{
  "id": "arquimea-satellite-thermal-blankets",
  "title": "Arquimea satellite thermal blankets",
  "maker": "Arquimea",
  "maker_type": "Commercial",
  "kind": "component",
  "category": "thermal",
  "page": "https://spacemushroom.com/space-products/arquimea-satellite-thermal-blankets/",
  "website": "https://arquimea.com/products/thermal-blankets-satellite-space",
  "summary": "Multi-layer insulation thermal blankets for satellites, with a listed materials palette.",
  "application": "Multi-layer insulation blankets that protect satellite electronics and propulsion parts from extreme temperature swings. They are designed in CAD, made in cleanrooms and cover cold, hot and cryogenic ranges, so a spacecraft thermal engineer can pick a blanket type for each part.",
  "story": {
    "headline": "Arquimea makes insulating blankets that protect satellite electronics and propulsion parts from extreme heat and cold.",
    "intro": [
      "Arquimea makes thermal blankets for satellites. They are multi-layer insulation, usually shortened to MLI, and they protect electronics and propulsion parts from large swings in temperature. A typical blanket works from -150 to +150 °C. Cryogenic versions go down to 20 kelvin, and high-temperature ones up to +450 °C.",
      "Arquimea works from a palette of materials, not one fixed recipe. Its blankets can use Kapton, Upilex, Mylar, FEP (Teflon), Dacron, Beta Cloth and Nextel, with glass-fibre yarns for spacing and sewing, and Velcro for fixing. Blankets are designed in CAD, or by fitting them to the real hardware, and made in cleanrooms."
    ],
    "built": [
      {
        "title": "Blanket types",
        "text": "Standard plastic blankets are built from plastic films, and sewn versions have a fabric-coated cover. Internal blankets wrap electronic units and propulsion parts, while external blankets face space with Kapton, Beta Cloth or coated Teflon outside. Single-layer insulation, or SLI, is sold alongside them.",
        "parts": [
          "Standard plastic MLI",
          "Sewn fabric-coated MLI",
          "Internal MLI for electronic units and propulsion components",
          "External MLI (Kapton, Beta Cloth or coated Teflon outer covers)",
          "SLI (single-layer insulation)"
        ]
      },
      {
        "title": "Extreme and test versions",
        "text": "High-temperature blankets reach +450 °C, and cryogenic ones work down to 20 kelvin. Test blankets are made for thermal tests on the ground. Titanium plume impingement shields protect blankets from thruster plumes.",
        "parts": [
          "High-temperature MLI",
          "Cryogenic blankets",
          "Test MLI",
          "Plume impingement shield"
        ]
      },
      {
        "title": "Fixings and yarns",
        "text": "Glass-fibre yarns are used as spacers and as sewing thread. Velcro and Vespel SP1 stand-offs fix the blankets in place. For the outer surface, Arquimea names coating options such as germanium and Beta Cloth.",
        "parts": [
          "Spacer and sewing yarns",
          "Fixation, hook-and-loop",
          "Fixation stand-offs",
          "Specific external coating"
        ]
      },
      {
        "title": "Design and cleanrooms",
        "text": "Blanket patterns are drawn in 3D and 2D CAD, using Catia, or worked out by fitting a blanket to the real hardware. Blankets are made in ISO 8 and ISO 5 cleanrooms, and Arquimea says it works to ESA, NASA and MIL quality standards.",
        "parts": [
          "3D and 2D CAD design (Catia V4/V5) and fit-check approach"
        ]
      }
    ],
    "materials": [
      {
        "name": "Kapton",
        "mid": "pi-kapton-hn",
        "where": "One of the named films, and an outer cover for external blankets."
      },
      {
        "name": "Beta Cloth",
        "mid": "beta-cloth",
        "where": "An outer cover for external blankets, and one of the named options for the outer coating."
      },
      {
        "name": "Glass fibre",
        "mid": "e-glass",
        "where": "Yarns used as spacers and as sewing thread."
      },
      {
        "name": "Vespel SP1",
        "mid": "vespel-sp1",
        "where": "Stand-offs that fix the blankets in place."
      },
      {
        "name": "Velcro",
        "mid": "velcro",
        "where": "Hook-and-loop fixings."
      },
      {
        "name": "Titanium",
        "mid": "titanium",
        "where": "The plume impingement shields that protect blankets from thruster plumes."
      }
    ],
    "connections": "Arquimea says its blankets are on 39 missions in orbit, with 20 more waiting to launch. It made and integrated all the MLI blankets on the platform of ESA's Cheops satellite, launched in 2019. It supplied blankets for the Italian Space Agency's Agile gamma-ray mission in 2007, and made single-layer cryogenic sheaths for the James Webb Space Telescope's NIRSpec instrument. Its page also names Galileo, Sentinel 2A and Sentinel 3A.",
    "unknown": "Arquimea doesn't publish how many layers a blanket has, how thick the films are, or whether they are coated with aluminium. Weight per area, insulation performance and the material of each layer aren't given either. Standards are named only in general terms, and the brochure sits behind a contact form.",
    "facts": [
      {
        "label": "Typical temperature range",
        "value": "-150 to +150 C"
      },
      {
        "label": "Cryogenic range",
        "value": "down to 20 K"
      },
      {
        "label": "High-temperature range",
        "value": "up to +450 C"
      },
      {
        "label": "Flight heritage",
        "value": "39 missions in orbit, 20 awaiting launch"
      },
      {
        "label": "Cleanrooms",
        "value": "ISO 8 (Class 100000) and ISO 5 (Class 100)"
      },
      {
        "label": "Quality standards",
        "value": "ESA, NASA, MIL"
      }
    ]
  },
  "specifications": [
    {
      "label": "Typical temperature range",
      "value": "-150 to +150 C",
      "source_url": "https://arquimea.com/products/thermal-blankets-satellite-space",
      "quote": "Typical T (-150°/+150°C)"
    },
    {
      "label": "Cryogenic range",
      "value": "down to 20 K",
      "source_url": "https://arquimea.com/products/thermal-blankets-satellite-space",
      "quote": "Cryogenic (up to 20K)"
    },
    {
      "label": "High temperature range",
      "value": "up to +450 C",
      "source_url": "https://arquimea.com/products/thermal-blankets-satellite-space",
      "quote": "High T. (up to +450ºC)"
    },
    {
      "label": "Cleanroom manufacturing",
      "value": "ISO 8 (Class 100000) and ISO 5 (Class 100)",
      "source_url": "https://arquimea.com/products/thermal-blankets-satellite-space",
      "quote": "100000 Class (ISO 8) and 100 Class (ISO 5) clean room"
    },
    {
      "label": "Quality standards",
      "value": "ESA, NASA, MIL",
      "source_url": "https://arquimea.com/products/thermal-blankets-satellite-space",
      "quote": "(ESA, NASA, MIL)"
    },
    {
      "label": "Flight heritage",
      "value": "39 missions in orbit, 20 awaiting launch",
      "source_url": "https://arquimea.com/products/thermal-blankets-satellite-space",
      "quote": "39 missions in orbit"
    },
    {
      "label": "Thermal portfolio, missions launched",
      "value": "90 missions, 2200 units launched, 1000 units in progress (all thermal products)",
      "source_url": "https://www.arquimea.com/sectors/space/thermal-structures-systems-hardware",
      "quote": "90 Missions launched. 2200 Units launched. 1000 Units in Progress."
    },
    {
      "label": "Space missions participated in (company-wide)",
      "value": "over 190",
      "source_url": "https://www.arquimea.com/sectors/space",
      "quote": "We have participated in over 190 space missions and collaborated with more than 200 customers."
    },
    {
      "label": "Copernicus presence",
      "value": "19 Copernicus missions, about 20 satellites and instruments (all hardware types)",
      "source_url": "https://www.arquimea.com/sectors/space",
      "quote": "ARQUIMEA is present in 19 Copernicus missions"
    },
    {
      "label": "Blanket flight heritage (product page)",
      "value": "39 missions in orbit, 20 waiting to be launched",
      "source_url": "https://arquimea.com/products/thermal-blankets-satellite-space",
      "quote": "39 missions in orbit"
    },
    {
      "label": "Heritage years named",
      "value": "Agile 2007, Sentinel 3A 2016, Cheops 2019, JWST 2022",
      "source_url": "https://www.arquimea.com/sectors/space",
      "quote": "Launch of the Cheops space telescope with our thermal blankets"
    }
  ],
  "features": [
    {
      "text": "Designed with CAD (Catia V4/V5) and/or fit-check approach",
      "source_url": "https://arquimea.com/products/thermal-blankets-satellite-space",
      "quote": "performed using CAD techniques (i.e. Catia V4/V5) and/or fit-check approach"
    },
    {
      "text": "Internal MLI for electronic units and propulsion components; external MLI",
      "source_url": "https://arquimea.com/products/thermal-blankets-satellite-space",
      "quote": "internal MLI (for electronic units, propulsion components, etc)"
    },
    {
      "text": "Plume impingement shielding with titanium shields",
      "source_url": "https://arquimea.com/products/thermal-blankets-satellite-space",
      "quote": "plume impingement shielding (titanium shields)"
    },
    {
      "text": "Standard plastic MLI, sewn fabric coated MLI, SLI, high temperature MLI and test MLI",
      "source_url": "https://arquimea.com/products/thermal-blankets-satellite-space",
      "quote": "Standard plastic MLI and Sewn Fabric coated MLI; External and internal MLI; SLI; High Temperature MLI"
    },
    {
      "text": "Built for long-term durability from cryogenic to high temperatures",
      "source_url": "https://arquimea.com/products/thermal-blankets-satellite-space",
      "quote": "built for long-term durability and extreme thermal requirements"
    },
    {
      "text": "Used on Agile, Galileo, Sentinel 2A, JWST, Cheops",
      "source_url": "https://arquimea.com/products/thermal-blankets-satellite-space",
      "quote": "Agile, Galileo, Sentinel 2A, JWST, Cheops"
    }
  ],
  "parts": [
    {
      "assembly": "Blanket materials (page lists a palette; per-layer mapping not given)",
      "parts": [
        {
          "part": "MLI layers and covers, material palette",
          "material": "Kapton, Upilex, Mylar, FEP (Teflon), Dacron, Beta Cloth, Nextel (stated generically as a list)",
          "form": "film/fabric",
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": null,
          "quote": "Our materials are Kapton®, Upilex®, Mylar®, FEP(Teflon)®, Dacron®, Beta Cloth®, Nextel®, Glass fiber (spacer and sewing yarns) and Velcro, Vespel SP1 stand-off for fixations.",
          "source_url": "https://arquimea.com/products/thermal-blankets-satellite-space",
          "profile": "pi-kapton-hn",
          "mid": "pi-kapton-hn"
        },
        {
          "part": "External MLI outer layers",
          "material": "Kapton, Beta Cloth, Coated Teflon (examples given)",
          "form": "film/fabric",
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": null,
          "quote": "external MLI (with Kapton@, Beta Cloth@, Coated Teflon@, etc)",
          "source_url": "https://arquimea.com/products/thermal-blankets-satellite-space",
          "profile": "pi-kapton-hn",
          "mid": "pi-kapton-hn"
        },
        {
          "part": "Spacer and sewing yarns",
          "material": "Glass fiber",
          "form": "yarn",
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": null,
          "quote": "Glass fiber (spacer and sewing yarns)",
          "source_url": "https://arquimea.com/products/thermal-blankets-satellite-space",
          "profile": "e-glass",
          "mid": "e-glass"
        },
        {
          "part": "Fixation, hook-and-loop",
          "material": "Velcro",
          "form": "fastener",
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": null,
          "quote": "Glass fiber (spacer and sewing yarns) and Velcro",
          "source_url": "https://arquimea.com/products/thermal-blankets-satellite-space",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": "velcro"
        },
        {
          "part": "Fixation stand-offs",
          "material": "Vespel SP1",
          "form": "stand-off",
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": null,
          "quote": "Vespel SP1 stand-off for fixations",
          "source_url": "https://arquimea.com/products/thermal-blankets-satellite-space",
          "profile": "vespel-sp1",
          "mid": "vespel-sp1"
        },
        {
          "part": "Plume impingement shielding",
          "material": "titanium (stated generically)",
          "form": "shield",
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": null,
          "quote": "plume impingement shielding (titanium shields)",
          "source_url": "https://arquimea.com/products/thermal-blankets-satellite-space",
          "profile": "titanium",
          "mid": "titanium"
        },
        {
          "part": "Specific external coating",
          "material": "Germanium, Beta Cloth, ITO (options)",
          "form": "coating",
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": null,
          "quote": "Specific external coating (Germanium, Beta Cloth, ITO)",
          "source_url": "https://arquimea.com/products/thermal-blankets-satellite-space",
          "profile": "beta-cloth",
          "mid": "beta-cloth"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "assembly": "Blanket types",
      "parts": [
        {
          "part": "Standard plastic MLI",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": "Supplier: ARQUIMEA",
          "quote": "Standard plastic MLI and Sewn Fabric coated MLI",
          "source_url": "https://arquimea.com/products/thermal-blankets-satellite-space",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Multilayer insulation built from plastic films"
        },
        {
          "part": "Sewn fabric-coated MLI",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": "Supplier: ARQUIMEA",
          "quote": "Standard plastic MLI and Sewn Fabric coated MLI",
          "source_url": "https://arquimea.com/products/thermal-blankets-satellite-space",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Multilayer insulation with a sewn fabric-coated cover"
        },
        {
          "part": "Internal MLI for electronic units and propulsion components",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": "Supplier: ARQUIMEA",
          "quote": "internal MLI (for electronic units, propulsion components, etc)",
          "source_url": "https://arquimea.com/products/thermal-blankets-satellite-space",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Blankets inside the spacecraft around units and propulsion hardware"
        },
        {
          "part": "External MLI (Kapton, Beta Cloth or coated Teflon outer covers)",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": "Supplier: ARQUIMEA",
          "quote": "external MLI (with Kapton@, Beta Cloth@, Coated Teflon@, etc)",
          "source_url": "https://arquimea.com/products/thermal-blankets-satellite-space",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Outer blankets exposed to the space environment"
        },
        {
          "part": "SLI (single-layer insulation)",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": "Supplier: ARQUIMEA",
          "quote": "SLI; High Temperature MLI",
          "source_url": "https://arquimea.com/products/thermal-blankets-satellite-space",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Listed beside the MLI types; the JWST item describes single-layer cryogenic insulating sheaths"
        },
        {
          "part": "High-temperature MLI",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": "Supplier: ARQUIMEA",
          "quote": "SLI; High Temperature MLI",
          "source_url": "https://arquimea.com/products/thermal-blankets-satellite-space",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Blankets for hot units; the product range reaches +450 C",
          "specs": [
            {
              "label": "Upper temperature",
              "value": "up to +450 C",
              "quote": "High T. (up to +450ºC)",
              "source_url": "https://arquimea.com/products/thermal-blankets-satellite-space"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "part": "Test MLI",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": "Supplier: ARQUIMEA",
          "quote": "Test MLI",
          "source_url": "https://arquimea.com/products/thermal-blankets-satellite-space",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Blankets for thermal tests on the ground"
        },
        {
          "part": "Plume impingement shield",
          "material": "Titanium (grade not stated)",
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": "Supplier: ARQUIMEA",
          "quote": "plume impingement shielding (titanium shields)",
          "source_url": "https://arquimea.com/products/thermal-blankets-satellite-space",
          "profile": "titanium",
          "mid": "titanium",
          "function": "Titanium shields that protect blankets from thruster plumes"
        },
        {
          "part": "Cryogenic blankets",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": "Supplier: ARQUIMEA",
          "quote": "Cryogenic (up to 20K)",
          "source_url": "https://arquimea.com/products/thermal-blankets-satellite-space",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Blankets rated down to 20 K",
          "specs": [
            {
              "label": "Typical range",
              "value": "-150 C to +150 C",
              "quote": "Typical T (-150°/+150°C)",
              "source_url": "https://arquimea.com/products/thermal-blankets-satellite-space"
            }
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "assembly": "Flight hardware named by the maker",
      "parts": [
        {
          "part": "Cheops platform blanket set (all MLI of the platform)",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": "Supplier: ARQUIMEA",
          "quote": "fabrication and integration of all the MLI (Multilayer Insulation Films) or thermal blankets of the platform",
          "source_url": "https://www.arquimea.com/sectors/space",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Every MLI blanket that covers the Cheops satellite to reduce radiative heat loss"
        },
        {
          "part": "JWST NIRSpec single-layer cryogenic insulating sheaths",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": "Supplier: ARQUIMEA",
          "quote": "manufacturing single-layer cryogenic insulating sheaths that are part of the thermal control system of the near-infrared spectrograph",
          "source_url": "https://www.arquimea.com/sectors/space",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Sheaths in the thermal control system of the near-infrared spectrograph"
        },
        {
          "part": "Agile thermal blankets",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": "Supplier: ARQUIMEA",
          "quote": "In 2007, we provided our thermal blankets to the Italian space agency for the Agile mission",
          "source_url": "https://www.arquimea.com/sectors/space",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Blankets delivered to the Italian space agency for the Agile gamma-ray mission, 2007"
        },
        {
          "part": "Sentinel-3A heat pipes and thermal blankets",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": "Supplier: ARQUIMEA",
          "quote": "Our heat pipes and thermal blankets accompany the Sentinel 3A",
          "source_url": "https://www.arquimea.com/sectors/space",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Blankets and heat pipes flying since 2016"
        },
        {
          "part": "Galileo 15 to 18 thermal insulators (with radiators and heat pipes)",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": "Supplier: ARQUIMEA",
          "quote": "our radiators, heat pipes and thermal insulators have been vital in the success of the Galileo 15, 16, 17 and 18 missions",
          "source_url": "https://www.arquimea.com/sectors/space",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Thermal insulators named for four Galileo satellites since 2016"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "assembly": "Procurement, design and integration",
      "parts": [
        {
          "part": "Thermal hardware and EEE procurement and integration",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": "Supplier: ARQUIMEA",
          "quote": "Procurement and integration of thermal hardware and EEE.",
          "source_url": "https://arquimea.com/products/thermal-blankets-satellite-space",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Arquimea also buys and integrates thermal hardware and electronic parts for the customer"
        },
        {
          "part": "3D and 2D CAD design (Catia V4/V5) and fit-check approach",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": "Supplier: ARQUIMEA",
          "quote": "Our design is 3D and 2D and is performed using CAD techniques (i.e. Catia V4/V5) and/or fit-check approach.",
          "source_url": "https://arquimea.com/products/thermal-blankets-satellite-space",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Blanket patterns are designed in CAD or by fit-check on the hardware"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "assembly": "Related Arquimea thermal hardware (separate products on the same site)",
      "parts": [
        {
          "part": "Thermo-structural radiator panels",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": "Supplier: ARQUIMEA",
          "quote": "Thermo-Structural Radiator panels are part of the satellite structure and radiate excessive heat.",
          "source_url": "https://arquimea.com/products/thermal-blankets-satellite-space",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Panels that are part of the satellite structure and radiate excess heat"
        },
        {
          "part": "Deployable radiators",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": "Supplier: ARQUIMEA",
          "quote": "design, manufacture and test deployable radiators for their use in telecommunication satellites",
          "source_url": "https://arquimea.com/products/thermal-blankets-satellite-space",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Radiators for telecommunication satellites"
        },
        {
          "part": "Thermal and structural subassemblies",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": "Supplier: ARQUIMEA",
          "quote": "Turnkey solutions for thermally demanding systems like active antennas, cryogenic sensors, laser terminals and interplanetary exploration rovers.",
          "source_url": "https://arquimea.com/products/thermal-blankets-satellite-space",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Turnkey thermal and structural units for active antennas, cryogenic sensors, laser terminals and rover systems"
        },
        {
          "part": "Heat pipes (axial, arterial, diode)",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": "Supplier: ARQUIMEA",
          "quote": "axial, arterial and diode heat pipes for space applications",
          "source_url": "https://www.arquimea.com/sectors/space/thermal-structures-systems-hardware",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Passive heat transport between solid interfaces"
        },
        {
          "part": "Loop heat pipes",
          "material": null,
          "form": null,
          "finish": null,
          "standard": null,
          "hardware_ref": "Supplier: ARQUIMEA",
          "quote": "Loop Heat Pipes operate under adverse orientation in ground and are the core of our Deployable radiators",
          "source_url": "https://www.arquimea.com/sectors/space/thermal-structures-systems-hardware",
          "profile": null,
          "mid": null,
          "function": "Two-phase passive heat transfer devices; the core of Arquimea's deployable radiators"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "materials": [
    {
      "id": "pi-kapton-hn",
      "name": "Kapton, Beta Cloth, Coated Teflon (examples given)",
      "material_page": "https://spacemushroom.com/profiles/pi-kapton-hn/"
    },
    {
      "id": "e-glass",
      "name": "Glass fiber",
      "material_page": "https://spacemushroom.com/profiles/e-glass/"
    },
    {
      "id": "velcro",
      "name": "Velcro",
      "material_page": null
    },
    {
      "id": "vespel-sp1",
      "name": "Vespel SP1",
      "material_page": "https://spacemushroom.com/profiles/vespel-sp1/"
    },
    {
      "id": "titanium",
      "name": "Titanium (grade not stated)",
      "material_page": "https://spacemushroom.com/profiles/titanium/"
    },
    {
      "id": "beta-cloth",
      "name": "Germanium, Beta Cloth, ITO (options)",
      "material_page": "https://spacemushroom.com/profiles/beta-cloth/"
    }
  ],
  "standards": [
    {
      "name": "ESA, NASA and MIL quality standards (specific documents not named)",
      "org": "other",
      "used_for": "Products, materials and procedures in general"
    },
    {
      "name": "Cleanroom ISO 8 (Class 100000) and ISO 5 (Class 100)",
      "org": "ISO",
      "used_for": "Manufacturing environment, not a material standard"
    }
  ],
  "relations": [
    {
      "type": "part_of",
      "target": "ESA Cheops",
      "target_slug": "esa-cheops",
      "note": "Arquimea made and integrated all the MLI blankets of the platform; launched 2019",
      "quote": "ARQUIMEA has contributed to the mission with the fabrication and integration of all the MLI",
      "source_url": "https://www.arquimea.com/sectors/space"
    },
    {
      "type": "part_of",
      "target": "NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope",
      "target_slug": "nasa-jwst",
      "note": "Single-layer cryogenic insulating sheaths in the NIRSpec thermal control; the product page also lists JWST",
      "quote": "We contributed to this mission by manufacturing single-layer cryogenic insulating sheaths",
      "source_url": "https://www.arquimea.com/sectors/space"
    },
    {
      "type": "part_of",
      "target": "AGILE (Italian Space Agency gamma-ray mission)",
      "target_slug": null,
      "note": "Thermal blankets supplied in 2007",
      "quote": "The Agile satellite reaches space with our thermal blankets",
      "source_url": "https://www.arquimea.com/sectors/space"
    },
    {
      "type": "part_of",
      "target": "Sentinel-3A",
      "target_slug": null,
      "note": "Heat pipes and thermal blankets since 2016",
      "quote": "Our heat pipes and thermal blankets accompany the Sentinel 3A",
      "source_url": "https://www.arquimea.com/sectors/space"
    },
    {
      "type": "part_of",
      "target": "Galileo satellites (Galileo FOC, including Galileo 15 to 18)",
      "target_slug": null,
      "note": "Radiators, heat pipes and thermal insulators; the product page lists Galileo among blanket missions",
      "quote": "in different international missions, such as Agile, Galileo, Sentinel 2A, JWST, Cheops, etc.",
      "source_url": "https://arquimea.com/products/thermal-blankets-satellite-space"
    },
    {
      "type": "part_of",
      "target": "Sentinel-2A (Copernicus)",
      "target_slug": null,
      "note": "Listed on the product page among blanket missions",
      "quote": "such as Agile, Galileo, Sentinel 2A, JWST, Cheops, etc.",
      "source_url": "https://arquimea.com/products/thermal-blankets-satellite-space"
    }
  ],
  "not_published": "No layer stack (number of layers, film thicknesses, aluminisation, spacer mesh), no grade of Kapton/Mylar/Beta Cloth, no ECSS/ASTM/MIL document numbers, no adhesives/tapes, no velcro or thread specification. The brochure download requires submitting a personal-data form, so it was not opened. More detail: Arquimea publishes no layer stack, film thickness, aluminisation, spacer mesh, effective emittance, areal mass, outgassing data or material standards for its blankets; the brochure sits behind a personal-data form and was not opened. The materials palette (Kapton, Upilex, Mylar, FEP, Dacron, Beta Cloth, Nextel, glass fibre, Velcro, Vespel SP1) is already in the entry's bill of materials and is not repeated here. The company timeline names thermal insulators, heat pipes and radiators together, so Galileo and Sentinel items are only partly blankets. SLI is not expanded on the page. The two web searches that could have found third-party documents on Arquimea MLI were cut off by the session search limit, so no ESA or NASA report on a specific Arquimea blanket set was read. More detail: Arquimea publishes no layer stack, film thickness, aluminisation, spacer mesh, effective emittance, areal mass, outgassing data or material standards for its blankets; the brochure sits behind a personal-data form and was not opened. The materials palette (Kapton, Upilex, Mylar, FEP, Dacron, Beta Cloth, Nextel, glass fibre, Velcro, Vespel SP1) is already in the entry's bill of materials and is not repeated here. The company timeline names thermal insulators, heat pipes and radiators together, so Galileo and Sentinel items are only partly blankets. SLI is not expanded on the page. The two web searches that could have found third-party documents on Arquimea MLI were cut off by the session search limit, so no ESA or NASA report on a specific Arquimea blanket set was read.",
  "depth": "partial",
  "photos": [
    {
      "file": "products/context/arquimea-satellite-thermal-blankets-1.jpg",
      "alt": "CHEOPS spacecraft in a clean room with black multilayer insulation blankets held by blue tape",
      "long": "The CHEOPS spacecraft on a rotating handling fixture in a clean room. Black multilayer insulation blankets, held with blue tape, cover the telescope tube and body, and a gold-coloured edge shows on the front ring. Arquimea manufactured and integrated the platform blankets for CHEOPS.",
      "kind": "context",
      "context": "Blankets on CHEOPS",
      "credit": "Universitaetbern",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0",
      "page_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Unibe_CHEOPS_020_20200616_1200.jpg"
    },
    {
      "file": "products/context/arquimea-satellite-thermal-blankets-2.jpg",
      "alt": "Sentinel-2A on its launch adapter in a clean room, wrapped in gold-coloured insulation blankets",
      "long": "Sentinel-2A standing on its black launch adapter in a launch-site clean room, wrapped in gold-coloured multilayer insulation blankets, with a dark solar wing folded against one side. Arquimea lists Sentinel-2A among the missions it has worked on.",
      "kind": "context",
      "context": "Sentinel-2A with thermal blankets",
      "credit": "ESA–M. Pedoussaut, 2015",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 2.0",
      "page_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sentinel-2A_ready_for_encapsulation.jpg"
    },
    {
      "file": "products/gallery/arquimea-satellite-thermal-blankets-1.jpg",
      "alt": "Technician in a cleanroom suit smoothing a large copper-coloured crinkled foil dome on a round metal ring",
      "kind": "generic",
      "credit": "NASA Kennedy Space Center (KSC-97EC-0728)",
      "license": "Public domain",
      "page_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Huygens_thermal_multilayer_insulation.jpg",
      "hotspots": [
        {
          "x": 45,
          "y": 36,
          "label": "Multilayer insulation, outer foil",
          "note": "Gold-coloured blanket film. This look is usually aluminised polyimide (Kapton).",
          "profile": "pi-kapton-hn",
          "confidence": "estimate"
        },
        {
          "x": 7,
          "y": 50,
          "label": "Metal support ring",
          "note": "Pale metal ring. This look is usually machined aluminium; the alloy is not known.",
          "profile": "aluminium",
          "confidence": "estimate"
        }
      ],
      "long": "A person in white protective clothing works on a big dished cover wrapped in shiny orange-copper film with small holes. It sits in a pale metal ring in an industrial hall."
    },
    {
      "file": "products/gallery/arquimea-satellite-thermal-blankets-2.jpg",
      "alt": "Technician in cleanroom clothing handling gold-coloured film on a spacecraft panel, with a plastic-wrapped item beside it",
      "kind": "generic",
      "credit": "NASA Kennedy Space Center / USSF 30th Space Wing",
      "license": "Public domain",
      "page_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sentinel-6B_MLI_Operations_%28KSC-20251023-PH-JNF01_0027%29.jpg",
      "hotspots": [
        {
          "x": 32,
          "y": 50,
          "label": "Gold blanket film",
          "note": "Orange-gold blanket film. This look is usually aluminised polyimide (Kapton).",
          "profile": "pi-kapton-hn",
          "confidence": "estimate"
        },
        {
          "x": 84,
          "y": 72,
          "label": "Crinkled gold blanket",
          "note": "Layered gold blanket. The outer film is usually aluminised polyimide (Kapton).",
          "profile": "pi-kapton-hn",
          "confidence": "estimate"
        },
        {
          "x": 80,
          "y": 46,
          "label": "Protective plastic bag",
          "note": "Clear and pink cleanroom bags are usually polyethylene.",
          "profile": "polyethylene",
          "confidence": "estimate"
        }
      ],
      "long": "A person with a red hair cover reaches onto an orange-gold foil-covered panel and lifts a white container wrapped in bubble film. Clear plastic bags and a black structure are at right."
    },
    {
      "file": "products/gallery/arquimea-satellite-thermal-blankets-3.jpg",
      "alt": "Close-up of crinkled silver foil patches and a metal rail on a spacecraft surface, on a film frame with red numbers",
      "kind": "generic",
      "credit": "NASA (Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center)",
      "license": "Public domain",
      "page_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:STS082-357-016_-_STS-082_-_HST%2C_closeup_details_of_Multilayer_Insulation_%28MLI%29_patches_installed_-_DPLA_-_cc611f1b6d0e6707e3f0ab1287e07827.jpg",
      "hotspots": [
        {
          "x": 22,
          "y": 22,
          "label": "Silver blanket outer layer",
          "note": "Reflective silver film. Usually aluminised polyester (Mylar, PET) or silvered Teflon (FEP).",
          "profile": "pet",
          "confidence": "estimate"
        }
      ],
      "long": "A film photograph of reflective silver sheets fitted around bolts and a dark gasket, with a gold-brown rail along the bottom. Red frame numbers run down the border."
    }
  ],
  "context": {},
  "licence": "Product data CC BY 4.0, cite Space Mushroom. Photos keep their own licences, given per photo.",
  "mcp": "https://spacemushroom.com/mcp"
}