: Ingredient listed in the SDS; the SDS gives a range. source: s3a-sds where: Section 3, Composition table risk_groups: - title: For people level: 1 verdict: Not classified under OSHA HCS lead: The safety data sheet says the ribbon is not considered hazardous under the OSHA Hazard Communication Standard. Its sharp or heavy edges are the practical hazard. points: - label: Edges and weight line: The SDS asks for care with items that are sharp or heavy, and for cut-resistant gloves. - label: Fumes line: The SDS notes that metal fume fever may follow exposure to high concentrations of fumes. - label: Ingredients line: The SDS lists chromium with an IARC entry printed as 3, and manganese as a repeated-exposure hazard in Category 2, affecting the central nervous system and lungs. - title: If the ribbon melts or burns level: 2 verdict: Toxic vapour and metal oxides lead: These points come from the SDS and the bulletin, not from field incidents. points: - label: Melting point line: The SDS gives a melting point of 1180 °C. Decomposition products may include metal oxides and toxic vapour. - label: Crystallization line: The bulletin gives a crystallization temperature of 535 °C but does not say what happens to the ribbon's properties above it. - title: Handling and storage points: - label: Storage line: The SDS says to store the ribbon according to local regulations, and to check Section 10 for incompatible materials, which include moisture and corrosive materials. - label: Service temperature line: The bulletin gives a continuous service temperature of 150 °C. why: METGLAS 2605S3A is an iron-based amorphous metal ribbon made by Metglas, Inc. The safety data sheet names it as an amorphous metal ribbon for the electrical industry. The manufacturer's bulletin lists it for current transformers, ground fault protection devices and high-frequency cores. The bulletin claims a high operating temperature with minimal flux density reduction, and the ASM Alloy Digest abstract calls it an iron-base alloy with high permeability. uses: - where: Current transformers and ground fault protection line: The manufacturer's bulletin names current transformers and ground fault protection devices as applications for 2605S3A. - where: High-frequency cores line: The bulletin lists high-frequency cores as an application and gives as a benefit "Low core loss at high frequencies (>1 kHz)". can_do: - label: Saturation induction benchmark: saturation_induction line: The bulletin gives a saturation induction of 1.41 T for the ribbon. - label: Permeability benchmark: dc_permeability value: 35,000 annealed; above 20,000 as cast line: The bulletin gives a maximum DC permeability of 35,000 when annealed and above 20,000 as cast. It prints no unit for this value, so the profile enters it as a dimensionless number. - label: Continuous temperature benchmark: max_service_temp value: 150 °C line: The bulletin gives a continuous service temperature of 150 °C. - label: Lamination benchmark: lamination_factor line: The bulletin gives a lamination factor above 75 %, which the profile records as a lower bound. compare: The sources read do not compare METGLAS 2605S3A with other magnetic alloys. Within its own bulletin the density is 7.29 g/cm3 and the Curie temperature is 358 °C, and the product page prints the same values. The product page lists 2605S3A alongside other Metglas alloys, but this profile records only the values printed for 2605S3A itself. compare_rows: - label: Density benchmark: density - label: Saturation induction benchmark: saturation_induction - label: Curie temperature benchmark: curie_temperature handling: - Wear strong, cut-resistant gloves suitable for handling metals, as the SDS asks. - Take care with items that are sharp or heavy. - Keep the ribbon away from moisture and corrosive materials, which the SDS lists as incompatible. - Wash hands and face before eating, drinking and smoking, as the SDS advises. good_for: - Current transformers and ground fault protection devices, two of the three applications in the manufacturer's bulletin. - High-frequency cores, where the manufacturer claims a high operating temperature with minimal flux density reduction. watch_out: - 'No core-loss value is printed for this grade: the bulletin shows a core-loss curve as an image only.' - No corrosion rate is printed; the SDS lists moisture and corrosive materials as incompatible. - The SDS covers FT-3W and 2605S3A in one document, so its composition, melting point and hazard entries may not apply to 2605S3A alone. - Magnetic relaxation after a change in field, and forming behaviour, are not documented for this grade in the sources read. verdict: METGLAS 2605S3A is a documented iron-based amorphous ribbon for high-frequency cores, current transformers and ground fault protection devices. Its bulletin and product page print the same values. Its core loss, corrosion behaviour and long-term magnetic stability are not documented in the sources read.