{ "spore": "profile", "id": "stainless-17-4ph", "spore_version": "0.2", "family": "stainless-precipitation-hardening", "name": "17-4 PH stainless steel", "abbreviation": "17-4 PH (UNS S17400, Type 630)", "role": "precipitation-hardening structural alloy", "category": "metals", "type": "steels-and-stainless", "summary": "17-4 PH is a martensitic, precipitation-hardening stainless steel with about 15 to 17.5 percent chromium, 3 to 5 percent nickel and 3 to 5 percent copper (Carpenter). It is supplied annealed and then aged in one step at about 480 to 620 C (900 to 1150 F). The aging temperature sets the strength: H900 is the strongest and hardest condition, and H1150 is softer and tougher. In most media its corrosion resistance is close to Type 304, but peak-aged material is more prone to stress corrosion cracking, so the aging condition has to be chosen for the environment as well as the load.\n", "best_for": "High-strength fittings, fasteners, shafts and valve parts that need more strength than 304 and moderate corrosion resistance", "weakest_at": "Stress corrosion cracking and pitting in peak-aged (H900) material, and crevice corrosion in stagnant salt water", "identity": { "formula": "Fe balance, 15.0 to 17.5 Cr, 3.0 to 5.0 Ni, 3.0 to 5.0 Cu, 0.15 to 0.45 Nb plus Ta, max 0.070 C, max 1.00 Mn, max 1.00 Si, max 0.040 P, max 0.030 S (wt%)", "designations": [ { "system": "UNS", "code": "S17400", "source": "carp-select", "where": "Associated identifiers line: UNS S17400" }, { "system": "AISI", "code": "630", "source": "carp-select", "where": "Associated identifiers line: AISI 630" }, { "system": "EN", "code": "1.4542", "source": "austral-174", "where": "Equivalent Specifications table, Steel Europe row: EN10088 X5CrNiCuNb16-4 1.4542" }, { "system": "EN name", "code": "X5CrNiCuNb16-4", "source": "austral-174", "where": "Equivalent Specifications table, Steel Europe row" }, { "system": "JIS", "code": "SUS630", "source": "austral-174", "where": "Equivalent Specifications table, Japan row: JIS G4305 SUS 630" }, { "system": "AFNOR", "code": "Z6CNU1704", "source": "ams5643-page", "where": "Specifications list: AFNOR Z6CNU1704, beside WS 1.4542" }, { "system": "ASTM", "code": "A564", "note": "bars, wire and shapes", "source": "jacquet-174", "where": "Specifications table: ASTM A564 Bars, Wire and Shapes" }, { "system": "ASTM", "code": "A693", "note": "sheet, plate and strip", "source": "jacquet-174", "where": "Specifications table: ASTM A693 Sheet, Plate and Strip" }, { "system": "ASTM", "code": "A705", "note": "forgings", "source": "jacquet-174", "where": "Specifications table: ASTM A705 Forgings" }, { "system": "ASTM", "code": "F899", "note": "when fully aged", "source": "carp-select", "where": "Applicable specifications line: ASTM F899 (when fully aged)" }, { "system": "ASME", "code": "SA-564", "source": "carp-select", "where": "Applicable specifications line: ASME SA564" }, { "system": "ASME", "code": "SA-693", "note": "plate, sheet and strip", "source": "jacquet-174", "where": "Specifications table: ASME SA-693 beside ASTM A693" }, { "system": "ASME", "code": "SA-705", "note": "forgings", "source": "jacquet-174", "where": "Specifications table: ASME SA-705 beside ASTM A705" }, { "system": "AMS", "code": "5604", "note": "sheet, strip and plate", "source": "jacquet-174", "where": "Specifications table: AMS 5604 Sheet, Strip and Plate" }, { "system": "AMS", "code": "5643", "note": "bars, forgings, tubing and rings", "source": "jacquet-174", "where": "Specifications table: AMS 5643 Bars, Forgings, Tubing and Rings" }, { "system": "AMS", "code": "5622", "note": "vacuum melt; bars, wire, forgings, tubing and rings", "source": "ams5643-page", "where": "Specifications list: AMS 5622 (Vac Melt) Bars, Wire, Forgings, Tubing and Rings" }, { "system": "AMS", "code": "5642", "note": "bar", "source": "ams5643-page", "where": "Specifications list: AMS 5642 Bar" }, { "system": "AMS", "code": "5523", "source": "ulbrich-wire", "where": "Product heading: ASTM A564, ASTM 693, AMS 5523, AMS 5604, AMS 5643" }, { "system": "AMS", "code": "7474", "note": "bolts", "source": "jacquet-174", "where": "Specifications table: AMS 7474 Bolts" }, { "system": "MIL", "code": "MIL-S-25043", "source": "ams5643-page", "where": "Specifications list: MIL-S-25043" }, { "system": "Trade name", "code": "Custom 630", "source": "carp-card", "where": "Card title: Custom 630 (17-4)" }, { "system": "Trade name", "code": "17-4 PH", "source": "ulbrich-wire", "where": "Title: 17-4 PH® Stainless Steel, UNS S17400" } ], "source": "carp-select", "where": "Type analysis table (Carpenter 17-4 SELECT data sheet, UNS S17400 type)" }, "tags": { "environments": [], "stresses": [], "applications": [ "structures", "mechanisms", "propulsion-and-tanks" ] }, "properties": [ { "benchmark": "density", "value": 7.75, "bound": "exact", "unit": "g/cm3", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "Condition A (annealed)", "basis": "typical, room temperature", "form": "sheet, strip, plate and long products" }, "method": "Physical properties table, Density in g/cm3 row, Condition A column", "status": "ground", "source": "jacquet-174", "where": "Physical properties table (Density, g/cm3 row)", "source_detail": { "title": "Jacquet Metal Service: Technical Sheet 17-4 PH (630)", "id": "Technical_Sheet_17-4_PH", "url": "https://usa.myjacquet.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/55/2025/08/Technical_Sheet_17-4_PH.pdf", "year": 2025, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "density", "value": 7.81, "bound": "exact", "unit": "g/cm3", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "H900", "basis": "typical, room temperature", "form": "sheet, strip, plate and long products" }, "method": "Physical properties table, Density in g/cm3 row, H 900 column", "status": "ground", "source": "jacquet-174", "where": "Physical properties table (Density, g/cm3 row)", "source_detail": { "title": "Jacquet Metal Service: Technical Sheet 17-4 PH (630)", "id": "Technical_Sheet_17-4_PH", "url": "https://usa.myjacquet.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/55/2025/08/Technical_Sheet_17-4_PH.pdf", "year": 2025, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "density", "value": 7.86, "bound": "exact", "unit": "g/cm3", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "H1150", "basis": "typical, room temperature", "form": "sheet, strip, plate and long products" }, "method": "Physical properties table, Density in g/cm3 row, H 1150 column", "status": "ground", "source": "jacquet-174", "where": "Physical properties table (Density, g/cm3 row)", "source_detail": { "title": "Jacquet Metal Service: Technical Sheet 17-4 PH (630)", "id": "Technical_Sheet_17-4_PH", "url": "https://usa.myjacquet.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/55/2025/08/Technical_Sheet_17-4_PH.pdf", "year": 2025, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "elastic_modulus", "value": 196, "bound": "exact", "unit": "GPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "all conditions printed (Condition A, H900, H1075, H1150)", "basis": "modulus of elasticity, printed as 28.5 x 10^6 psi (196 GPa)" }, "method": "Mechanical properties table, Modulus of Elasticity row, GPa value in parentheses", "status": "ground", "source": "jacquet-174", "where": "Mechanical properties table (Modulus of Elasticity row)", "source_detail": { "title": "Jacquet Metal Service: Technical Sheet 17-4 PH (630)", "id": "Technical_Sheet_17-4_PH", "url": "https://usa.myjacquet.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/55/2025/08/Technical_Sheet_17-4_PH.pdf", "year": 2025, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "elastic_modulus", "value": 200, "value_high": 201, "bound": "exact", "unit": "GPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "tension, printed as a range across conditions", "basis": "modulus of elasticity, tension" }, "method": "Physical properties table, Modulus of Elasticity tension row, minimum and maximum as printed", "status": "ground", "source": "austral-174", "where": "Physical Properties table (Modulus of Elasticity, Tension row)", "source_detail": { "title": "Austral Wright Metals: Product Data Sheet, Stainless Steel Alloy 17-4PH", "id": "stainless-steel-alloy-17-4ph", "url": "https://www.australwright.com.au/technical-data/alloys/stainless-steel/stainless-steel-alloy-17-4ph/", "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "shear_modulus", "value": 77.2, "bound": "exact", "unit": "GPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "all conditions printed (Condition A, H900, H1075, H1150)", "basis": "modulus of rigidity, printed as 11.2 x 10^6 psi (77.2 GPa)" }, "method": "Mechanical properties table, Modulus of Rigidity row, GPa value in parentheses", "status": "ground", "source": "jacquet-174", "where": "Mechanical properties table (Modulus of Rigidity row)", "source_detail": { "title": "Jacquet Metal Service: Technical Sheet 17-4 PH (630)", "id": "Technical_Sheet_17-4_PH", "url": "https://usa.myjacquet.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/55/2025/08/Technical_Sheet_17-4_PH.pdf", "year": 2025, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "poissons_ratio", "value": 0.272, "bound": "exact", "unit": "-", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "H900, H1075 and H1150 (same value printed for each)", "basis": "room temperature" }, "method": "Physical properties table, Poisson's ratio rows, value as printed", "status": "ground", "source": "carp-select", "where": "Physical properties table (Poisson's ratio, three condition rows)", "source_detail": { "title": "Carpenter Technology: 17-4 SELECT data sheet", "id": "17-4 SELECT", "url": "https://www.carpentertechnology.com/hubfs/Data%20Sheets/17-4%20Select.pdf", "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "melting_point", "value": 1404, "value_high": 1440, "bound": "exact", "unit": "°C", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "basis": "melting range as printed, no solidus or liquidus split", "unit_in_source": "2560-2625 F (1404-1440 C)" }, "method": "Physical properties table, Melting Range row, Celsius range as printed", "status": "ground", "source": "upmet-174", "where": "Physical Properties table (Melting Range row)", "source_detail": { "title": "United Performance Metals: Datasheet for 17-4 PH stainless steel", "id": "17-4-ph.pdf", "url": "https://www.upmet.com/sites/default/files/datasheets/17-4-ph.pdf", "year": 2026, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "thermal_conductivity", "value": 17.9, "bound": "exact", "unit": "W/m.K", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "H900", "temperature": "149 C (300 F)", "unit_in_source": "124.0 Btu-in/hr/ft2/F at 300 F" }, "method": "Physical properties table, Thermal Conductivity row, W/m.K value as printed", "status": "ground", "source": "carp-select", "where": "Physical properties, Thermal Conductivity, H 900 at 300 F (149 C)", "source_detail": { "title": "Carpenter Technology: 17-4 SELECT data sheet", "id": "17-4 SELECT", "url": "https://www.carpentertechnology.com/hubfs/Data%20Sheets/17-4%20Select.pdf", "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "thermal_conductivity", "value": 22.6, "bound": "exact", "unit": "W/m.K", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "H900", "temperature": "482 C (900 F)", "unit_in_source": "157.0 Btu-in/hr/ft2/F at 900 F" }, "method": "Physical properties table, Thermal Conductivity row, W/m.K value as printed", "status": "ground", "source": "carp-select", "where": "Physical properties, Thermal Conductivity, H 900 at 900 F (482 C)", "source_detail": { "title": "Carpenter Technology: 17-4 SELECT data sheet", "id": "17-4 SELECT", "url": "https://www.carpentertechnology.com/hubfs/Data%20Sheets/17-4%20Select.pdf", "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "specific_heat", "value": 419, "bound": "exact", "unit": "J/kg.K", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "not split by condition in the table", "temperature": "0 to 100 C (32 to 212 F)", "unit_in_source": "0.1000 Btu/lb/F" }, "method": "Physical properties table, Mean Specific Heat row, J/kg.K value as printed", "status": "ground", "source": "carp-select", "where": "Physical properties table (Mean Specific Heat row)", "source_detail": { "title": "Carpenter Technology: 17-4 SELECT data sheet", "id": "17-4 SELECT", "url": "https://www.carpentertechnology.com/hubfs/Data%20Sheets/17-4%20Select.pdf", "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "specific_heat", "value": 460, "bound": "exact", "unit": "J/kg.K", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "Condition A (annealed)", "temperature": "0 to 100 C (32 to 212 F)", "unit_in_source": "0.11 Btu/lb/F" }, "method": "Specific Heat (Annealed Condition) table, J/kg.K value as printed", "status": "ground", "source": "upmet-174", "where": "Physical Properties table (Specific Heat, annealed condition row)", "source_detail": { "title": "United Performance Metals: Datasheet for 17-4 PH stainless steel", "id": "17-4-ph.pdf", "url": "https://www.upmet.com/sites/default/files/datasheets/17-4-ph.pdf", "year": 2026, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "cte", "value": 11.3, "bound": "exact", "unit": "10-6/°C", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "Condition A", "temperature": "21 to 427 C (70 to 800 F)" }, "method": "Physical properties table, mean linear CTE at +70 to 800 F row, metric value in parentheses, Condition A column", "status": "ground", "source": "jacquet-174", "where": "Physical properties table (Linear Coefficient of Thermal Expansion, +70 to 800 F row)", "source_detail": { "title": "Jacquet Metal Service: Technical Sheet 17-4 PH (630)", "id": "Technical_Sheet_17-4_PH", "url": "https://usa.myjacquet.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/55/2025/08/Technical_Sheet_17-4_PH.pdf", "year": 2025, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "cte", "value": 11.7, "bound": "exact", "unit": "10-6/°C", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "H900", "temperature": "21 to 427 C (70 to 800 F)" }, "method": "Physical properties table, mean linear CTE at +70 to 800 F row, metric value in parentheses, H 900 column", "status": "ground", "source": "jacquet-174", "where": "Physical properties table (Linear Coefficient of Thermal Expansion, +70 to 800 F row)", "source_detail": { "title": "Jacquet Metal Service: Technical Sheet 17-4 PH (630)", "id": "Technical_Sheet_17-4_PH", "url": "https://usa.myjacquet.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/55/2025/08/Technical_Sheet_17-4_PH.pdf", "year": 2025, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "cte", "value": 13, "bound": "exact", "unit": "10-6/°C", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "H1150", "temperature": "21 to 427 C (70 to 800 F)" }, "method": "Physical properties table, mean linear CTE at +70 to 800 F row, metric value in parentheses, H 1150 column", "status": "ground", "source": "jacquet-174", "where": "Physical properties table (Linear Coefficient of Thermal Expansion, +70 to 800 F row)", "source_detail": { "title": "Jacquet Metal Service: Technical Sheet 17-4 PH (630)", "id": "Technical_Sheet_17-4_PH", "url": "https://usa.myjacquet.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/55/2025/08/Technical_Sheet_17-4_PH.pdf", "year": 2025, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "cte", "value": 11.2, "bound": "exact", "unit": "10-6/°C", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "Condition A (annealed)", "temperature": "21 to 427 C (70 to 800 F)", "unit_in_source": "μm/m·°C" }, "method": "Mean Coefficient of Thermal Expansion table (annealed condition), value printed in μm/m·°C, which equals 10-6/°C", "status": "ground", "source": "upmet-174", "where": "Physical properties table (Mean Coefficient of Thermal Expansion, 21-427 C row)", "source_detail": { "title": "United Performance Metals: Datasheet for 17-4 PH stainless steel", "id": "17-4-ph.pdf", "url": "https://www.upmet.com/sites/default/files/datasheets/17-4-ph.pdf", "year": 2026, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "electrical_resistivity", "value": 98, "bound": "exact", "unit": "microhm-cm", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "Condition A (annealed)", "temperature": "room temperature" }, "method": "Physical properties table, Electrical Resistivity row, value as printed", "status": "ground", "source": "jacquet-174", "where": "Physical properties table (Electrical Resistivity row, Condition A column)", "source_detail": { "title": "Jacquet Metal Service: Technical Sheet 17-4 PH (630)", "id": "Technical_Sheet_17-4_PH", "url": "https://usa.myjacquet.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/55/2025/08/Technical_Sheet_17-4_PH.pdf", "year": 2025, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "electrical_resistivity", "value": 77, "bound": "exact", "unit": "microhm-cm", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "H900", "temperature": "room temperature" }, "method": "Physical properties table, Electrical Resistivity row, value as printed", "status": "ground", "source": "jacquet-174", "where": "Physical properties table (Electrical Resistivity row, H 900 column)", "source_detail": { "title": "Jacquet Metal Service: Technical Sheet 17-4 PH (630)", "id": "Technical_Sheet_17-4_PH", "url": "https://usa.myjacquet.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/55/2025/08/Technical_Sheet_17-4_PH.pdf", "year": 2025, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "max_service_temp", "value": 316, "bound": "exact", "unit": "°C", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "basis": "statement that high strength is maintained to approximately 600 F (316 C)" }, "method": "Introduction text, Celsius value in parentheses as printed", "status": "ground", "source": "jacquet-174", "where": "Introduction (high strength maintained to approximately 600 F (316 C))", "source_detail": { "title": "Jacquet Metal Service: Technical Sheet 17-4 PH (630)", "id": "Technical_Sheet_17-4_PH", "url": "https://usa.myjacquet.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/55/2025/08/Technical_Sheet_17-4_PH.pdf", "year": 2025, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "yield_strength", "value": 1262, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "H900", "basis": "typical, room temperature, 0.2 percent offset", "form": "bar, cold finished" }, "method": "Typical mechanical properties table, 0.2 percent yield strength in MPa column", "status": "ground", "source": "carp-select", "where": "Typical mechanical properties table (H 900 row, MPa)", "source_detail": { "title": "Carpenter Technology: 17-4 SELECT data sheet", "id": "17-4 SELECT", "url": "https://www.carpentertechnology.com/hubfs/Data%20Sheets/17-4%20Select.pdf", "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "yield_strength", "value": 1117, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "H1025", "basis": "typical, room temperature, 0.2 percent offset", "form": "bar, cold finished" }, "method": "Typical mechanical properties table, 0.2 percent yield strength in MPa column", "status": "ground", "source": "carp-select", "where": "Typical mechanical properties table (H 1025 row, MPa)", "source_detail": { "title": "Carpenter Technology: 17-4 SELECT data sheet", "id": "17-4 SELECT", "url": "https://www.carpentertechnology.com/hubfs/Data%20Sheets/17-4%20Select.pdf", "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "yield_strength", "value": 869, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "H1150", "basis": "typical, room temperature, 0.2 percent offset", "form": "bar, cold finished" }, "method": "Typical mechanical properties table, 0.2 percent yield strength in MPa column", "status": "ground", "source": "carp-select", "where": "Typical mechanical properties table (H 1150 row, MPa)", "source_detail": { "title": "Carpenter Technology: 17-4 SELECT data sheet", "id": "17-4 SELECT", "url": "https://www.carpentertechnology.com/hubfs/Data%20Sheets/17-4%20Select.pdf", "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength", "value": 1365, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "H900", "basis": "typical, room temperature", "form": "bar, cold finished" }, "method": "Typical mechanical properties table, ultimate tensile strength in MPa column", "status": "ground", "source": "carp-select", "where": "Typical mechanical properties table (H 900 row, MPa)", "source_detail": { "title": "Carpenter Technology: 17-4 SELECT data sheet", "id": "17-4 SELECT", "url": "https://www.carpentertechnology.com/hubfs/Data%20Sheets/17-4%20Select.pdf", "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength", "value": 1158, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "H1025", "basis": "typical, room temperature", "form": "bar, cold finished" }, "method": "Typical mechanical properties table, ultimate tensile strength in MPa column", "status": "ground", "source": "carp-select", "where": "Typical mechanical properties table (H 1025 row, MPa)", "source_detail": { "title": "Carpenter Technology: 17-4 SELECT data sheet", "id": "17-4 SELECT", "url": "https://www.carpentertechnology.com/hubfs/Data%20Sheets/17-4%20Select.pdf", "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength", "value": 993, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "H1150", "basis": "typical, room temperature", "form": "bar, cold finished" }, "method": "Typical mechanical properties table, ultimate tensile strength in MPa column", "status": "ground", "source": "carp-select", "where": "Typical mechanical properties table (H 1150 row, MPa)", "source_detail": { "title": "Carpenter Technology: 17-4 SELECT data sheet", "id": "17-4 SELECT", "url": "https://www.carpentertechnology.com/hubfs/Data%20Sheets/17-4%20Select.pdf", "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "elongation", "value": 15, "bound": "exact", "unit": "%", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "H900", "basis": "typical, elongation in 2 in (50.8 mm)", "form": "bar, cold finished" }, "method": "Typical mechanical properties table, elongation column", "status": "ground", "source": "carp-select", "where": "Typical mechanical properties table (H 900 row, elongation)", "source_detail": { "title": "Carpenter Technology: 17-4 SELECT data sheet", "id": "17-4 SELECT", "url": "https://www.carpentertechnology.com/hubfs/Data%20Sheets/17-4%20Select.pdf", "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "elongation", "value": 16, "bound": "exact", "unit": "%", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "H1025", "basis": "typical, elongation in 2 in (50.8 mm)", "form": "bar, cold finished" }, "method": "Typical mechanical properties table, elongation column", "status": "ground", "source": "carp-select", "where": "Typical mechanical properties table (H 1025 row, elongation)", "source_detail": { "title": "Carpenter Technology: 17-4 SELECT data sheet", "id": "17-4 SELECT", "url": "https://www.carpentertechnology.com/hubfs/Data%20Sheets/17-4%20Select.pdf", "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "elongation", "value": 20, "bound": "exact", "unit": "%", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "H1150", "basis": "typical, elongation in 2 in (50.8 mm)", "form": "bar, cold finished" }, "method": "Typical mechanical properties table, elongation column", "status": "ground", "source": "carp-select", "where": "Typical mechanical properties table (H 1150 row, elongation)", "source_detail": { "title": "Carpenter Technology: 17-4 SELECT data sheet", "id": "17-4 SELECT", "url": "https://www.carpentertechnology.com/hubfs/Data%20Sheets/17-4%20Select.pdf", "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "hardness_rockwell_c", "value": 36, "bound": "exact", "unit": "HRC", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "Condition A (annealed and cold finished)", "basis": "typical, room temperature, Brinell 352 as printed", "form": "bar, cold finished" }, "method": "Typical mechanical properties table, Rockwell C hardness column", "status": "ground", "source": "carp-select", "where": "Typical mechanical properties table (Hardness, Condition A row)", "source_detail": { "title": "Carpenter Technology: 17-4 SELECT data sheet", "id": "17-4 SELECT", "url": "https://www.carpentertechnology.com/hubfs/Data%20Sheets/17-4%20Select.pdf", "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "hardness_rockwell_c", "value": 44, "bound": "exact", "unit": "HRC", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "H900", "basis": "typical, room temperature, Brinell 420 as printed", "form": "bar, cold finished" }, "method": "Typical mechanical properties table, Rockwell C hardness column", "status": "ground", "source": "carp-select", "where": "Typical mechanical properties table (Hardness, H 900 row)", "source_detail": { "title": "Carpenter Technology: 17-4 SELECT data sheet", "id": "17-4 SELECT", "url": "https://www.carpentertechnology.com/hubfs/Data%20Sheets/17-4%20Select.pdf", "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "hardness_rockwell_c", "value": 38, "bound": "exact", "unit": "HRC", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "H1025", "basis": "typical, room temperature, Brinell 352 as printed", "form": "bar, cold finished" }, "method": "Typical mechanical properties table, Rockwell C hardness column", "status": "ground", "source": "carp-select", "where": "Typical mechanical properties table (Hardness, H 1025 row)", "source_detail": { "title": "Carpenter Technology: 17-4 SELECT data sheet", "id": "17-4 SELECT", "url": "https://www.carpentertechnology.com/hubfs/Data%20Sheets/17-4%20Select.pdf", "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "hardness_rockwell_c", "value": 33, "bound": "exact", "unit": "HRC", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "H1150", "basis": "typical, room temperature, Brinell 311 as printed", "form": "bar, cold finished" }, "method": "Typical mechanical properties table, Rockwell C hardness column", "status": "ground", "source": "carp-select", "where": "Typical mechanical properties table (Hardness, H 1150 row)", "source_detail": { "title": "Carpenter Technology: 17-4 SELECT data sheet", "id": "17-4 SELECT", "url": "https://www.carpentertechnology.com/hubfs/Data%20Sheets/17-4%20Select.pdf", "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "yield_strength", "value": 760, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "Condition A", "basis": "typical, room temperature, 0.2 percent offset", "form": "sheet, strip, plate and long products" }, "method": "Mechanical properties table, 0.2 percent offset yield strength in MPa row", "status": "ground", "source": "jacquet-174", "where": "Mechanical properties table (0.2 percent Offset Yield Strength, MPa, Condition A)", "source_detail": { "title": "Jacquet Metal Service: Technical Sheet 17-4 PH (630)", "id": "Technical_Sheet_17-4_PH", "url": "https://usa.myjacquet.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/55/2025/08/Technical_Sheet_17-4_PH.pdf", "year": 2025, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "yield_strength", "value": 1240, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "H900", "basis": "typical, room temperature, 0.2 percent offset", "form": "sheet, strip, plate and long products" }, "method": "Mechanical properties table, 0.2 percent offset yield strength in MPa row", "status": "ground", "source": "jacquet-174", "where": "Mechanical properties table (0.2 percent Offset Yield Strength, MPa, H 900)", "source_detail": { "title": "Jacquet Metal Service: Technical Sheet 17-4 PH (630)", "id": "Technical_Sheet_17-4_PH", "url": "https://usa.myjacquet.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/55/2025/08/Technical_Sheet_17-4_PH.pdf", "year": 2025, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "yield_strength", "value": 860, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "H1150", "basis": "typical, room temperature, 0.2 percent offset", "form": "sheet, strip, plate and long products" }, "method": "Mechanical properties table, 0.2 percent offset yield strength in MPa row", "status": "ground", "source": "jacquet-174", "where": "Mechanical properties table (0.2 percent Offset Yield Strength, MPa, H 1150)", "source_detail": { "title": "Jacquet Metal Service: Technical Sheet 17-4 PH (630)", "id": "Technical_Sheet_17-4_PH", "url": "https://usa.myjacquet.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/55/2025/08/Technical_Sheet_17-4_PH.pdf", "year": 2025, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength", "value": 1030, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "Condition A", "basis": "typical, room temperature", "form": "sheet, strip, plate and long products" }, "method": "Mechanical properties table, Ultimate Tensile Strength in MPa row", "status": "ground", "source": "jacquet-174", "where": "Mechanical properties table (Ultimate Tensile Strength, MPa, Condition A)", "source_detail": { "title": "Jacquet Metal Service: Technical Sheet 17-4 PH (630)", "id": "Technical_Sheet_17-4_PH", "url": "https://usa.myjacquet.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/55/2025/08/Technical_Sheet_17-4_PH.pdf", "year": 2025, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength", "value": 1340, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "H900", "basis": "typical, room temperature", "form": "sheet, strip, plate and long products" }, "method": "Mechanical properties table, Ultimate Tensile Strength in MPa row", "status": "ground", "source": "jacquet-174", "where": "Mechanical properties table (Ultimate Tensile Strength, MPa, H 900)", "source_detail": { "title": "Jacquet Metal Service: Technical Sheet 17-4 PH (630)", "id": "Technical_Sheet_17-4_PH", "url": "https://usa.myjacquet.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/55/2025/08/Technical_Sheet_17-4_PH.pdf", "year": 2025, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength", "value": 1000, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "H1150", "basis": "typical, room temperature", "form": "sheet, strip, plate and long products" }, "method": "Mechanical properties table, Ultimate Tensile Strength in MPa row", "status": "ground", "source": "jacquet-174", "where": "Mechanical properties table (Ultimate Tensile Strength, MPa, H 1150)", "source_detail": { "title": "Jacquet Metal Service: Technical Sheet 17-4 PH (630)", "id": "Technical_Sheet_17-4_PH", "url": "https://usa.myjacquet.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/55/2025/08/Technical_Sheet_17-4_PH.pdf", "year": 2025, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "elongation", "value": 8, "bound": "exact", "unit": "%", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "Condition A", "basis": "typical, elongation in 2 in", "form": "sheet, strip, plate and long products" }, "method": "Mechanical properties table, Elongation row, percentage in 2 in", "status": "ground", "source": "jacquet-174", "where": "Mechanical properties table (Elongation row, Condition A)", "source_detail": { "title": "Jacquet Metal Service: Technical Sheet 17-4 PH (630)", "id": "Technical_Sheet_17-4_PH", "url": "https://usa.myjacquet.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/55/2025/08/Technical_Sheet_17-4_PH.pdf", "year": 2025, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "elongation", "value": 10, "bound": "exact", "unit": "%", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "H900", "basis": "typical, elongation in 2 in", "form": "sheet, strip, plate and long products" }, "method": "Mechanical properties table, Elongation row, percentage in 2 in", "status": "ground", "source": "jacquet-174", "where": "Mechanical properties table (Elongation row, H 900)", "source_detail": { "title": "Jacquet Metal Service: Technical Sheet 17-4 PH (630)", "id": "Technical_Sheet_17-4_PH", "url": "https://usa.myjacquet.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/55/2025/08/Technical_Sheet_17-4_PH.pdf", "year": 2025, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "elongation", "value": 10, "bound": "exact", "unit": "%", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "H1150", "basis": "typical, elongation in 2 in", "form": "sheet, strip, plate and long products" }, "method": "Mechanical properties table, Elongation row, percentage in 2 in", "status": "ground", "source": "jacquet-174", "where": "Mechanical properties table (Elongation row, H 1150)", "source_detail": { "title": "Jacquet Metal Service: Technical Sheet 17-4 PH (630)", "id": "Technical_Sheet_17-4_PH", "url": "https://usa.myjacquet.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/55/2025/08/Technical_Sheet_17-4_PH.pdf", "year": 2025, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "yield_strength", "value": 1170, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "H900", "basis": "minimum, ASTM A564 bar table", "heat_treatment": "480 C, 1 h, air cool", "form": "bar and shapes" }, "method": "Minimum properties table, 0.2 percent proof stress MPa (min) column", "status": "ground", "source": "austral-174", "where": "Temper table, ASTM A564 Bar and Shapes (H900 row, proof stress MPa min)", "source_detail": { "title": "Austral Wright Metals: Product Data Sheet, Stainless Steel Alloy 17-4PH", "id": "stainless-steel-alloy-17-4ph", "url": "https://www.australwright.com.au/technical-data/alloys/stainless-steel/stainless-steel-alloy-17-4ph/", "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "yield_strength", "value": 1000, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "H1025", "basis": "minimum, ASTM A564 bar table", "heat_treatment": "550 C, 4 h, air cool", "form": "bar and shapes" }, "method": "Minimum properties table, 0.2 percent proof stress MPa (min) column", "status": "ground", "source": "austral-174", "where": "Temper table, ASTM A564 Bar and Shapes (H1025 row, proof stress MPa min)", "source_detail": { "title": "Austral Wright Metals: Product Data Sheet, Stainless Steel Alloy 17-4PH", "id": "stainless-steel-alloy-17-4ph", "url": "https://www.australwright.com.au/technical-data/alloys/stainless-steel/stainless-steel-alloy-17-4ph/", "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "yield_strength", "value": 725, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "H1150", "basis": "minimum, ASTM A564 bar table", "heat_treatment": "620 C, 4 h, air cool", "form": "bar and shapes" }, "method": "Minimum properties table, 0.2 percent proof stress MPa (min) column", "status": "ground", "source": "austral-174", "where": "Temper table, ASTM A564 Bar and Shapes (H1150 row, proof stress MPa min)", "source_detail": { "title": "Austral Wright Metals: Product Data Sheet, Stainless Steel Alloy 17-4PH", "id": "stainless-steel-alloy-17-4ph", "url": "https://www.australwright.com.au/technical-data/alloys/stainless-steel/stainless-steel-alloy-17-4ph/", "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength", "value": 1310, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "H900", "basis": "minimum, ASTM A564 bar table", "heat_treatment": "480 C, 1 h, air cool", "form": "bar and shapes" }, "method": "Minimum properties table, tensile strength MPa (min) column", "status": "ground", "source": "austral-174", "where": "Temper table, ASTM A564 Bar and Shapes (H900 row, tensile MPa min)", "source_detail": { "title": "Austral Wright Metals: Product Data Sheet, Stainless Steel Alloy 17-4PH", "id": "stainless-steel-alloy-17-4ph", "url": "https://www.australwright.com.au/technical-data/alloys/stainless-steel/stainless-steel-alloy-17-4ph/", "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength", "value": 1070, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "H1025", "basis": "minimum, ASTM A564 bar table", "heat_treatment": "550 C, 4 h, air cool", "form": "bar and shapes" }, "method": "Minimum properties table, tensile strength MPa (min) column", "status": "ground", "source": "austral-174", "where": "Temper table, ASTM A564 Bar and Shapes (H1025 row, tensile MPa min)", "source_detail": { "title": "Austral Wright Metals: Product Data Sheet, Stainless Steel Alloy 17-4PH", "id": "stainless-steel-alloy-17-4ph", "url": "https://www.australwright.com.au/technical-data/alloys/stainless-steel/stainless-steel-alloy-17-4ph/", "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength", "value": 930, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "H1150", "basis": "minimum, ASTM A564 bar table", "heat_treatment": "620 C, 4 h, air cool", "form": "bar and shapes" }, "method": "Minimum properties table, tensile strength MPa (min) column", "status": "ground", "source": "austral-174", "where": "Temper table, ASTM A564 Bar and Shapes (H1150 row, tensile MPa min)", "source_detail": { "title": "Austral Wright Metals: Product Data Sheet, Stainless Steel Alloy 17-4PH", "id": "stainless-steel-alloy-17-4ph", "url": "https://www.australwright.com.au/technical-data/alloys/stainless-steel/stainless-steel-alloy-17-4ph/", "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "elongation", "value": 10, "bound": "exact", "unit": "%", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "H900", "basis": "minimum, ASTM A564 bar table", "form": "bar and shapes" }, "method": "Minimum properties table, elongation percent (min) column", "status": "ground", "source": "austral-174", "where": "Temper table, ASTM A564 Bar and Shapes (H900 row, elongation min)", "source_detail": { "title": "Austral Wright Metals: Product Data Sheet, Stainless Steel Alloy 17-4PH", "id": "stainless-steel-alloy-17-4ph", "url": "https://www.australwright.com.au/technical-data/alloys/stainless-steel/stainless-steel-alloy-17-4ph/", "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "elongation", "value": 12, "bound": "exact", "unit": "%", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "H1025", "basis": "minimum, ASTM A564 bar table", "form": "bar and shapes" }, "method": "Minimum properties table, elongation percent (min) column", "status": "ground", "source": "austral-174", "where": "Temper table, ASTM A564 Bar and Shapes (H1025 row, elongation min)", "source_detail": { "title": "Austral Wright Metals: Product Data Sheet, Stainless Steel Alloy 17-4PH", "id": "stainless-steel-alloy-17-4ph", "url": "https://www.australwright.com.au/technical-data/alloys/stainless-steel/stainless-steel-alloy-17-4ph/", "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "elongation", "value": 16, "bound": "exact", "unit": "%", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "H1150", "basis": "minimum, ASTM A564 bar table", "form": "bar and shapes" }, "method": "Minimum properties table, elongation percent (min) column", "status": "ground", "source": "austral-174", "where": "Temper table, ASTM A564 Bar and Shapes (H1150 row, elongation min)", "source_detail": { "title": "Austral Wright Metals: Product Data Sheet, Stainless Steel Alloy 17-4PH", "id": "stainless-steel-alloy-17-4ph", "url": "https://www.australwright.com.au/technical-data/alloys/stainless-steel/stainless-steel-alloy-17-4ph/", "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "hardness_rockwell_c", "value": 40, "bound": "exact", "unit": "HRC", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "H900", "basis": "minimum, ASTM A564 bar table", "form": "bar and shapes" }, "method": "Minimum properties table, Hardness Rockwell C (min) column", "status": "ground", "source": "austral-174", "where": "Temper table, ASTM A564 Bar and Shapes (H900 row, Rockwell C min)", "source_detail": { "title": "Austral Wright Metals: Product Data Sheet, Stainless Steel Alloy 17-4PH", "id": "stainless-steel-alloy-17-4ph", "url": "https://www.australwright.com.au/technical-data/alloys/stainless-steel/stainless-steel-alloy-17-4ph/", "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "hardness_rockwell_c", "value": 35, "bound": "exact", "unit": "HRC", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "H1025", "basis": "minimum, ASTM A564 bar table", "form": "bar and shapes" }, "method": "Minimum properties table, Hardness Rockwell C (min) column", "status": "ground", "source": "austral-174", "where": "Temper table, ASTM A564 Bar and Shapes (H1025 row, Rockwell C min)", "source_detail": { "title": "Austral Wright Metals: Product Data Sheet, Stainless Steel Alloy 17-4PH", "id": "stainless-steel-alloy-17-4ph", "url": "https://www.australwright.com.au/technical-data/alloys/stainless-steel/stainless-steel-alloy-17-4ph/", "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "hardness_rockwell_c", "value": 28, "bound": "exact", "unit": "HRC", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "H1150", "basis": "minimum, ASTM A564 bar table", "form": "bar and shapes" }, "method": "Minimum properties table, Hardness Rockwell C (min) column", "status": "ground", "source": "austral-174", "where": "Temper table, ASTM A564 Bar and Shapes (H1150 row, Rockwell C min)", "source_detail": { "title": "Austral Wright Metals: Product Data Sheet, Stainless Steel Alloy 17-4PH", "id": "stainless-steel-alloy-17-4ph", "url": "https://www.australwright.com.au/technical-data/alloys/stainless-steel/stainless-steel-alloy-17-4ph/", "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "charpy_impact_energy", "value": 20, "bound": "exact", "unit": "J", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "H1025", "basis": "minimum, ASTM A564 bar table, Charpy V-notch", "form": "bar and shapes" }, "method": "Minimum properties table, Impact Charpy VJ (min) column", "status": "ground", "source": "austral-174", "where": "Temper table, ASTM A564 Bar and Shapes (H1025 row, Charpy VJ min)", "source_detail": { "title": "Austral Wright Metals: Product Data Sheet, Stainless Steel Alloy 17-4PH", "id": "stainless-steel-alloy-17-4ph", "url": "https://www.australwright.com.au/technical-data/alloys/stainless-steel/stainless-steel-alloy-17-4ph/", "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "charpy_impact_energy", "value": 41, "bound": "exact", "unit": "J", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "H1150", "basis": "minimum, ASTM A564 bar table, Charpy V-notch", "form": "bar and shapes" }, "method": "Minimum properties table, Impact Charpy VJ (min) column", "status": "ground", "source": "austral-174", "where": "Temper table, ASTM A564 Bar and Shapes (H1150 row, Charpy VJ min)", "source_detail": { "title": "Austral Wright Metals: Product Data Sheet, Stainless Steel Alloy 17-4PH", "id": "stainless-steel-alloy-17-4ph", "url": "https://www.australwright.com.au/technical-data/alloys/stainless-steel/stainless-steel-alloy-17-4ph/", "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "elongation", "value": 5, "bound": "exact", "unit": "%", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "H900", "basis": "minimum, wire datasheet", "form": "wire" }, "method": "Heat treat capabilities (aged) table, elongation min", "status": "ground", "source": "ulbrich-wire", "where": "Heat Treat Capabilities (Aged), H900 elongation min", "source_detail": { "title": "Ulbrich Stainless Steels: 17-4 PH UNS S17400 wire datasheet", "id": "Stainless-Steel-17-4PH-Wire-UNS-S17400-Wire", "url": "https://ulbrich.com/uploads/data-sheets/Stainless-Steel-17-4PH-Wire-UNS-S17400-Wire.pdf", "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "elongation", "value": 5, "bound": "exact", "unit": "%", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "H1025", "basis": "minimum, wire datasheet", "form": "wire" }, "method": "Heat treat capabilities (aged) table, elongation min", "status": "ground", "source": "ulbrich-wire", "where": "Heat Treat Capabilities (Aged), H1025 elongation min", "source_detail": { "title": "Ulbrich Stainless Steels: 17-4 PH UNS S17400 wire datasheet", "id": "Stainless-Steel-17-4PH-Wire-UNS-S17400-Wire", "url": "https://ulbrich.com/uploads/data-sheets/Stainless-Steel-17-4PH-Wire-UNS-S17400-Wire.pdf", "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } }, { "benchmark": "elongation", "value": 8, "bound": "exact", "unit": "%", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "condition": "H1150", "basis": "minimum, wire datasheet", "form": "wire" }, "method": "Heat treat capabilities (aged) table, elongation min", "status": "ground", "source": "ulbrich-wire", "where": "Heat Treat Capabilities (Aged), H1150 elongation min", "source_detail": { "title": "Ulbrich Stainless Steels: 17-4 PH UNS S17400 wire datasheet", "id": "Stainless-Steel-17-4PH-Wire-UNS-S17400-Wire", "url": "https://ulbrich.com/uploads/data-sheets/Stainless-Steel-17-4PH-Wire-UNS-S17400-Wire.pdf", "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" } } ], "corrosion": [ { "environment": "Sea water", "headline": "Carpenter rates sea water as Restricted on its four-level comparative scale.", "effect": "On Carpenter's comparative scale (Excellent, Good, Moderate, Restricted) sea water is Restricted for 17-4 SELECT, which carries the same UNS S17400 type. The scale is for comparison only and says corrosion testing is recommended. The site rating is mapped as Restricted to severe.", "rating": "severe", "conditions": { "medium": "sea water", "scale": "Carpenter comparative rating" }, "source": "carp-select", "where": "Corrosion resistance, comparative rating table (Sea Water row)" }, { "environment": "Salt spray (NaCl)", "headline": "Carpenter rates salt spray as Good.", "effect": "On Carpenter's comparative scale the salt spray entry for 17-4 SELECT is Good, mapped here to low.", "rating": "low", "conditions": { "medium": "salt spray (NaCl)", "scale": "Carpenter comparative rating" }, "source": "carp-select", "where": "Corrosion resistance, comparative rating table (Salt Spray row)" }, { "environment": "Humidity", "headline": "Carpenter rates humidity as Excellent.", "effect": "On Carpenter's comparative scale the humidity entry for 17-4 SELECT is Excellent, mapped here to low.", "rating": "low", "conditions": { "medium": "humid air", "scale": "Carpenter comparative rating" }, "source": "carp-select", "where": "Corrosion resistance, comparative rating table (Humidity row)" }, { "environment": "Nitric acid", "headline": "Carpenter rates nitric acid as Good.", "effect": "Carpenter's comparative table gives 17-4 SELECT a Good rating in nitric acid, mapped here to low. The table says factors such as temperature, concentration and pH change the result.", "rating": "low", "conditions": { "medium": "nitric acid", "scale": "Carpenter comparative rating" }, "source": "carp-select", "where": "Corrosion resistance, comparative rating table (Nitric Acid row)" }, { "environment": "Sulfuric acid", "headline": "Carpenter rates sulfuric acid as Restricted.", "effect": "Carpenter's comparative table gives 17-4 SELECT a Restricted rating in sulfuric acid, mapped here to severe.", "rating": "severe", "conditions": { "medium": "sulfuric acid", "scale": "Carpenter comparative rating" }, "source": "carp-select", "where": "Corrosion resistance, comparative rating table (Sulfuric Acid row)" }, { "environment": "Sour oil and gas", "headline": "Carpenter rates sour oil and gas as Restricted.", "effect": "Carpenter's comparative table rates sour oil and gas as Restricted for 17-4 SELECT, mapped here to severe. Use the NACE-listed aged conditions for sour service (see the mitigations).", "rating": "severe", "conditions": { "medium": "sour oil and gas", "scale": "Carpenter comparative rating" }, "source": "carp-select", "where": "Corrosion resistance, comparative rating table (Sour Oil/Gas row)" }, { "environment": "Sea coast atmosphere and salt water service", "headline": "Sea coast air causes slow light rusting and pitting; salt water use relies on cathodic protection.", "effect": "Austral Wright says 17-4PH develops overall light rusting and pitting slowly in sea coast atmospheres, and that it is used successfully in salt water as boat shafting with cathodic protection.", "rating": "unknown", "conditions": { "medium": "sea coast atmosphere; salt water with cathodic protection" }, "source": "austral-174", "where": "Corrosion resistance text (sea coast atmospheres; boat shafting)" }, { "environment": "Crevice corrosion in stagnant salt water", "headline": "Crevice corrosion can occur in stagnant salt water.", "effect": "Wikipedia says 17-4 is susceptible to crevice corrosion in stagnant salt water, and that its corrosion resistance and machinability are comparable to 304.", "rating": "unknown", "conditions": { "medium": "stagnant salt water in crevices" }, "source": "wiki-174", "where": "Introduction (corrosion resistance and crevice corrosion statement)" }, { "environment": "General corrosion in most media", "headline": "Corrosion resistance is comparable to Type 304 in most media and superior to the 400 series.", "effect": "Jacquet states that corrosion resistance is comparable to Type 304 stainless steel in most media and superior to the hardenable 400 series stainless steels. Carpenter's card describes the corrosion resistance as moderate.", "rating": "low", "conditions": { "medium": "most media" }, "source": "jacquet-174", "where": "Corrosion resistance section" }, { "environment": "Peak-aged material in chloride service", "headline": "Peak-aged material is more susceptible to stress corrosion cracking.", "effect": "Jacquet says 17-4 is more susceptible to stress corrosion cracking at peak strength. Where chloride stress corrosion cracking is possible, the alloy should be precipitation hardened to the lowest hardness compatible with the use, by heat treating at the highest temperature that still gives the minimum properties.", "rating": "unknown", "conditions": { "condition": "H900 and other peak-aged conditions", "medium": "chloride" }, "source": "jacquet-174", "where": "Corrosion resistance section (stress corrosion cracking at peak strength)" }, { "environment": "Hardening temperature and stress corrosion cracking", "headline": "Good stress corrosion resistance comes from hardening at 1025 F (552 C) or higher.", "effect": "Carpenter says good resistance to stress corrosion cracking is gained by hardening at 1025 F (552 C) and higher, and that 17-4 SELECT withstood corrosive attack better than the 400 series hardenable stainless steels.", "rating": "unknown", "conditions": { "temperature": "1025 F (552 C) and higher for aging" }, "source": "carp-select", "where": "Corrosion resistance text (stress corrosion cracking paragraph)" }, { "environment": "Overaged condition and stress corrosion cracking", "headline": "Overaging improves resistance to stress corrosion cracking.", "effect": "Wikipedia says overaging, meaning aging beyond the peak strength condition, improves resistance to stress corrosion cracking.", "rating": "unknown", "conditions": { "condition": "overaged (beyond peak strength)" }, "source": "wiki-174", "where": "Introduction (overaging statement)" }, { "environment": "Annealed (untempered martensite) material", "headline": "Annealed material is more sensitive to hydrogen embrittlement and chloride cracking than aged material.", "effect": "Jacquet says annealed 17-4 has untempered martensite, which may fail by unpredictable brittle fracture and is more sensitive to hydrogen embrittlement and chloride stress corrosion cracking than aged material.", "rating": "unknown", "conditions": { "condition": "Condition A (annealed)" }, "source": "jacquet-174", "where": "Corrosion resistance section (untempered martensite)" }, { "environment": "Sour (NACE) service", "headline": "H1150M and DH1150 are stocked for NACE service.", "effect": "voestalpine says it stocks several conditions of 17-4, including H1150M and DH1150, for NACE service. The page gives no crack threshold data.", "rating": "unknown", "conditions": { "condition": "H1150M and DH1150 (double-aged)" }, "source": "voest-174", "where": "Product page (Stocking the following conditions; NACE service)" } ], "risks": { "hazards": [ { "text": "PubChem aggregated GHS for elemental nickel (Danger): H317 May cause an allergic skin reaction; H351 Suspected of causing cancer; H372 Causes damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure; H412 Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects. The record covers the element, not the 17-4 PH alloy.", "ghs": [ "H317", "H351", "H372", "H412" ], "source": "pubchem-nickel", "where": "Safety and Hazards, GHS Classification (aggregated statements)" }, { "text": "PubChem GHS for elemental chromium (Danger): H317 May cause an allergic skin reaction; H319 Causes serious eye irritation; H334 May cause allergy or asthma symptoms or breathing difficulties if inhaled. PubChem reports that it does not meet GHS criteria in 50 percent of 2,404 reports.", "ghs": [ "H317", "H319", "H334" ], "source": "pubchem-chromium", "where": "Safety and Hazards, GHS Classification (aggregated statements)" }, { "text": "PubChem GHS for elemental copper (Warning): H400 Very toxic to aquatic life; H410 Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects. PubChem reports that it does not meet GHS criteria in 52.5 percent of 3,463 reports.", "ghs": [ "H400", "H410" ], "source": "pubchem-copper", "where": "Safety and Hazards, GHS Classification (aggregated statements)" }, { "text": "No safety data sheet for the 17-4 PH alloy was read in this run. The three PubChem records above cover the elements, not the finished alloy.", "ghs": [], "source": "pubchem-nickel", "where": "Not applicable (gap note)" } ], "failure_risks": [ { "mode": "Stress corrosion cracking at peak strength", "trigger": "Chloride or other corrosive exposure with H900 or other peak-aged material under tensile stress", "consequence": "Brittle cracking in service; Jacquet says to age to the lowest hardness compatible with the use", "severity": "high", "source": "jacquet-174", "where": "Corrosion resistance section" }, { "mode": "Brittle fracture of material left in the annealed condition", "trigger": "Service or fabrication in Condition A (annealed) without an aging treatment", "consequence": "Untempered martensite may fail unpredictably and is more sensitive to hydrogen embrittlement and chloride cracking", "severity": "high", "source": "jacquet-174", "where": "Corrosion resistance section; Heat treatment section" }, { "mode": "Crevice and pitting corrosion in salt water", "trigger": "Stagnant salt water, crevices, or sea coast atmosphere", "consequence": "Crevice corrosion in stagnant salt water; slow light rusting and pitting in sea coast air", "severity": "moderate", "source": "wiki-174", "where": "Introduction (crevice corrosion statement)" }, { "mode": "Cracking during plasma torch cutting", "trigger": "Plasma torch cutting of material in the as-annealed condition, especially plate thicker than about 1 inch (25.4 mm)", "consequence": "Cracks that may propagate far into the base metal", "severity": "moderate", "source": "jacquet-174", "where": "Cutting section" }, { "mode": "Loss of strength from overaging", "trigger": "Aging above the specified temperature or for too long", "consequence": "The precipitation reaction passes peak strength, so strength and hardness fall", "severity": "moderate", "source": "jacquet-174", "where": "Heat treatment section (precipitation hardening past peak strength)" } ], "side_effects": [], "handling": [ { "text": "Do not put annealed (Condition A) material into service; age it to a specified H condition first.", "source": "jacquet-174", "where": "Corrosion resistance section; Heat treatment section" }, { "text": "Choose the aging temperature for stress corrosion as well as strength. Hardening at 1025 F (552 C) or higher gives good stress corrosion resistance.", "source": "carp-select", "where": "Corrosion resistance section" }, { "text": "Severe cold working should be done in the H1150 condition, and the part should be re-aged after cold forming.", "source": "austral-174", "where": "Fabrication section" }, { "text": "Multipass welds must be solution annealed before aging; single-pass welds are precipitation hardened after welding.", "source": "austral-174", "where": "Weldability text" }, { "text": "Oxyacetylene welding is not recommended because carbon pick-up can occur in the weld; use a 17-4PH type filler.", "source": "steelforge-174", "where": "Weldability section" }, { "text": "Before plasma torch cutting, age the material at 1150 F (621 C) or higher to lower the cracking risk, then re-solution anneal and re-age after machining.", "source": "jacquet-174", "where": "Cutting section" }, { "text": "Avoid protective atmospheres containing carbon or nitrogen during heat treatment; they can soften the surface.", "source": "austral-174", "where": "Heat treatment text" } ], "mitigations": [ { "text": "For NACE sour service, use the H1150M or double-aged DH1150 conditions, which voestalpine stocks for that service.", "source": "voest-174", "where": "Product page (NACE service conditions)" }, { "text": "Clean and passivate after fabrication, and remove scale, lubricants and drawing coatings, which Carpenter says matter for corrosion resistance.", "source": "carp-select", "where": "Corrosion resistance section" }, { "text": "Overaging, meaning aging beyond the peak strength condition, improves resistance to stress corrosion cracking.", "source": "wiki-174", "where": "Introduction (overaging statement)" } ] }, "uses": [ { "application": "structures", "device": "Aircraft and missile fittings", "example": "Carpenter lists aircraft and missile fittings among the applications for 17-4 SELECT, a controlled-residual-stress variant of the UNS S17400 type.", "source": "carp-select", "where": "Applications list" }, { "application": "mechanisms", "device": "Bolts and fasteners", "example": "Austral Wright lists high-strength bolting and fasteners in aerospace and chemical plant applications, and boat propeller shafts. Jacquet lists AMS 7474 bolts.", "source": "austral-174", "where": "Typical Applications text" }, { "application": "propulsion-and-tanks", "device": "Jet engine stator vanes", "example": "Ulbrich lists jet engine stator vanes among the applications for its 17-4 PH wire, and Steelforge lists jet engine parts.", "source": "ulbrich-wire", "where": "Applications list" }, { "application": "mechanisms", "device": "Pump shafts, valve parts and rotors", "example": "voestalpine lists valves, pump shafts and rotors as applications. Steelforge lists oil field valve parts, pump shafts and gears.", "source": "voest-174", "where": "Applications list" } ], "supply": [ { "subject": "Nickel production by country (world mine, 2025 estimate)", "abundance": "World mine production 3,900,000 t in 2025 (estimated); world reserves more than 140,000,000 t, of which Indonesia 62,000,000 t (USGS 2026).", "producers": [ { "country": "Indonesia", "share_percent": 66.7, "year": 2025 }, { "country": "Philippines", "share_percent": 6.9, "year": 2025 }, { "country": "Russia", "share_percent": 5.1, "year": 2025 }, { "country": "New Caledonia", "share_percent": 3.6, "year": 2025 }, { "country": "Canada", "share_percent": 3.6, "year": 2025 }, { "country": "China", "share_percent": 3.1, "year": 2025 } ], "critical_lists": [], "recycling": "Nickel recovered from scrap accounted for about 60% of US apparent consumption in 2025; most secondary nickel is stainless-steel scrap.", "substitutes": [ "Low-nickel, duplex or ultrahigh-chromium stainless steels replace austenitic grades in construction", "Titanium alloys can substitute for nickel or nickel-base alloys in corrosive environments" ], "source": "usgs-nickel-2026", "where": "Salient Statistics; World Mine Production and Reserves; Recycling; Substitutes" }, { "subject": "Nickel use in the United States", "abundance": "Stainless and alloy steel and nickel-containing alloys typically account for more than 85% of domestic consumption. US net import reliance 41% of apparent consumption in 2025 (estimated).", "producers": [], "critical_lists": [], "recycling": "Recycled nickel 60% of US apparent consumption in 2025.", "substitutes": [], "source": "usgs-nickel-2026", "where": "Domestic Production and Use; Salient Statistics (net import reliance)" }, { "subject": "Chromium production by country (world mine, 2025 estimate)", "abundance": "World mine production 51,000 thousand t gross weight in 2025 (estimated); world resources greater than 12 billion t of shipping-grade chromite, with 95% of chromium resources in Kazakhstan and southern Africa.", "producers": [ { "country": "South Africa", "share_percent": 45.1, "year": 2025 }, { "country": "Turkey", "share_percent": 17.6, "year": 2025 }, { "country": "Kazakhstan", "share_percent": 13.7, "year": 2025 }, { "country": "India", "share_percent": 5.9, "year": 2025 }, { "country": "Brazil", "share_percent": 3.9, "year": 2025 }, { "country": "Zimbabwe", "share_percent": 3.9, "year": 2025 } ], "critical_lists": [], "recycling": "Recycled chromium in stainless-steel scrap receipts was 21% of US apparent consumption in 2025.", "substitutes": [ "Chromium has no substitute in stainless steel, the leading end use" ], "source": "usgs-chromium-2026", "where": "World Mine Production and Reserves; World Resources; Substitutes; Recycling" }, { "subject": "Chromium import reliance", "abundance": "US net import reliance 79% of apparent consumption in 2025 (estimated).", "producers": [], "critical_lists": [], "recycling": "", "substitutes": [], "source": "usgs-chromium-2026", "where": "Salient Statistics (net import reliance)" }, { "subject": "Copper production by country (world mine, 2025 estimate)", "abundance": "World mine production 23,000 thousand t in 2025 (estimated); world reserves 980,000 thousand t (USGS 2026).", "producers": [ { "country": "Chile", "share_percent": 23, "year": 2025 }, { "country": "Congo (Kinshasa)", "share_percent": 13.9, "year": 2025 }, { "country": "Peru", "share_percent": 11.7, "year": 2025 }, { "country": "China", "share_percent": 7.8, "year": 2025 }, { "country": "Russia", "share_percent": 5.7, "year": 2025 } ], "critical_lists": [ { "list": "U.S. Final 2025 List of Critical Minerals (Federal Register, 7 November 2025)", "listed": true } ], "recycling": "Old scrap converted to refined metal provided about 160,000 t of copper in 2025, and copper from scrap contributed about 30% of US supply.", "substitutes": [ "Aluminum substitutes for copper in electrical equipment and power cable; titanium and steel are used in heat exchangers" ], "source": "usgs-copper-2026", "where": "World Mine and Refinery Production; Recycling; Critical minerals text; Substitutes" }, { "subject": "Copper use and import reliance in the United States", "abundance": "US net import reliance 57% of apparent consumption in 2025 (estimated). Building construction takes 42% of copper and copper alloy products, electrical and electronic products 23%.", "producers": [], "critical_lists": [], "recycling": "", "substitutes": [], "source": "usgs-copper-2026", "where": "Domestic Production and Use; Salient Statistics (net import reliance)" } ], "media": [], "documents": [ { "title": "Jacquet Metal Service: Technical Sheet 17-4 PH (630), AMS 5604, AMS 5643, ASTM A564", "type": "datasheet", "url": "https://usa.myjacquet.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/55/2025/08/Technical_Sheet_17-4_PH.pdf", "year": 2025 }, { "title": "Carpenter Technology: 17-4 SELECT data sheet, UNS S17400 type", "type": "datasheet", "url": "https://www.carpentertechnology.com/hubfs/Data%20Sheets/17-4%20Select.pdf" }, { "title": "Carpenter Technology: Custom 630 (17-4) alloy card", "type": "datasheet", "url": "https://www.carpentertechnology.com/hubfs/Alloy%20Cards/Custom_630_(17-4)_snapshot.pdf", "year": 2024 }, { "title": "Austral Wright Metals: Product Data Sheet, Stainless Steel Alloy 17-4PH (UNS S17400)", "type": "datasheet", "url": "https://www.australwright.com.au/technical-data/alloys/stainless-steel/stainless-steel-alloy-17-4ph/" }, { "title": "United Performance Metals: Datasheet for 17-4 PH stainless steel (AMS 5604, 5643)", "type": "datasheet", "url": "https://www.upmet.com/sites/default/files/datasheets/17-4-ph.pdf", "year": 2026 }, { "title": "Ulbrich Stainless Steels: 17-4 PH UNS S17400 wire datasheet", "type": "datasheet", "url": "https://ulbrich.com/uploads/data-sheets/Stainless-Steel-17-4PH-Wire-UNS-S17400-Wire.pdf" }, { "title": "AircraftMaterials.com: Stainless Steel 17-4PH (AMS 5643) technical data sheet", "type": "datasheet", "url": "https://aircraftmaterials.com/data/alstst/alstst/ams5643.html" }, { "title": "voestalpine Specialty Metals UK: 17-4PH (UNS S17400) product page", "type": "datasheet", "url": "https://www.voestalpine.com/specialtymetals/uk/en/17-4ph-uns-s17400/" }, { "title": "USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026: Nickel", "type": "report", "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-nickel.pdf", "year": 2026 }, { "title": "USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026: Chromium", "type": "report", "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-chromium.pdf", "year": 2026 }, { "title": "USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026: Copper", "type": "report", "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-copper.pdf", "year": 2026 }, { "title": "PubChem: Nickel (CID 935), Safety and Hazards, GHS Classification", "type": "database", "url": "https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/935", "year": 2026 }, { "title": "PubChem: Chromium (CID 23976), Safety and Hazards, GHS Classification", "type": "database", "url": "https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/23976", "year": 2026 }, { "title": "PubChem: Copper (CID 23978), Safety and Hazards, GHS Classification", "type": "database", "url": "https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/23978", "year": 2026 } ], "gaps": [ "No fracture toughness (K_IC) value and no Charpy value for H900 or H1150 in the wrought datasheets were read in this run. Charpy values are kept only for H1025 and H1150 (ASTM A564 bar minimums).", "No fatigue strength, creep or elevated-temperature strength value was read.", "The NACE MR0175 and ISO 15156 hardness limit for 17-4 PH (34 to 35 HRC) and the 2020 AMPP sour-gas cracking threshold (45 to 60 percent of SMYS) were seen only in search snippets. Neither page could be read, so neither value is in the file.", "No NASA or ESA report on 17-4 PH was found in this run, so the uses come from supplier and Carpenter sources, not from a space qualification record.", "The Carpenter Custom 630 full datasheet (ASM Alloy Digest SS-258) needs a login and was not read.", "Atlas Steels, the AMPP store page, the DTIC AD0854108 report and the OSTI MR0175 page could not be fetched or were blocked, so they are not used. The Fagersta sheet was read but has no numeric values for this grade.", "The hazard records are for the elements nickel, chromium and copper. No safety data sheet for the 17-4 PH alloy was read.", "Nickel and chromium are not shown on a critical minerals list in the USGS text read. Copper is on the US 2025 list. The EU critical raw materials list was not read.", "USGS shares are mine production only and are computed from printed tonnage. Refinery and smelting shares were not read.", "Sources differ and each value keeps its own source: specific heat 419 J/kg.K (Carpenter) and 460 J/kg.K (Upmet); annealed CTE 11.3 (Jacquet) and 11.2 (Upmet); annealed hardness 36 HRC (Carpenter) and 33 HRC (Jacquet, not used).", "hardness_rockwell_c and charpy_impact_energy are not names in property-canon, so they are kept as snake_case names.", "Elongation depends on product form: wire minimums are 5 to 8 percent and bar minimums are 10 to 16 percent. Each row names its form.", "Austral Wright electrical resistivity values have unclear units, so only the Jacquet values are used.", "No fetched source gives a space environment for this alloy, so the environment tags are empty.", "No DIN designation is printed on the stockist and manufacturer pages read in this run, so none is listed under identity.designations.", "Left out of designations because they name other products, not this grade. These are AMS 5825 and AMS 5827 (welding filler metal), AWS E630 and ER630 (filler metal), CB-7Cu-1 (ASTM A747, which Austral Wright calls the cast equivalent, not the same grade), and Custom 630 (17-4) Project 70+ and 15Cr-5Ni (similar alloys in the Carpenter card)." ], "story": { "why": "17-4 PH gives high strength from a simple one-step aging treatment, with corrosion resistance close to Type 304 in most media (Jacquet). Its weak point is that the highest strength comes with the greatest risk of stress corrosion cracking, so the aging condition is chosen for the environment as well as the load.", "uses": [ { "where": "Aircraft and missile fittings", "line": "Carpenter lists aircraft and missile fittings for its 17-4 SELECT variant, and Steelforge lists forged aircraft fittings." }, { "where": "Bolts and fasteners", "line": "Austral Wright lists high-strength bolting and fasteners in aerospace and chemical plant use, and Jacquet lists AMS 7474 bolts." }, { "where": "Jet engine and pump parts", "line": "Ulbrich lists jet engine stator vanes, voestalpine lists pump shafts and rotors, and Steelforge lists valve parts and pump shafts." }, { "where": "Chemical, food and medical equipment", "line": "Ulbrich lists chemical, petrochemical and food processing equipment and surgical instruments, and Wikipedia lists medical devices and firearms." } ], "can_do": [ { "label": "Strength", "line": "Minimum yield is 1170 MPa in H900 and 725 MPa in H1150 for ASTM A564 bar (Austral Wright). Typical yield for cold-finished bar is 1262 MPa in H900 (Carpenter).", "benchmark": "yield_strength", "scope": "material" }, { "label": "Stiffness", "line": "Elastic modulus is 196 GPa in all conditions (Jacquet), and Austral Wright prints 200 to 201 GPa in tension.", "benchmark": "elastic_modulus", "scope": "material" }, { "label": "Hardness", "line": "Typical hardness is 44 HRC in H900 and 33 HRC in H1150 for cold-finished bar (Carpenter). Minimum hardness is 40 HRC in H900 (Austral Wright).", "benchmark": "hardness_rockwell_c", "scope": "material" }, { "label": "Heat", "line": "High strength is kept to about 316 C (600 F) (Jacquet).", "benchmark": "max_service_temp", "scope": "material" } ], "compare": "Jacquet says the corrosion resistance of 17-4 PH is comparable to Type 304 in most media and superior to the hardenable 400 series. Carpenter says its 17-4 SELECT variant approaches Type 304 in most corrodents and is better than the 400 series, while Carpenter's card calls the corrosion resistance moderate. Jacquet also says H900 gives the highest strength of this family, slightly below other precipitation-hardening grades that need more heat-treatment steps.", "compare_rows": [ { "label": "Yield strength", "benchmark": "yield_strength", "scope": "material" }, { "label": "Elastic modulus", "benchmark": "elastic_modulus", "scope": "material" }, { "label": "Melting range", "benchmark": "melting_point", "scope": "material" } ], "handling": [ "Do not use annealed (Condition A) material in service. Age it to a specified H condition first (Jacquet).", "Choose the aging temperature for stress corrosion as well as strength. Hardening at 1025 F (552 C) or higher gives good stress corrosion resistance (Carpenter).", "Weld with matching filler and solution anneal multipass welds before aging (Austral Wright). Avoid oxyacetylene welding (Steelforge)." ], "good_for": [ "Fittings, fasteners and shafts where strength matters and exposure is mild, such as rural and mild industrial air (Austral Wright).", "Parts that can be aged to H1150 or double-aged for NACE sour service (voestalpine)." ], "watch_out": [ "Peak-aged H900 material is most prone to stress corrosion cracking. Age higher when chloride or sour service is possible (Jacquet; Carpenter).", "Crevice corrosion in stagnant salt water, and Restricted for sea water in Carpenter's table (Wikipedia; Carpenter).", "Annealed material is brittle and should not be used. Plasma torch cutting can crack it (Jacquet)." ], "verdict": "17-4 PH is the strong, moderately corrosion-resistant choice when a one-step age can set the strength. The aging condition is the design decision: H900 gives the most strength and the most stress corrosion risk, and H1150 gives more toughness and margin. For sea water or sour service, choose an overaged or NACE-listed condition and check the data for that condition.", "recipe": { "line": "17-4 PH is an iron-based martensitic precipitation-hardening stainless steel, UNS S17400 (AISI 630), made to the composition limits in the identity record with iron as the balance. It is supplied in the annealed condition, after a high-temperature solution treatment. One aging step at 480 to 620 C (900 to 1150 F) precipitates a copper-based phase that gives the strength (Austral Wright; Jacquet). Product forms are bar, sheet, plate, wire and forgings.", "parts": [ { "name": "Iron", "symbol": "Fe", "role": "Matrix of the alloy, martensitic when annealed.", "share_note": "balance (the rest)" }, { "name": "Chromium", "symbol": "Cr", "role": "Gives the passive film that resists rust; corrosion close to Type 304 in most media (Jacquet).", "share_percent": 15, "share_high": 17.5 }, { "name": "Nickel", "symbol": "Ni", "role": "Part of the chromium-nickel-copper martensitic alloy (Carpenter: about 17 percent Cr and 4 percent Ni).", "share_percent": 3, "share_high": 5 }, { "name": "Copper", "symbol": "Cu", "role": "Forms a copper-based phase on aging, which gives the high strength (Austral Wright).", "share_percent": 3, "share_high": 5 }, { "name": "Niobium plus tantalum", "symbol": "Nb+Ta", "role": "Columbium plus tantalum, a listed alloying addition (Jacquet; Carpenter).", "share_percent": 0.15, "share_high": 0.45 }, { "name": "Carbon", "symbol": "C", "role": "Kept low; Carpenter gives a maximum of 0.070 percent.", "share_percent": 0, "share_high": 0.07 }, { "name": "Manganese", "symbol": "Mn", "role": "Residual element, maximum 1.00 percent.", "share_percent": 0, "share_high": 1 }, { "name": "Silicon", "symbol": "Si", "role": "Residual element, maximum 1.00 percent.", "share_percent": 0, "share_high": 1 }, { "name": "Phosphorus", "symbol": "P", "role": "Impurity held low, maximum 0.040 percent.", "share_percent": 0, "share_high": 0.04 }, { "name": "Sulfur", "symbol": "S", "role": "Impurity held low, maximum 0.030 percent.", "share_percent": 0, "share_high": 0.03 } ] }, "risk_groups": [ { "title": "For people", "lead": "The PubChem records below cover elemental nickel, chromium and copper, not the finished 17-4 PH alloy.", "points": [ { "label": "Nickel", "line": "PubChem lists elemental nickel as Danger, with H317 (skin sensitiser), H351 (suspected carcinogen) and H372 (organ damage on repeated exposure)." }, { "label": "Chromium", "line": "PubChem lists elemental chromium as Danger with H317, H319 and H334 in notifications that carry hazard codes." }, { "label": "Copper", "line": "PubChem lists elemental copper as Warning, with H400 and H410 for aquatic life." }, { "label": "Workshop", "line": "Check the supplier safety data sheet before cutting, grinding or welding this alloy." } ], "level": 0, "verdict": "No safety data sheet for the alloy was read" }, { "title": "In the environment", "lead": "Crevice corrosion and stress corrosion cracking are the main failure routes in service.", "points": [ { "label": "Sea water", "line": "Carpenter rates sea water as Restricted for 17-4 SELECT. Austral Wright uses it in salt water as boat shafting only with cathodic protection." }, { "label": "Crevices", "line": "Wikipedia says it is susceptible to crevice corrosion in stagnant salt water." }, { "label": "Sour service", "line": "Carpenter rates sour oil and gas as Restricted. voestalpine stocks H1150M and DH1150 for NACE service." } ], "level": 1, "verdict": "Chloride and stagnant water are the watch points" }, { "title": "Heat treatment and fabrication", "lead": "The highest strength comes from the H900 condition, which is also the most prone to stress corrosion cracking.", "points": [ { "label": "Peak aging", "line": "Jacquet says 17-4 is more susceptible to stress corrosion cracking at peak strength, so the lowest hardness compatible with the use is preferred." }, { "label": "Annealed", "line": "Untempered martensite in the annealed condition may fail unpredictably and is more sensitive to hydrogen embrittlement (Jacquet)." }, { "label": "Torch cutting", "line": "Plasma torch cutting of annealed plate can crack the metal, especially plate thicker than about 1 inch (Jacquet)." } ], "level": 1, "verdict": "The aging temperature sets both strength and cracking risk" } ] }, "updated": "2026-10-24", "review": { "status": "draft", "method": "assistant", "checked_values": 58, "unreachable": 5, "caveats": 3, "note": "Written by an AI assistant on 2026-10-24 from pages fetched in this run only. Strength values are kept with their own condition (H900, H1025, H1150, Condition A), form and basis (typical or minimum). Carpenter's four-level corrosion scale is mapped as Excellent and Good to low, Moderate to moderate, Restricted to severe. Unreachable: Atlas Steels, AMPP store, DTIC, OSTI and the Boeing H900 page." }, "sources": { "jacquet-174": { "title": "Jacquet Metal Service: Technical Sheet 17-4 PH (630)", "id": "Technical_Sheet_17-4_PH", "url": "https://usa.myjacquet.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/55/2025/08/Technical_Sheet_17-4_PH.pdf", "year": 2025, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" }, "carp-select": { "title": "Carpenter Technology: 17-4 SELECT data sheet", "id": "17-4 SELECT", "url": "https://www.carpentertechnology.com/hubfs/Data%20Sheets/17-4%20Select.pdf", "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" }, "carp-card": { "title": "Carpenter Technology: Custom 630 (17-4) alloy card", "id": "Custom_630_(17-4)_snapshot", "url": "https://www.carpentertechnology.com/hubfs/Alloy%20Cards/Custom_630_(17-4)_snapshot.pdf", "year": 2024, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" }, "austral-174": { "title": "Austral Wright Metals: Product Data Sheet, Stainless Steel Alloy 17-4PH", "id": "stainless-steel-alloy-17-4ph", "url": "https://www.australwright.com.au/technical-data/alloys/stainless-steel/stainless-steel-alloy-17-4ph/", "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" }, "upmet-174": { "title": "United Performance Metals: Datasheet for 17-4 PH stainless steel", "id": "17-4-ph.pdf", "url": "https://www.upmet.com/sites/default/files/datasheets/17-4-ph.pdf", "year": 2026, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" }, "ulbrich-wire": { "title": "Ulbrich Stainless Steels: 17-4 PH UNS S17400 wire datasheet", "id": "Stainless-Steel-17-4PH-Wire-UNS-S17400-Wire", "url": "https://ulbrich.com/uploads/data-sheets/Stainless-Steel-17-4PH-Wire-UNS-S17400-Wire.pdf", "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" }, "ams5643-page": { "title": "AircraftMaterials.com: Stainless Steel 17-4PH (AMS 5643) technical data sheet", "id": "ams5643", "url": "https://aircraftmaterials.com/data/alstst/alstst/ams5643.html", "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" }, "voest-174": { "title": "voestalpine Specialty Metals UK: 17-4PH (UNS S17400)", "id": "17-4ph-uns-s17400", "url": "https://www.voestalpine.com/specialtymetals/uk/en/17-4ph-uns-s17400/", "kind": "datasheet", "license": "cited, not reproduced" }, "steelforge-174": { "title": "All Metals and Forge Group: Stainless Steel 17-4 PH report", "id": "stainless-steel-17-4-ph", "url": "https://steelforge.com/stainless-steel-17-4-ph/", "kind": "web", "license": "cited, not reproduced" }, "wiki-174": { "title": "Wikipedia: 17-4 stainless steel", "id": "17-4 stainless steel", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/17-4_stainless_steel", "kind": "web", "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0 (cited, not reproduced)" }, "usgs-nickel-2026": { "title": "USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026: Nickel", "id": "mcs2026-nickel", "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-nickel.pdf", "year": 2026, "kind": "report", "license": "public domain" }, "usgs-chromium-2026": { "title": "USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026: Chromium", "id": "mcs2026-chromium", "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-chromium.pdf", "year": 2026, "kind": "report", "license": "public domain" }, "usgs-copper-2026": { "title": "USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026: Copper", "id": "mcs2026-copper", "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-copper.pdf", "year": 2026, "kind": "report", "license": "public domain" }, "pubchem-nickel": { "title": "PubChem: Nickel (CID 935), Safety and Hazards, GHS Classification", "id": "CID 935", "url": "https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/935", "kind": "database", "license": "PubChem terms (public)" }, "pubchem-chromium": { "title": "PubChem: Chromium (CID 23976), Safety and Hazards, GHS Classification", "id": "CID 23976", "url": "https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/23976", "kind": "database", "license": "PubChem terms (public)" }, "pubchem-copper": { "title": "PubChem: Copper (CID 23978), Safety and Hazards, GHS Classification", "id": "CID 23978", "url": "https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/23978", "kind": "database", "license": "PubChem terms (public)" } }, "license": "CC-BY-4.0", "url": "https://spacemushroom.com/profiles/stainless-17-4ph/" }