spore: profile
id: aluminium-1050
spore_version: 0.2
family: aluminium-alloys
name: Aluminium alloy 1050
abbreviation: '1050'
role: commercially pure wrought aluminium for chemical plant, sheet metal and heat-transfer parts
category: metals
type: aluminium
summary: |
  1050 (sold as 1050A, EN AW-1050A, UNS A91050) is a wrought commercially pure aluminium with at least 99.5 wt% aluminium. It belongs to the 1xxx series, which also includes 1070, 1100 and 1200. Smiths calls 1050A unalloyed sheet, non-heat-treatable and strain hardened to the H14 half-hard temper for general sheet metal work. For 1050A the Smiths datasheet gives a melting range of 645 to 657 °C, a thermal conductivity of 229 W/m.K and an elastic modulus of 69000 MPa. This profile reads datasheet figures for 1050A, 1100 and 1200. No datasheet with numbers for 1070 was found, so 1070 is covered in the text only. None of the sources read here records a flight or spacecraft use.
best_for: Formed sheet, chemical plant and heat-transfer parts that need very good corrosion resistance and easy forming more than strength (Smiths and Righton list these uses)
weakest_at: Low strength in the soft tempers (Smiths gives 100 to 135 N/mm2 typical tensile for 1050A H14, and 1200 O is 70 to 105 N/mm2); no measured corrosion test data were read
identity:
  formula: 'Commercially pure aluminium, EN AW-1050A. Composition limits in wt% (Smiths): Al min 99.50; Si max 0.25; Fe max 0.40; Cu max 0.05; Mn max 0.05; Mg max 0.05; Zn max 0.07; Ti max 0.05; other elements max 0.03 each; Al balance'
  cas: 7429-90-5
  source: smith-1050a
  where: Chemical Composition (weight %) table, Smiths 1050A datasheet (Al min 99.50; Si, Fe, Cu, Mn, Mg, Zn, Ti and Others limits). CAS 7429-90-5 from the Metric Metal SDS, Section 3.
  designations:
    - system: UNS
      code: A91050
      source: aircraftmaterials-1050
      where: Specifications list, row UNS A91050
    - system: EN
      code: '3.0255'
      source: aircraftmaterials-1050
      where: 'Specifications list, row Germany: 3.0255, Al99.5'
    - system: DIN
      code: Al99.5
      source: aircraftmaterials-1050
      where: 'Specifications list, row Germany: 3.0255, Al99.5'
    - system: EN name
      code: EN AW-1050A
      source: smith-1050a
      where: Technical Description, first paragraph (EN AW 1050A H14)
    - system: BS
      code: 1B
      source: aircraftmaterials-1050
      where: 'Specifications list, row BS: 1B and 5L36'
    - system: BS
      code: S1B
      note: previous BS name for the same grade
      source: smith-1050a
      where: Technical Description, previous BS specification name
tags:
  environments: []
  stresses: []
  applications:
    - thermal-control
    - structures
    - electronics-and-chips
properties:
  - benchmark: density
    label: Density, 1100 (Dinco)
    value: 2.71
    unit: g/cm3
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: not stated on the page
      temperature: not stated
    method: Value printed in the Physical Properties table of a supplier datasheet
    status: ground
    source: dinco-1100
    where: Physical properties table, row Density
  - benchmark: density
    label: Density, 1200 (Smiths)
    value: 2.71
    unit: g/cm3
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: not stated
      form: not stated
    method: Value printed in the Physical Properties table of a supplier datasheet
    status: ground
    source: smith-1200
    where: Physical Properties table, row Density
  - benchmark: melting_point
    label: Melting range, 1050A
    value: 645
    value_high: 657
    bound: range
    unit: °C
    scope: material
    conditions:
      alloy: 1050A
      form: not stated
    method: Range printed on a supplier datasheet
    status: ground
    source: smith-1050a
    where: Typical Mechanical Properties table, row Melting range
  - benchmark: melting_point
    label: Melting range, 1100 (Dinco)
    value: 643
    value_high: 657
    bound: range
    unit: °C
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: not stated on the page
    method: Range printed in the Physical properties table of a supplier datasheet
    status: ground
    source: dinco-1100
    where: Physical properties table, row Melting Point
  - benchmark: melting_point
    label: Melting point, 1200
    value: 660
    unit: °C
    scope: material
    conditions:
      form: not stated
    method: Single value printed on a supplier datasheet
    status: ground
    source: smith-1200
    where: Physical Properties table, row Melting Point
  - benchmark: thermal_conductivity
    label: Thermal conductivity, 1050A H14
    value: 229
    unit: W/m.K
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: H14 (the datasheet is for 1050A H14 sheet)
      temperature: not stated
    method: Value printed on a supplier datasheet
    status: ground
    source: smith-1050a
    where: Typical Mechanical Properties table, row Thermal conductivity
  - benchmark: thermal_conductivity
    label: Thermal conductivity, 1100 (Dinco)
    value: 222
    unit: W/m.K
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: not stated on the page
      temperature: not stated
    method: Value printed in the Physical properties table of a supplier datasheet
    status: ground
    source: dinco-1100
    where: Physical properties table, row Thermal Conductivity
  - benchmark: thermal_conductivity
    label: Thermal conductivity, 1200
    value: 226
    unit: W/m°K
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: not stated
      temperature: not stated
    method: Value printed on a supplier datasheet
    status: ground
    source: smith-1200
    where: Physical Properties table, row Thermal conductivity
  - benchmark: cte
    label: Thermal expansion, 1050A H14
    value: 23.5
    unit: x10-6/K
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: H14 (the datasheet is for 1050A H14 sheet)
      temperature: not stated
    method: Value printed on a supplier datasheet (printed as 1/K 23.5x10-6)
    status: ground
    source: smith-1050a
    where: Typical Mechanical Properties table, row Coefficient of thermal expansion
  - benchmark: cte
    label: Thermal expansion, 1100 (Dinco)
    value: 23.6
    unit: x10-6/K
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: not stated on the page
      temperature: not stated
    method: Value printed on a supplier datasheet (printed as 23.6 x10-6 /K)
    status: ground
    source: dinco-1100
    where: Physical properties table, row Thermal Expansion
  - benchmark: cte
    label: Thermal expansion coefficient, 1200
    value: 24
    unit: x10-6/K
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: not stated
      temperature: not stated
    method: Value printed on a supplier datasheet
    status: ground
    source: smith-1200
    where: Physical Properties table, row Thermal expansion coefficient
  - benchmark: elastic_modulus
    label: Modulus of elasticity, 1050A H14
    value: 69000
    unit: MPa
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: H14 (the datasheet is for 1050A H14 sheet)
      temperature: not stated
    method: Value printed on a supplier datasheet (printed as 69000 MPa)
    status: ground
    source: smith-1050a
    where: Typical Mechanical Properties table, row Elastic modulus
  - benchmark: elastic_modulus
    label: Modulus of elasticity, 1100 (Dinco)
    value: 68
    unit: GPa
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: not stated on the page
      temperature: not stated
    method: Value printed in the Physical properties table of a supplier datasheet
    status: ground
    source: dinco-1100
    where: Physical properties table, row Modulus of Elasticity
  - benchmark: elastic_modulus
    label: Modulus of elasticity, 1200
    value: 69
    unit: GPa
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: not stated
      temperature: not stated
    method: Value printed on a supplier datasheet
    status: ground
    source: smith-1200
    where: Physical Properties table, row Modulus of elasticity
  - benchmark: electrical_conductivity
    label: Electrical conductivity, 1050A H14
    value: 58.4
    unit: '% IACS'
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: H14 (the datasheet is for 1050A H14 sheet)
      temperature: not stated
    method: Value printed on a supplier datasheet. The name electrical_conductivity is a short snake_case name because the canon has no entry for it.
    status: ground
    source: smith-1050a
    where: Typical Mechanical Properties table, row Electrical conductivity
  - benchmark: electrical_conductivity
    label: Electrical conductivity, 1200
    value: 59.5
    unit: IACS
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: not stated
      temperature: not stated
    method: Value printed on a supplier datasheet. The name electrical_conductivity is a short snake_case name because the canon has no entry for it.
    status: ground
    source: smith-1200
    where: Physical Properties table, row Electrical Conductivity
  - benchmark: ultimate_tensile_strength
    label: Tensile strength range, 1050A H14 sheet (BS EN 485-2)
    value: 105
    value_high: 145
    bound: range
    unit: MPa
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: H14
      form: sheet, 0.2 mm to 6.00 mm
      standard: BS EN 485-2
    method: Range printed in the Mechanical Properties table of a supplier datasheet
    status: ground
    source: righton-1050a
    where: Mechanical Properties table (BS EN 485-2), row Tensile Strength
  - benchmark: ultimate_tensile_strength
    label: Tensile strength range, 1050A H14 sheet (typical)
    value: 100
    value_high: 135
    bound: range
    unit: N/mm2
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: H14 (the datasheet is for 1050A H14 sheet)
      form: sheet
      basis: typical
    method: Range printed in the Typical Mechanical Properties table of a supplier datasheet
    status: ground
    source: smith-1050a
    where: Typical Mechanical Properties table, row Tensile strength
  - benchmark: yield_strength
    label: Minimum proof stress, 1050A H14 sheet (BS EN 485-2)
    value: 85
    bound: lower
    unit: MPa
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: H14
      form: sheet, 0.2 mm to 6.00 mm
      standard: BS EN 485-2
      basis: minimum, printed as proof stress; offset not stated
    method: Minimum value printed in the Mechanical Properties table of a supplier datasheet
    status: ground
    source: righton-1050a
    where: Mechanical Properties table (BS EN 485-2), row Proof Stress
  - benchmark: yield_strength
    label: Minimum yield strength, 1050A H14 sheet (approximate)
    value: 75
    bound: lower
    unit: N/mm2
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: H14 (the datasheet is for 1050A H14 sheet)
      form: sheet
      basis: minimum, printed as approx. only
    method: Minimum value printed in the Typical Mechanical Properties table of a supplier datasheet, marked approximate
    status: ground
    source: smith-1050a
    where: Typical Mechanical Properties table, row Yield strength
  - benchmark: shear_strength
    label: Shear strength, 1050A H14 sheet
    value: 70
    unit: N/mm2
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: H14 (the datasheet is for 1050A H14 sheet)
      form: sheet
    method: Value printed on a supplier datasheet. The name shear_strength is not in the canon.
    status: ground
    source: smith-1050a
    where: Typical Mechanical Properties table, row Shear strength
  - benchmark: elongation
    label: Elongation A50, 1050A H14 (typical)
    value: 4
    value_high: 8
    bound: range
    unit: '%'
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: H14 (the datasheet is for 1050A H14 sheet)
      gauge_length: A50
      basis: typical
    method: Range printed in the Typical Mechanical Properties table of a supplier datasheet
    status: ground
    source: smith-1050a
    where: Typical Mechanical Properties table, row Elongation % (A50)
  - benchmark: elongation
    label: Minimum elongation A, 1050A H14 sheet (BS EN 485-2)
    value: 12
    bound: lower
    unit: '%'
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: H14
      form: sheet, 0.2 mm to 6.00 mm
      standard: BS EN 485-2
      gauge_length: A (printed as Elongation A)
      basis: minimum
    method: Minimum value printed in the Mechanical Properties table of a supplier datasheet
    status: ground
    source: righton-1050a
    where: Mechanical Properties table (BS EN 485-2), row Elongation A
  - benchmark: brinell_hardness
    label: Brinell hardness, 1050A H14 sheet
    value: 35
    unit: HB
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: H14 (the datasheet is for 1050A H14 sheet)
      form: sheet
    method: Value printed on a supplier datasheet. The name brinell_hardness is not in the canon.
    status: ground
    source: smith-1050a
    where: Typical Mechanical Properties table, row Brinell Hardness
  - benchmark: ultimate_tensile_strength
    label: Minimum tensile strength, 1050 bar, temper F
    value: 60
    bound: lower
    unit: N/mm2
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: F
      form: bar
    method: Minimum value printed in the Typical Mechanical Properties table of a supplier web page
    status: ground
    source: aircraftmaterials-1050
    where: Typical Mechanical Properties table, row Alloy 1050 Bar, column Tensile Strength (min)
  - benchmark: ultimate_tensile_strength
    label: Tensile strength range, 1100-0 sheet
    value: 11
    value_high: 15.5
    bound: range
    unit: ksi
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: 1100-0 (O)
      form: sheet
    method: Range printed in the Typical Mechanical Properties table of a supplier web page
    status: ground
    source: aircraftmaterials-1100
    where: Typical Mechanical Properties table, row 1100-0, column Tensile Strength ksi
  - benchmark: ultimate_tensile_strength
    label: Tensile strength range, 1100-H14 sheet (AircraftMaterials)
    value: 16
    value_high: 21
    bound: range
    unit: ksi
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: 1100-H14
      form: sheet
    method: Range printed in the Typical Mechanical Properties table of a supplier web page
    status: ground
    source: aircraftmaterials-1100
    where: Typical Mechanical Properties table, row 1100-H14, column Tensile Strength ksi
  - benchmark: ultimate_tensile_strength
    label: Tensile strength range, 1100 H14 sheet (ASTM B209M-14)
    value: 110
    value_high: 145
    bound: range
    unit: MPa
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: H14
      form: sheet, over 1.20 mm to 6.30 mm
      standard: ASTM B209M-14
    method: Range printed in the H14 mechanical properties table of a supplier web page
    status: ground
    source: dinco-1100
    where: Mechanical properties table (H14, ASTM B209M-14), row over 1.20 - 6.30, column Tensile Strength Rm
  - benchmark: yield_strength
    label: Minimum proof stress, 1100 H14 sheet (ASTM B209M-14)
    value: 95
    bound: lower
    unit: MPa
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: H14
      form: sheet, over 1.20 mm to 6.30 mm
      standard: ASTM B209M-14
      basis: minimum, 0.2% proof stress
    method: Minimum value printed in the H14 mechanical properties table of a supplier web page
    status: ground
    source: dinco-1100
    where: Mechanical properties table (H14, ASTM B209M-14), row over 1.20 - 6.30, column Proof Stress Rp min
  - benchmark: elongation
    label: Minimum elongation A50, 1100 H14 sheet (ASTM B209M-14)
    value: 5
    bound: lower
    unit: '%'
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: H14
      form: sheet, over 1.20 mm to 6.30 mm
      standard: ASTM B209M-14
      gauge_length: A50
      basis: minimum
    method: Minimum value printed in the H14 mechanical properties table of a supplier web page
    status: ground
    source: dinco-1100
    where: Mechanical properties table (H14, ASTM B209M-14), row over 1.20 - 6.30, column Elongation A50 min
  - benchmark: ultimate_tensile_strength
    label: Tensile strength range, 1200-O sheet
    value: 70
    value_high: 105
    bound: range
    unit: N/mm2
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: O
      form: sheet, strip, plate, 0.2 mm to 6.0 mm
    method: Range printed in the Typical Mechanical Properties table of a supplier web page
    status: ground
    source: aircraftmaterials-1200
    where: Typical Mechanical Properties table (Sheet, Strip, Plate), row O, column Tensile Strength (N/mm2)
  - benchmark: ultimate_tensile_strength
    label: Tensile strength range, 1200-H14 sheet
    value: 105
    value_high: 140
    bound: range
    unit: N/mm2
    scope: material
    conditions:
      temper: H14
      form: sheet, strip, plate, 0.2 mm to 12.5 mm
    method: Range printed in the Typical Mechanical Properties table of a supplier web page
    status: ground
    source: aircraftmaterials-1200
    where: Typical Mechanical Properties table (Sheet, Strip, Plate), row H14, column Tensile Strength (N/mm2)
corrosion:
  - environment: General, industrial and marine service (supplier rating, no test conditions)
    headline: Smiths rates the corrosion resistance of 1050A as very good.
    effect: The Smiths datasheet lists very good corrosion resistance and says unalloyed sheet can be used in normal, industrial and marine environments without problems. It suggests 5251 where the sheet is used specifically in marine environments. No test environment, exposure time or rate is given.
    rating: low
    conditions:
      rating_in_source: very good corrosion resistance (mapped to low corrosion severity)
      basis: qualitative supplier rating only
      test: none stated
    source: smith-1050a
    where: Key features list and Corrosion Resistance box, page 1
  - environment: General service (supplier characteristic, no test conditions)
    headline: Righton lists excellent corrosion resistance for 1050A.
    effect: The Righton datasheet lists excellent corrosion resistance under Characteristics. It describes no test, and the datasheet itself says its data are indicative only.
    rating: low
    conditions:
      rating_in_source: excellent corrosion resistance (mapped to low corrosion severity)
      basis: qualitative supplier description only
      test: none stated
    source: righton-1050a
    where: Characteristics list, page 2
  - environment: Atmospheric service (supplier rating, 1200)
    headline: Smiths rates the atmospheric corrosion resistance of 1200 as very good.
    effect: The Smiths 1200 datasheet lists very good atmospheric corrosion resistance as a key feature, and its Corrosion Resistance box reads High. No test condition is given.
    rating: low
    conditions:
      rating_in_source: very good atmospheric corrosion resistance; Corrosion Resistance box reads High (mapped to low corrosion severity)
      basis: qualitative supplier rating only
      test: none stated
    source: smith-1200
    where: Key features list and Corrosion Resistance box
risks:
  hazards:
    - text: The Metric Metal safety data sheet for aluminium alloys of the 1XXX to 8XXX series (revision 1, 28 January 2016) says the product is not classified and does not pose a health hazard under normal conditions of use and as delivered. It covers the whole alloy family, so this reading is family-level, not specific to 1050.
      ghs: []
      source: metricmetal-sds
      where: 'Section 2.1 (Classification: Not classified) and Section 2.2'
    - text: The same sheet says fine particles from grinding, cutting, polishing and welding may be readily ignitable, and that fine particles in contact with water or humid air may release flammable gases in hazardous quantities.
      ghs: []
      source: metricmetal-sds
      where: Section 2.2 (particular hazards) and Section 5.3 (special hazards)
  failure_risks:
    - mode: Soft O temper where strength is needed
      trigger: Specifying the O (annealed) temper for a load-bearing part
      consequence: AircraftMaterials gives 70 to 105 N/mm2 tensile for 1200-O against 105 to 140 N/mm2 for 1200-H14, and 11 to 15.5 ksi for 1100-0 against 16 to 21 ksi for 1100-H14. The temper must therefore be named.
      severity: moderate
      source: aircraftmaterials-1200
      where: Typical Mechanical Properties table (Sheet, Strip, Plate), rows O and H14; 1100 figures from aircraftmaterials-1100 rows 1100-0 and 1100-H14
    - mode: Dust explosion or flammable gas from fines during machining
      trigger: Dust, fines or chips from grinding, cutting, polishing or welding, or fines in contact with water
      consequence: The Metric Metal sheet says dust clouds may be explosive and that fines in contact with water may release flammable gases. For a fire involving dust, fines or molten metal it advises class D extinguishing agents.
      severity: high
      source: metricmetal-sds
      where: Section 2.2, Section 5 (fire-fighting measures) and Section 5.3
    - mode: Edge build-up and poor finish when machining
      trigger: Machining the soft alloy at low cutting speed
      consequence: Smiths says pure aluminium has only fair machinability because the alloy is soft, and edge build-up can occur at lower cutting speeds.
      severity: low
      source: smith-1050a
      where: Machining section, page 1
  side_effects: []
  handling:
    - text: Smiths says pure aluminium has only fair machinability because the alloy is soft. It recommends aluminium-geometry cutting tools running at a reasonable speed to avoid edge build-up.
      source: smith-1050a
      where: Machining section, page 1
    - text: Where grinding, sawing or polishing makes dust, use good ventilation or local exhaust. Special ventilation should convey finely divided metallic dust away from the work to eliminate explosion hazards.
      source: metricmetal-sds
      where: Sections 7 and 8 (ventilation and exposure controls)
    - text: Specify the temper and product form before comparing values. The datasheets print different figures for each temper, and the Righton datasheet warns that mechanical property requirements vary widely with temper, product and dimensions.
      source: righton-1050a
      where: Disclaimer, page 2
  mitigations:
    - text: Keep dust and fines controlled and dry, keep fines away from water, and use class D extinguishing agents on dust, fines or molten metal in a fire, as the sheet advises.
      source: metricmetal-sds
      where: Sections 5, 7 and 8
uses:
  - application: thermal-control
    device: Heat transfer devices
    example: Smiths lists heat transfer devices among the typical applications of 1050A sheet, together with kitchenware, vessels and the chemical industry.
    source: smith-1050a
    where: Typical Applications list, page 1
  - application: structures
    device: Architectural flashings and general sheet metalwork
    example: Righton lists architectural flashings and general sheet metalwork for 1050A. No space or launch use is named in the sources read.
    source: righton-1050a
    where: Applications list, page 2
  - application: electronics-and-chips
    device: Cable sheathing
    example: AircraftMaterials lists cable sheathing among the typical uses of Alloy 1050, with chemical process plant equipment, lamp reflectors and architectural flashings.
    source: aircraftmaterials-1050
    where: Applications list on the Alloy 1050 page
supply:
  - subject: Primary aluminium smelter production, 2025 estimate (world)
    producers:
      - country: China
        share_percent: 60.8
        year: 2025
      - country: India
        share_percent: 5.7
        year: 2025
      - country: Russia
        share_percent: 5.3
        year: 2025
      - country: Canada
        share_percent: 4.5
        year: 2025
      - country: United Arab Emirates
        share_percent: 3.6
        year: 2025
    critical_lists:
      - list: USGS 2025 List of Critical Minerals (aluminum listed; read on the USGS 2025 list page, source usgs-crit2025)
        listed: true
    recycling: 'USGS: in 2025 about 3.6 million tons of aluminum were recovered from purchased scrap in the United States. Old-scrap recovery was equivalent to about 28% of apparent consumption.'
    substitutes:
      - 'USGS: composites can substitute for aluminum in aircraft fuselages and wings. Copper can replace aluminum in electrical and heat-exchange applications.'
    source: usgs-mcs2026-aluminum
    where: World Smelter Production and Capacity table, column 2025e (China 45,000, India 4,200, Russia 3,900, Canada 3,300, United Arab Emirates 2,700, world total 74,000 thousand t). Shares calculated by Space Mushroom from those values. Recycling and Substitutes sections.
documents:
  - title: 'Smiths Metal Centres: 1050A (S1B) Aluminium Alloy Sheet Technical Datasheet (2023)'
    type: datasheet
    url: https://www.smithmetal.com/pdf/aluminium/1xxx/1050a.pdf
    year: 2023
  - title: 'Smiths Metal Centres: 1200 Aluminium Technical Datasheet (2023)'
    type: datasheet
    url: https://www.smithmetal.com/pdf/aluminium/1xxx/1200.pdf
    year: 2023
  - title: 'Righton and Blackburns: Aluminium 1050A H14 Sheet datasheet (updated 05 August 2021)'
    type: datasheet
    url: https://www.rightonblackburns.co.uk/datasheets/view/Righton-Blackburns-Ltd_Aluminium-Alloy-1050A-H14-Sheet_57.pdf
    year: 2021
  - title: 'AircraftMaterials: Aluminium Alloy 1050 / 1050A'
    type: datasheet
    url: https://aircraftmaterials.com/data/aluminium/1050.html
  - title: 'AircraftMaterials: Aluminium Alloy 1100'
    type: datasheet
    url: https://aircraftmaterials.com/data/aluminium/1100.html
  - title: 'AircraftMaterials: Aluminium Alloy 1200'
    type: datasheet
    url: https://aircraftmaterials.com/data/aluminium/1200.html
  - title: 'Dinco: Aluminium Alloy 1100 H14 data sheet'
    type: datasheet
    url: https://www.dinco.ae/resources/aluminium-alloy-1100-data-sheet
  - title: 'Metric Metal: Safety Data Sheet, aluminium alloys 1XXX to 8XXX (revision 1, 28 January 2016)'
    type: sds
    url: https://www.metricmetal.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/A-SDS-Aluminium-alloys-rev-1.pdf
    year: 2016
  - title: 'USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026: Aluminum'
    type: report
    url: https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-aluminum.pdf
    year: 2026
  - title: 'USGS: About the 2025 List of Critical Minerals'
    type: report
    url: https://www.usgs.gov/programs/mineral-resources-program/science/about-2025-list-critical-minerals
    year: 2025
gaps:
  - No datasheet with numbers for 1070 was found. 1070 is covered only as part of the 1xxx series in the text.
  - No flight, spacecraft, satellite or launch-vehicle record for 1050, 1100 or 1200 was found in the sources read here.
  - No measured corrosion data (salt spray, immersion, exfoliation) for 1050 was read. A 2021 open-access MATEC paper on AA1050 in 0.01 M NaCl returned HTTP 403, and a J-Stage abstract on AA1050 in NaCl was seen only as a search result. Neither was used.
  - Smiths and Righton disagree on 1050A H14 sheet strength. Smiths prints 100 to 135 N/mm2 typical tensile and a minimum yield of 75 N/mm2 marked approximate; Righton prints 105 to 145 MPa tensile and 85 MPa minimum proof stress (BS EN 485-2). Both are entered with their source and conditions.
  - No 1050A density was read. Density is entered for 1100 (Dinco) and 1200 (Smiths) only.
  - The Smiths 1200 composition table has mislabelled element columns. AircraftMaterials prints the 1200 aluminium limit as 99.0 max, while Smiths prints 99.0 min. Not resolved; the 1200 limits are not used in the recipe.
  - The AircraftMaterials 1100 page prints the copper limit as 0.05 - 0.020, which is a typo. No copper limit for 1100 is entered from that page.
  - Electrical conductivity (% IACS) and shear strength are not in property-canon.yaml. They use the short names electrical_conductivity, shear_strength and brinell_hardness, as the brief allows.
  - Dinco's electrical resistivity (0.029 x10-6 ohm.m) was left out because its unit is not clean. Its hardness note 'typically around 32 HB, for information only' was left out because it is not a specified value.
  - The safety data sheet is a family-level sheet covering 1XXX to 8XXX and remelt alloys (revision 2016). No 1050-specific SDS was read. PubChem's aluminium record returned a browser check page, so no GHS classification is recorded.
  - AA1050 is printed by Righton only as a corresponding designation that may not be a direct equivalent, so it is not listed as a designation.
  - No UNS, EN or DIN designations were read for 1070, 1100 or 1200, so none are listed for them.
  - The EU critical raw materials list was not checked for aluminium. The USGS 2025 list does list aluminum.
  - The NIST wrought-aluminium table link returned HTTP 404 and was not read.
  - The Aalco 1050A H14 PDF returned an empty file, so it was not read.
  - No process description beyond strain hardening to H14 (Smiths) was read. The recipe gives composition only.
  - No media files were added. No image was sourced in this run.
sources:
  smith-1050a:
    title: Smiths Metal Centres, 1050A (S1B) Aluminium Alloy Sheet Technical Datasheet
    url: https://www.smithmetal.com/pdf/aluminium/1xxx/1050a.pdf
    year: 2023
    kind: datasheet
    license: Supplier datasheet (cited, not reproduced)
  smith-1200:
    title: Smiths Metal Centres, 1200 Aluminium Technical Datasheet
    url: https://www.smithmetal.com/pdf/aluminium/1xxx/1200.pdf
    year: 2023
    kind: datasheet
    license: Supplier datasheet (cited, not reproduced)
  righton-1050a:
    title: Righton and Blackburns, Aluminium 1050A H14 Sheet datasheet (BS EN 573-3 and BS EN 485-2)
    url: https://www.rightonblackburns.co.uk/datasheets/view/Righton-Blackburns-Ltd_Aluminium-Alloy-1050A-H14-Sheet_57.pdf
    year: 2021
    kind: datasheet
    license: Supplier datasheet (cited, not reproduced)
  aircraftmaterials-1050:
    title: 'AircraftMaterials: Aluminium Alloy 1050 / 1050A'
    url: https://aircraftmaterials.com/data/aluminium/1050.html
    kind: datasheet
    license: Supplier web page (cited, not reproduced)
  aircraftmaterials-1100:
    title: 'AircraftMaterials: Aluminium Alloy 1100'
    url: https://aircraftmaterials.com/data/aluminium/1100.html
    kind: datasheet
    license: Supplier web page (cited, not reproduced)
  aircraftmaterials-1200:
    title: 'AircraftMaterials: Aluminium Alloy 1200'
    url: https://aircraftmaterials.com/data/aluminium/1200.html
    kind: datasheet
    license: Supplier web page (cited, not reproduced)
  dinco-1100:
    title: 'Dinco: Aluminium Alloy 1100 H14 data sheet (ASTM B209M-14 values)'
    url: https://www.dinco.ae/resources/aluminium-alloy-1100-data-sheet
    kind: datasheet
    license: Supplier web page (cited, not reproduced)
  metricmetal-sds:
    title: 'Metric Metal, Safety Data Sheet: Aluminium alloys 1XXX to 8XXX (revision 1)'
    id: revision date 28 January 2016; CAS 7429-90-5
    url: https://www.metricmetal.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/A-SDS-Aluminium-alloys-rev-1.pdf
    year: 2016
    kind: datasheet
    license: Supplier safety data sheet (cited, not reproduced)
  usgs-mcs2026-aluminum:
    title: 'Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026: Aluminum'
    id: USGS MCS 2026
    url: https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-aluminum.pdf
    year: 2026
    kind: report
    license: public domain (USGS)
  usgs-crit2025:
    title: About the 2025 List of Critical Minerals (USGS)
    id: Final 2025 List of Critical Minerals
    url: https://www.usgs.gov/programs/mineral-resources-program/science/about-2025-list-critical-minerals
    year: 2025
    kind: web
    license: public domain (USGS)
license: CC-BY-4.0
updated: '2026-10-26'
review:
  status: draft
  method: assistant
  checked_values: 32
  unreachable: 4
  caveats: 6
  note: 'Read by an AI assistant on 2026-10-26 from the pages named in each entry. Unreachable or blocked: PubChem aluminium record (browser check), MATEC 2021 AA1050 paper (HTTP 403), Aalco 1050A PDF (empty file), NIST wrought-aluminium table (HTTP 404). Caveats: Smiths and Righton disagree on 1050A H14 strength; the 1100 and 1200 values come from one or two supplier pages; the hazard classes are family-level; the corrosion entries are supplier ratings only; no 1070 figures; no space use confirmed.'
story:
  recipe:
    line: 1050 is a wrought commercially pure aluminium from the 1xxx series. It is at least 99.5 wt% aluminium, with iron and silicon as the largest impurity limits, and it is not heat treatable. Smiths describes 1050A H14 as sheet strain hardened to the half-hard temper. The sources read here do not describe the casting or rolling route. The shares below are composition limits, not measured values.
    parts:
      - name: Aluminium
        symbol: Al
        share: min 99.50 wt% (Smiths; AircraftMaterials 1050A column)
        role: The matrix of the alloy and its main constituent.
      - name: Iron
        symbol: Fe
        share: max 0.40 wt%
        role: The largest impurity limit. It is printed as max 0.40 by Smiths and AircraftMaterials, and Righton gives the same upper limit.
      - name: Silicon
        symbol: Si
        share: max 0.25 wt%
        role: Impurity limit, printed by Smiths, Righton and AircraftMaterials.
      - name: Zinc
        symbol: Zn
        share: max 0.07 wt%
        role: Impurity limit, printed by Smiths, Righton and AircraftMaterials for 1050A.
      - name: Titanium
        symbol: Ti
        share: max 0.05 wt%
        role: Impurity limit, printed by Smiths, Righton and AircraftMaterials.
      - name: Copper
        symbol: Cu
        share: max 0.05 wt%
        role: Impurity limit, printed by all three 1050 composition sources.
      - name: Manganese
        symbol: Mn
        share: max 0.05 wt%
        role: Impurity limit, printed by all three 1050 composition sources.
      - name: Magnesium
        symbol: Mg
        share: max 0.05 wt%
        role: Impurity limit, printed by all three 1050 composition sources.
  risk_groups:
    - title: For people
      level: 1
      verdict: Not classed hazardous; dust is the concern
      lead: The safety data sheet for the 1XXX to 8XXX alloy family finds no health hazard as delivered. The concern is dust and fines from processing.
      points:
        - label: Machining dust
          line: Fine particles from grinding, cutting, polishing and welding may be readily ignitable, and dust clouds can be explosive (family-level safety data sheet).
    - title: If it fails
      lead: The main failure routes in the sources are soft tempers and dust or fines.
      points:
        - label: Soft temper
          line: In the O temper, 1200 gives 70 to 105 N/mm2 tensile, against 105 to 140 N/mm2 in H14 (AircraftMaterials).
        - label: Fines in water
          line: Fine particles in contact with water or humid air may release flammable gases (Metric Metal safety data sheet).
    - title: Handling and storage
      points:
        - label: Name the temper
          line: Name the temper and product form before comparing values, because the datasheets print different figures for each temper.
        - label: Dust control
          line: Use good ventilation or local exhaust where grinding, sawing or polishing makes dust (Metric Metal safety data sheet, Section 8).
  why: 1050 is a commercially pure wrought aluminium with at least 99.5 wt% aluminium. Smiths calls 1050A unalloyed sheet with very good corrosion resistance and easy cold forming. It is used for heat transfer devices, packaging, kitchenware and chemical equipment, and Righton and AircraftMaterials list architectural flashings and cable sheathing. The 1xxx series also includes 1070, 1100 and 1200. This profile reads datasheet figures for 1050A, 1100 and 1200, and no numbers for 1070. The grade is soft, so its strength is low in the annealed temper. The sources read here give no space or flight use.
  uses:
    - where: Heat transfer devices, kitchenware and chemical equipment
      line: Smiths lists heat transfer devices, kitchenware, vessels and the chemical industry among the typical applications of 1050A sheet.
    - where: Architectural flashings, cable sheathing and sheet metalwork
      line: AircraftMaterials lists architectural flashings, lamp reflectors and cable sheathing for Alloy 1050. Righton lists architectural flashings and general sheet metalwork.
    - where: No space use found
      line: The sources read here name no space or launch use for the 1xxx grades.
  can_do:
    - label: Form
      value: Good forming
      benchmark: elongation
      line: Smiths gives 4 to 8 % elongation (A50) for typical 1050A H14 sheet. Righton gives a minimum of 12 % (Elongation A, BS EN 485-2). Smiths says the grade has good forming properties for bending and spinning.
    - label: Carry load (H14)
      value: 105 to 145 MPa tensile
      benchmark: ultimate_tensile_strength
      line: Righton gives 105 to 145 MPa tensile and a minimum proof stress of 85 MPa for 1050A H14 sheet (BS EN 485-2). Smiths gives 100 to 135 N/mm2 typical tensile.
    - label: Heat
      value: 229 W/m.K
      benchmark: thermal_conductivity
      line: Smiths gives 229 W/m.K for 1050A. It gives 226 W/m°K for 1200, and Dinco gives 222 W/m.K for 1100.
    - label: Weight
      value: 2.71 g/cm3
      benchmark: density
      line: Dinco gives 2.71 g/cm3 for 1100 and Smiths gives the same figure for 1200. No 1050A density was read in this run.
  compare: 1050 sits at the soft, formable and corrosion-resistant end of the aluminium sheet family. Smiths says that where forming and higher strength both matter, stronger grades such as 5251 are the better choice, and that 5251 may suit marine service better. The sources give figures for these grades only and do not compare them numerically with the other rows on this site.
  compare_rows:
    - label: Density
      benchmark: density
    - label: Thermal conductivity
      benchmark: thermal_conductivity
    - label: Modulus of elasticity
      benchmark: elastic_modulus
  handling:
    - Name the temper and the product form, because the datasheets give different values for each temper.
    - Keep dust and fines under control. Fine dust may be ignitable and dust clouds can be explosive.
    - Keep fines and chips away from water, since they can release flammable gases.
    - Machine with aluminium-geometry tools at a reasonable speed to avoid edge build-up (Smiths).
  good_for:
    - Heat transfer parts, where Smiths lists heat transfer devices as a use for 1050A.
    - Formed sheet, panels and chemical or food equipment that need corrosion resistance more than strength.
    - Welded fabrication by MIG or TIG (Smiths).
  watch_out:
    - Low strength in the soft tempers. 1200 in O is 70 to 105 N/mm2 tensile.
    - The corrosion ratings are qualitative supplier ratings. No measured corrosion data for 1050 were read.
    - Smiths suggests 5251 where the sheet is used specifically in marine environments.
    - Smiths and Righton disagree on 1050A H14 strength (see gaps).
  verdict: 1050 is a soft, easy-to-form and corrosion-resistant commercial aluminium for sheet, chemical and heat-transfer parts. Its strength is low, and the sources give no space or flight use and no measured corrosion test.