{ "spore": "profile", "id": "stainless-301", "spore_version": "0.2", "family": "stainless-austenitic", "name": "Stainless steel 301", "abbreviation": "301 (UNS S30100)", "role": "structural and spring alloy", "category": "metals", "type": "steels-and-stainless", "summary": "Type 301 is a chromium-nickel austenitic stainless steel, nominally 17 percent chromium and 7 percent nickel (ATI). It gains a great deal of strength when cold rolled: ATI prints minimum tensile strength rising from 515 MPa annealed to 1276 MPa full hard. It is used for springs and for light formed structures such as truck and trailer bodies and railway cars, and it resists corrosion less well than the 18-8 grades (ATI).\n", "best_for": "Springs, clips and light formed structures where cold-work strength matters more than corrosion resistance", "weakest_at": "Chloride pitting (critical pitting temperature below 10 C in Outokumpu's test) and carbide precipitation after welding or holding at 427 to 816 C", "identity": { "formula": "Fe balance, Cr 16.0 to 18.0, Ni 6.0 to 8.0, max 0.15 C, max 2.00 Mn, max 1.00 Si, max 0.045 P, max 0.030 S, max 0.10 N (wt%)", "designations": [ { "system": "UNS", "code": "S30100", "source": "outokumpu-global", "where": "Table 4, UNS column, 4310 row" }, { "system": "EN", "code": "1.4310", "source": "outokumpu-global", "where": "Table 4, EN column, 4310 row" }, { "system": "AISI", "code": "301", "source": "outokumpu-global", "where": "Table 4, ASTM column (printed as 301), 4310 row" }, { "system": "JIS", "code": "SUS 301", "source": "outokumpu-global", "where": "Table 4, JIS column, 4310 row" }, { "system": "ISO", "code": "4310-301-00-I", "source": "outokumpu-global", "where": "Table 5, ISO column, 4310 row" }, { "system": "BS", "code": "301S21", "source": "outokumpu-global", "where": "Table 5, BS/UK column, 4310 row" }, { "system": "AFNOR", "code": "Z11 CN 18-08", "source": "outokumpu-global", "where": "Table 5, NF/France column, 4310 row" }, { "system": "SS", "code": "2331", "source": "outokumpu-global", "where": "Table 5, SS/Sweden column, 4310 row" }, { "system": "GB", "code": "1Cr17Ni7", "source": "outokumpu-global", "where": "Table 5, GB/PR China column, 4310 row" }, { "system": "KS", "code": "STS 301", "source": "outokumpu-global", "where": "Table 5, KS/Korea column, 4310 row" }, { "system": "GOST", "code": "07X16H6", "source": "outokumpu-global", "where": "Table 5, GOST/Russia column, 4310 row" }, { "system": "ASTM", "code": "A240", "note": "plate, sheet and strip", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Chemical Composition section, Represented by ASTM A240 and A666" }, { "system": "ASTM", "code": "A666", "note": "plate, sheet and strip", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Chemical Composition section, Represented by ASTM A240 and A666" }, { "system": "ASME", "code": "SA-240", "note": "plate, sheet and strip", "source": "ati-301-page", "where": "Specifications line under the Plate, Sheet and Strip product tables" }, { "system": "AMS", "code": "5901", "note": "sheet and coil", "source": "upmet-301", "where": "Title block, AMS 5901 / UNS S30100, datasheet for 301 sheet and coil" }, { "system": "Trade name", "code": "ATI 301", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Title block, ATI 301 (UNS S30100)" } ], "source": "upmet-301", "where": "Chemical Composition table, minimum and maximum by element (UPMET); the ATI product page and ATI data sheet give the same limits except silicon, see gaps" }, "tags": { "environments": [], "stresses": [ "extreme-cold" ], "applications": [ "structures", "mechanisms" ] }, "properties": [ { "benchmark": "density", "value": 8.03, "bound": "exact", "unit": "g/cm3", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "annealed (the TDS gives its physical values as representative of the annealed condition)", "temperature": "not printed" }, "method": "Physical properties table, printed as 0.29 lb/in3 (8.03 g/cm3); specific gravity 8.03 is also printed", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Physical Properties, Density row", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "density", "value": 7.88, "bound": "exact", "unit": "g/cm3", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "form": "coil and sheet (AMS 5901 datasheet)", "temperature": "not printed" }, "method": "Physical properties table, printed as 0.2850 lb/in3 (7.88g/cm3)", "status": "ground", "source": "upmet-301", "where": "Physical Properties table, Density row", "source_detail": { "title": "United Performance Metals: Datasheet for 301 Stainless Steel Sheet and Coil, AMS 5901 (UNS S30100)", "id": "301.pdf", "url": "https://www.upmet.com/sites/default/files/datasheets/301.pdf", "year": 2026, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "density", "value": 7.9, "bound": "exact", "unit": "g/cm3", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temperature": "room temperature (RT column)", "unit_in_source": "kg/dm3", "condition": "not labelled in Table 13" }, "method": "Physical properties table, printed as 7.9 kg/dm3; kg/dm3 is the same as g/cm3", "status": "ground", "source": "outokumpu-global", "where": "Table 13, Density RT column, 4310 row", "source_detail": { "title": "Outokumpu: Steel Grades, Properties and Global Standards (Tables 4, 5, 13 and 15)", "id": "outokumpu-steel-grades-properties-global-standards.pdf", "url": "https://www.outokumpu.com/-/media/from-sharepoint/documents/product/outokumpu-steel-grades-properties-global-standards.pdf", "kind": "handbook", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "melting_point", "value": 1399, "value_high": 1421, "bound": "range", "unit": "°C", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temperature": "melting range", "temper": "annealed (representative values)", "unit_in_source": "2550-2590 F, printed beside 1399-1421 C" }, "method": "Physical properties, melting range printed as 2550-2590°F (1399-1421°C); the °C values are used", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Physical Properties, Melting Range row", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "elastic_modulus", "value": 193, "bound": "exact", "unit": "GPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "annealed (the TDS says the modulus is lowered in the cold-worked condition)", "temperature": "not printed" }, "method": "Physical properties, printed as 28 x 10^6 psi (193 GPa)", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Physical Properties, Modulus of Elasticity in Tension row", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "elastic_modulus", "value": 200, "bound": "exact", "unit": "GPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temperature": "room temperature (RT column)", "condition": "not labelled in Table 13" }, "method": "Physical properties table, modulus of elasticity E in GPa, RT column", "status": "ground", "source": "outokumpu-global", "where": "Table 13, Modulus of elasticity RT column, 4310 row", "source_detail": { "title": "Outokumpu: Steel Grades, Properties and Global Standards (Tables 4, 5, 13 and 15)", "id": "outokumpu-steel-grades-properties-global-standards.pdf", "url": "https://www.outokumpu.com/-/media/from-sharepoint/documents/product/outokumpu-steel-grades-properties-global-standards.pdf", "kind": "handbook", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "thermal_conductivity", "value": 16.3, "bound": "exact", "unit": "W/m.K", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temperature": "20 to 100 C", "temper": "annealed (representative values)", "unit_in_source": "W/m•K" }, "method": "Thermal conductivity table, printed as 16.3 W/m•K (9.4 Btu/ft2/hr/F/ft)", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Thermal Conductivity table, 20-100 C row", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "thermal_conductivity", "value": 21.4, "bound": "exact", "unit": "W/m.K", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temperature": "20 to 500 C", "temper": "annealed (representative values)", "unit_in_source": "W/m•K" }, "method": "Thermal conductivity table, printed as 21.4 W/m•K (12.4 Btu/ft2/hr/F/ft)", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Thermal Conductivity table, 20-500 C row", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "specific_heat", "value": 500, "bound": "exact", "unit": "J/kg.K", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temperature": "0 to 100 C", "temper": "annealed (representative values)", "unit_in_source": "J/kg•K" }, "method": "Specific heat table, printed as 500 J/kg•K (0.12 Btu/lb/F)", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Specific Heat table, 0-100 C row", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "cte", "value": 16.6, "bound": "exact", "unit": "10-6/K", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temperature": "20 to 100 C mean", "unit_in_source": "10-6 cm/cm/°C" }, "method": "Linear coefficient of thermal expansion table, printed as 16.6 x 10-6 cm/cm/°C; cm/cm/°C is the same as 1/K", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Linear Coefficient of Thermal Expansion table, 20-100 C row", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "cte", "value": 18.6, "bound": "exact", "unit": "10-6/K", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temperature": "20 to 500 C mean", "unit_in_source": "10-6 cm/cm/°C" }, "method": "Linear coefficient of thermal expansion table, printed as 18.6 x 10-6 cm/cm/°C", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Linear Coefficient of Thermal Expansion table, 20-500 C row", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "cte", "value": 19.8, "bound": "exact", "unit": "10-6/K", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temperature": "20 to 871 C mean", "unit_in_source": "10-6 cm/cm/°C" }, "method": "Linear coefficient of thermal expansion table, printed as 19.8 x 10-6 cm/cm/°C", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Linear Coefficient of Thermal Expansion table, 20-871 C row", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "electrical_resistivity", "value": 72, "bound": "exact", "unit": "µΩ·cm", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temperature": "20 C", "temper": "annealed (representative values)", "unit_in_source": "Microhm-cm" }, "method": "Electrical resistivity table, printed as 72 Microhm-cm at 20 C (28.3 Microhm-in.)", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Electrical Resistivity table, 20 C row", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "electrical_resistivity", "value": 100, "bound": "exact", "unit": "µΩ·cm", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temperature": "400 C", "temper": "annealed (representative values)", "unit_in_source": "Microhm-cm" }, "method": "Electrical resistivity table, printed as 100 Microhm-cm at 400 C (39.4 Microhm-in.)", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Electrical Resistivity table, 400 C row", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "max_service_temp", "label": "Oxidation resistance limit in air, as printed", "value": 840, "bound": "exact", "unit": "°C", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temperature": "up to 840 C", "basis": "oxidation resistance; the TDS says oxidation depends on atmosphere and design and advises against use at 871 C and above", "unit_in_source": "1550 F (840 C)" }, "method": "Oxidation Resistance section, printed as up to 1550°F (840°C)", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Oxidation Resistance section", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength", "value": 515, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "annealed", "form": "plate, sheet and strip (ASTM A240 and A666 minimum)", "basis": "minimum", "unit_in_source": "75 ksi" }, "method": "Minimum room-temperature mechanical properties table, printed as 75 ksi (515 MPa); UPMET prints the same minimum", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Minimum Room Temperature Mechanical Properties table, Annealed row", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength", "value": 862, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "1/4 hard", "form": "plate, sheet and strip (ASTM A240 and A666 minimum)", "basis": "minimum", "unit_in_source": "125 ksi" }, "method": "Minimum room-temperature mechanical properties table, printed as 125 ksi (862 MPa); UPMET prints the same minimum", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Minimum Room Temperature Mechanical Properties table, 1/4 Hard row", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength", "value": 1034, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "1/2 hard", "form": "plate, sheet and strip (ASTM A240 and A666 minimum)", "basis": "minimum", "unit_in_source": "150 ksi" }, "method": "Minimum room-temperature mechanical properties table, printed as 150 ksi (1,034 MPa)", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Minimum Room Temperature Mechanical Properties table, 1/2 Hard row", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength", "value": 1207, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "3/4 hard", "form": "plate, sheet and strip (ASTM A240 and A666 minimum)", "basis": "minimum", "unit_in_source": "175 ksi" }, "method": "Minimum room-temperature mechanical properties table, printed as 175 ksi (1,207 MPa)", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Minimum Room Temperature Mechanical Properties table, 3/4 Hard row", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength", "value": 1276, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "full hard", "form": "plate, sheet and strip (ASTM A240 and A666 minimum)", "basis": "minimum", "unit_in_source": "185 ksi" }, "method": "Minimum room-temperature mechanical properties table, printed as 185 ksi (1,276 MPa); UPMET prints the same minimum", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Minimum Room Temperature Mechanical Properties table, Full Hard row", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "yield_strength", "value": 205, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "annealed", "form": "plate, sheet and strip (ASTM A240 and A666 minimum)", "basis": "minimum, 0.2 percent offset", "unit_in_source": "30 ksi" }, "method": "Minimum room-temperature mechanical properties table, printed as 30 ksi (205 MPa)", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Minimum Room Temperature Mechanical Properties table, 0.2% Yield column, Annealed row", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "yield_strength", "value": 517, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "1/4 hard", "form": "plate, sheet and strip (ASTM A240 and A666 minimum)", "basis": "minimum, 0.2 percent offset", "unit_in_source": "75 ksi" }, "method": "Minimum room-temperature mechanical properties table, printed as 75 ksi (517 MPa)", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Minimum Room Temperature Mechanical Properties table, 0.2% Yield column, 1/4 Hard row", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "yield_strength", "value": 758, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "1/2 hard", "form": "plate, sheet and strip (ASTM A240 and A666 minimum)", "basis": "minimum, 0.2 percent offset", "unit_in_source": "110 ksi" }, "method": "Minimum room-temperature mechanical properties table, printed as 110 ksi (758 MPa)", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Minimum Room Temperature Mechanical Properties table, 0.2% Yield column, 1/2 Hard row", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "yield_strength", "value": 931, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "3/4 hard", "form": "plate, sheet and strip (ASTM A240 and A666 minimum)", "basis": "minimum, 0.2 percent offset", "unit_in_source": "ATI prints 125 ksi beside 931 MPa; UPMET prints 135 ksi beside 931 MPa" }, "method": "Minimum room-temperature mechanical properties table, printed as 931 MPa; the ksi figure differs between ATI (125) and UPMET (135), so the MPa value is the one recorded", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Minimum Room Temperature Mechanical Properties table, 0.2% Yield column, 3/4 Hard row", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "yield_strength", "value": 965, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "full hard", "form": "plate, sheet and strip (ASTM A240 and A666 minimum)", "basis": "minimum, 0.2 percent offset", "unit_in_source": "140 ksi" }, "method": "Minimum room-temperature mechanical properties table, printed as 140 ksi (965 MPa)", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Minimum Room Temperature Mechanical Properties table, 0.2% Yield column, Full Hard row", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "elongation", "value": 40, "bound": "exact", "unit": "%", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "annealed", "form": "plate, sheet and strip (ASTM A240 and A666 minimum)", "basis": "minimum", "gauge": "2 in (50 mm)" }, "method": "Minimum room-temperature mechanical properties table, printed as 40%, Min.", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Minimum Room Temperature Mechanical Properties table, Elong. column, Annealed row", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "elongation", "value": 25, "bound": "exact", "unit": "%", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "1/4 hard", "form": "plate, sheet and strip (ASTM A240 and A666 minimum)", "basis": "minimum", "gauge": "2 in (50 mm)" }, "method": "Minimum room-temperature mechanical properties table, printed as 25%", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Minimum Room Temperature Mechanical Properties table, Elong. column, 1/4 Hard row", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "elongation", "value": 18, "bound": "exact", "unit": "%", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "1/2 hard", "form": "plate, sheet and strip (ASTM A240 and A666 minimum)", "basis": "minimum", "gauge": "2 in (50 mm)", "thickness": "greater than 0.015 in (0.038 mm), as the table asterisk states" }, "method": "Minimum room-temperature mechanical properties table, printed as 18%, Min. with an asterisk", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Minimum Room Temperature Mechanical Properties table, Elong. column, 1/2 Hard row", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "elongation", "value": 12, "bound": "exact", "unit": "%", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "3/4 hard", "form": "plate, sheet and strip (ASTM A240 and A666 minimum)", "basis": "minimum", "gauge": "2 in (50 mm)", "thickness": "greater than 0.015 in (0.038 mm), as the table asterisk states" }, "method": "Minimum room-temperature mechanical properties table, printed as 12%, Min. with an asterisk", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Minimum Room Temperature Mechanical Properties table, Elong. column, 3/4 Hard row", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "elongation", "value": 9, "bound": "exact", "unit": "%", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "full hard", "form": "plate, sheet and strip (ASTM A240 and A666 minimum)", "basis": "minimum", "gauge": "2 in (50 mm)", "thickness": "greater than 0.015 in (0.038 mm), as the table asterisk states" }, "method": "Minimum room-temperature mechanical properties table, printed as 9%, Min. with an asterisk", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Minimum Room Temperature Mechanical Properties table, Elong. column, Full Hard row", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "yield_strength", "value": 248, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "annealed (as annealed)", "orientation": "longitudinal", "basis": "typical", "unit_in_source": "36 ksi" }, "method": "Tension table for as-rolled and stress-relieved material, printed as 36 ksi (248 MPa) for longitudinal 0.2% Y.S.", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Tension table (as rolled and stress relieved), Longitudinal 0.2% Y.S., Annealed row", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "yield_strength", "value": 552, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "1/4 hard (as rolled)", "orientation": "longitudinal", "basis": "typical", "unit_in_source": "80 ksi" }, "method": "Tension table, printed as 80 ksi (552 MPa) for longitudinal 0.2% Y.S., as rolled", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Tension table (as rolled and stress relieved), Longitudinal 0.2% Y.S., 1/4 Hard as rolled row", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "yield_strength", "value": 841, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "1/2 hard (as rolled)", "orientation": "longitudinal", "basis": "typical", "unit_in_source": "122 ksi" }, "method": "Tension table, printed as 122 ksi (841 MPa) for longitudinal 0.2% Y.S., as rolled", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Tension table (as rolled and stress relieved), Longitudinal 0.2% Y.S., 1/2 Hard as rolled row", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "yield_strength", "value": 979, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "3/4 hard (as rolled)", "orientation": "longitudinal", "basis": "typical", "unit_in_source": "142 ksi" }, "method": "Tension table, printed as 142 ksi (979 MPa) for longitudinal 0.2% Y.S., as rolled", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Tension table (as rolled and stress relieved), Longitudinal 0.2% Y.S., 3/4 Hard as rolled row", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "yield_strength", "value": 1103, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "full hard (as rolled)", "orientation": "longitudinal", "basis": "typical", "unit_in_source": "160 ksi" }, "method": "Tension table, printed as 160 ksi (1,103 MPa) for longitudinal 0.2% Y.S., as rolled", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Tension table (as rolled and stress relieved), Longitudinal 0.2% Y.S., Full Hard as rolled row", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "elastic_modulus", "value": 193, "bound": "exact", "unit": "GPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "1/4 hard (as rolled)", "orientation": "longitudinal", "basis": "typical", "unit_in_source": "28.0 x 10^6 psi (193 GPa)" }, "method": "Tension table, elastic modulus printed as 28.0 (193) for longitudinal, as rolled", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Tension table (as rolled and stress relieved), Longitudinal Elastic Modulus, 1/4 Hard as rolled row", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "elastic_modulus", "value": 174, "bound": "exact", "unit": "GPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "full hard (as rolled)", "orientation": "longitudinal", "basis": "typical", "unit_in_source": "25.2 x 10^6 psi (174 GPa)" }, "method": "Tension table, elastic modulus printed as 25.2 (174) for longitudinal, as rolled", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Tension table (as rolled and stress relieved), Longitudinal Elastic Modulus, Full Hard as rolled row", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "hardness", "value": 85, "bound": "exact", "unit": "HRB", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "annealed", "basis": "typical", "unit_in_source": "85 Rb" }, "method": "Typical hardness table, printed as 85 Rb (Rockwell B scale); the Brinell figure for the same row is printed without a unit and is left out", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Hardness table, Annealed row", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "hardness", "value": 25, "bound": "exact", "unit": "HRC", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "1/4 hard", "basis": "typical", "unit_in_source": "25 Rc" }, "method": "Typical hardness table, printed as 25 Rc (Rockwell C scale)", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Hardness table, 1/4 Hard row", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "hardness", "value": 32, "bound": "exact", "unit": "HRC", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "1/2 hard", "basis": "typical", "unit_in_source": "32 Rc" }, "method": "Typical hardness table, printed as 32 Rc (Rockwell C scale)", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Hardness table, 1/2 Hard row", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "hardness", "value": 37, "bound": "exact", "unit": "HRC", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "3/4 hard", "basis": "typical", "unit_in_source": "37 Rc" }, "method": "Typical hardness table, printed as 37 Rc (Rockwell C scale)", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Hardness table, 3/4 Hard row", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "hardness", "value": 41, "bound": "exact", "unit": "HRC", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "full hard", "basis": "typical", "unit_in_source": "41 Rc" }, "method": "Typical hardness table, printed as 41 Rc (Rockwell C scale)", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Hardness table, Full Hard row", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength", "value": 552, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "annealed", "temperature": "204 C (400 F)", "basis": "typical", "unit_in_source": "80.0 ksi" }, "method": "Typical elevated temperature tensile table, Annealed column, 400 F (204 C) row", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Typical Elevated Temperature Tensile Properties table, 400 (204) row", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "yield_strength", "value": 152, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "annealed", "temperature": "204 C (400 F)", "basis": "typical, 0.2 percent offset", "unit_in_source": "22.0 ksi" }, "method": "Typical elevated temperature tensile table, Annealed yield column, 400 F (204 C) row", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Typical Elevated Temperature Tensile Properties table, 400 (204) row, yield column", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength", "value": 401, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "annealed", "temperature": "538 C (1000 F)", "basis": "typical", "unit_in_source": "58.2 ksi" }, "method": "Typical elevated temperature tensile table, Annealed column, 1000 F (538 C) row", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Typical Elevated Temperature Tensile Properties table, 1000 (538) row", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "yield_strength", "value": 126, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "annealed", "temperature": "538 C (1000 F)", "basis": "typical, 0.2 percent offset", "unit_in_source": "18.3 ksi" }, "method": "Typical elevated temperature tensile table, Annealed yield column, 1000 F (538 C) row", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Typical Elevated Temperature Tensile Properties table, 1000 (538) row, yield column", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength", "value": 1896, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "annealed", "temperature": "-196 C (-320 F)", "basis": "typical", "unit_in_source": "275 ksi" }, "method": "Typical low temperature tensile table, Annealed row, -320 F (-196 C) line", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Typical Low Temperature Tensile Properties table, Annealed row, -320 (-196) line", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "yield_strength", "value": 517, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "annealed", "temperature": "-196 C (-320 F)", "basis": "typical, 0.2 percent offset", "unit_in_source": "75 ksi" }, "method": "Typical low temperature tensile table, Annealed row, -320 F (-196 C) line, yield column", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Typical Low Temperature Tensile Properties table, Annealed row, -320 (-196) line", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "elongation", "value": 30, "bound": "exact", "unit": "%", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "annealed", "temperature": "-196 C (-320 F)", "basis": "typical", "gauge": "2 in (50 mm)" }, "method": "Typical low temperature tensile table, Annealed row, -320 F (-196 C) line", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Typical Low Temperature Tensile Properties table, Annealed row, -320 (-196) line", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength", "value": 2082, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "full hard", "temperature": "-196 C (-320 F)", "basis": "typical", "unit_in_source": "302 ksi" }, "method": "Typical low temperature tensile table, Full Hard row, -320 F (-196 C) line; the source marks this row with an asterisk", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Typical Low Temperature Tensile Properties table, Full Hard row, -320 (-196) line", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "yield_strength", "value": 1482, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "full hard", "temperature": "-196 C (-320 F)", "basis": "typical, 0.2 percent offset", "unit_in_source": "215 ksi" }, "method": "Typical low temperature tensile table, Full Hard row, -320 F (-196 C) line, yield column; the source marks this row with an asterisk", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Typical Low Temperature Tensile Properties table, Full Hard row, -320 (-196) line, yield column", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "fatigue_strength", "value": 241, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "annealed", "basis": "typical endurance limit as printed; test method, cycles and specimen not printed", "unit_in_source": "35 ksi" }, "method": "Endurance limit table, printed as 35 ksi (241 MPa)", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Fatigue Strength section, Endurance Limit table, Annealed row", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "fatigue_strength", "value": 303, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "1/4 hard", "basis": "typical endurance limit as printed; test method, cycles and specimen not printed", "unit_in_source": "44 ksi" }, "method": "Endurance limit table, printed as 44 ksi (303 MPa)", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Fatigue Strength section, Endurance Limit table, 1/4 Hard row", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "fatigue_strength", "value": 379, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "1/2 hard", "basis": "typical endurance limit as printed; test method, cycles and specimen not printed", "unit_in_source": "55 ksi" }, "method": "Endurance limit table, printed as 55 ksi (379 MPa)", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Fatigue Strength section, Endurance Limit table, 1/2 Hard row", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "fatigue_strength", "value": 552, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "full hard", "basis": "typical endurance limit as printed; test method, cycles and specimen not printed", "unit_in_source": "80 ksi" }, "method": "Endurance limit table, printed as 80 ksi (552 MPa)", "status": "ground", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Fatigue Strength section, Endurance Limit table, Full Hard row", "source_detail": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "strain_hardening_exponent", "value": 0.8, "bound": "exact", "unit": "-", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "basis": "cold forming characteristic from a tension test (Outokumpu footnote 3)", "temper": "not labelled in Table 15", "product": "1.4310 row, as printed" }, "method": "Forming n/Ahom column printed as 0.8/35; footnote 3 defines the first value as the strain-hardening exponent n and the second as homogeneous elongation Ahom, here 35 percent", "status": "ground", "source": "outokumpu-global", "where": "Table 15 (fabrication and use characteristics), Forming n/Ahom column, 4310 row", "source_detail": { "title": "Outokumpu: Steel Grades, Properties and Global Standards (Tables 4, 5, 13 and 15)", "id": "outokumpu-steel-grades-properties-global-standards.pdf", "url": "https://www.outokumpu.com/-/media/from-sharepoint/documents/product/outokumpu-steel-grades-properties-global-standards.pdf", "kind": "handbook", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } } ], "corrosion": [ { "environment": "Chloride pitting (critical pitting temperature)", "headline": "Critical pitting temperature below 10 C in Outokumpu's potentiostatic test.", "effect": "Outokumpu prints a critical pitting temperature below 10 C for 1.4310 (Table 15). Its footnote says this is from potentiostatic testing at +700 mV SCE in 1 M NaCl with the Avesta cell, on a surface ground to P 320 (ASTM G 150). Other methods, such as ASTM G 48, give other values.", "rating": "moderate", "conditions": { "test": "potentiostatic, +700 mV SCE, 1 M NaCl, Avesta cell, surface ground to P 320 (ASTM G 150)", "temperature": "critical pitting temperature, below 10 C" }, "source": "outokumpu-global", "where": "Table 15, CPT column (footnote 7), 4310 row" }, { "environment": "Intergranular corrosion in the delivery and welded conditions", "headline": "Outokumpu prints N/N for 1.4310, so it is not resistant to intergranular corrosion in either condition.", "effect": "Outokumpu prints N/N in the IGC resistance column for 1.4310. Its footnote 6 says Y or N is yes or no for the delivery and welded condition, tested to EN ISO 3651-2. ATI says carbide precipitation during welding restricts 301 in many applications in favour of ATI 304 or 304L.", "rating": "moderate", "conditions": { "standard": "EN 10088-2 test to EN ISO 3651-2", "condition": "delivery condition and welded condition" }, "source": "outokumpu-global", "where": "Table 15, IGC resistance column (footnote 6), 4310 row" }, { "environment": "General corrosion in ordinary environments", "headline": "Resists a variety of corrosive media, but less well than the 18-8 chromium-nickel grades (ATI).", "effect": "ATI says 301 is resistant to a variety of corrosive media. However, its corrosion properties are not as good as the 18-8 chromium-nickel steels.", "rating": "low", "conditions": { "temperature": "not stated" }, "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Corrosion Resistance section" }, { "environment": "High-temperature oxidation in air", "headline": "Good oxidation resistance up to 840 C; not suggested at 871 C or above.", "effect": "ATI says 301 has good resistance to oxidation at temperatures up to 1550 F (840 C). At 1600 F (871 C) it gains 10 mg/cm2 in 1000 hours, so it is not suggested for use at 1600 F or above. ATI adds that the oxidation rate depends on the atmosphere and the structural design.", "rating": "low", "conditions": { "atmosphere": "air, as printed", "time": "1000 hours (weight-gain figure at 871 C)" }, "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Oxidation Resistance section" } ], "risks": { "hazards": [ { "text": "ATI's stainless steel safety data sheet FRP008, which names ATI301, is classed Danger. Its hazard statements are: May cause cancer; May cause an allergic skin reaction; Causes damage to the respiratory tract through prolonged or repeated exposure if inhaled. It also says the product is an article and does not present a hazard to human health by inhalation or ingestion.", "ghs": [], "source": "ati-frp008-sds", "where": "Section 2, Hazards Identification (hazard statements and article statement)" }, { "text": "The SDS says welding, burning, melting, sawing, brazing, grinding, buffing or polishing can release hexavalent chromium (Chromium VI), which may cause lung, nasal and/or sinus cancer, along with other fumes the SDS lists.", "ghs": [], "source": "ati-frp008-sds", "where": "Section 2, Hazards not otherwise classified; Section 5, Hazardous combustion products" }, { "text": "The SDS says nickel- or cobalt-containing alloys may cause sensitization by skin contact.", "ghs": [], "source": "ati-frp008-sds", "where": "Section 11, Toxicological Information, Skin contact and Sensitization" }, { "text": "SDS exposure limits for the constituent metals: nickel, ACGIH TWA 1.5 mg/m3 (inhalable fraction) and OSHA PEL TWA 1 mg/m3; chromium, ACGIH TWA 0.5 mg/m3 and OSHA PEL TWA 1 mg/m3. The table is for the product family, not 301 alone.", "ghs": [], "source": "ati-frp008-sds", "where": "Section 8, Exposure Controls, ACGIH TLV and OSHA PEL table" }, { "text": "PubChem aggregated notifications for elemental nickel include H317 (99.9 percent of notifications), H372 (99.7 percent), H351 (72.9 percent) and H412 (47.2 percent), with signal word Danger. These describe the element, not the 301 alloy.", "ghs": [ "H317", "H372", "H351", "H412" ], "source": "pubchem-nickel", "where": "GHS Classification, ECHA C&L aggregated notifications (CID 935)" }, { "text": "PubChem aggregated notifications for elemental chromium include H317 (20.7 percent), H319 (19.1 percent) and H334 (20.3 percent), with signal word Danger. The record says it does not meet GHS criteria for 50 percent of reports, and it describes the element, not the 301 alloy.", "ghs": [ "H317", "H319", "H334" ], "source": "pubchem-chromium", "where": "GHS Classification, ECHA C&L aggregated notifications (CID 23976)" } ], "failure_risks": [ { "mode": "Grain-boundary carbide precipitation after welding or holding", "trigger": "Heating or holding in the 800 to 1500 F (427 to 816 C) range, including welded joints", "consequence": "Carbide precipitation at the grain boundaries lowers corrosion resistance. ATI restricts 301 in welded service in favour of ATI 304 and 304L.", "severity": "high", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Corrosion Resistance section and Structure paragraph of the Heat Treatment section" }, { "mode": "Loss of ductility as the temper increases", "trigger": "Cold rolling from annealed to full hard", "consequence": "Minimum elongation falls from 40 percent annealed to 9 percent full hard, with the harder tempers shown for thickness greater than 0.015 in (ATI).", "severity": "moderate", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Minimum Room Temperature Mechanical Properties table" }, { "mode": "Loss of nonmagnetic behaviour with cold work", "trigger": "Cold working, which promotes martensite", "consequence": "Magnetic permeability rises with cold rolling. Properly annealed 301 is completely austenitic (ATI).", "severity": "moderate", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Magnetic Permeability section" } ], "side_effects": [ { "text": "Cold-rolled 301 is slightly anisotropic, and the difference is more pronounced in compression. Stress relieving at 371 to 538 C (700 to 1000 F) for 5 minutes to 5 hours makes the material more isotropic (ATI).", "affects": "Forming and compression loads on cold-rolled parts", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Mechanical Properties section, text before the as-rolled table" }, { "text": "Cold work raises the magnetic permeability of 301 (ATI).", "affects": "Magnetic-sensitive hardware", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Magnetic Permeability section" } ], "handling": [ { "text": "Anneal at 1850 to 2050 F (1010 to 1121 C). Water-quench heavy sections and air-cool thin ones (ATI).", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Heat Treatment section, Annealing Temperature" }, { "text": "Outokumpu prints an annealing temperature of 1050 ± 40 C for 1.4310 (A = annealing) and the welding consumable 19 9L.", "source": "outokumpu-global", "where": "Table 15 (fabrication), heat treatment and welding columns, 4310 row" }, { "text": "Forging: initial 2000 to 2200 F (1093 to 1204 C), finishing at 1700 F (927 C) (ATI).", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Heat Treatment section, Forging Treatment" }, { "text": "The SDS says to use personal protective equipment as required, wear protective gloves, and use respiratory protection when fumes or particulates are generated and exposure limits are exceeded.", "source": "ati-frp008-sds", "where": "Section 2, Precautionary Statements; Section 8, Respiratory protection" } ], "mitigations": [ { "text": "Specify ATI 304 or 304L where welding would otherwise cause carbide precipitation, as ATI recommends.", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Corrosion Resistance section" }, { "text": "Stress relieve cold-rolled parts at 371 to 538 C for 5 minutes to 5 hours. Use the lower temperature and shorter time to limit carbide precipitation (ATI).", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Mechanical Properties section" }, { "text": "Anneal and cool quickly after cold work. Rapid cooling through the carbide precipitation range keeps the carbides in solution (ATI).", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "Heat Treatment section, Annealing Temperature" } ] }, "uses": [ { "application": "structures", "device": "Aircraft structural parts", "example": "UPMET lists aircraft structural parts among the industry applications for its 301 sheet and coil. It also lists trailer bodies, architectural parts and conveyor parts.", "source": "upmet-301", "where": "Industry Applications list" }, { "application": "structures", "device": "Truck and trailer bodies, railway and subway cars", "example": "ATI names truck and trailer bodies and railway and subway cars among the major applications for 301.", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "General Properties section, first paragraph" }, { "application": "mechanisms", "device": "Springs and hose clamps", "example": "ATI names springs and hose clamps among the major applications for 301.", "source": "ati-301-tds", "where": "General Properties section, first paragraph" } ], "supply": [ { "subject": "Nickel production by country", "abundance": "World mine production 3.9 million t of nickel in 2025 (estimated); world reserves more than 140 million t, of which Indonesia holds 62 million t (USGS 2026).", "producers": [ { "country": "Indonesia", "share_percent": 66.7, "year": 2025 }, { "country": "Philippines", "share_percent": 6.9, "year": 2025 }, { "country": "Russia", "share_percent": 5.1, "year": 2025 }, { "country": "New Caledonia", "share_percent": 3.6, "year": 2025 }, { "country": "Canada", "share_percent": 3.6, "year": 2025 }, { "country": "China", "share_percent": 3.1, "year": 2025 } ], "critical_lists": [], "recycling": "In 2025 nickel recovered from scrap was about 60 percent of US apparent consumption. Most secondary nickel is stainless-steel scrap (USGS 2026).", "substitutes": [ "USGS: low-nickel, duplex or ultrahigh-chromium stainless steels have been substituted for austenitic grades in construction.", "USGS: titanium alloys can substitute for nickel or nickel-base alloys in corrosive environments." ], "source": "usgs-nickel-2026", "where": "World Mine Production and Reserves table (2025e); Recycling; Substitutes" }, { "subject": "Nickel use and US import reliance", "abundance": "Stainless and alloy steel plus nickel-containing alloys typically account for more than 85 percent of US consumption. US net import reliance was 41 percent of apparent consumption in 2025 (estimated).", "producers": [], "critical_lists": [], "recycling": "Nickel recovered from scrap was about 60 percent of US apparent consumption in 2025.", "substitutes": [], "source": "usgs-nickel-2026", "where": "Domestic Production and Use; Salient Statistics (net import reliance row)" }, { "subject": "Chromium production by country", "abundance": "World mine production about 51,000 thousand t gross weight in 2025 (estimated). World resources are greater than 12 billion t of shipping-grade chromite, 95 percent in Kazakhstan and southern Africa (USGS 2026).", "producers": [ { "country": "South Africa", "share_percent": 45.1, "year": 2025 }, { "country": "Turkey", "share_percent": 17.6, "year": 2025 }, { "country": "Kazakhstan", "share_percent": 13.7, "year": 2025 }, { "country": "India", "share_percent": 5.9, "year": 2025 }, { "country": "Brazil", "share_percent": 3.9, "year": 2025 }, { "country": "Zimbabwe", "share_percent": 3.9, "year": 2025 }, { "country": "Finland", "share_percent": 3.7, "year": 2025 } ], "critical_lists": [], "recycling": "Recycled chromium in stainless-steel scrap receipts was 21 percent of US apparent consumption in 2025.", "substitutes": [ "USGS: chromium has no substitute in stainless steel, the leading end use." ], "source": "usgs-chromium-2026", "where": "World Mine Production and Reserves table (2025e, gross weight); World Resources; Substitutes; Recycling" }, { "subject": "Chromium import reliance", "abundance": "US net import reliance was 79 percent of apparent consumption in 2025 (estimated). Chromite imports for 2021 to 2024 were from South Africa (96 percent) and Turkey (3 percent) (USGS 2026).", "producers": [], "critical_lists": [], "recycling": "Recycled chromium was 21 percent of US apparent consumption in 2025.", "substitutes": [], "source": "usgs-chromium-2026", "where": "Salient Statistics (net import reliance row); Import Sources (2021-24)" } ], "media": [], "documents": [ { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, version 1 (2014)", "type": "datasheet", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014 }, { "title": "ATI 301 product page (composition, specifications and minimum properties)", "type": "datasheet", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/ati-301" }, { "title": "UPMET: Datasheet for 301 Stainless Steel Sheet and Coil, AMS 5901 (UNS S30100)", "type": "datasheet", "url": "https://www.upmet.com/sites/default/files/datasheets/301.pdf", "year": 2026 }, { "title": "Outokumpu: Steel Grades, Properties and Global Standards (Tables 4, 5, 13 and 15)", "type": "datasheet", "url": "https://www.outokumpu.com/-/media/from-sharepoint/documents/product/outokumpu-steel-grades-properties-global-standards.pdf" }, { "title": "ATI Stainless Steel Safety Data Sheet FRP008 (covers ATI301), revision date 04-Sep-2018", "type": "sds", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/safety-data-sheets/Documents/NorthAmerica/NA-EN/FRP/FRP008%20Stainless%20Steel%20NA-EN%20Rev5.pdf", "year": 2018 }, { "title": "USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026: Nickel", "type": "report", "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-nickel.pdf", "year": 2026 }, { "title": "USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026: Chromium", "type": "report", "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-chromium.pdf", "year": 2026 }, { "title": "PubChem: Nickel (CID 935), UN GHS classification", "type": "database", "url": "https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/rest/pug_view/data/compound/935/JSON", "year": 2026 }, { "title": "PubChem: Chromium (CID 23976), UN GHS classification", "type": "database", "url": "https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/rest/pug_view/data/compound/23976/JSON", "year": 2026 } ], "gaps": [ "No ASTM A240 or A666 standard text was read. The minimum temper values come from the ATI and UPMET tables that cite those specifications.", "The EN steel name is not printed on any page read in this run; only the material number 1.4310 is. No DIN or SAE steel name was printed on the pages read.", "Hardness is not in the canonical property list, so the name hardness is used. The Brinell figures in the ATI typical hardness table are printed without a unit and are left out.", "Strain-hardening exponent is not in the canonical property list, so the name strain_hardening_exponent is used. Magnetic permeability is not in the list either; only the effect of cold work is recorded, from ATI.", "The 3/4 hard yield strength is printed as 125 ksi by ATI and as 135 ksi by UPMET, both beside 931 MPa. The MPa value is recorded and the conflict is noted in the method.", "Silicon is printed as a maximum of 0.75 percent in the 2014 ATI data sheet and 1.00 percent on the ATI product page and in the UPMET datasheet. The recipe uses 1.00.", "Outokumpu's Table 7 and Table 9 minimum values for 1.4310 carry no temper label, so they are not used. The elevated and low temperature values come from ATI's annealed and full-hard rows only.", "ATI's typical Charpy impact values (150 J at -196 C) are printed without a temper label, so they are not in the file.", "Critical-mineral lists (USGS 2025 final list and the EU list) were not opened in this run, so critical_lists is empty for nickel and chromium.", "No space or flight source for 301 was found. UPMET lists Space among related industries but names no space part, so the uses come from the ATI and UPMET application lists.", "No NASA or NIST cryogenic source for 301 was used. NIST NBSIR 80-1627 was fetched and has no AISI 301 data.", "Hazard lines from the ATI stainless SDS (FRP008) cover the product family, which includes ATI301, so they are not 301-only figures. The PubChem records are for the elements.", "Web search was unavailable in this run because the search budget for the turn was used up. Sources are the pages reached from the first URLs and their links. The AK Steel 301 data sheet host did not resolve, the Carpenter SDS returned 404, and the Swiss Steel 1.4310 page held no 1.4310 data.", "Chloride and seawater data for 301 beyond the Outokumpu critical pitting temperature could not be located in the pages read. No ASTM G 48 value for 301 could be located either.", "Fatigue values are typical endurance limits as printed; the test method, cycles and specimen are not stated in the source." ], "story": { "why": "Type 301 is the cold-work grade of the stainless family. ATI says its tensile strength in the work-hardened condition is higher than other stable austenitic grades, and ATI and UPMET list springs, aircraft structural parts, truck and trailer bodies and railway cars as uses. Its limits are corrosion resistance below the 18-8 grades and carbide precipitation on welding.", "uses": [ { "where": "Aircraft structural parts", "line": "UPMET lists aircraft structural parts among the industry applications for its 301 sheet and coil. It also lists trailer bodies, architectural parts and conveyor parts." }, { "where": "Truck and trailer bodies, railway and subway cars", "line": "ATI names truck and trailer bodies and railway and subway cars among the major applications for 301." }, { "where": "Springs", "line": "ATI names springs and hose clamps among the major applications for 301, alongside automobile trim and kitchen equipment." } ], "can_do": [ { "label": "Strength by temper", "line": "Minimum tensile strength is 515 MPa annealed, 862 MPa quarter hard, 1034 MPa half hard, 1207 MPa three-quarter hard and 1276 MPa full hard (ASTM A240 and A666 minimums, ATI).", "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength", "scope": "material" }, { "label": "Yield by temper", "line": "Minimum yield strength is 205 MPa annealed and 965 MPa full hard (ATI). The three-quarter hard minimum is 931 MPa.", "benchmark": "yield_strength", "scope": "material" }, { "label": "How fast it work hardens", "line": "Typical as-rolled yield rises from 248 MPa annealed to 552 MPa quarter hard and 1103 MPa full hard (ATI). Outokumpu prints a strain-hardening exponent of 0.8 for 1.4310, the highest value in its forming column.", "benchmark": "strain_hardening_exponent", "scope": "material" }, { "label": "Stiffness", "line": "Elastic modulus is 193 GPa for annealed material (ATI) and falls to 174 GPa for full-hard material as rolled (ATI).", "benchmark": "elastic_modulus", "scope": "material" }, { "label": "Heat", "line": "Annealed material keeps a typical tensile strength of 552 MPa at 204 C and 401 MPa at 538 C (ATI).", "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength", "scope": "material", "value": "552 MPa at 204 C" }, { "label": "Cold", "line": "At -196 C full-hard material has a typical tensile strength of 2082 MPa and a yield of 1482 MPa (ATI). The annealed material reaches 1896 MPa at the same temperature.", "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength", "scope": "material", "value": "2082 MPa at -196 C, full hard" } ], "compare": "Compared with the 18-8 grades, ATI says 301's corrosion properties are not as good, and carbide precipitation during welding restricts its use in favour of ATI 304 and 304L. Once work hardened, ATI says 301 develops higher tensile strength than other stable austenitic grades. Outokumpu's strain-hardening exponent of 0.8 is the highest in its forming column.", "compare_rows": [ { "label": "Tensile strength, annealed", "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength", "scope": "material" }, { "label": "Density", "benchmark": "density", "scope": "material" }, { "label": "Melting range", "benchmark": "melting_point", "scope": "material" } ], "handling": [ "Anneal at 1010 to 1121 C, water-quench heavy sections and air-cool thin ones (ATI).", "After cold rolling, stress-relieve at 371 to 538 C for 5 minutes to 5 hours to make the sheet more isotropic, using the low end of the range to limit carbide precipitation (ATI).", "Weld with 19 9L filler, the welding consumable Outokumpu prints for 1.4310, and plan for carbide precipitation in the heat-affected zone (Outokumpu, ATI).", "Wear protective gloves and use respiratory protection where welding or grinding fumes exceed exposure limits (ATI SDS)." ], "good_for": [ "Springs and clips, where cold-work strength is the main requirement (ATI).", "Light formed structures such as truck and trailer bodies, railway and subway cars and aircraft structural parts (ATI, UPMET).", "Bright decorative and trim parts, which ATI describes as having a bright, attractive surface (ATI)." ], "watch_out": [ "Welding and holding at 427 to 816 C, which causes carbide precipitation. Outokumpu prints N/N for intergranular corrosion resistance.", "Chloride pitting: Outokumpu's critical pitting temperature is below 10 C in its test, so chloride exposure is the main corrosion risk.", "Cold work raises magnetic permeability (ATI), so cold-worked parts should not be assumed nonmagnetic.", "Cold-rolled sheet is slightly anisotropic, and the difference is larger in compression (ATI)." ], "verdict": "Once work hardened, Type 301 has higher tensile strength than other stable austenitic grades (ATI), but it gives up corrosion resistance and welding ease for that strength. Specify it for springs and light formed structures where cold-work strength is the need, and use 304 or 304L where welding matters.", "recipe": { "line": "Type 301 is an iron-based austenitic stainless steel. ATI and UPMET give the same composition limits: 16 to 18 percent chromium and 6 to 8 percent nickel, with maximum limits on carbon, manganese, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur and nitrogen, and iron as the balance. It is sold as cold-rolled strip, sheet and plate, and its temper, from annealed to full hard, is set by how much it is cold rolled (ATI).", "parts": [ { "name": "Iron", "symbol": "Fe", "role": "The matrix of the alloy. It holds the austenite structure that gives 301 its ductility.", "share_note": "balance (the rest)" }, { "name": "Chromium", "symbol": "Cr", "role": "Forms the passive oxide film that gives corrosion resistance.", "share_percent": 16, "share_high": 18, "source": "upmet-301", "where": "Chemical Composition table, Cr row (minimum and maximum)" }, { "name": "Nickel", "symbol": "Ni", "role": "Holds the austenite structure at room temperature.", "share_percent": 6, "share_high": 8, "source": "upmet-301", "where": "Chemical Composition table, Ni row (minimum and maximum)" }, { "name": "Manganese", "symbol": "Mn", "role": "Deoxidiser in the melt; the printed limit is a maximum.", "share_percent": 0, "share_high": 2, "source": "upmet-301", "where": "Chemical Composition table, Mn row (maximum)" }, { "name": "Silicon", "symbol": "Si", "role": "Deoxidiser in the melt; the printed limit is a maximum.", "share_percent": 0, "share_high": 1, "source": "upmet-301", "where": "Chemical Composition table, Si row (maximum 1.00); the 2014 ATI data sheet prints 0.75" }, { "name": "Carbon", "symbol": "C", "role": "Adds strength, but chromium carbide can form at the grain boundaries when the steel is held between 427 and 816 C (ATI).", "share_percent": 0, "share_high": 0.15, "source": "upmet-301", "where": "Chemical Composition table, C row (maximum)" }, { "name": "Nitrogen", "symbol": "N", "role": "Held to a maximum; it adds strength in austenite.", "share_percent": 0, "share_high": 0.1, "source": "upmet-301", "where": "Chemical Composition table, N row (maximum 0.10)" }, { "name": "Phosphorus", "symbol": "P", "role": "Impurity held low.", "share_percent": 0, "share_high": 0.045, "source": "upmet-301", "where": "Chemical Composition table, P row (maximum 0.045)" }, { "name": "Sulfur", "symbol": "S", "role": "Impurity held low.", "share_percent": 0, "share_high": 0.03, "source": "upmet-301", "where": "Chemical Composition table, S row (maximum 0.030)" } ] }, "risk_groups": [ { "title": "For people", "lead": "ATI's stainless SDS calls the product an article that does not present a hazard by inhalation or ingestion. Welding and grinding fume and nickel contact are the exposures it names.", "points": [ { "label": "Article", "line": "ATI's SDS for stainless steel, which names ATI301, says the product as an article does not present a hazard to human health by inhalation or ingestion." }, { "label": "Fume", "line": "Welding, burning, grinding or polishing can release hexavalent chromium, which the SDS says may cause lung, nasal and sinus cancer." }, { "label": "Skin", "line": "The SDS says nickel-containing alloys may cause sensitization by skin contact. PubChem lists H317 for elemental nickel in 99.9 percent of notifications." }, { "label": "Exposure limits", "line": "The SDS lists ACGIH limits of 1.5 mg/m3 for nickel and 0.5 mg/m3 for chromium, both as time-weighted averages." } ], "level": 1, "verdict": "Fume and skin contact are the hazards" }, { "title": "In the environment", "lead": "Pitting and carbide precipitation are the failure routes. No seawater test for 301 was found.", "points": [ { "label": "Chloride", "line": "Outokumpu's critical pitting temperature for 1.4310 is below 10 C in the Avesta cell test." }, { "label": "Welds", "line": "ATI says carbide precipitation during welding restricts 301 in many applications in favour of 304 and 304L." } ], "level": 2, "verdict": "Chloride and welds are the watch points" }, { "title": "Heat and welding", "lead": "Holding between 427 and 816 C causes grain-boundary carbide precipitation. Outokumpu prints N/N for intergranular corrosion.", "points": [ { "label": "Range", "line": "ATI says exposure in the 800 to 1500 F (427 to 816 C) range results in grain-boundary carbide precipitation." }, { "label": "Test", "line": "Outokumpu prints N/N in the intergranular corrosion column for 1.4310: N means no, for the delivery and the welded condition, tested to EN ISO 3651-2." } ], "level": 2, "verdict": "Heat history sets the risk" } ] }, "updated": "2026-10-24", "review": { "status": "draft", "method": "assistant", "checked_values": 56, "unreachable": 0, "caveats": 3, "note": "Read by an AI assistant on 2026-10-24 from pages fetched in this run: the ATI 301 technical data sheet (version 1, 2014) and ATI 301 product page, the UPMET 301 datasheet (AMS 5901), Outokumpu's steel grades handbook (Tables 4, 5, 13 and 15), ATI's stainless steel SDS FRP008, USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026 for nickel and chromium, and PubChem nickel and chromium records. Web search was unavailable in this run." }, "sources": { "ati-301-tds": { "title": "ATI 301 Technical Data Sheet, Stainless Steel: Austenitic (UNS S30100), version 1 dated 2/17/2014", "id": "ATI 301 TDS version 1", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/Documents/datasheets/stainless-specialty-steel/austenitic/ati_301_tds_en_v1.pdf", "year": 2014, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" }, "ati-301-page": { "title": "ATI 301 austenitic stainless steel product page (composition, specifications, minimum properties)", "id": "ati-301", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/Products/ati-301", "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" }, "upmet-301": { "title": "United Performance Metals: Datasheet for 301 Stainless Steel Sheet and Coil, AMS 5901 (UNS S30100)", "id": "301.pdf", "url": "https://www.upmet.com/sites/default/files/datasheets/301.pdf", "year": 2026, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" }, "outokumpu-global": { "title": "Outokumpu: Steel Grades, Properties and Global Standards (Tables 4, 5, 13 and 15)", "id": "outokumpu-steel-grades-properties-global-standards.pdf", "url": "https://www.outokumpu.com/-/media/from-sharepoint/documents/product/outokumpu-steel-grades-properties-global-standards.pdf", "kind": "handbook", "license": "cited, not reproduced" }, "ati-frp008-sds": { "title": "ATI Stainless Steel Safety Data Sheet FRP008 (North America, revision date 04-Sep-2018, covers ATI301)", "id": "FRP008", "url": "https://atimaterials.com/safety-data-sheets/Documents/NorthAmerica/NA-EN/FRP/FRP008%20Stainless%20Steel%20NA-EN%20Rev5.pdf", "year": 2018, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "supplier document, linked not reproduced" }, "usgs-nickel-2026": { "title": "USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026: Nickel", "id": "mcs2026-nickel", "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-nickel.pdf", "year": 2026, "kind": "report", "license": "public domain" }, "usgs-chromium-2026": { "title": "USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026: Chromium", "id": "mcs2026-chromium", "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-chromium.pdf", "year": 2026, "kind": "report", "license": "public domain" }, "pubchem-nickel": { "title": "PubChem: Nickel (CID 935), UN GHS classification", "id": "CID 935", "url": "https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/rest/pug_view/data/compound/935/JSON", "kind": "database", "license": "PubChem terms (public)" }, "pubchem-chromium": { "title": "PubChem: Chromium (CID 23976), UN GHS classification", "id": "CID 23976", "url": "https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/rest/pug_view/data/compound/23976/JSON", "kind": "database", "license": "PubChem terms (public)" } }, "license": "CC-BY-4.0", "url": "https://spacemushroom.com/profiles/stainless-301/" }