{
  "id": "axiom-axemu-spacesuit",
  "title": "Axiom Extravehicular Mobility Unit (AxEMU)",
  "maker": "Axiom Space",
  "maker_type": "Commercial",
  "kind": "mission",
  "category": "suits",
  "page": "https://spacemushroom.com/space-products/axiom-axemu-spacesuit/",
  "website": "https://www.axiomspace.com/axiom-suit",
  "summary": "Axiom Space lunar spacesuit for NASA Artemis III, derived from NASA's xEMU. Public pages name no specific materials.",
  "application": "Planned moonwalking suit for astronauts on the lunar surface during NASA's Artemis III mission, under a NASA commercial services contract. It is designed for the dusty, extreme-temperature south polar region.",
  "story": {
    "headline": "The AxEMU is Axiom Space's lunar spacesuit, planned for NASA astronauts walking on the Moon during Artemis III.",
    "intro": [
      "The Axiom Extravehicular Mobility Unit, or AxEMU, is the spacesuit Axiom Space is building for NASA's Artemis III mission. Astronauts will wear it to walk on the lunar surface, in the dusty, extreme-temperature south polar region. It is made under a NASA commercial services contract and derives from NASA's own xEMU suit.",
      "The outer layer is a white material that reflects heat and protects against lunar dust. Axiom Space developed its design and materials jointly with Prada. The joints mix soft and hard parts to give a wider range of motion."
    ],
    "built": [
      {
        "title": "Outer layer",
        "text": "The suit's outer layer for the Moon is a white material that reflects heat and protects the astronauts from extreme high temperatures and lunar dust. Its design and materials were developed jointly with Prada. A dark cover seen on display versions is for display only.",
        "parts": [
          "Outer layer, lunar-surface suit",
          "Outer layer, display version"
        ]
      },
      {
        "title": "Joints",
        "text": "The mobility joints combine soft and hard sections to give a greater range of motion. They belong to a design that builds on NASA's xEMU suit, with more flexibility and more protection.",
        "parts": [
          "Mobility joints"
        ]
      },
      {
        "title": "Backup systems and fit",
        "text": "The suit has multiple redundant systems, which are duplicated so that one can cover for another, and an onboard diagnostic system. It is sized to fit at least 90% of U.S. men and women.",
        "parts": []
      }
    ],
    "materials": [],
    "connections": "The AxEMU grows out of NASA's xEMU design. Axiom Space is developing it under a NASA commercial services contract for Artemis III. A prototype was first shown on 15 March 2023 at Space Center Houston, and the flight design was unveiled on 16 October 2024.",
    "unknown": "Public pages from Axiom Space, NASA and Prada name no materials for the suit. They do not give its layers, mass, working pressure or how long a spacewalk can last.",
    "facts": [
      {
        "label": "First reveal (prototype)",
        "value": "15 March 2023, Space Center Houston"
      },
      {
        "label": "Flight design unveiled",
        "value": "16 October 2024"
      },
      {
        "label": "Sizing",
        "value": "fits at least 90% of U.S. men and women"
      }
    ]
  },
  "specifications": [
    {
      "label": "First reveal (prototype)",
      "value": "15 March 2023, Space Center Houston",
      "source_url": "https://www.nasa.gov/humans-in-space/spacesuit-for-nasas-artemis-iii-moon-surface-mission-debuts/",
      "quote": "March 15, 2023",
      "quote_check": "not matched on the source page"
    },
    {
      "label": "Flight design unveiled",
      "value": "16 October 2024",
      "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/release/axiom-space-prada-unveil-spacesuit-design-for-moon-return",
      "quote": "October 16, 2024"
    },
    {
      "label": "Sizing",
      "value": "fits at least 90% of U.S. men and women",
      "source_url": "https://www.nasa.gov/humans-in-space/spacesuit-for-nasas-artemis-iii-moon-surface-mission-debuts/",
      "quote": "90%"
    },
    {
      "label": "EVA duration",
      "value": "Up to 8 hours",
      "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/news/axiom-space-celebrates-national-moon-day-hosts-reddit-ama-on-axemu-spacesuit",
      "quote": "It can support longer duration space walks, up to 8 hours."
    },
    {
      "label": "Cold exposure",
      "value": "At least 2 hours in permanently shadowed regions",
      "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/news/axemu-spacesuit-testing",
      "quote": "It will be able to endure the coldest temperatures, in the permanently shadowed regions, for at least two hours."
    },
    {
      "label": "Crewed pressurised test time (Nov 2025)",
      "value": "Over 700 hours",
      "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/release/axemu-first-uncrewed-thermal-vacuum-test",
      "quote": "has achieved over 700 hours of crewed pressurized time in the spacesuit"
    },
    {
      "label": "Crewed pressurised test time (Feb 2026)",
      "value": "Over 850 hours",
      "source_url": "https://www.nasa.gov/humans-in-space/nasa-moon-mission-spacesuit-nears-milestone/",
      "quote": "over 850 hours of pressurized testing with a person inside the AxEMU"
    },
    {
      "label": "Contractor technical review",
      "value": "Passed a contractor-led technical review (Feb 2026)",
      "source_url": "https://www.nasa.gov/humans-in-space/nasa-moon-mission-spacesuit-nears-milestone/",
      "quote": "continues to advance by passing a contractor-led technical review"
    },
    {
      "label": "Planned suit fleet: qualification suits",
      "value": "Two qualification suits (mobility and life-support focused)",
      "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/news/axiom-space-celebrates-national-moon-day-hosts-reddit-ama-on-axemu-spacesuit",
      "quote": "on contract to build two qualification suits (one focused on mobility and the other focused on life support performance)"
    },
    {
      "label": "Planned suit fleet: flight suits",
      "value": "One ISS demo suit and two Artemis 4 flight suits",
      "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/news/axiom-space-celebrates-national-moon-day-hosts-reddit-ama-on-axemu-spacesuit",
      "quote": "one flight suit for an ISS Demonstration, two flight suits for the Artemis 4 crew"
    },
    {
      "label": "First lunar-surface use",
      "value": "Artemis IV, 2028",
      "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/news/axiom-space-celebrates-national-moon-day-hosts-reddit-ama-on-axemu-spacesuit",
      "quote": "The AxEMU is on track to take its first steps on the Moon in 2028 as part of Artemis IV"
    },
    {
      "label": "In-space test",
      "value": "Planned 2027 on the ISS or Artemis 3",
      "source_url": "https://spacenews.com/axiom-space-plans-2027-flight-test-of-spacesuit/",
      "quote": "test the spacesuit it is developing for Artemis lunar missions in space in 2027"
    },
    {
      "label": "First task order",
      "value": "$228 million, 7 September 2022",
      "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/release/xemu-task-award",
      "quote": "awarded the first task order under its NASA Extravehicular Activity Services (xEVAS) $1.26B Contract"
    },
    {
      "label": "xEVAS contract ceiling",
      "value": "$3.5 billion through 2034 for all task orders",
      "source_url": "https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-partners-with-industry-for-new-spacewalking-moonwalking-services",
      "quote": "combined maximum potential value of $3.5 billion for all task order awards"
    },
    {
      "label": "Prada partnership announced",
      "value": "4 October 2023",
      "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/release/prada-axiom-suit",
      "quote": "HOUSTON/MILAN, Oct. 4, 2023"
    },
    {
      "label": "Oakley partnership announced",
      "value": "11 July 2025",
      "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/release/engineered-for-astronauts-next-gen-visor-system",
      "quote": "FOOTHILL RANCH, Calif., July 11, 2025"
    },
    {
      "label": "LCVG unveiled",
      "value": "7 June 2026",
      "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/release/axiom-space-prada-unveil-inner-layer-of-next-gen-lunar-spacesuit",
      "quote": "NEW YORK CITY, June 7, 2026"
    },
    {
      "label": "xEMU mass estimate (May 2020)",
      "value": "183.6 kg (404.8 lb) for one xEMU",
      "source_url": "https://oig.nasa.gov/docs/IG-21-025.pdf",
      "quote": "In May 2020, one xEMU was estimated to weigh 183.6 kilograms (404.8 pounds)"
    },
    {
      "label": "xEMU mass allocation for HLS",
      "value": "177.1 kg (390.4 lb)",
      "source_url": "https://oig.nasa.gov/docs/IG-21-025.pdf",
      "quote": "decreased the mass allocation for the xEMU by 9.5 kilograms (20.9 pounds) to 177.1 kilograms (390.4 pounds)"
    },
    {
      "label": "xEMU end items and vendors",
      "value": "92 distinct end items from 27 contractors and vendors",
      "source_url": "https://oig.nasa.gov/docs/IG-21-025.pdf",
      "quote": "there are 92 distinct end items that make up the xEMU"
    },
    {
      "label": "xEMU entry (ConOps)",
      "value": "Rear-entry suit",
      "source_url": "https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/20200001071/downloads/20200001071.pdf",
      "quote": "Rear-entry spacesuit"
    },
    {
      "label": "xEMU EVA length (ConOps)",
      "value": "Up to 8 hours (6 +/- 2 hours)",
      "source_url": "https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/20200001071/downloads/20200001071.pdf",
      "quote": "Supports EVAs of up to 8 hours in duration"
    },
    {
      "label": "xEMU planned informatics",
      "value": "Heads-up display type capability planned for a later phase",
      "source_url": "https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/20200001071/downloads/20200001071.pdf",
      "quote": "the xEVA suit will include an informatics system with a heads-up display type of capability"
    }
  ],
  "features": [
    {
      "text": "Builds on NASA's xEMU design with more flexibility and protection",
      "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/axiom-suit",
      "quote": "increased flexibility, greater protection to withstand the harsh environment"
    },
    {
      "text": "Features for the dusty lunar surface",
      "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/axiom-suit",
      "quote": "withstand the dusty environment of the lunar surface"
    },
    {
      "text": "Soft and hard joints",
      "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/axiom-suit",
      "quote": "soft and hard joints for an increased range of motion"
    },
    {
      "text": "Redundant systems and onboard diagnostics",
      "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/release/axiom-space-prada-unveil-spacesuit-design-for-moon-return",
      "quote": "multiple redundant systems and an onboard diagnostic system"
    },
    {
      "text": "Outer layer developed jointly with Prada",
      "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/release/axiom-space-prada-unveil-spacesuit-design-for-moon-return",
      "quote": "The outer-layer design and materials work was jointly developed"
    }
  ],
  "parts": [
    {
      "assembly": "Outer layer",
      "parts": [
        {
          "part": "Outer layer, lunar-surface suit",
          "material": null,
          "form": "fabric cover",
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": null,
          "quote": "a white material that reflects heat and protects astronauts from extreme high temperatures and lunar dust",
          "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/release/axiom-space-prada-unveil-spacesuit-design-for-moon-return",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null
        },
        {
          "part": "Outer layer, display version",
          "material": null,
          "form": "cover",
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": null,
          "quote": "a dark cover layer for display purposes only",
          "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/release/axiom-space-prada-unveil-spacesuit-design-for-moon-return",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "assembly": "Joints",
      "parts": [
        {
          "part": "Mobility joints",
          "material": null,
          "form": "soft and hard joints",
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": null,
          "quote": "soft and hard joints for an increased range of motion",
          "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/axiom-suit",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "assembly": "Portable life support system (PLSS)",
      "parts": [
        {
          "part": "Portable Life Support System (PLSS) backpack (AxEMU)",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": null,
          "quote": "integrate a high-speed 4G/LTE network capability into the Portable Life Support System (PLSS)",
          "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/release/axiom-space-and-nokia-partner-to-enable-high-speed-cellular-network-capabilities-in-next-gen-lunar-spacesuits",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Backpack that carries the suit's life support; Axiom is integrating a 4G/LTE radio module into it",
          "specs": [
            {
              "label": "xEMU design basis: role",
              "value": "xPLSS gives oxygen and removes CO2, odours and humidity",
              "quote": "provides the astronaut with oxygen, and removes carbon dioxide, odors, and humidity that build up inside the suit",
              "source_url": "https://oig.nasa.gov/docs/IG-21-025.pdf"
            },
            {
              "label": "xEMU design basis: mass",
              "value": "xPLSS is the heaviest component of the xEMU",
              "quote": "the xPLSS—the heaviest component of the xEMU",
              "source_url": "https://oig.nasa.gov/docs/IG-21-025.pdf"
            },
            {
              "label": "xEMU design basis: cost and complexity",
              "value": "Most complex and expensive component of the xEMU",
              "quote": "the xPLSS is the most complex and expensive",
              "source_url": "https://oig.nasa.gov/docs/IG-21-025.pdf"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "part": "Oxygen supply (xEMU xPLSS design basis)",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": null,
          "quote": "provides the astronaut with oxygen",
          "source_url": "https://oig.nasa.gov/docs/IG-21-025.pdf",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Gives the astronaut breathing oxygen; xEMU ConOps also lists a secondary oxygen supply worth about an hour",
          "specs": [
            {
              "label": "Secondary oxygen",
              "value": "Additional hour of breathing gas",
              "quote": "Secondary O2 on suit provides an additional hour of breathing gas",
              "source_url": "https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/20200001071/downloads/20200001071.pdf"
            },
            {
              "label": "AxEMU duration",
              "value": "Axiom says longer walks come from more oxygen and in-suit nutrition",
              "quote": "This is accomplished with more oxygen and providing in-suit nutrition to the crew",
              "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/news/axiom-space-celebrates-national-moon-day-hosts-reddit-ama-on-axemu-spacesuit"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "part": "Carbon dioxide, odour and humidity removal (xEMU xPLSS design basis)",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": null,
          "quote": "removes carbon dioxide, odors, and humidity that build up inside the suit",
          "source_url": "https://oig.nasa.gov/docs/IG-21-025.pdf",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Scrubs the circulating oxygen; Axiom says the LCVG's ventilation loop routes gas back through the life-support CO2 scrubber",
          "specs": [
            {
              "label": "AxEMU gas loop",
              "value": "Exhaled CO2 is washed away by oxygen then routed through the CO2 scrubber before recirculation",
              "quote": "The gas then routes back through the life-support system's CO2 scrubber before recirculating oxygen.",
              "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/release/axiom-space-prada-unveil-inner-layer-of-next-gen-lunar-spacesuit"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "part": "Oxygen circulation fan (xEMU xPLSS design basis)",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": null,
          "quote": "incorporating a fan to circulate oxygen",
          "source_url": "https://oig.nasa.gov/docs/IG-21-025.pdf",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Fan that circulates oxygen through the suit and helps hold body temperature"
        },
        {
          "part": "Spacesuit Water Membrane Evaporator (SWME) cooling (xEMU xPLSS design basis)",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": null,
          "quote": "Spacesuit Water Membrane Evaporator (SWME), which provides cooling and ventilation for the xEMU",
          "source_url": "https://oig.nasa.gov/docs/IG-21-025.pdf",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Evaporator that provides cooling and ventilation for the xEMU; a mini-PLSS carrying it was sent to the ISS as the SERFE experiment",
          "specs": [
            {
              "label": "SERFE test",
              "value": "25 simulated spacewalks over a year on the ISS from October 2020",
              "quote": "SERFE will conduct a series of 25 simulated spacewalks over the course of a year",
              "source_url": "https://oig.nasa.gov/docs/IG-21-025.pdf"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "part": "Display and Control Unit (xEMU xPLSS design basis)",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": null,
          "quote": "Display and Control Unit, which the astronauts use to control all critical functions",
          "source_url": "https://oig.nasa.gov/docs/IG-21-025.pdf",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Unit the astronauts use to control all critical suit functions"
        },
        {
          "part": "Caution and Warning System controllers (xEMU xPLSS design basis)",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": null,
          "quote": "update the Caution and Warning System, the avionics that control the critical life support components",
          "source_url": "https://oig.nasa.gov/docs/IG-21-025.pdf",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Avionics boards that control the critical life support components and raise warnings"
        },
        {
          "part": "Suit battery (xEMU design basis)",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": null,
          "quote": "Switch from vehicle power to suit battery power",
          "source_url": "https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/20200001071/downloads/20200001071.pdf",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Powers the suit when it is not on vehicle power; capacity and chemistry not stated"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "assembly": "Pressure garment and joints",
      "parts": [
        {
          "part": "Pressure Garment Assembly with thermal-micrometeoroid cover (AxEMU; xEMU xPGS design basis)",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": null,
          "quote": "covered by a thermal material that insulates the astronaut, prevents heat loss, and protects the astronaut from micrometeoroids",
          "source_url": "https://oig.nasa.gov/docs/IG-21-025.pdf",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Pressure-holding suit body; in the xEMU the xPGS is covered by thermal material that insulates and guards against micrometeoroids",
          "specs": [
            {
              "label": "AxEMU thermal vacuum test",
              "value": "First uncrewed thermal vacuum test of the pressure garment, 20 Nov 2025",
              "quote": "successfully completed the first uncrewed thermal vacuum test of the Axiom Extravehicular Mobility Unit (AxEMU) Pressure Garment",
              "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/release/axemu-first-uncrewed-thermal-vacuum-test"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "part": "Hard Upper Torso (HUT) in several base sizes (AxEMU)",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": null,
          "quote": "With several base HUT sizes, we’ll be able to accommodate 1st to 99th percentile crewmember sizes",
          "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/news/axiom-space-celebrates-national-moon-day-hosts-reddit-ama-on-axemu-spacesuit",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Rigid torso; the macro sizing of the suit follows the HUT, with several base sizes covering 1st to 99th percentile crew",
          "specs": [
            {
              "label": "xEMU mass risk",
              "value": "NASA warned it may revert to heavier proven materials for the xEMU torso without funding for lighter ones",
              "quote": "the Project may have to revert to materials that are historically proven but heavier",
              "source_url": "https://oig.nasa.gov/docs/IG-21-025.pdf"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "part": "Shoulder joints (xEMU xPGS design basis)",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": null,
          "quote": "Hard-Upper Torso, helmet, extravehicular visor assembly, shoulder joints, gloves, and boots",
          "source_url": "https://oig.nasa.gov/docs/IG-21-025.pdf",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Mobility joints of the xEMU pressure garment"
        },
        {
          "part": "Hip and waist joints with highly mobile lower torso (xEMU design basis)",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": "Supplier: Final Frontier Design (NASA xEMU contracts, 2020; not confirmed for AxEMU)",
          "quote": "Final Frontier Design to develop xEMU components, including the boots and hip and waist joints",
          "source_url": "https://oig.nasa.gov/docs/IG-21-025.pdf",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Highly mobile lower torso for walking and kneeling; NASA contracted Final Frontier Design for the hip and waist joints",
          "specs": [
            {
              "label": "Lower torso",
              "value": "Highly mobile lower torso for walking and kneeling",
              "quote": "a highly mobile lower torso for walking and kneeling",
              "source_url": "https://oig.nasa.gov/docs/IG-21-025.pdf"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "part": "Boots with insulating sole for permanently shadowed regions (AxEMU)",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": null,
          "quote": "The boot sole provides the insulation needed to accommodate –250°F temperatures.",
          "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/news/axiom-space-celebrates-national-moon-day-hosts-reddit-ama-on-axemu-spacesuit",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Boot sole insulation sized for about -250 F ground; lunar-specific boots differ from the ISS-demo boot",
          "specs": [
            {
              "label": "xEMU boot vendors",
              "value": "Final Frontier and David Clark both work on the xPGS and boots",
              "quote": "Final Frontier and David Clark are both working on the xPGS and boots",
              "source_url": "https://oig.nasa.gov/docs/IG-21-025.pdf"
            },
            {
              "label": "xEMU lunar boots",
              "value": "ISS Demo and xEMU are the same except for lunar surface boots",
              "quote": "ISS Demo and xEMU capabilities are the same with the exception of specific lunar boots for lunar surface missions",
              "source_url": "https://oig.nasa.gov/docs/IG-21-025.pdf"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "part": "Custom gloves for specialised lunar tools (AxEMU)",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": null,
          "quote": "The new AxEMU custom glove design will enable astronauts to work with specialized tools to accomplish exploration needs and expand scientific opportunities.",
          "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/release/prada-axiom-suit",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Glove design meant for tool work; no heaters or fingertip materials stated",
          "specs": [
            {
              "label": "Glove tests",
              "value": "Villadei test assessed glove dexterity and function with lunar tools",
              "quote": "functionality of the gloves when handling lunar tools",
              "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/news/villadei-axemu"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "part": "Hand-sewn soft goods (AxEMU)",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": null,
          "quote": "The suits are produced in the company’s Soft Goods Lab in Houston",
          "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/news/celebrating-national-sewing-month-in-the-axiom-space-soft-goods-lab",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Fabric parts of the suit are sewn in Axiom's Houston Soft Goods Lab",
          "specs": [
            {
              "label": "Hand stitching",
              "value": "Axiom describes the suits as stitched by hand in Houston",
              "quote": "suits stitched by hand right here in Houston",
              "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/news/celebrating-national-sewing-month-in-the-axiom-space-soft-goods-lab"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "part": "Lunar-dust-tolerant features (AxEMU)",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": null,
          "quote": "It utilizes features to withstand the dusty environment of the lunar surface",
          "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/axiom-suit",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Features that let the suit and its interfaces withstand the dusty lunar surface",
          "specs": [
            {
              "label": "Dust testing",
              "value": "Regolith challenge testing exceeded mission requirements (2025)",
              "quote": "lunar regolith challenge testing demonstrating that the suit exceeds its mission requirements in this area",
              "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/news/axiom-space-next-gen-spacesuit-is-crew-tested-for-first-time-in-nasa-neutral-buoyancy-lab"
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "assembly": "Helmet, visor, lights and camera",
      "parts": [
        {
          "part": "Two-part deployable visor system (AxEMU)",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": "Supplier: Oakley",
          "quote": "Two-part deployable visor that slides and stows seamlessly for adjustable protection",
          "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/release/engineered-for-astronauts-next-gen-visor-system",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Visor that slides and stows for adjustable sun protection; made with Oakley",
          "specs": [
            {
              "label": "Light transmittance",
              "value": "Tuned visible light transmittance for harsh sunlight",
              "quote": "Tuned visible light transmittance to enhance astronaut visibility from harsh sunlight",
              "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/release/engineered-for-astronauts-next-gen-visor-system"
            },
            {
              "label": "Coatings",
              "value": "Multilayer coatings on the inner surface of the visor and secondary bubble",
              "quote": "Multilayer coatings applied on the internal surface of the visor and secondary helmet bubble",
              "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/release/engineered-for-astronauts-next-gen-visor-system"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "part": "Secondary helmet bubble (AxEMU)",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": null,
          "quote": "Secondary helmet bubble protects the astronaut from UV radiation and lunar dust",
          "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/release/engineered-for-astronauts-next-gen-visor-system",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Extra bubble that shields the wearer from UV radiation and lunar dust"
        },
        {
          "part": "Helmet-mounted lights (xEMU design basis)",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": null,
          "quote": "the xEMU helmet illuminates the immediate area around the spacesuit",
          "source_url": "https://oig.nasa.gov/docs/IG-21-025.pdf",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Illuminate the area around the suit; NASA is weighing hand-held, suit-mounted or deployed lights for longer walks",
          "specs": [
            {
              "label": "Light coverage",
              "value": "Primary lights helmet-mounted, supplemented by ancillary lights",
              "quote": "Primary lights are helmet-mounted, but may be supplemented by ancillary lights",
              "source_url": "https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/20200001071/downloads/20200001071.pdf"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "part": "Suit information camera and onboard recorder (xEMU design basis)",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": null,
          "quote": "Still photography is required and may be completed by the integrated xEVA suit info camera",
          "source_url": "https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/20200001071/downloads/20200001071.pdf",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Integrated camera for still photos and video, with recording on the suit if the link to Mission Control is lost",
          "specs": [
            {
              "label": "Recording",
              "value": "Onboard recording of audio and video if signal to Mission Control is lost",
              "quote": "Ability to record communication and video onboard the suit in case of loss of signal with the Mission Control Center (MCC)",
              "source_url": "https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/20200001071/downloads/20200001071.pdf"
            },
            {
              "label": "Video link",
              "value": "AxEMU LTE module targets HD video over multiple kilometres",
              "quote": "supporting HD video, telemetry data and voice transmission over multiple kilometers on the Moon",
              "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/release/axiom-space-and-nokia-partner-to-enable-high-speed-cellular-network-capabilities-in-next-gen-lunar-spacesuits"
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "assembly": "Cooling garment and in-suit supplies",
      "parts": [
        {
          "part": "Liquid Cooling and Ventilation Garment (LCVG) with redundant cooling circuit (AxEMU)",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": "Supplier: Prada (engineered knitting, design and fibre sourcing, with Axiom Space)",
          "quote": "Unlike legacy cooling garments, the Axiom Space LCVG features a fully redundant cooling circuit",
          "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/release/axiom-space-prada-unveil-inner-layer-of-next-gen-lunar-spacesuit",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Undergarment with tubes carrying cold water across major muscle groups and a separate oxygen loop to the face",
          "specs": [
            {
              "label": "Water loop",
              "value": "Cold water through tubes over the major muscle groups carries heat to the PLSS",
              "quote": "circulates cold water through a network of tubes routed across the body's major muscle groups",
              "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/release/axiom-space-prada-unveil-inner-layer-of-next-gen-lunar-spacesuit"
            },
            {
              "label": "Ventilation loop",
              "value": "Separate tube loop delivers oxygen across the face to wash away exhaled CO2",
              "quote": "with a separate loop of tubes delivering fresh oxygen across an astronaut's face",
              "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/release/axiom-space-prada-unveil-inner-layer-of-next-gen-lunar-spacesuit"
            },
            {
              "label": "EVA length",
              "value": "Comfort during up to eight-hour spacewalks",
              "quote": "enhancing comfort during up to eight-hour spacewalks",
              "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/release/axiom-space-prada-unveil-inner-layer-of-next-gen-lunar-spacesuit"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "part": "In-suit nutrition system (AxEMU)",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": "Supplier: GU Energy Labs",
          "quote": "has partnered with GU Energy Labs to develop an advanced in-suit nutrition system for astronauts",
          "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/news/gu",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Hands-free energy gel delivery inside the suit"
        },
        {
          "part": "Waste management provisions (xEMU ISS Demo design basis)",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": null,
          "quote": "The ISS Demo suit will test key technologies such as ventilation, thermal regulation, power, system controls, garment cooling, and waste management.",
          "source_url": "https://oig.nasa.gov/docs/IG-21-025.pdf",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Waste handling in the ISS Demo suit, which shares capabilities with the xEMU",
          "specs": [
            {
              "label": "Shared capability",
              "value": "ISS Demo and xEMU have the same capabilities apart from lunar boots",
              "quote": "ISS Demo and xEMU capabilities are the same with the exception of specific lunar boots",
              "source_url": "https://oig.nasa.gov/docs/IG-21-025.pdf"
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "assembly": "Communications, displays and avionics",
      "parts": [
        {
          "part": "Nokia 4G/LTE cellular device modules (AxEMU)",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": "Supplier: Nokia",
          "quote": "device modules that will be integrated into the AxEMU spacesuits",
          "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/release/axiom-space-and-nokia-partner-to-enable-high-speed-cellular-network-capabilities-in-next-gen-lunar-spacesuits",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Radio modules for voice, telemetry and HD video over cellular links on the Moon",
          "specs": [
            {
              "label": "Funding",
              "value": "NASA awarded Axiom $57.5 million for the 4G/LTE modification",
              "quote": "Axiom Space was recently awarded $57.5 million from NASA to make this 4G/LTE network modification",
              "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/release/axiom-space-and-nokia-partner-to-enable-high-speed-cellular-network-capabilities-in-next-gen-lunar-spacesuits"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "part": "Exploration Informatics Subsystem (xINFO) avionics (xEMU design basis)",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": null,
          "quote": "including high-definition video, worksite illumination, high-rate suit data recording",
          "source_url": "https://oig.nasa.gov/docs/IG-21-025.pdf",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Suit avionics for crew autonomy: HD video, worksite lighting, data recording, antenna and harnesses",
          "specs": [
            {
              "label": "Antenna and harnesses",
              "value": "Includes antenna transmission and electrical harness connections",
              "quote": "associated antenna transmission and connection via electrical harnesses",
              "source_url": "https://oig.nasa.gov/docs/IG-21-025.pdf"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "part": "Space-to-Space Exploration EMU Radio (xEMU design basis)",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": null,
          "quote": "Space-to-Space Exploration EMU Radio",
          "source_url": "https://oig.nasa.gov/docs/IG-21-025.pdf",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Suit radio; a function was added so non-critical avionics failures cannot cause critical communications failures",
          "specs": [
            {
              "label": "Fault isolation",
              "value": "Radio updated so avionics faults do not take down communications",
              "quote": "to ensure any non-critical failures from the xEMU avionics system will not lead to critical failures on the communications system",
              "source_url": "https://oig.nasa.gov/docs/IG-21-025.pdf"
            },
            {
              "label": "Range",
              "value": "xEMU communication range 500 m for early Artemis, with 2,000 m under study",
              "quote": "the communication range capability for the xEMU will be 500 meters",
              "source_url": "https://oig.nasa.gov/docs/IG-21-025.pdf"
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "assembly": "Vehicle, lander and surface interfaces",
      "parts": [
        {
          "part": "Vehicle Interface to Suit Equipment (VISE) (xEMU design basis)",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": null,
          "quote": "The VISE connects the xEMU to vehicle fluids, power, suit/crew stabilization, data, and communications.",
          "source_url": "https://oig.nasa.gov/docs/IG-21-025.pdf",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Wall-mounted rack that connects the suit to vehicle fluids, power, data and communications; separate units for ISS and HLS",
          "specs": [
            {
              "label": "Mass",
              "value": "Estimate 106.0 kg against a 94.9 kg allocation (Feb 2021)",
              "quote": "the current mass estimate for the VISE is 106.0 kilograms (233.7 pounds)",
              "source_url": "https://oig.nasa.gov/docs/IG-21-025.pdf"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "part": "Vehicle Loop Mode umbilicals (xEMU design basis)",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": null,
          "quote": "install closed-loop umbilical(s) between the Exploration Pressure Garment System (xPGS) and host vehicle for power, data, ventilation, and thermal control",
          "source_url": "https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/20200001071/downloads/20200001071.pdf",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "With the PLSS removed, umbilicals feed power, data, ventilation and thermal control from the host vehicle during descent and ascent",
          "specs": [
            {
              "label": "Duration",
              "value": "xEMU certified for 12 continuous hours in Vehicle Loop Mode",
              "quote": "xEMU certified for 12 continuous hrs in VLM",
              "source_url": "https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/20200001071/downloads/20200001071.pdf"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "part": "Exploration Servicing, Performance and Checkout Equipment (xSPCE) (xEMU design basis)",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": null,
          "quote": "Exploration Servicing, Performance and Checkout Equipment (xSPCE)",
          "source_url": "https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/20200001071/downloads/20200001071.pdf",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Lander-side support equipment used to check out oxygen, battery, cooling and comms of the suits",
          "specs": [
            {
              "label": "Checkout",
              "value": "Suit oxygen, battery, cooling, comm and umbilical power checked in the lander",
              "quote": "Checkout xEMU and xSPCE (e.g., O2, battery, cooling, comm, umbilical power, etc.) in HLS",
              "source_url": "https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/20200001071/downloads/20200001071.pdf"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "part": "Don Doff Frame in the HLS airlock (AxEMU test)",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": null,
          "quote": "Villadei used the Don Doff Frame (DDF) in the Human Landing System Airlock to get in and out of the AxEMU",
          "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/news/villadei-axemu",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Frame used to get into and out of the suit inside the lander airlock"
        },
        {
          "part": "Tool Boggan sled with tether mounts (AxEMU test)",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": null,
          "quote": "a sled-like platform designed to mount tools with tethers",
          "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/news/villadei-axemu",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Sled-like platform that carries tools on tethers and could serve as a rescue device",
          "specs": [
            {
              "label": "Rescue role",
              "value": "Potential rescue device for crewmembers",
              "quote": "serves as a potential rescue device for crewmembers in the event of an emergency",
              "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/news/villadei-axemu"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "part": "Lunar sample tool set: sample bag dispenser, bags, scoop, hammer and easel (AxEMU test)",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": null,
          "quote": "The tools tested included a sample bag dispenser, sample bags, a scoop, a hammer, and an easel.",
          "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/news/villadei-axemu",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Tools stowed on and used with the suit for geology work"
        },
        {
          "part": "xEVA tools and support equipment: handrails, walking aids, rake, scoop, wrench, drill, scissors, dust-mitigation kit (xEMU design basis)",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": null,
          "quote": "tools include equipment used for physical support (handrails and walking aids)",
          "source_url": "https://oig.nasa.gov/docs/IG-21-025.pdf",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "NASA's tool set for physical support, geology, construction and dust control that goes with the xEMU",
          "specs": [
            {
              "label": "Geology tools",
              "value": "Rake, sample collection bags and scoop",
              "quote": "general lunar geology tasks (rake, sample collection bags, and scoop)",
              "source_url": "https://oig.nasa.gov/docs/IG-21-025.pdf"
            },
            {
              "label": "Construction tools",
              "value": "Wrench, drill and scissors",
              "quote": "construction activities (wrench, drill, and scissors)",
              "source_url": "https://oig.nasa.gov/docs/IG-21-025.pdf"
            },
            {
              "label": "Other gear",
              "value": "Dust mitigation tool kit and the U.S. flag",
              "quote": "other gear (dust mitigation tool kit and the U.S. flag)",
              "source_url": "https://oig.nasa.gov/docs/IG-21-025.pdf"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "part": "Suit and crew interfaces on Astrolab's FLEX rover (AxEMU)",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": "Supplier: Astrolab (rover); Axiom Space (interfaces)",
          "quote": "designing EVA centric components of the rover, such as vehicle interfaces for both crew and spacesuits",
          "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/release/astrolab-lunar",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Axiom designs the EVA-centred parts of the FLEX rover: crew and spacesuit interfaces and tool containers"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "materials": [],
  "standards": [],
  "relations": [
    {
      "type": "built_on",
      "target": "Exploration Extravehicular Mobility Unit (xEMU)",
      "target_slug": null,
      "note": "AxEMU builds on NASA's xEMU design and data",
      "quote": "Building off NASA’s Exploration Extravehicular Mobility Unit (xEMU) spacesuit design",
      "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/axiom-suit"
    },
    {
      "type": "heritage_of",
      "target": "NASA Extravehicular Mobility Unit (ISS EMU)",
      "target_slug": "nasa-iss-emu-spacesuit",
      "note": "Indirect, via xEMU: NASA built the xEMU to advance the technologies of the current EMU",
      "quote": "advance the technologies of the current extravehicular spacesuit developed by NASA and ILC Dover in 1990",
      "source_url": "https://oig.nasa.gov/docs/IG-21-025.pdf"
    },
    {
      "type": "operated_by",
      "target": "NASA Artemis programme",
      "target_slug": null,
      "note": "NASA Artemis astronauts are to wear the suits",
      "quote": "Artemis astronauts will use these new spacesuits, along with advanced landers and rovers",
      "source_url": "https://www.nasa.gov/humans-in-space/nasa-moon-mission-spacesuit-nears-milestone/"
    },
    {
      "type": "launched_on",
      "target": "SpaceX Starship (Human Landing System)",
      "target_slug": "spacex-starship",
      "note": "Planned lunar-lander ride; suit-lander integration tested on Starship development hardware; not flown. 2026 plans move the first lunar landing to Artemis IV",
      "quote": "to demonstrate how the suits would integrate with the Starship lunar lander and other elements of the Artemis 3 mission",
      "source_url": "https://spacenews.com/collins-aerospace-pulls-back-from-nasa-spacesuit-contract/"
    },
    {
      "type": "supplied_by",
      "target": "Prada",
      "target_slug": null,
      "note": "Outer layer (2024) and the liquid cooling and ventilation garment (2026), designed with Axiom",
      "quote": "Axiom Space and Prada unveiled the Liquid Cooling and Ventilation Garment (LCVG)",
      "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/release/axiom-space-prada-unveil-inner-layer-of-next-gen-lunar-spacesuit"
    },
    {
      "type": "supplied_by",
      "target": "Oakley (EssilorLuxottica)",
      "target_slug": null,
      "note": "Visor system and secondary bubble optics",
      "quote": "Axiom Space and Oakley are partnering on the visor system for the Axiom Extravehicular Mobility Unit (AxEMU).",
      "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/release/engineered-for-astronauts-next-gen-visor-system"
    },
    {
      "type": "supplied_by",
      "target": "Nokia (Bell Labs)",
      "target_slug": null,
      "note": "4G/LTE device modules for the PLSS",
      "quote": "Nokia and Axiom Space will incorporate high-speed cellular-network capabilities in the Axiom Extravehicular Mobility Unit (AxEMU)",
      "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/release/axiom-space-and-nokia-partner-to-enable-high-speed-cellular-network-capabilities-in-next-gen-lunar-spacesuits"
    },
    {
      "type": "supplied_by",
      "target": "GU Energy Labs",
      "target_slug": null,
      "note": "In-suit nutrition system",
      "quote": "has partnered with GU Energy Labs to develop an advanced in-suit nutrition system for astronauts",
      "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/news/gu"
    },
    {
      "type": "supplied_by",
      "target": "KBR",
      "target_slug": null,
      "note": "Named industry team member on the Axiom xEVAS contract; role not stated",
      "quote": "including KBR, Air-Lock, David Clark Company, Paragon Space Development Corporation, Sophic Synergistics, and A-P-T Research",
      "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/release/axiom-space-spacesuits"
    },
    {
      "type": "supplied_by",
      "target": "Air-Lock",
      "target_slug": null,
      "note": "Named industry team member on the Axiom xEVAS contract; role not stated",
      "quote": "including KBR, Air-Lock, David Clark Company, Paragon Space Development Corporation, Sophic Synergistics, and A-P-T Research",
      "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/release/axiom-space-spacesuits"
    },
    {
      "type": "supplied_by",
      "target": "Paragon Space Development Corporation",
      "target_slug": null,
      "note": "Named industry team member on the Axiom xEVAS contract; role not stated",
      "quote": "including KBR, Air-Lock, David Clark Company, Paragon Space Development Corporation, Sophic Synergistics, and A-P-T Research",
      "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/release/axiom-space-spacesuits"
    },
    {
      "type": "supplied_by",
      "target": "Sophic Synergistics",
      "target_slug": null,
      "note": "Named industry team member on the Axiom xEVAS contract; role not stated",
      "quote": "including KBR, Air-Lock, David Clark Company, Paragon Space Development Corporation, Sophic Synergistics, and A-P-T Research",
      "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/release/axiom-space-spacesuits"
    },
    {
      "type": "supplied_by",
      "target": "A-P-T Research",
      "target_slug": null,
      "note": "Named industry team member on the Axiom xEVAS contract; role not stated",
      "quote": "including KBR, Air-Lock, David Clark Company, Paragon Space Development Corporation, Sophic Synergistics, and A-P-T Research",
      "source_url": "https://www.axiomspace.com/release/axiom-space-spacesuits"
    },
    {
      "type": "supplied_by",
      "target": "David Clark Company",
      "target_slug": null,
      "note": "NASA xEMU xPGS and boots work; also an Axiom xEVAS team member, role for AxEMU not stated",
      "quote": "Final Frontier and David Clark are both working on the xPGS and boots",
      "source_url": "https://oig.nasa.gov/docs/IG-21-025.pdf"
    },
    {
      "type": "supplied_by",
      "target": "Final Frontier Design",
      "target_slug": null,
      "note": "NASA xEMU boots and hip and waist joints (2020 contracts); not confirmed for AxEMU",
      "quote": "Final Frontier Design to develop xEMU components, including the boots and hip and waist joints",
      "source_url": "https://oig.nasa.gov/docs/IG-21-025.pdf"
    }
  ],
  "not_published": "No specific materials, layers, mass, pressure or EVA duration found on Axiom (axiomspace.com), NASA or Prada pages read. Space.com article text could not be read in full. Collins Aerospace not covered. Photos not included. More detail: No AxEMU materials, layer stack, mass, operating pressure or battery data are public: Axiom and NASA pages name no fabrics, metals or cell chemistry, and Prada's 'specialized fibers' are not identified. Rows tagged 'xEMU design basis' come from NASA's 2021 OIG report IG-21-025 and the 2020 xEVA concept-of-operations slides and describe NASA's xEMU, which the AxEMU builds on; whether each detail carries over to the AxEMU is not stated, so treat them as design basis, not as confirmed AxEMU hardware. The per-component vendor chart in the OIG report (Figure 9) is an image, so only the vendors named in its text (Final Frontier Design, David Clark) are used; the 27 xEMU contractors and any AxEMU subcontractor roles (KBR, Air-Lock, Paragon, Sophic Synergistics, A-P-T Research, Arrow) are not published. Collins Aerospace is not an AxEMU supplier: it was an xEVAS awardee for the ISS suit and left that work in June 2024 (SpaceNews). Mission timing changed: older Axiom pages say Artemis III lunar landing, while Axiom's 2026 pages and Q&A say the first lunar-surface use is Artemis IV in 2028 and a 2027 flight test is planned on the ISS or Artemis 3; the Starship relation is therefore a planned lander ride only. No source ties the AxEMU lineage to the Apollo A7L, and NASA's xEVA concept of operations says the suits launch separately from the Orion crew on a cargo vehicle, Gateway module or lander, so no Orion relation is given. Not read: the New York Times June 2026 article (403), NASA's 2019 xEMU feature (old URL gone), the full Reddit AMA, and NASA technical papers on the xPLSS and pressure garment (none located before the shared web-search budget ran out). No source states glove heaters, a restraint or bladder layer, a helmet shell material or a drink bag for the AxEMU.",
  "depth": "partial",
  "photos": [
    {
      "file": "products/context/axiom-axemu-spacesuit-1.jpg",
      "alt": "NASA astronauts in AxEMU suits in the Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory pool deck, suits hanging in a frame with EV-1/EV-2 tags",
      "long": "NASA astronauts in AxEMU suits in the Neutral Buoyancy Laboratory pool deck, suits hanging in a frame with EV-1/EV-2 tags (first dual suit run)",
      "kind": "product",
      "credit": "NASA Johnson Space Center / NASA/James Blair (public domain, via Wikimedia Commons)",
      "license": "Public domain",
      "page_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:NASA_Astronauts_Complete_First_Dual_Suit_Run_Wearing_AxEMU_(jsc2025e077436).jpg"
    },
    {
      "file": "products/context/axiom-axemu-spacesuit-2.jpg",
      "alt": "AxEMU suit worn underwater in the NBL, kneeling by a rock, with scuba support divers",
      "long": "AxEMU suit worn underwater in the NBL, kneeling by a rock, with scuba support divers",
      "kind": "product",
      "credit": "NASA Johnson Space Center / NASA (public domain, via Wikimedia Commons)",
      "license": "Public domain",
      "page_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:NASA_Astronauts_Complete_First_Dual_Suit_Run_Wearing_AxEMU_(jsc2025e077725).jpg"
    },
    {
      "file": "products/context/axiom-axemu-spacesuit-3.jpg",
      "alt": "Artemis III lunar spacesuit (AxEMU) test in a sand and rock test bed at JSC, suited person using a tool with a suspension",
      "long": "Artemis III lunar spacesuit (AxEMU) test in a sand and rock test bed at JSC, suited person using a tool with a suspension rig overhead",
      "kind": "product",
      "credit": "NASA Johnson Space Center / NASA/Bill Stafford (public domain, via Wikimedia Commons)",
      "license": "Public domain",
      "page_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Artemis_III_Lunar_Spacesuit_Testing_(jsc2026e003928).jpg"
    }
  ],
  "context": {
    "size": [],
    "mass": [],
    "orbit": [
      "Deep space"
    ]
  },
  "licence": "Product data CC BY 4.0, cite Space Mushroom. Photos keep their own licences, given per photo.",
  "mcp": "https://spacemushroom.com/mcp"
}