spore: profile
id: aluminium-5754
spore_version: 0.2
family: aluminium-alloys
name: Aluminium alloy 5754
abbreviation: AlMg3
role: structural sheet and plate alloy
category: metals
type: aluminium
summary: |
  Aluminium alloy 5754 (EN AW-5754, AlMg3) is a wrought aluminium-magnesium alloy with 2.6 to 3.6 % magnesium. Datasheets describe it as having excellent resistance to seawater and industrial chemical attack, and it is easy to weld. Its density is 2.66 to 2.67 g/cm3. Strength depends on the temper: the tensile range is 190 to 260 MPa in H114 sheet, 240 to 280 MPa in H24 sheet and plate, and 245 to 290 MPa in H22.
best_for: Welded structures and marine or chemical service where seawater corrosion resistance matters, at a density of about 2.67 g/cm3
weakest_at: Strength against heat-treatable aluminium alloys, since strength comes from the temper, and the risk of sensitisation in magnesium-rich grades held warm for long periods (no temperature threshold for this grade was verified)
identity:
  formula: Aluminium with 2.6 to 3.6 wt% magnesium, 0.1 to 0.6 wt% manganese plus chromium, and limits of 0.4 wt% iron, 0.4 wt% silicon, 0.1 wt% copper, 0.2 wt% zinc and 0.15 wt% titanium (EN AW-AlMg3, composition limits as printed for EN 573-3)
  source: abrams-5754
  where: Alloy Designation table and Chemical composition table (EN AW 5754, reference values as weight percent)
  designations:
    - system: EN
      code: '3.3535'
      source: abrams-5754
      where: Alloy Designation table, Material No. / Werkstoff-Nr. according to DIN 1712-3
    - system: EN name
      code: EN AW-AlMg3
      source: abrams-5754
      where: Alloy Designation table, Chem. Designation according to DIN EN 573-3
    - system: EN name
      code: EN AW-5754
      source: abrams-5754
      where: Alloy Designation table, Quality row (PREMIUM EN AW-5754)
    - system: DIN
      code: AlMg3
      source: abrams-5754
      where: Alloy Designation table, Abbreviation according to DIN 1712-3
    - system: UNS
      code: A95754
      note: printed as A95754 in the related specifications list for 5754
      source: smith-5754
      where: Product Description box, Related Material Specifications
    - system: ASTM
      code: B 209
      note: standard named on the 5754 page
      source: wikipedia-5754
      where: Introduction, Standards line
tags:
  environments: []
  stresses: []
  applications:
    - structures
properties:
  - benchmark: density
    label: Density, 5754 (EN AW-5754) characteristic value
    value: 2.67
    unit: g/cm3
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: not stated
      temperature: ambient, characteristic value
      unit_in_source: 2,67 g/cm³ (decimal comma)
    method: Characteristic value printed in a supplier datasheet
    status: ground
    source: abrams-5754
    where: Physical properties (ambient temperature / characteristic values), row Density
  - benchmark: density
    label: Density, 5754 in H22 condition
    value: 2.66
    unit: g/cm3
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: H22
      unit_in_source: 2.66 g/cm³
    method: Value printed in a supplier datasheet, with the note that the properties are for H22 material
    status: ground
    source: smith-5754
    where: Physical Properties box, Density
  - benchmark: elastic_modulus
    label: Modulus of elasticity, 5754 (characteristic value)
    value: 70
    unit: GPa
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: not stated
      temperature: ambient
      printed_as: ~ 70
    method: Approximate characteristic value printed in a supplier datasheet
    status: ground
    source: abrams-5754
    where: Physical properties (ambient temperature / characteristic values), row Modulus of elasticity
  - benchmark: elastic_modulus
    label: Modulus of elasticity, 5754 in H22 condition
    value: 68
    unit: GPa
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: H22
      unit_in_source: 68 GPa
    method: Value printed in a supplier datasheet for H22 material
    status: ground
    source: smith-5754
    where: Physical Properties box, Modulus of Elasticity
  - benchmark: thermal_conductivity
    label: Thermal conductivity, 5754 (characteristic range)
    value: 140
    value_high: 160
    bound: range
    unit: W/(m·K)
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: not stated
      temperature: ambient, characteristic values
    method: Range printed in a supplier datasheet
    status: ground
    source: abrams-5754
    where: Physical properties (ambient temperature / characteristic values), row Thermal conductivity
  - benchmark: thermal_conductivity
    label: Thermal conductivity, 5754 in H22 condition
    value: 147
    unit: W/(m·K)
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: H22
      temperature: not stated
      unit_in_source: 147 W/m.K
    method: Value printed in a supplier datasheet for H22 material
    status: ground
    source: smith-5754
    where: Physical Properties box, Thermal Conductivity
  - benchmark: thermal_conductivity
    label: Thermal conductivity, 5754 at 20 °C
    value: 132
    unit: W/(m·K)
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: not stated
      temperature: 20 °C
    method: Value printed in a supplier datasheet
    status: ground
    source: weerg-5754
    where: Material properties table, row Thermal conductivity (20°C)
  - benchmark: cte
    label: Coefficient of thermal expansion, 5754 (characteristic value)
    value: 23.9
    unit: ppm/K
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: not stated
      temperature: ambient, characteristic value
      unit_in_source: 23,9 [K-1 . 10-6]
    method: Characteristic value printed in a supplier datasheet
    status: ground
    source: abrams-5754
    where: Physical properties (ambient temperature / characteristic values), row Thermal expansion coefficient
  - benchmark: cte
    label: Coefficient of thermal expansion, 5754 in H22 condition
    value: 24
    unit: ppm/K
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: H22
      temperature: not stated
      unit_in_source: 24 x10-6 /K
    method: Value printed in a supplier datasheet for H22 material
    status: ground
    source: smith-5754
    where: Physical Properties box, Thermal Expansion
  - benchmark: specific_heat
    label: Specific heat capacity, 5754 (characteristic value)
    value: 900
    unit: J/(kg·K)
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: not stated
      temperature: ambient, characteristic value
    method: Characteristic value printed in a supplier datasheet
    status: ground
    source: abrams-5754
    where: Physical properties (ambient temperature / characteristic values), row Specific thermal capacity
  - benchmark: electrical_conductivity
    label: Electrical conductivity, 5754 (characteristic range)
    value: 20
    value_high: 23
    bound: range
    unit: m/(Ω·mm²)
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: not stated
      temperature: ambient, characteristic values
      note: 1 m/(Ω·mm²) is equal to 1 MS/m
    method: Range printed in a supplier datasheet
    status: ground
    source: abrams-5754
    where: Physical properties (ambient temperature / characteristic values), row Electrical conductivity
  - benchmark: melting_point
    label: Melting range, 5754
    value: 590
    value_high: 645
    bound: range
    unit: °C
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: not stated
      pressure: not stated
    method: Range printed in a 3D printing and machining supplier datasheet
    status: ground
    source: weerg-5754
    where: Material properties table, row Melting temperature
  - benchmark: melting_point
    label: Melting point, 5754 in H22 condition
    value: 600
    unit: °C
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: H22
      pressure: not stated
    method: Value printed in a supplier datasheet for H22 material
    status: ground
    source: smith-5754
    where: Physical Properties box, Melting Point
  - benchmark: yield_strength
    label: Proof stress, 5754 H114 sheet (minimum)
    value: 80
    bound: lower
    unit: MPa
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: H114
      form: sheet, 0.2 mm to 6.00 mm
      standard: BS EN 485-2
      unit_in_source: 80 Min MPa
    method: Minimum value printed in a distributor datasheet, listed as proof stress (not explicitly labelled Rp0.2)
    status: ground
    source: righton-5754-h114
    where: Mechanical properties (BS EN 485-2, Aluminium Sheet 0.2mm to 6.00mm), row Proof Stress
  - benchmark: yield_strength
    label: Proof stress, 5754 H24 sheet and plate (minimum)
    value: 160
    bound: lower
    unit: MPa
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: H24
      form: sheet and plate, 0.2 mm to 25 mm
      standard: BS EN 485-2
      unit_in_source: 160 Min MPa
    method: Minimum value printed in a distributor datasheet, listed as proof stress
    status: ground
    source: righton-5754-h24
    where: Mechanical properties (BS EN 485-2, Sheet & Plate 0.2mm to 25mm), row Proof Stress
  - benchmark: yield_strength
    label: Proof stress, 5754 H22 (range)
    value: 185
    value_high: 245
    bound: range
    unit: MPa
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: H22
      unit_in_source: 185 - 245 MPa
    method: Range printed in a supplier datasheet for H22 material
    status: ground
    source: smith-5754
    where: Mechanical Properties box, Proof Stress
  - benchmark: ultimate_tensile_strength
    label: Tensile strength, 5754 H114 sheet (range)
    value: 190
    value_high: 260
    bound: range
    unit: MPa
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: H114
      form: sheet, 0.2 mm to 6.00 mm
      standard: BS EN 485-2
      unit_in_source: 190 - 260 MPa
    method: Range printed in a distributor datasheet
    status: ground
    source: righton-5754-h114
    where: Mechanical properties (BS EN 485-2, Aluminium Sheet 0.2mm to 6.00mm), row Tensile Strength
  - benchmark: ultimate_tensile_strength
    label: Tensile strength, 5754 H24 sheet and plate (range)
    value: 240
    value_high: 280
    bound: range
    unit: MPa
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: H24
      form: sheet and plate, 0.2 mm to 25 mm
      standard: BS EN 485-2
      unit_in_source: 240 - 280 MPa
    method: Range printed in a distributor datasheet
    status: ground
    source: righton-5754-h24
    where: Mechanical properties (BS EN 485-2, Sheet & Plate 0.2mm to 25mm), row Tensile Strength
  - benchmark: ultimate_tensile_strength
    label: Tensile strength, 5754 H22 (range)
    value: 245
    value_high: 290
    bound: range
    unit: MPa
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: H22
      unit_in_source: 245 - 290 MPa
    method: Range printed in a supplier datasheet for H22 material
    status: ground
    source: smith-5754
    where: Mechanical Properties box, Tensile Strength
  - benchmark: elongation
    label: Elongation A50 mm, 5754 H114 (minimum)
    value: 12
    bound: lower
    unit: '%'
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: H114
      form: sheet, 0.2 mm to 6.00 mm
      gauge_length: A50 mm
      standard: BS EN 485-2
      unit_in_source: 12 Min %
    method: Minimum value printed in a distributor datasheet
    status: ground
    source: righton-5754-h114
    where: Mechanical properties (BS EN 485-2, Aluminium Sheet 0.2mm to 6.00mm), row Elongation A50 mm
  - benchmark: elongation
    label: Elongation A50 mm, 5754 H24 (minimum)
    value: 6
    bound: lower
    unit: '%'
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: H24
      form: sheet and plate, 0.2 mm to 25 mm
      gauge_length: A50 mm
      standard: BS EN 485-2
      unit_in_source: 6 Min %
    method: Minimum value printed in a distributor datasheet
    status: ground
    source: righton-5754-h24
    where: Mechanical properties (BS EN 485-2, Sheet & Plate 0.2mm to 25mm), row Elongation A50 mm
  - benchmark: elongation
    label: Elongation A50 mm, 5754 H22 (range)
    value: 10
    value_high: 15
    bound: range
    unit: '%'
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: H22
      gauge_length: A50 mm
      unit_in_source: 10 - 15%
    method: Range printed in a supplier datasheet for H22 material
    status: ground
    source: smith-5754
    where: Mechanical Properties box, Elongation A50 mm
  - benchmark: hardness_brinell
    label: Brinell hardness, 5754 H114 sheet
    value: 52
    unit: HB
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: H114
      form: sheet, 0.2 mm to 6.00 mm
      standard: BS EN 485-2
    method: Value printed in a distributor datasheet
    status: ground
    source: righton-5754-h114
    where: Mechanical properties (BS EN 485-2, Aluminium Sheet 0.2mm to 6.00mm), row Hardness Brinell
  - benchmark: hardness_brinell
    label: Brinell hardness, 5754 H24 sheet and plate
    value: 70
    unit: HB
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: H24
      form: sheet and plate, 0.2 mm to 25 mm
      standard: BS EN 485-2
    method: Value printed in a distributor datasheet
    status: ground
    source: righton-5754-h24
    where: Mechanical properties (BS EN 485-2, Sheet & Plate 0.2mm to 25mm), row Hardness Brinell
corrosion:
  - environment: Seawater and industrially polluted atmospheres
    headline: 5754 is marketed for excellent resistance to seawater and polluted air; no measured corrosion rate was found for this grade.
    effect: The Smiths datasheet says the alloy is highly resistant to both seawater and industrial chemical attack. The Righton H114 datasheet says it has excellent resistance to seawater and industrial chemical corrosion. Neither gives a corrosion rate, pit depth or exposure time.
    rating: low
    conditions:
      basis: manufacturer statements, qualitative
      exposure: not stated
    source: smith-5754
    where: Product Description and Corrosion Resistance sections
  - environment: 'Warm service: magnesium-rich grain boundaries (sensitisation)'
    headline: Magnesium-rich 5XXX alloys are checked for sensitisation, which makes them prone to intergranular attack. The temperature and time that matter for 5754 were not found in a page we could open.
    effect: A Virginia MS thesis on marine-grade 5XXX aluminium-magnesium alloys studies electrochemical etchants used to detect sensitisation. The abstract read gives no magnesium content or temperature in degrees Celsius.
    rating: moderate
    conditions:
      basis: thesis title and abstract only; no numbers read
      grade: 5XXX series, not 5754 specifically
    source: buczynski2012
    where: Title and abstract
risks:
  hazards:
    - text: The Metals Depot SDS for aluminium alloys (series 1000 to 7000, not naming 5754) calls aluminium and its alloys an article that is not hazardous in solid form. Cutting, milling, grinding, melting and welding can emit hazardous materials.
      ghs: []
      source: metals-depot-sds
      where: Section 2, Hazardous ingredients, Classification paragraph
    - text: The same SDS classifies aluminium in chips or powder form as a flammable solid, Category 1. Dusts from grinding can burn if ignited, and aluminium chips in contact with water can generate hydrogen.
      ghs: []
      source: metals-depot-sds
      where: Section 2 GHS table (Flammable Solid, in chips or powder form); Section 5, Specific hazards arising from material
    - text: The SDS says molten aluminium in contact with water may be explosive, and that fumes containing aluminium oxides are released above the melting point.
      ghs: []
      source: metals-depot-sds
      where: Section 5, Explosion data and Hazardous combustion products
  failure_risks:
    - mode: Sensitisation of magnesium-rich grain boundaries
      trigger: Long exposure of a magnesium-rich 5XXX alloy to warm service (no temperature or time threshold verified for 5754)
      consequence: Sensitised grain boundaries are vulnerable to intergranular corrosion. The thesis is a study of how to detect this condition; no rate or threshold was read.
      severity: moderate
      source: buczynski2012
      where: Title and abstract
    - mode: Lower ductility in strain-hardened tempers
      trigger: Choosing H24 instead of H114 for formed parts
      consequence: Minimum A50 elongation falls from 12 % in H114 (0.2 to 6.00 mm) to 6 % in H24 (0.2 to 25 mm), so the harder temper has less ductility for forming.
      severity: low
      source: righton-5754-h24
      where: Mechanical properties table (H24 page), row Elongation A50 mm; compare H114 page
  side_effects:
    - text: Above the melting point the alloy releases fumes containing aluminium oxides and smaller amounts of other alloying elements. The SDS also says copper and zinc fumes may evolve at very high temperatures.
      affects: Workers at melting, welding and cutting stations
      source: metals-depot-sds
      where: Section 5, Hazardous combustion products
  handling:
    - text: The SDS advises avoiding dust formation, ensuring adequate ventilation, and avoiding breathing metal fumes or dust during cutting, grinding or welding. Dust spills should be cleaned up without generating dust.
      source: metals-depot-sds
      where: Section 6 (accidental release) and Section 7 (handling and storage)
    - text: Smith rates the alloy as excellent in weldability, and brazability as poor.
      source: smith-5754
      where: Weldability box
  mitigations: []
uses:
  - application: structures
    device: Vehicle bodies, shipbuilding and naval construction
    example: Abrams lists vehicle construction, naval construction, metal and container construction, apparatus engineering, architecture, food industry and mechanical engineering as applications of EN AW 5754.
    source: abrams-5754
    where: Applications section
  - application: structures
    device: Welded chemical and nuclear structures
    example: Smith lists welded chemical and nuclear structures among its applications, and says the alloy is used in marine, oil and gas, chemical and nuclear sectors.
    source: smith-5754
    where: Applications box and Product Description
supply:
  - subject: Primary aluminium (smelter production)
    abundance: 'USGS: global bauxite resources are estimated at 55 to 75 billion tons, sufficient to meet world demand for aluminum metal well into the future (aluminum chapter, World Resources).'
    producers:
      - country: China
        share_percent: 60.8
        year: 2025
      - country: India
        share_percent: 5.7
        year: 2025
      - country: Russia
        share_percent: 5.3
        year: 2025
      - country: Canada
        share_percent: 4.5
        year: 2025
      - country: United Arab Emirates
        share_percent: 3.6
        year: 2025
    critical_lists: []
    recycling: 'USGS: in 2025 about 3.6 million tons of aluminum was recovered from purchased scrap in the United States, about 56 % from new scrap and 44 % from old scrap. Old scrap was equivalent to about 28 % of apparent consumption.'
    substitutes:
      - 'USGS: composites, magnesium, steel and titanium can substitute for aluminum in ground transportation uses; copper can replace aluminum in electrical and heat-exchange applications.'
    source: usgs-mcs2026-aluminum
    where: Smelter production table, 2025e column (world total 74,000 thousand t; shares calculated by Space Mushroom from China 45,000, India 4,200, Russia 3,900, Canada 3,300 and UAE 2,700); Recycling; World Resources; Substitutes
documents:
  - title: Abrams Industries datasheet, EN AW 5754 (AlMg3), ALU-Präz and round aluminium
    type: datasheet
    url: https://files.abrams-industries.com/aluminium/en_eu/5754.pdf
  - title: Righton Blackburns datasheet, Aluminium Alloy 5754 H114 Sheet and Plate (updated 2021)
    type: datasheet
    url: https://www.rightonblackburns.co.uk/datasheets/view/Righton-Blackburns-Ltd_Aluminium-Alloy-5754-H114-Sheet-Plate_299.pdf
    year: 2021
  - title: Righton Blackburns datasheet, Aluminium 5754 H24 Sheet and Plate (updated 2024)
    type: datasheet
    url: https://www.rightonblackburns.co.uk/datasheets/view/Righton-Blackburns-Ltd_Aluminium-Alloy-5754-H24-Sheet-Plate_340.pdf
    year: 2024
  - title: Smiths Metal Centres technical datasheet, 5754 Aluminium (H22 properties)
    type: datasheet
    url: https://www.smithmetal.com/pdf/aluminium/5xxx/5754.pdf
    year: 2023
  - title: Weerg technical datasheet, Aluminium 5754, v2.1
    type: datasheet
    url: https://www.weerg.com/hubfs/Datasheets/Datasheets%202024/ENG/EN_Alluminio5754.pdf
    year: 2026
  - title: 'Wikipedia: 5754 aluminium alloy (composition and designations only)'
    type: database
    url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5754_aluminium_alloy
    year: 2026
  - title: 'USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026: Aluminum'
    type: report
    url: https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-aluminum.pdf
    year: 2026
  - title: Metals Depot safety data sheet, Aluminum alloys series 1000, 2000, 3000, 5000, 6000 and 7000 (2018)
    type: datasheet
    url: https://www.metalsdepot.com/assets/files/Page-Editor-Files/MetalsDepotSDS-Aluminum-2018.pdf
    year: 2018
  - title: Buczynski, Electrochemical Analyses of Etchants Used to Detect Sensitization in Marine-Grade 5XXX Aluminum-Magnesium Alloys, MS thesis, University of Virginia
    type: paper
    url: https://libraetd.lib.virginia.edu/public_view/ht24wj56k
    year: 2012
gaps:
  - 'Critical-mineral listing for aluminium not read: the USGS aluminum chapter text read has no critical-minerals line, and the EU and BGS lists were not opened. critical_lists is empty.'
  - Crustal abundance of aluminium not looked up; the USGS bauxite resource figure is used as the feedstock statement.
  - No space, vacuum, outgassing, atomic-oxygen, radiation or cryogenic result for 5754 was found in a page we could open. No NASA source was located, so no tags.environments or tags.stresses are set.
  - The PubChem aluminium hazard record was blocked by an access check. The GHS wording comes from the Metals Depot SDS, which covers aluminium alloys in general and does not name 5754.
  - No magnesium content or temperature threshold for sensitisation in 5754 was found. The Buczynski thesis abstract read gives no numbers, and the Springer and Nature pages (srep26870) and the MDPI Coatings page were blocked.
  - No corrosion rate, pitting depth, atmospheric rate or seawater exposure data for 5754 found in a page we could open.
  - Production route (casting, homogenising, hot and cold rolling, annealing) not described from a fetched source; the story gives composition only.
  - Strength values cover H114, H24 and H22 only, from distributor and supplier datasheets. H111, O and H32 values were not read, and the Abrams and Weerg rows carry no temper, so they are kept as not stated.
  - The Smiths datasheet gives magnesium as 2.60 to 3.20 %, which conflicts with 2.6 to 3.6 % printed by Abrams and Righton (BS EN 573-3). The file uses the Abrams and Righton range and does not use the Smiths limit.
  - 'Righton lists A95754 as a corresponding designation but says it ''may not be a direct equivalent''. The UNS entry uses the Smiths related-specifications list instead. Trade names: none found in a fetched page.'
  - Electrical conductivity is not a canonical property name in property-canon.yaml, so it is used as printed in m/(Ω·mm²). Hardness is recorded as hardness_brinell, also not in property-canon.yaml.
  - Photos and drawings (media) not added. Atomic weights not given because the composition is set as weight-percent limits, not a formula.
sources:
  abrams-5754:
    title: Abrams Industries, Aluminium EN AW 5754 datasheet (chemical composition, physical properties, mechanical properties, applications)
    url: https://files.abrams-industries.com/aluminium/en_eu/5754.pdf
    kind: datasheet
    license: Supplier datasheet (cited, not reproduced)
  righton-5754-h114:
    title: Righton Blackburns, Aluminium Alloy 5754 H114 Sheet and Plate datasheet (updated 2021)
    url: https://www.rightonblackburns.co.uk/datasheets/view/Righton-Blackburns-Ltd_Aluminium-Alloy-5754-H114-Sheet-Plate_299.pdf
    year: 2021
    kind: datasheet
    license: Distributor datasheet, indicative only (cited, not reproduced)
  righton-5754-h24:
    title: Righton Blackburns, Aluminium 5754 H24 Sheet and Plate datasheet (updated 2024)
    url: https://www.rightonblackburns.co.uk/datasheets/view/Righton-Blackburns-Ltd_Aluminium-Alloy-5754-H24-Sheet-Plate_340.pdf
    year: 2024
    kind: datasheet
    license: Distributor datasheet, indicative only (cited, not reproduced)
  smith-5754:
    title: Smiths Metal Centres, 5754 Aluminium Technical Datasheet (H22 properties)
    url: https://www.smithmetal.com/pdf/aluminium/5xxx/5754.pdf
    year: 2023
    kind: datasheet
    license: Stockholder datasheet (cited, not reproduced)
  weerg-5754:
    title: Weerg, Technical datasheet, Aluminium 5754, v2.1 (last review 26/02/2026)
    url: https://www.weerg.com/hubfs/Datasheets/Datasheets%202024/ENG/EN_Alluminio5754.pdf
    year: 2026
    kind: datasheet
    license: Supplier datasheet (cited, not reproduced)
  wikipedia-5754:
    title: Wikipedia, 5754 aluminium alloy
    url: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5754_aluminium_alloy
    year: 2026
    kind: web
    license: CC BY-SA 4.0 (cited, not reproduced)
  usgs-mcs2026-aluminum:
    title: Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026, Aluminum (USGS, Adam M. Merrill)
    id: USGS MCS 2026
    url: https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-aluminum.pdf
    year: 2026
    kind: report
    license: Public domain (USGS)
  metals-depot-sds:
    title: Metals Depot Safety Data Sheet, Aluminum Alloys, series 1000, 2000, 3000, 5000, 6000 and 7000 (form 2018)
    url: https://www.metalsdepot.com/assets/files/Page-Editor-Files/MetalsDepotSDS-Aluminum-2018.pdf
    year: 2018
    kind: datasheet
    license: Supplier safety data sheet (cited, not reproduced)
  buczynski2012:
    title: Electrochemical Analyses of Etchants Used to Detect Sensitization in Marine-Grade 5XXX Aluminum-Magnesium Alloys (Joelle Buczynski, MS thesis, University of Virginia, 2012)
    url: https://libraetd.lib.virginia.edu/public_view/ht24wj56k
    year: 2012
    kind: paper
    license: University of Virginia thesis repository (cited, not reproduced)
license: CC-BY-4.0
updated: '2026-10-25'
review:
  status: draft
  method: assistant
  checked_values: 24
  unreachable: 4
  caveats: 5
  note: 'Values were read by an AI assistant on 2026-10-25 from the datasheets and the USGS text named in each entry. Unreachable: Aalco H26 datasheet, PubChem aluminium record, Springer and Nature (srep26870) and MDPI Coatings page. Caveats: tensile and proof values are distributor or supplier minimums and ranges for one temper each; the Smiths magnesium limit conflicts with BS EN 573-3; the supply shares are calculated from USGS 2025e smelter production; the hazard wording is from a generic aluminium-alloy SDS; the sensitisation entry rests on a thesis title and abstract without numbers.'
story:
  risk_groups:
    - title: For people
      lead: The solid alloy is not classified as hazardous. The hazards come from cutting, grinding, melting and welding, which give off dust and fumes.
      level: 1
      verdict: Low hazard as solid metal
      points:
        - label: Solid alloy
          line: The Metals Depot safety data sheet for aluminium alloys in the 1000 to 7000 series calls the solid metal an article, not hazardous in solid form. It does not name 5754.
        - label: Processing
          line: Dust from grinding can burn if ignited, and fumes at melting or welding contain aluminium oxides. Ventilation and dust control are the main precautions.
    - title: If it fails
      lead: The failure routes in the sources are sensitisation in warm service and lower ductility in harder tempers.
      points:
        - label: Sensitisation
          line: A thesis on marine-grade 5XXX alloys studies how to detect sensitisation, the grain-boundary condition that makes these alloys prone to intergranular attack. The abstract read gives no temperature for 5754.
        - label: Temper choice
          line: The H24 datasheet gives a minimum A50 elongation of 6 %, against 12 % for H114, so the harder temper forms less.
    - title: Handling and storage
      points:
        - label: Dust and fumes
          line: Avoid generating dust and breathing metal fumes. Keep the work area ventilated.
        - label: Welding
          line: Smiths rates the alloy as excellent in weldability and poor in brazability.
  why: 'Alloy 5754 is an aluminium-magnesium alloy with 2.6 to 3.6 % magnesium. Datasheets describe excellent resistance to seawater and industrial chemical attack, and easy welding. Its density is 2.66 to 2.67 g/cm3. Strength depends on the temper: the datasheets give tensile strengths of 190 to 260 MPa in H114 sheet, 240 to 280 MPa in H24 sheet and plate, and 245 to 290 MPa in H22.'
  uses:
    - where: Vehicle bodies and ships
      line: Datasheets list shipbuilding, vehicle bodies, fishing equipment and food processing among the uses of 5754. Abrams also lists container and architectural construction.
    - where: Welded chemical and nuclear structures
      line: Smiths lists welded chemical and nuclear structures among the applications, and says the alloy is used in marine, oil and gas, chemical and nuclear sectors. No space-flight use was found in the sources read.
  can_do:
    - label: Weight
      value: 2.67 g/cm3
      benchmark: density
      line: Density is 2.67 g/cm3 in Abrams and 2.66 g/cm3 for H22 in Smiths.
    - label: Strength by temper
      value: 190 to 260 MPa (H114)
      benchmark: ultimate_tensile_strength
      line: Tensile strength is 190 to 260 MPa in H114 sheet (0.2 to 6.00 mm), 240 to 280 MPa in H24 sheet and plate, and 245 to 290 MPa in H22.
    - label: Heat conduction
      value: 140 to 160 W/(m·K)
      benchmark: thermal_conductivity
      line: Abrams gives 140 to 160 W/(m·K) at ambient temperature. Smiths gives 147 W/(m·K) for H22, and Weerg gives 132 W/(m·K) at 20 °C.
    - label: Melting
      value: 590 to 645 °C
      benchmark: melting_point
      line: Weerg gives a melting range of 590 to 645 °C, and Smiths gives 600 °C.
    - label: Joining
      value: Excellent weldability
      line: Smiths rates weldability as excellent and brazability as poor.
  compare: 'This file does not set 5754 against other profiles, because the numbers of those profiles were not read in this run. Read the compare rows against a reference point of your choice: the density is 2.66 to 2.67 g/cm3, the thermal conductivity is 132 to 160 W/(m·K), and the H114 tensile range is 190 to 260 MPa.'
  compare_rows:
    - label: Density
      benchmark: density
    - label: Thermal conductivity
      benchmark: thermal_conductivity
    - label: Tensile strength
      benchmark: ultimate_tensile_strength
  handling:
    - Specify the temper, because strength runs from 190 to 290 MPa across H114, H24 and H22, and elongation falls in harder tempers.
    - Keep dust down when cutting, grinding or welding, and ventilate the work area.
    - Do not pour water onto molten metal, since the SDS says it may be explosive.
  good_for:
    - 'Seawater and polluted-air service: the datasheets describe excellent resistance to seawater and industrial chemical attack.'
    - 'Welded fabrication: excellent weldability, per Smiths.'
    - 'Light structures: density of 2.66 to 2.67 g/cm3.'
  watch_out:
    - Sensitisation in magnesium-rich grades held warm for long periods. No temperature threshold for 5754 was verified.
    - Harder tempers such as H24 give 6 % minimum elongation, against 12 % for H114.
    - No corrosion rate, space test or outgassing result for this grade was found.
  verdict: Alloy 5754 is a weldable, seawater-resistant aluminium-magnesium sheet alloy with a density of about 2.67 g/cm3. Its strength depends on the temper, and this profile has no measured corrosion rate, space test or sensitisation threshold for the grade.
  recipe:
    line: 'Aluminium alloy 5754 is an aluminium-magnesium alloy. Its composition is set by BS EN 573-3 as ranges in weight percent: magnesium is the main alloying element at 2.6 to 3.6 %, with manganese plus chromium at 0.1 to 0.6 % and small limits on iron, silicon, copper, zinc and titanium. Aluminium is the balance (Abrams; Righton). The process is not described from a fetched source.'
    parts:
      - name: Aluminium
        symbol: Al
        share: balance
        role: The matrix. Aluminium makes up the rest of the alloy after the listed elements.
      - name: Magnesium
        symbol: Mg
        share_min_percent: 2.6
        share_max_percent: 3.6
        role: The main alloying element, at the level set by BS EN 573-3.
      - name: Manganese plus chromium
        symbol: Mn+Cr
        share_min_percent: 0.1
        share_max_percent: 0.6
        role: Minor elements, limited together by the standard.
      - name: Iron
        symbol: Fe
        share_max_percent: 0.4
        role: Impurity limit.
      - name: Silicon
        symbol: Si
        share_max_percent: 0.4
        role: Impurity limit.
      - name: Copper
        symbol: Cu
        share_max_percent: 0.1
        role: Impurity limit.
      - name: Zinc
        symbol: Zn
        share_max_percent: 0.2
        role: Impurity limit.
      - name: Titanium
        symbol: Ti
        share_max_percent: 0.15
        role: Impurity limit.