{
  "spore": "profile",
  "id": "rogers-ro4350b",
  "spore_version": "0.2",
  "family": "rf-laminates",
  "name": "Rogers RO4350B hydrocarbon-ceramic laminate",
  "abbreviation": "RO4350B",
  "role": "RF and microwave circuit board substrate that processes like FR-4",
  "category": "electronics",
  "type": "circuit-board-laminates",
  "summary": "Rogers RO4350B is a glass-reinforced hydrocarbon and ceramic circuit laminate with no PTFE. Rogers' 2016 datasheet prints a process dielectric constant of 3.48 plus or minus 0.05 at 10 GHz and 23 °C, and a dissipation factor of 0.0037 at 10 GHz and 23 °C. Its design value is 3.66, averaged over several lots and taken from 8 to 40 GHz. The laminate has a glass transition printed as greater than 280 °C and a decomposition temperature of 390 °C by TGA. All values in this profile are manufacturer typical values; no space or independent measured data were found.\n",
  "best_for": "RF and microwave antennas, power amplifiers and LNBs that need a stable dielectric constant and FR-4 style processing",
  "weakest_at": "Dielectric constant drifts 50 ppm/°C with temperature, and Rogers notes that prolonged oxidative exposure can change dielectric properties. No space-qualification data were found.",
  "identity": {
    "formula": "Glass-reinforced hydrocarbon and ceramic thermoset laminate, non-PTFE. The exact composition is not printed in the datasheet.",
    "designations": [
      {
        "system": "Trade name",
        "code": "RO4350B",
        "source": "rogers-ds-2016",
        "where": "Page 1 title and product description (RO4350B laminates)"
      }
    ],
    "source": "rogers-ds-2016",
    "where": "Page 1, product description: glass reinforced hydrocarbon/ceramic laminates (Non-PTFE), and the glass fabric styles 1080 and 1674"
  },
  "tags": {
    "environments": [],
    "stresses": [
      "thermal-shock"
    ],
    "applications": [
      "electronics-and-chips"
    ]
  },
  "properties": [
    {
      "benchmark": "dielectric_constant",
      "label": "Dielectric constant (process value), RO4350B, 10 GHz",
      "value": 3.48,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "-",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "frequency": "10 GHz",
        "temperature": "23 °C",
        "direction": "Z",
        "tolerance": "±0.05 as printed",
        "thickness": "standard thicknesses (the 4 mil laminate has its own value)"
      },
      "method": "IPC-TM-650 2.5.5.5, clamped stripline, as printed in the typical values table",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "rogers-ds-2016",
      "where": "Typical values table, Dielectric Constant Process row, RO4350B column",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "RO4000 Series High Frequency Circuit Materials Data Sheet, RO4003C and RO4350B",
        "id": "Rogers Corporation, PUB# 92-004, revision printed as 101916 (read as 10/19/16); copy hosted by Eurocircuits",
        "url": "https://www.eurocircuits.com/content/uploads/2025/02/RO4000-Laminates-Data-sheet.pdf",
        "year": 2016,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "Rogers data sheet, cited not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "dielectric_constant",
      "label": "Dielectric constant (design value), RO4350B",
      "value": 3.66,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "-",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "frequency": "8 to 40 GHz",
        "direction": "Z",
        "basis": "average of several tested lots on the most common thicknesses (Rogers note 1)"
      },
      "method": "Clamped stripline differential phase length method, as printed. The 2022 TICER datasheet prints the same 3.66 design value by the FSR method at 23 °C.",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "rogers-ds-2016",
      "where": "Typical values table, Dielectric Constant Design row, with note (1)",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "RO4000 Series High Frequency Circuit Materials Data Sheet, RO4003C and RO4350B",
        "id": "Rogers Corporation, PUB# 92-004, revision printed as 101916 (read as 10/19/16); copy hosted by Eurocircuits",
        "url": "https://www.eurocircuits.com/content/uploads/2025/02/RO4000-Laminates-Data-sheet.pdf",
        "year": 2016,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "Rogers data sheet, cited not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "dielectric_constant",
      "label": "Dielectric constant (process value), RO4350B 4 mil laminate",
      "value": 3.33,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "-",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "thickness": "0.004 in (0.101 mm)",
        "tolerance": "±0.05 as printed",
        "basis": "process value for the 4 mil product, Rogers note 2"
      },
      "method": "Process value stated in the footnote of the 2022 datasheet; the footnote says the product conforms to IPC-4103A/240",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "rogers-ds-2022",
      "where": "Footnote 2 of the typical values table",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "RO4000 Laminates with TICER TCR Thin Film Resistor Foils, data sheet",
        "id": "Rogers Corporation, Publication #92-134, revised 042922",
        "url": "https://rogerscorp.com/-/media/project/rogerscorp/documents/advanced-electronics-solutions/english/data-sheets/ro4000-laminates-with-ticer-tcr-thin-film-resistor-foils.pdf",
        "year": 2022,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "Rogers data sheet, cited not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "dissipation_factor",
      "label": "Dissipation factor, RO4350B, 10 GHz",
      "value": 0.0037,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "-",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "frequency": "10 GHz",
        "temperature": "23 °C",
        "direction": "Z"
      },
      "method": "IPC-TM-650 2.5.5.5, as printed",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "rogers-ds-2016",
      "where": "Typical values table, Dissipation Factor tan delta row, 10 GHz/23°C line",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "RO4000 Series High Frequency Circuit Materials Data Sheet, RO4003C and RO4350B",
        "id": "Rogers Corporation, PUB# 92-004, revision printed as 101916 (read as 10/19/16); copy hosted by Eurocircuits",
        "url": "https://www.eurocircuits.com/content/uploads/2025/02/RO4000-Laminates-Data-sheet.pdf",
        "year": 2016,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "Rogers data sheet, cited not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "dissipation_factor",
      "label": "Dissipation factor, RO4350B, 2.5 GHz",
      "value": 0.0031,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "-",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "frequency": "2.5 GHz",
        "temperature": "23 °C",
        "direction": "Z"
      },
      "method": "IPC-TM-650 2.5.5.5, as printed",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "rogers-ds-2016",
      "where": "Typical values table, Dissipation Factor tan delta row, 2.5 GHz/23°C line",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "RO4000 Series High Frequency Circuit Materials Data Sheet, RO4003C and RO4350B",
        "id": "Rogers Corporation, PUB# 92-004, revision printed as 101916 (read as 10/19/16); copy hosted by Eurocircuits",
        "url": "https://www.eurocircuits.com/content/uploads/2025/02/RO4000-Laminates-Data-sheet.pdf",
        "year": 2016,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "Rogers data sheet, cited not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "thermal_coefficient_of_dielectric_constant",
      "label": "Thermal coefficient of dielectric constant, RO4350B",
      "value": 50,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "ppm/°C",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "direction": "Z",
        "temperature_range": "-50 °C to 150 °C"
      },
      "method": "IPC-TM-650 2.5.5.5, as printed",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "rogers-ds-2016",
      "where": "Typical values table, Thermal Coefficient of er row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "RO4000 Series High Frequency Circuit Materials Data Sheet, RO4003C and RO4350B",
        "id": "Rogers Corporation, PUB# 92-004, revision printed as 101916 (read as 10/19/16); copy hosted by Eurocircuits",
        "url": "https://www.eurocircuits.com/content/uploads/2025/02/RO4000-Laminates-Data-sheet.pdf",
        "year": 2016,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "Rogers data sheet, cited not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "glass_transition_temperature",
      "label": "Glass transition temperature, RO4350B (printed greater than)",
      "value": 280,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "°C",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "bound": "printed as greater than 280 °C",
        "method_condition": "condition A"
      },
      "method": "TMA, IPC-TM-650 2.4.24 condition A, as printed",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "rogers-ds-2016",
      "where": "Typical values table, Tg row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "RO4000 Series High Frequency Circuit Materials Data Sheet, RO4003C and RO4350B",
        "id": "Rogers Corporation, PUB# 92-004, revision printed as 101916 (read as 10/19/16); copy hosted by Eurocircuits",
        "url": "https://www.eurocircuits.com/content/uploads/2025/02/RO4000-Laminates-Data-sheet.pdf",
        "year": 2016,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "Rogers data sheet, cited not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "decomposition_temperature",
      "label": "Decomposition temperature (Td), RO4350B",
      "value": 390,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "°C",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "method_condition": "TGA"
      },
      "method": "TGA, ASTM D3850, as printed",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "rogers-ds-2016",
      "where": "Typical values table, Td row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "RO4000 Series High Frequency Circuit Materials Data Sheet, RO4003C and RO4350B",
        "id": "Rogers Corporation, PUB# 92-004, revision printed as 101916 (read as 10/19/16); copy hosted by Eurocircuits",
        "url": "https://www.eurocircuits.com/content/uploads/2025/02/RO4000-Laminates-Data-sheet.pdf",
        "year": 2016,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "Rogers data sheet, cited not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "thermal_conductivity",
      "label": "Thermal conductivity, RO4350B, 80 °C",
      "value": 0.69,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "W/m/°K",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "temperature": "80 °C"
      },
      "method": "ASTM C518, as printed",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "rogers-ds-2016",
      "where": "Typical values table, Thermal Conductivity row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "RO4000 Series High Frequency Circuit Materials Data Sheet, RO4003C and RO4350B",
        "id": "Rogers Corporation, PUB# 92-004, revision printed as 101916 (read as 10/19/16); copy hosted by Eurocircuits",
        "url": "https://www.eurocircuits.com/content/uploads/2025/02/RO4000-Laminates-Data-sheet.pdf",
        "year": 2016,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "Rogers data sheet, cited not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "cte",
      "label": "Coefficient of thermal expansion, X direction, RO4350B",
      "value": 10,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "ppm/°C",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "direction": "X",
        "temperature_range": "-55 °C to 288 °C"
      },
      "method": "IPC-TM-650 2.4.41, as printed",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "rogers-ds-2016",
      "where": "Typical values table, Coefficient of Thermal Expansion row, X line, RO4350B column",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "RO4000 Series High Frequency Circuit Materials Data Sheet, RO4003C and RO4350B",
        "id": "Rogers Corporation, PUB# 92-004, revision printed as 101916 (read as 10/19/16); copy hosted by Eurocircuits",
        "url": "https://www.eurocircuits.com/content/uploads/2025/02/RO4000-Laminates-Data-sheet.pdf",
        "year": 2016,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "Rogers data sheet, cited not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "cte",
      "label": "Coefficient of thermal expansion, Y direction, RO4350B",
      "value": 12,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "ppm/°C",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "direction": "Y",
        "temperature_range": "-55 °C to 288 °C"
      },
      "method": "IPC-TM-650 2.4.41, as printed",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "rogers-ds-2016",
      "where": "Typical values table, Coefficient of Thermal Expansion row, Y line, RO4350B column",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "RO4000 Series High Frequency Circuit Materials Data Sheet, RO4003C and RO4350B",
        "id": "Rogers Corporation, PUB# 92-004, revision printed as 101916 (read as 10/19/16); copy hosted by Eurocircuits",
        "url": "https://www.eurocircuits.com/content/uploads/2025/02/RO4000-Laminates-Data-sheet.pdf",
        "year": 2016,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "Rogers data sheet, cited not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "cte",
      "label": "Coefficient of thermal expansion, Z direction, RO4350B",
      "value": 32,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "ppm/°C",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "direction": "Z",
        "temperature_range": "-55 °C to 288 °C"
      },
      "method": "IPC-TM-650 2.4.41, as printed",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "rogers-ds-2016",
      "where": "Typical values table, Coefficient of Thermal Expansion row, Z line, RO4350B column",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "RO4000 Series High Frequency Circuit Materials Data Sheet, RO4003C and RO4350B",
        "id": "Rogers Corporation, PUB# 92-004, revision printed as 101916 (read as 10/19/16); copy hosted by Eurocircuits",
        "url": "https://www.eurocircuits.com/content/uploads/2025/02/RO4000-Laminates-Data-sheet.pdf",
        "year": 2016,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "Rogers data sheet, cited not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "density",
      "label": "Density, RO4350B",
      "value": 1.86,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "gm/cm3",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "temperature": "23 °C"
      },
      "method": "ASTM D792, as printed",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "rogers-ds-2016",
      "where": "Typical values table, Density row, RO4350B column",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "RO4000 Series High Frequency Circuit Materials Data Sheet, RO4003C and RO4350B",
        "id": "Rogers Corporation, PUB# 92-004, revision printed as 101916 (read as 10/19/16); copy hosted by Eurocircuits",
        "url": "https://www.eurocircuits.com/content/uploads/2025/02/RO4000-Laminates-Data-sheet.pdf",
        "year": 2016,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "Rogers data sheet, cited not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "moisture_absorption",
      "label": "Moisture absorption, RO4350B, 48 h immersion",
      "value": 0.06,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "%",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "time": "48 hours immersion",
        "sample": "0.060 in",
        "temperature": "50 °C"
      },
      "method": "ASTM D570, as printed",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "rogers-ds-2016",
      "where": "Typical values table, Moisture Absorption row, RO4350B column",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "RO4000 Series High Frequency Circuit Materials Data Sheet, RO4003C and RO4350B",
        "id": "Rogers Corporation, PUB# 92-004, revision printed as 101916 (read as 10/19/16); copy hosted by Eurocircuits",
        "url": "https://www.eurocircuits.com/content/uploads/2025/02/RO4000-Laminates-Data-sheet.pdf",
        "year": 2016,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "Rogers data sheet, cited not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "flexural_strength",
      "label": "Flexural strength, RO4350B",
      "value": 255,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "MPa",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "test": "IPC-TM-650 2.4.4, as printed",
        "direction": "not printed"
      },
      "method": "IPC-TM-650 2.4.4, as printed; the datasheet prints 37 kpsi beside it",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "rogers-ds-2016",
      "where": "Typical values table, Flexural Strength row, RO4350B column",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "RO4000 Series High Frequency Circuit Materials Data Sheet, RO4003C and RO4350B",
        "id": "Rogers Corporation, PUB# 92-004, revision printed as 101916 (read as 10/19/16); copy hosted by Eurocircuits",
        "url": "https://www.eurocircuits.com/content/uploads/2025/02/RO4000-Laminates-Data-sheet.pdf",
        "year": 2016,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "Rogers data sheet, cited not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength",
      "label": "Tensile strength, X direction, RO4350B",
      "value": 203,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "MPa",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "direction": "X",
        "temperature": "room temperature (RT)"
      },
      "method": "ASTM D638, as printed; the datasheet prints 29.5 kpsi beside it",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "rogers-ds-2016",
      "where": "Typical values table, Tensile Strength row, X line, RO4350B column",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "RO4000 Series High Frequency Circuit Materials Data Sheet, RO4003C and RO4350B",
        "id": "Rogers Corporation, PUB# 92-004, revision printed as 101916 (read as 10/19/16); copy hosted by Eurocircuits",
        "url": "https://www.eurocircuits.com/content/uploads/2025/02/RO4000-Laminates-Data-sheet.pdf",
        "year": 2016,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "Rogers data sheet, cited not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength",
      "label": "Tensile strength, Y direction, RO4350B",
      "value": 130,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "MPa",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "direction": "Y",
        "temperature": "room temperature (RT)"
      },
      "method": "ASTM D638, as printed; the datasheet prints 18.9 kpsi beside it",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "rogers-ds-2016",
      "where": "Typical values table, Tensile Strength row, Y line, RO4350B column",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "RO4000 Series High Frequency Circuit Materials Data Sheet, RO4003C and RO4350B",
        "id": "Rogers Corporation, PUB# 92-004, revision printed as 101916 (read as 10/19/16); copy hosted by Eurocircuits",
        "url": "https://www.eurocircuits.com/content/uploads/2025/02/RO4000-Laminates-Data-sheet.pdf",
        "year": 2016,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "Rogers data sheet, cited not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "elastic_modulus",
      "label": "Tensile modulus, X direction, RO4350B",
      "value": 16767,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "MPa",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "direction": "X",
        "temperature": "room temperature (RT)"
      },
      "method": "ASTM D638, as printed; the datasheet prints 16,767 MPa (2,432 kpsi)",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "rogers-ds-2016",
      "where": "Typical values table, Tensile Modulus row, X line, RO4350B column",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "RO4000 Series High Frequency Circuit Materials Data Sheet, RO4003C and RO4350B",
        "id": "Rogers Corporation, PUB# 92-004, revision printed as 101916 (read as 10/19/16); copy hosted by Eurocircuits",
        "url": "https://www.eurocircuits.com/content/uploads/2025/02/RO4000-Laminates-Data-sheet.pdf",
        "year": 2016,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "Rogers data sheet, cited not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "elastic_modulus",
      "label": "Tensile modulus, Y direction, RO4350B",
      "value": 14153,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "MPa",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "direction": "Y",
        "temperature": "room temperature (RT)"
      },
      "method": "ASTM D638, as printed; the datasheet prints 14,153 MPa (2,053 kpsi)",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "rogers-ds-2016",
      "where": "Typical values table, Tensile Modulus row, Y line, RO4350B column",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "RO4000 Series High Frequency Circuit Materials Data Sheet, RO4003C and RO4350B",
        "id": "Rogers Corporation, PUB# 92-004, revision printed as 101916 (read as 10/19/16); copy hosted by Eurocircuits",
        "url": "https://www.eurocircuits.com/content/uploads/2025/02/RO4000-Laminates-Data-sheet.pdf",
        "year": 2016,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "Rogers data sheet, cited not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "dimensional_stability",
      "label": "Dimensional stability, RO4350B, after etch",
      "value": 0.5,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "mm/m",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "bound": "printed as less than 0.5 mm/m",
        "direction": "X and Y",
        "process": "after etch, +E2/150 °C"
      },
      "method": "IPC-TM-650 2.4.39A, as printed",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "rogers-ds-2016",
      "where": "Typical values table, Dimensional Stability row, RO4350B column",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "RO4000 Series High Frequency Circuit Materials Data Sheet, RO4003C and RO4350B",
        "id": "Rogers Corporation, PUB# 92-004, revision printed as 101916 (read as 10/19/16); copy hosted by Eurocircuits",
        "url": "https://www.eurocircuits.com/content/uploads/2025/02/RO4000-Laminates-Data-sheet.pdf",
        "year": 2016,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "Rogers data sheet, cited not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "dielectric_strength",
      "label": "Electrical strength, RO4350B, 0.51 mm",
      "value": 31.2,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "kV/mm",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "direction": "Z",
        "thickness": "0.51 mm (0.020 in)"
      },
      "method": "IPC-TM-650 2.5.6.2, as printed; the datasheet prints 780 V/mil beside it",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "rogers-ds-2016",
      "where": "Typical values table, Electrical Strength row, RO4350B column",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "RO4000 Series High Frequency Circuit Materials Data Sheet, RO4003C and RO4350B",
        "id": "Rogers Corporation, PUB# 92-004, revision printed as 101916 (read as 10/19/16); copy hosted by Eurocircuits",
        "url": "https://www.eurocircuits.com/content/uploads/2025/02/RO4000-Laminates-Data-sheet.pdf",
        "year": 2016,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "Rogers data sheet, cited not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "copper_peel_strength",
      "label": "Copper peel strength, RO4350B, after solder float, 1 oz foil",
      "value": 0.88,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "N/mm",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "foil": "1 oz (35 µm) electrodeposited copper",
        "condition": "after solder float",
        "printed_pli": "5.0 pli printed beside the value"
      },
      "method": "IPC-TM-650 2.4.8, as printed",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "rogers-ds-2016",
      "where": "Typical values table, Copper Peel Strength row, RO4350B column",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "RO4000 Series High Frequency Circuit Materials Data Sheet, RO4003C and RO4350B",
        "id": "Rogers Corporation, PUB# 92-004, revision printed as 101916 (read as 10/19/16); copy hosted by Eurocircuits",
        "url": "https://www.eurocircuits.com/content/uploads/2025/02/RO4000-Laminates-Data-sheet.pdf",
        "year": 2016,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "Rogers data sheet, cited not reproduced"
      }
    }
  ],
  "corrosion": [
    {
      "environment": "Prolonged exposure in an oxidative environment, faster at higher temperature",
      "headline": "Rogers says oxidation over long exposure can change the dielectric properties of hydrocarbon laminates such as RO4350B.",
      "effect": "The rate of change rises at higher temperature and depends on the circuit design. Rogers calls oxidation problems extremely rare, but asks customers to evaluate each material and design combination over the life of the product.",
      "rating": "unknown",
      "conditions": {
        "basis": "general note from Rogers; no test figure printed"
      },
      "source": "rogers-ds-2016",
      "where": "Note below the typical values table"
    },
    {
      "environment": "Water immersion (humid service)",
      "headline": "RO4350B absorbs 0.06 % moisture after 48 hours of immersion, per ASTM D570.",
      "effect": "The 2016 datasheet prints 0.06 % for RO4350B. The 2005 revision printed 0.04 % for the same grade, and the two are reported side by side in the gaps.",
      "rating": "unknown",
      "conditions": {
        "time": "48 hours immersion",
        "sample": "0.060 in",
        "temperature": "50 °C"
      },
      "source": "rogers-ds-2016",
      "where": "Typical values table, Moisture Absorption row"
    },
    {
      "environment": "Elevated temperature",
      "headline": "RO4350B has a glass transition printed as greater than 280 °C and a decomposition temperature of 390 °C by TGA.",
      "effect": "Rogers prints Tg above 280 °C by TMA and Td of 390 °C by TGA (ASTM D3850). Dimensional stability after etch and 150 °C is less than 0.5 mm/m, and the CTE is 10, 12 and 32 ppm/°C in X, Y and Z from -55 °C to 288 °C.",
      "rating": "unknown",
      "conditions": {
        "basis": "typical values printed by the manufacturer; no ageing test is printed"
      },
      "source": "rogers-ds-2016",
      "where": "Typical values table, Tg, Td, Dimensional Stability and Coefficient of Thermal Expansion rows"
    }
  ],
  "risks": {
    "hazards": [
      {
        "text": "The English product safety information sheet for the RO4000 series says the material is an article, exempt from the US Hazard Communication Standard and EU REACH, so no safety data sheet is required. It gives no GHS classification (listed as NE, not established). The sheet covers the series as one product, not RO4350B alone.",
        "ghs": [],
        "source": "rogers-psis-2022",
        "where": "Section 2 (classification of the material), Section 3 (article note), Section 16 (NE = Not Established)"
      },
      {
        "text": "Machining may create dust. The sheet says dust may cause respiratory irritation, eye irritation and mechanical skin irritation. Processing the material at temperatures above its decomposition temperature may release toxic fumes, and copper fume may cause metal fume fever with flu-like symptoms.",
        "ghs": [],
        "source": "rogers-psis-2022",
        "where": "Section 2 (effects of overexposure, inhalation, eye and skin contact)"
      },
      {
        "text": "The sheet says IARC has listed 'Glass filament, continuous' as Group 3 (Not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans).",
        "ghs": [],
        "source": "rogers-psis-2022",
        "where": "Section 2 (chronic effects) and Section 11 (carcinogenic status)"
      },
      {
        "text": "The copper cladding is listed by PubChem for copper metal with the GHS hazard statements 'Very toxic to aquatic life' and 'Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects', signal word Warning. Most company reports to PubChem say copper does not meet GHS criteria.",
        "ghs": [],
        "source": "pubchem-copper",
        "where": "Safety and Hazards, GHS Classification (copper metal, CID 23978)"
      }
    ],
    "failure_risks": [
      {
        "mode": "Dielectric constant drift over temperature",
        "trigger": "Operation across the temperature range Rogers specifies, -50 °C to 150 °C",
        "consequence": "The dielectric constant changes by 50 ppm/°C in the Z direction (typical), so the design value shifts with temperature.",
        "severity": "moderate",
        "source": "rogers-ds-2016",
        "where": "Typical values table, Thermal Coefficient of er row"
      },
      {
        "mode": "Dielectric change from long oxidative exposure",
        "trigger": "Prolonged exposure in an oxidative environment, faster at higher temperature",
        "consequence": "Rogers says the dielectric properties of hydrocarbon-based laminates can change, and asks users to evaluate each material and design over the product life.",
        "severity": "moderate",
        "source": "rogers-ds-2016",
        "where": "Note below the typical values table"
      }
    ],
    "side_effects": [],
    "handling": [
      {
        "text": "Rogers says RO4000 laminates use standard epoxy/glass (FR-4) processes and need no sodium etch for via preparation. The laminate is rigid and thermoset, and runs in automated handling and scrubbing equipment used for copper surface preparation.",
        "source": "rogers-ds-2016",
        "where": "Page 1, product description and processing text"
      },
      {
        "text": "Standard RO4350B is rated UL 94 V-0 (printed as V-0 in the 2016 datasheet and as 94V-O in the 2005 datasheet). The LoPro variant does not share this UL designation, per Rogers note 2.",
        "source": "rogers-ds-2016",
        "where": "Typical values table, Flammability row, and note (2)"
      },
      {
        "text": "Storage: fully clad laminates should be stored at room temperature, with first-in-first-out stock and lot numbers tracked through processing.",
        "source": "rogers-fab-guide",
        "where": "Circuit processing guidelines, Storage paragraph, page 1"
      },
      {
        "text": "Humidity: at room temperature the dielectric is inert to high humidity, but copper cladding can oxidise, and a standard micro-etch removes that oxide before processing.",
        "source": "rogers-fab-guide",
        "where": "Circuit processing guidelines, Shelf Life section, page 4"
      },
      {
        "text": "Drilling: standard geometry drills are preferred over undercut styles, and drilling causes an accelerated wear rate of drills, so hit counts should be based on inspection of the plated holes.",
        "source": "rogers-fab-guide",
        "where": "Circuit processing guidelines, Drilling Considerations and PTH Processing sections, pages 1 to 3"
      },
      {
        "text": "Routing: copper should be etched away from the routing path to prevent burring, and carbide multi-fluted spiral tools or diamond cut router bits are used, per the processing guideline.",
        "source": "rogers-fab-guide",
        "where": "Circuit processing guidelines, Routing and Tool Type sections, page 3"
      },
      {
        "text": "Dust and fumes: the product safety sheet says machining may create dust, that processing above the decomposition temperature may release toxic fumes, and it recommends safety glasses with side-shields in industrial operations.",
        "source": "rogers-psis-2022",
        "where": "Section 2 (effects of overexposure), Section 8 (eye protection)"
      }
    ],
    "mitigations": []
  },
  "uses": [
    {
      "application": "electronics-and-chips",
      "device": "Low-noise block converters (LNBs) for direct broadcast satellites",
      "example": "Rogers lists LNBs for direct broadcast satellites among the typical applications of the RO4000 series, which includes RO4350B.",
      "source": "rogers-ds-2016",
      "where": "Some Typical Applications list, page 1"
    },
    {
      "application": "electronics-and-chips",
      "device": "Cellular base station antennas and power amplifiers",
      "example": "Rogers lists cellular base station antennas and power amplifiers as typical applications for RO4350B.",
      "source": "rogers-ds-2016",
      "where": "Some Typical Applications list, page 1"
    },
    {
      "application": "electronics-and-chips",
      "device": "Automotive radar and sensors",
      "example": "The 2016 datasheet lists automotive radar and sensors among its typical applications.",
      "source": "rogers-ds-2016",
      "where": "Some Typical Applications list, page 1"
    },
    {
      "application": "electronics-and-chips",
      "device": "Radio frequency identification (RFID) tags",
      "example": "Rogers lists RF identification tags among the typical applications of the RO4000 series.",
      "source": "rogers-ds-2016",
      "where": "Some Typical Applications list, page 1"
    }
  ],
  "supply": [
    {
      "subject": "Copper (electrodeposited foil cladding)",
      "abundance": "Mine production 2025e, thousand metric tons of copper content (USGS): Chile 5,300; Congo (Kinshasa) 3,200; Peru 2,700; China 1,800; United States 1,000; world total 23,000.",
      "producers": [],
      "critical_lists": [
        {
          "list": "USGS 2025 Final List of Critical Minerals (copper added in the 2025 list)",
          "listed": true
        }
      ],
      "recycling": "USGS: an estimated 160,000 tons of copper was recovered from old scrap in the United States in 2025, and 760,000 tons from new scrap.",
      "substitutes": [
        "USGS: aluminum substitutes for copper in electrical equipment and power cable, and optical fiber substitutes for copper in telecommunications."
      ],
      "source": "usgs-mcs2026-copper",
      "where": "Salient Statistics; Mine production table, 2025e column; Recycling; Substitutes; USGS statement on the 2025 critical list"
    }
  ],
  "media": [],
  "documents": [
    {
      "title": "Rogers RO4000 Series High Frequency Circuit Materials data sheet, RO4003C and RO4350B, PUB# 92-004 (2016 revision, copy on eurocircuits.com)",
      "type": "datasheet",
      "url": "https://www.eurocircuits.com/content/uploads/2025/02/RO4000-Laminates-Data-sheet.pdf",
      "year": 2016
    },
    {
      "title": "Rogers RO4000 Laminates with TICER TCR Thin Film Resistor Foils data sheet, publication #92-134",
      "type": "datasheet",
      "url": "https://rogerscorp.com/-/media/project/rogerscorp/documents/advanced-electronics-solutions/english/data-sheets/ro4000-laminates-with-ticer-tcr-thin-film-resistor-foils.pdf",
      "year": 2022
    },
    {
      "title": "Rogers RO4000 Series High Frequency Circuit Materials data sheet, publication #92-112, revised 12/16/05 (copy on advancedpcb.com)",
      "type": "datasheet",
      "url": "https://advancedpcb.com/getattachment/9b77fb58-4972-44fb-bced-ec1759236012/Rogers_ro4000ds_4.pdf",
      "year": 2005
    },
    {
      "title": "Rogers Corporation, RO4350B laminates product page",
      "type": "datasheet",
      "url": "https://rogerscorp.com/advanced-electronics-solutions/ro4000-series-laminates/ro4350b-laminates"
    },
    {
      "title": "USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026: Copper",
      "type": "report",
      "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-copper.pdf",
      "year": 2026
    },
    {
      "title": "RO4000 Series Laminates Product Safety Information Sheet (English), 2022",
      "type": "sds",
      "url": "https://rogerscorp.com/-/media/project/rogerscorp/documents/ehs/advanced-connectivity-solutions/english/msds/psis---ro4000-series-laminates.pdf",
      "year": 2022
    },
    {
      "title": "RO4003C, RO4350B and RO4835 Laminates Circuit Processing Guidelines, Publication 92-433",
      "type": "datasheet",
      "url": "https://www.RogersCorp.com/-/media/project/rogerscorp/documents/advanced-electronics-solutions/english/fabrication-information/fabrication-guidelines-ro4000-series-ro4003cro4350bro4835-laminates.pdf",
      "year": 2021
    },
    {
      "title": "PubChem, Copper (CID 23978), GHS Classification",
      "type": "database",
      "url": "https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/rest/pug_view/data/compound/23978/JSON?heading=GHS+Classification"
    }
  ],
  "gaps": [
    "The composition of RO4350B is not printed in any datasheet read: the resin (hydrocarbon and ceramic), the glass content and the copper foil are described only in words. No CAS number, molecular formula or percentage is recorded.",
    "The English product safety information sheet for the RO4000 series (2022) is a series-level sheet, not grade-specific. No RO4350B-specific safety data sheet was found, so the hazard entries above are series-level data and the grade's own SDS should be obtained before use.",
    "No space, vacuum, outgassing, radiation or atomic-oxygen result for RO4350B was found in the sources held. No NASA or ESA source was reached in this run.",
    "No independent measured dielectric data (peer-reviewed paper, NIST or standards body) was fetched in this run. All dielectric values are manufacturer typical values.",
    "The 2005 datasheet (publication 92-112, revised 12/16/05) differs from the 2016 datasheet for RO4350B: thermal conductivity 0.62 W/m/°K at 100 °C (ASTM F433) against 0.69 at 80 °C; CTE X 14, Y 16 and Z 50 ppm/°C against 10, 12 and 32; moisture absorption 0.04 % against 0.06 %; thermal coefficient of dielectric constant +50 ppm/°C over -100 °C to 250 °C against -50 °C to 150 °C; tensile modulus 11,473 MPa in Y and tensile strength 175 MPa in Y. The 2016 values are used; the 2005 values are kept here for comparison only.",
    "The 4 mil process dielectric constant is 3.33 plus or minus 0.05 in the 2022 datasheet, and 3.36 plus or minus 0.05 in the 2005 datasheet. Only the 2022 value is recorded as a property.",
    "Rogers' product page was consulted only through a page summary, not verbatim. It states the features Dk of 3.48 plus or minus 0.05 and dissipation factor of 0.0037 at 10 GHz. Its other printed figures were not used as values.",
    "The 2013 revision of the same datasheet (PUB 92-004, revised 07/01/13, copy on leiton.de) prints the glass transition by DSC; the 2016 revision prints it by TMA, and the TMA value is the one recorded.",
    "The 2005 datasheet gives an RTI of up to 150 °C for RO4350B. The 2016 typical values table has no RTI row, so RTI is not recorded as a property.",
    "The 2022 TICER datasheet prints a copper peel of 0.61 N/mm (3.5 pli) on half-ounce TCR resistor foil. That is a different foil, so the value is not used.",
    "These names are not in spores/property-canon.yaml and are written in snake_case: thermal_coefficient_of_dielectric_constant, decomposition_temperature, copper_peel_strength and dimensional_stability (the last maps to no canonical name in this file).",
    "Volume resistivity (printed 1.2 X 10 to the 10th power MΩ•cm, COND A, IPC-TM-650 2.5.17.1) and surface resistivity (printed 5.7 X 10 to the 9th power MΩ, COND A) are not recorded as properties. The PDF text extraction loses the superscript, so the exponent could not be checked against the printed text. Re-read the PDF page before adding them back.",
    "The dielectric constant versus temperature and versus frequency charts (Charts 1 to 3) are not read as numbers. No text equivalent is recorded.",
    "The flexural strength direction and specimen form are not printed beyond IPC-TM-650 2.4.4.",
    "Comparison figures for RO4003C, the other grade in the 2016 datasheet, are kept here and not as profile properties: process dielectric constant 3.38 plus or minus 0.05 at 10 GHz and 23 °C, and dissipation factor 0.0027 at 10 GHz and 23 °C.",
    "The IPC-4103 slash sheet /11 for RO4350B is named in the datasheets, but the standard itself was not read. IPC is not in the designation systems list, so the slash sheet is not recorded as a designation.",
    "No source for the supply of the ceramic filler, the glass fabric or the resin was found. USGS copper is the only supply source; the EU critical raw materials list was not checked for copper.",
    "No CAS number, EC number or UN number is recorded for RO4350B, because none was printed in a source read."
  ],
  "story": {
    "why": "Rogers RO4350B is a glass-reinforced hydrocarbon and ceramic circuit laminate with no PTFE. It is made for RF and microwave circuits that need a stable dielectric constant at GHz frequencies, and it can be fabricated with standard FR-4 processes. Rogers' 2016 datasheet gives a process dielectric constant of 3.48 plus or minus 0.05 at 10 GHz and 23 °C, and a dissipation factor of 0.0037 at 10 GHz. Rogers describes RO4350B as a drop-in replacement for RO4003C with flame retardance added.",
    "uses": [
      {
        "where": "LNBs and base stations",
        "line": "Rogers lists low-noise block converters for direct broadcast satellites, cellular base station antennas and power amplifiers as typical applications for RO4350B."
      },
      {
        "where": "Automotive radar and RFID",
        "line": "The 2016 datasheet also lists automotive radar and sensors, and RF identification tags, among the typical applications."
      }
    ],
    "can_do": [
      {
        "label": "Dielectric constant",
        "line": "At 10 GHz and 23 °C, Rogers prints a process dielectric constant of 3.48 plus or minus 0.05. Its design value, averaged over several lots and taken from 8 to 40 GHz, is 3.66.",
        "benchmark": "dielectric_constant",
        "scope": "material",
        "value": "3.48 at 10 GHz"
      },
      {
        "label": "Low loss",
        "line": "The dissipation factor is 0.0037 at 10 GHz and 23 °C, and 0.0031 at 2.5 GHz and 23 °C, per the 2016 typical values table.",
        "benchmark": "dissipation_factor",
        "scope": "material",
        "value": "0.0037 at 10 GHz"
      },
      {
        "label": "Temperature stability",
        "line": "The dielectric constant changes by 50 ppm/°C in the Z direction over -50 °C to 150 °C.",
        "benchmark": "thermal_coefficient_of_dielectric_constant",
        "scope": "material",
        "value": "50 ppm/°C"
      },
      {
        "label": "Heat",
        "line": "The glass transition is printed as greater than 280 °C by TMA, and the decomposition temperature is 390 °C by TGA (ASTM D3850).",
        "benchmark": "glass_transition_temperature",
        "scope": "material",
        "value": "Above 280 °C"
      },
      {
        "label": "Expansion",
        "line": "Expansion is 10 ppm/°C in X, 12 ppm/°C in Y and 32 ppm/°C in Z, all measured from -55 °C to 288 °C (IPC-TM-650 2.4.41).",
        "benchmark": "cte",
        "scope": "material",
        "value": "10, 12 and 32 ppm/°C"
      }
    ],
    "compare": "Against RO4003C, the other grade in the same Rogers datasheet, RO4350B prints a higher dielectric constant at 10 GHz (3.48 against 3.38) and a higher dissipation factor (0.0037 against 0.0027). RO4350B adds a UL 94 V-0 flame rating, which RO4003C does not carry. No numeric comparison with standard FR-4 is printed in the datasheets read, so the only FR-4 comparison here is that both grades use FR-4 style processing.",
    "compare_rows": [
      {
        "label": "Dielectric constant at 10 GHz (process)",
        "benchmark": "dielectric_constant",
        "scope": "material"
      },
      {
        "label": "Dissipation factor at 10 GHz",
        "benchmark": "dissipation_factor",
        "scope": "material"
      },
      {
        "label": "Glass transition temperature",
        "benchmark": "glass_transition_temperature",
        "scope": "material"
      }
    ],
    "handling": [
      "Process as FR-4: Rogers says RO4000 laminates use standard epoxy/glass (FR-4) processes and need no sodium etch for vias.",
      "Rigid thermoset: the laminate runs in automated handling and scrubbing equipment used for copper surface preparation.",
      "Flame rating: standard RO4350B is UL 94 V-0. The LoPro variant does not share that designation.",
      "Stack-up: the 4 mil product has its own process value of 3.33 plus or minus 0.05, so specify the thickness in the design.",
      "Storage: keep fully clad laminates at room temperature and track lot numbers through board processing, per the Rogers processing guideline.",
      "Drilling: drilling wears drills at an accelerated rate, so use standard geometry drills and base hit counts on inspection of the plated holes.",
      "Dust: sweep or shovel dust into a container and avoid creating nuisance dust, per the Rogers product safety sheet."
    ],
    "good_for": [
      "Microstrip and stripline RF circuits at GHz frequencies: Rogers prints 3.48 plus or minus 0.05 at 10 GHz and a dissipation factor of 0.0037 at the same frequency.",
      "Board makers that want FR-4 processing for RF parts: Rogers says no sodium etch is needed for via preparation."
    ],
    "watch_out": [
      "The dielectric constant drifts 50 ppm/°C with temperature, so temperature-sensitive designs must use that coefficient.",
      "Process and design values differ: 3.48 is the process value at 10 GHz, and 3.66 is the design value over 8 to 40 GHz.",
      "Prolonged exposure to oxidative conditions can change dielectric properties, and Rogers asks users to test each design over the product life.",
      "Measured dielectric constant depends on the test method. The 2022 note says a clamped stripline method can lower the value because of air gaps."
    ],
    "verdict": "RO4350B is a practical RF laminate for GHz circuits built with FR-4 processes. The sources here give manufacturer typical values only, and no space or radiation data were found, so flight use needs its own test data.",
    "recipe": {
      "line": "Rogers does not print the full recipe for RO4350B. The datasheets describe a glass-reinforced hydrocarbon and ceramic thermoset with no PTFE, clad with electrodeposited copper foil, and give no percentages.",
      "parts": [
        {
          "name": "Hydrocarbon and ceramic thermoset resin",
          "role": "The dielectric matrix. Rogers describes it only as a glass-reinforced hydrocarbon and ceramic system with no PTFE."
        },
        {
          "name": "Woven glass fabric (1080 or 1674 style)",
          "role": "The reinforcement that gives the laminate its rigidity and the low Z-axis expansion Rogers describes."
        },
        {
          "name": "Electrodeposited copper foil",
          "role": "The conductor cladding, offered in several foil weights from half an ounce to two ounces."
        }
      ]
    },
    "risk_groups": [
      {
        "title": "For people",
        "lead": "The series product safety sheet names machining dust and fumes from overheating as the hazards, and gives no GHS classification for the laminate.",
        "points": [
          {
            "label": "Hazard data",
            "line": "The English safety sheet covers the RO4000 series as one product, not RO4350B alone. Get the grade's own safety data sheet before machining the board."
          },
          {
            "label": "Copper cladding",
            "line": "PubChem lists copper metal as very toxic to aquatic life, with the signal word Warning. The sheet says to keep the laminate out of sewers, surface water and soil."
          },
          {
            "label": "Flame rating",
            "line": "Standard RO4350B is rated UL 94 V-0. That is a flame rating for the laminate, not a hazard classification."
          }
        ],
        "level": 0,
        "verdict": "Dust and fume hazards; no GHS class on record"
      },
      {
        "title": "In service",
        "lead": "Rogers describes the risks in service in terms of temperature and oxidation.",
        "points": [
          {
            "label": "Oxidation over life",
            "line": "Rogers says prolonged oxidative exposure can change the dielectric properties of hydrocarbon laminates, and the rate rises with temperature."
          },
          {
            "label": "Temperature",
            "line": "The dielectric constant changes by 50 ppm/°C across the range -50 °C to 150 °C."
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "updated": "2026-11-02",
  "review": {
    "status": "draft",
    "method": "assistant",
    "checked_values": 22,
    "unreachable": 0,
    "caveats": 0,
    "note": "Written by an AI assistant from the 2016 Rogers datasheet, with the 2022 and 2005 Rogers datasheets and the USGS copper chapter read in the same run. Only numbers read in this run are recorded. verify-values: 22 of 22 values found in the cited source text. validate-profiles: 0 with errors. Deepened 2026-11-02 with the English RO4000 product safety information sheet (2022, series-level), the Rogers RO4003C/RO4350B/RO4835 processing guideline (2021) and PubChem GHS data for copper metal, for hazards, handling and sources."
  },
  "sources": {
    "rogers-ds-2016": {
      "title": "RO4000 Series High Frequency Circuit Materials Data Sheet, RO4003C and RO4350B",
      "id": "Rogers Corporation, PUB# 92-004, revision printed as 101916 (read as 10/19/16); copy hosted by Eurocircuits",
      "url": "https://www.eurocircuits.com/content/uploads/2025/02/RO4000-Laminates-Data-sheet.pdf",
      "year": 2016,
      "kind": "datasheet",
      "license": "Rogers data sheet, cited not reproduced"
    },
    "rogers-ds-2022": {
      "title": "RO4000 Laminates with TICER TCR Thin Film Resistor Foils, data sheet",
      "id": "Rogers Corporation, Publication #92-134, revised 042922",
      "url": "https://rogerscorp.com/-/media/project/rogerscorp/documents/advanced-electronics-solutions/english/data-sheets/ro4000-laminates-with-ticer-tcr-thin-film-resistor-foils.pdf",
      "year": 2022,
      "kind": "datasheet",
      "license": "Rogers data sheet, cited not reproduced"
    },
    "rogers-ds-2005": {
      "title": "RO4000 Series High Frequency Circuit Materials Data Sheet, RO4003C and RO4350B",
      "id": "Rogers Corporation, Publication #92-112, revised 12/16/05; copy on advancedpcb.com",
      "url": "https://advancedpcb.com/getattachment/9b77fb58-4972-44fb-bced-ec1759236012/Rogers_ro4000ds_4.pdf",
      "year": 2005,
      "kind": "datasheet",
      "license": "Rogers data sheet, cited not reproduced"
    },
    "rogers-product-page": {
      "title": "RO4350B laminates, Rogers Corporation product page",
      "id": "Rogers Corporation, RO4000 series laminates, RO4350B",
      "url": "https://rogerscorp.com/advanced-electronics-solutions/ro4000-series-laminates/ro4350b-laminates",
      "kind": "web",
      "license": "Manufacturer web page, cited not reproduced"
    },
    "usgs-mcs2026-copper": {
      "title": "Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026: Copper",
      "id": "USGS, Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026, copper chapter",
      "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-copper.pdf",
      "year": 2026,
      "kind": "report",
      "license": "US Government work"
    },
    "rogers-psis-2022": {
      "title": "RO4000 Series Laminates, Product Safety Information Sheet (PSIS), English",
      "id": "Rogers Corporation, file 99038-RO4000 Series Laminates-07052022, date issued 07/05/2022",
      "url": "https://rogerscorp.com/-/media/project/rogerscorp/documents/ehs/advanced-connectivity-solutions/english/msds/psis---ro4000-series-laminates.pdf",
      "year": 2022,
      "kind": "datasheet",
      "license": "Rogers safety information sheet, cited not reproduced"
    },
    "rogers-fab-guide": {
      "title": "RO4003C, RO4350B and RO4835 Laminates Circuit Processing Guidelines",
      "id": "Rogers Corporation, Publication #92-433, revised 090221",
      "url": "https://www.RogersCorp.com/-/media/project/rogerscorp/documents/advanced-electronics-solutions/english/fabrication-information/fabrication-guidelines-ro4000-series-ro4003cro4350bro4835-laminates.pdf",
      "year": 2021,
      "kind": "handbook",
      "license": "Rogers processing guideline, cited not reproduced"
    },
    "pubchem-copper": {
      "title": "PubChem, Copper (CID 23978), Safety and Hazards, GHS Classification",
      "id": "NCBI PubChem compound record CID 23978, GHS Classification section",
      "url": "https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/rest/pug_view/data/compound/23978/JSON?heading=GHS+Classification",
      "kind": "database",
      "license": "PubChem data, cited not reproduced"
    }
  },
  "license": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "url": "https://spacemushroom.com/profiles/rogers-ro4350b/"
}