{ "spore": "profile", "id": "pvf-clear-tedlar", "spore_version": "0.2", "family": "fluoropolymers", "name": "Polyvinyl fluoride (clear Tedlar)", "abbreviation": "PVF", "role": "weatherable fluoropolymer film with good atomic oxygen resistance", "category": "polymers", "type": "fluoropolymers", "summary": "Clear Tedlar is a biaxially oriented polyvinyl fluoride film from DuPont with no plasticizers. On the NASA MISSE 2 flight it eroded under atomic oxygen at 3.19e-24 cm3/atom, close to Kapton H at 3.00e-24 in the same table, and a white pigmented Tedlar eroded at only 1.01e-25 because its titanium dioxide shields the polymer. DuPont rates its continuous use range at -72 to 107 degC.\n", "best_for": "Weatherable, tough, flexible thin film for outdoor or decorative surfaces where a pigment can shield it from atomic oxygen", "weakest_at": "Clear film erodes under atomic oxygen about as fast as Kapton H (NASA MISSE 2), so it needs pigment or a shield in low Earth orbit", "identity": { "formula": "(-CH2-CHF-)n", "cas": "24981-14-4", "designations": [], "source": "wiki-pvf", "where": "Chembox at the top of the page (formula and CAS 24981-14-4); repeat unit given as (-CH2CHF-)n in the lead. Atoms per repeat unit (C2H3F) from NASA/TM-2008-215490 Table V." }, "tags": { "environments": [ "low-earth-orbit" ], "stresses": [ "atomic-oxygen", "uv", "vacuum-and-outgassing" ], "applications": [ "electronics-and-chips", "thermal-control" ] }, "properties": [ { "benchmark": "density", "label": "Density (clear PVF, MISSE 2 sample)", "value": 1.3792, "bound": "exact", "unit": "g/cm3", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "form": "clear Tedlar film used on MISSE 2", "test_standard": "density gradient column (ref. 12 in the NASA report)" }, "method": "Value printed in the NASA table of polymer densities", "status": "ground", "source": "banks2008", "where": "Table II (Density, PVF Clear Tedlar row)", "source_detail": { "title": "Atomic Oxygen Erosion Yield Predictive Tool for Spacecraft Polymers in Low Earth Orbit", "id": "NASA/TM-2008-215490, NTRS 20090011780", "url": "https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/20090011780", "year": 2008, "kind": "report", "license": "public domain (NASA)" } }, { "benchmark": "density", "label": "Density range (Tedlar PVF film)", "value": 1.37, "value_high": 1.72, "bound": "exact", "unit": "g/cc", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "form": "DuPont Tedlar PVF film, all types", "test_standard": "ASTM D-1505" }, "method": "Typical-value range printed in the DuPont general properties table", "status": "ground", "source": "tedlar-gp", "where": "Table 1 (General Properties), Density row", "source_detail": { "title": "DuPont Tedlar PVF Films: General Properties", "id": "DuPont Tedlar General Properties (mirror at polymerfilms.com, uploaded 2023)", "url": "https://polymerfilms.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/DuPont_Tedlar-General-Properties.pdf", "year": 2023, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "manufacturer datasheet" } }, { "benchmark": "atomic_oxygen_erosion_yield", "label": "Atomic oxygen erosion yield, clear PVF (MISSE 2)", "value": 3.19e-24, "bound": "exact", "unit": "cm3/atom", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "environment": "low Earth orbit, ISS, MISSE 2 PEACE tray", "fluence": "8.43e21 atoms/cm2 (from the NASA report text)" }, "method": "Measured on the MISSE 2 PEACE flight sample and reported in the NASA predictive-tool report", "status": "flight", "source": "banks2008", "where": "Table I (MISSE 2 PEACE polymers erosion yield data, PVF clear Tedlar row); section 2.2 gives the fluence", "source_detail": { "title": "Atomic Oxygen Erosion Yield Predictive Tool for Spacecraft Polymers in Low Earth Orbit", "id": "NASA/TM-2008-215490, NTRS 20090011780", "url": "https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/20090011780", "year": 2008, "kind": "report", "license": "public domain (NASA)" } }, { "benchmark": "atomic_oxygen_erosion_yield", "label": "Atomic oxygen erosion yield, white pigmented PVF (MISSE 2)", "value": 1.01e-25, "bound": "exact", "unit": "cm3/atom", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "environment": "low Earth orbit, ISS, MISSE 2 PEACE tray", "form": "crystalline PVF with white (titanium dioxide) pigment" }, "method": "Measured on the MISSE 2 PEACE flight sample; the NASA report attributes the difference to pigment shielding", "status": "flight", "source": "banks2008", "where": "Table I (PVF white pigment row); section 2.2 text on pigment shielding", "source_detail": { "title": "Atomic Oxygen Erosion Yield Predictive Tool for Spacecraft Polymers in Low Earth Orbit", "id": "NASA/TM-2008-215490, NTRS 20090011780", "url": "https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/20090011780", "year": 2008, "kind": "report", "license": "public domain (NASA)" } }, { "benchmark": "min_service_temp", "label": "Continuous use lower limit", "value": -72, "bound": "exact", "unit": "degC", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "form": "DuPont Tedlar PVF film", "use": "continuous use" }, "method": "Printed manufacturer temperature range (printed as -72 to 107 degC, -98 to 225 degF)", "status": "ground", "source": "tedlar-gp", "where": "Table 1 (General Properties), Temperature Range, Continuous Use row", "source_detail": { "title": "DuPont Tedlar PVF Films: General Properties", "id": "DuPont Tedlar General Properties (mirror at polymerfilms.com, uploaded 2023)", "url": "https://polymerfilms.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/DuPont_Tedlar-General-Properties.pdf", "year": 2023, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "manufacturer datasheet" } }, { "benchmark": "max_service_temp", "label": "Continuous use upper limit", "value": 107, "bound": "exact", "unit": "degC", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "form": "DuPont Tedlar PVF film", "use": "continuous use" }, "method": "Printed manufacturer temperature range (printed as -72 to 107 degC, -98 to 225 degF)", "status": "ground", "source": "tedlar-gp", "where": "Table 1 (General Properties), Temperature Range, Continuous Use row", "source_detail": { "title": "DuPont Tedlar PVF Films: General Properties", "id": "DuPont Tedlar General Properties (mirror at polymerfilms.com, uploaded 2023)", "url": "https://polymerfilms.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/DuPont_Tedlar-General-Properties.pdf", "year": 2023, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "manufacturer datasheet" } }, { "benchmark": "zero_strength_temperature", "label": "Zero strength temperature", "value": 260, "value_high": 300, "bound": "exact", "unit": "degC", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "test_method": "hot bar" }, "method": "Range printed in the DuPont general properties table (printed as 260 to 300 degC, 500 to 570 degF)", "status": "ground", "source": "tedlar-gp", "where": "Table 1 (General Properties), Temperature Range, Zero Strength row", "source_detail": { "title": "DuPont Tedlar PVF Films: General Properties", "id": "DuPont Tedlar General Properties (mirror at polymerfilms.com, uploaded 2023)", "url": "https://polymerfilms.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/DuPont_Tedlar-General-Properties.pdf", "year": 2023, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "manufacturer datasheet" } }, { "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength", "label": "Ultimate tensile strength (ASTM D-882)", "value": 8, "value_high": 16, "bound": "exact", "unit": "kpsi", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "test_standard": "ASTM D-882", "temperature": "22 degC (72 degF)" }, "method": "Printed as 8 to 16 x 10^3 psi in the DuPont table; entered as kpsi with the same numbers", "status": "ground", "source": "tedlar-gp", "where": "Table 1 (General Properties), Ultimate Tensile Strength row", "source_detail": { "title": "DuPont Tedlar PVF Films: General Properties", "id": "DuPont Tedlar General Properties (mirror at polymerfilms.com, uploaded 2023)", "url": "https://polymerfilms.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/DuPont_Tedlar-General-Properties.pdf", "year": 2023, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "manufacturer datasheet" } }, { "benchmark": "elongation", "label": "Ultimate elongation (ASTM D-882)", "value": 90, "value_high": 250, "bound": "exact", "unit": "%", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "test_standard": "ASTM D-882", "temperature": "22 degC (72 degF)" }, "method": "Typical range printed in the DuPont table", "status": "ground", "source": "tedlar-gp", "where": "Table 1 (General Properties), Ultimate Elongation row", "source_detail": { "title": "DuPont Tedlar PVF Films: General Properties", "id": "DuPont Tedlar General Properties (mirror at polymerfilms.com, uploaded 2023)", "url": "https://polymerfilms.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/DuPont_Tedlar-General-Properties.pdf", "year": 2023, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "manufacturer datasheet" } }, { "benchmark": "moisture_absorption", "label": "Moisture absorption (upper limit)", "value": 0.5, "bound": "exact", "unit": "%", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "test_method": "water immersion", "temperature": "22 degC (72 degF)", "note": "printed as less than 0.5 percent for most types" }, "method": "Upper bound printed in the DuPont table; not a typical value", "status": "ground", "source": "tedlar-gp", "where": "Table 1 (General Properties), Moisture Absorption row", "source_detail": { "title": "DuPont Tedlar PVF Films: General Properties", "id": "DuPont Tedlar General Properties (mirror at polymerfilms.com, uploaded 2023)", "url": "https://polymerfilms.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/DuPont_Tedlar-General-Properties.pdf", "year": 2023, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "manufacturer datasheet" } }, { "benchmark": "refractive_index", "label": "Refractive index (nD)", "value": 1.46, "bound": "exact", "unit": "nD", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "test_method": "ASTM D-542 Abbe refractometer", "temperature": "30 degC (86 degF)" }, "method": "Value printed in the DuPont table", "status": "ground", "source": "tedlar-gp", "where": "Table 1 (General Properties), Refractive Index row", "source_detail": { "title": "DuPont Tedlar PVF Films: General Properties", "id": "DuPont Tedlar General Properties (mirror at polymerfilms.com, uploaded 2023)", "url": "https://polymerfilms.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/DuPont_Tedlar-General-Properties.pdf", "year": 2023, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "manufacturer datasheet" } }, { "benchmark": "cte", "label": "Linear coefficient of expansion", "value": 0.000028, "bound": "exact", "unit": "in/in/degF", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "form": "Tedlar PVF film" }, "method": "Value printed in the DuPont table as 2.8 x 10-5 in/in/degF", "status": "ground", "source": "tedlar-gp", "where": "Table 1 (General Properties), Thermal, Linear Coefficient of Expansion row", "source_detail": { "title": "DuPont Tedlar PVF Films: General Properties", "id": "DuPont Tedlar General Properties (mirror at polymerfilms.com, uploaded 2023)", "url": "https://polymerfilms.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/DuPont_Tedlar-General-Properties.pdf", "year": 2023, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "manufacturer datasheet" } }, { "benchmark": "molar_mass", "label": "Molar mass of the repeat unit (C2H3F)", "value": 46.0437, "bound": "exact", "unit": "g/mol", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "basis": "repeat unit C2H3F" }, "method": "Value printed in the NASA table of atomic mass units per repeat unit", "status": "calculated", "source": "banks2008", "where": "Table IV (Atomic mass units, g/mole, PVF clear row)", "source_detail": { "title": "Atomic Oxygen Erosion Yield Predictive Tool for Spacecraft Polymers in Low Earth Orbit", "id": "NASA/TM-2008-215490, NTRS 20090011780", "url": "https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/20090011780", "year": 2008, "kind": "report", "license": "public domain (NASA)" } } ], "corrosion": [ { "environment": "Atomic oxygen in low Earth orbit", "headline": "Clear PVF eroded at about the same rate as Kapton H on the ISS, but pigmented PVF eroded about 30 times more slowly.", "effect": "MISSE 2 erosion yield was 3.19e-24 cm3/atom for clear PVF, against 3.00e-24 for Kapton H, and 1.01e-25 for white pigmented PVF. The NASA report says titanium dioxide pigment shields the film.", "rating": "moderate", "conditions": { "flight": "MISSE 2, fluence 8.43e21 atoms/cm2" }, "source": "banks2008", "where": "Table I; section 2.2" }, { "environment": "Sunlight and weathering", "headline": "DuPont rates Tedlar as having excellent weathering resistance.", "effect": "The DuPont table lists weatherability as excellent for Florida exposure facing south at 45 degrees. The brochure says outdoor weathering tests on pigmented films have run for more than 20 years. A 2025 Frontiers review attributes the aging resistance of Tedlar composite films to inorganic fillers that block light.", "rating": "severe", "conditions": { "exposure": "Florida, facing south at 45 degrees to horizontal" }, "source": "tedlar-gp", "where": "Table 1, Weatherability row; Summary of Properties text" }, { "environment": "Heat ageing", "headline": "Tedlar has no plasticizers, so it keeps its properties on heat ageing.", "effect": "DuPont lists an aging test of 3000 hours in a circulating air oven at 150 degC for Tedlar, without a retained-property figure. The sheet says the lack of plasticizer gives good aging properties.", "rating": "severe", "conditions": { "test": "3000 hr circulating air oven at 150 degC" }, "source": "tedlar-gp", "where": "Table 1, Aging row; Summary of Properties text" }, { "environment": "Chemical exposure", "headline": "PVF shows no visible effect after one year of immersion in acids, bases and solvents at 25 degC.", "effect": "DuPont reports no visible effect after 1 year immersion at 25 degC and after 2 hours at boiling for acids, bases and solvents, and says strength and appearance were not affected by 5 years soil burial.", "rating": "severe", "conditions": { "test": "1 yr immersion at 25 degC; 2 hr at boiling" }, "source": "tedlar-gp", "where": "Table 1, Chemical Resistance rows" } ], "risks": { "hazards": [], "failure_risks": [ { "mode": "Clear film erodes under atomic oxygen", "trigger": "Exposed clear PVF in low Earth orbit with no pigment or shield", "consequence": "Erosion yield of 3.19e-24 cm3/atom on MISSE 2, about 30 times the yield of the white pigmented film", "source": "banks2008", "where": "Table I; section 2.2" } ], "side_effects": [], "handling": [], "mitigations": [ { "text": "Add a white or pigmented titanium dioxide layer, which the NASA report measured at 1.01e-25 cm3/atom on MISSE 2", "source": "banks2008", "where": "Table I; section 2.2" } ] }, "uses": [ { "application": "electronics-and-chips", "device": "Printed circuit board and composite part release sheet (Tedlar S surface)", "example": "DuPont says the S surface has excellent anti-stick properties and is especially suited as a release sheet for printed circuit board and composite part fabrication.", "source": "tedlar-brochure", "where": "Summary text, paragraph on the S surface" }, { "application": "thermal-control", "device": "Clear PVF film on the MISSE 2 PEACE tray exposed outside the ISS airlock", "example": "Clear PVF was one of the polymers flown on MISSE 2 to measure atomic oxygen erosion in low Earth orbit (2001 to 2005).", "source": "banks2008", "where": "Table I (flight data for the MISSE 2 PEACE polymers)" } ], "supply": [ { "subject": "Fluorine feedstock (fluorspar, calcium fluoride)", "producers": [ { "country": "China", "share_percent": 60, "year": 2025 }, { "country": "Mexico", "share_percent": 15, "year": 2025 }, { "country": "Mongolia", "share_percent": 15, "year": 2025 }, { "country": "South Africa", "share_percent": 4.1, "year": 2025 } ], "critical_lists": [], "recycling": "USGS: synthetic fluorspar may be produced from neutralization of waste in uranium enrichment, petroleum alkylation and stainless-steel pickling, though undesirable impurities constrain its use.", "substitutes": [ "USGS: fluosilicic acid from phosphate rock has been used as an alternative to fluorspar (about 73,000 tons of fluorspar equivalent was recovered in 2025)." ], "source": "usgs-mcs2026-fluorspar", "where": "World Mine Production and Reserves table, 2025; Recycling and Substitutes sections. Shares are calculated by Space Mushroom against the printed world total of 10,000 thousand t, so they are approximate." }, { "subject": "PVF film producer", "producers": [ { "country": "United States", "year": 2026 } ], "critical_lists": [], "substitutes": [], "source": "tedlar-brochure", "where": "Title and product name (DuPont Tedlar PVF films); the brochure gives no production share" } ], "media": [], "documents": [], "gaps": [ "Not entered: a melting point from a primary source. Wikipedia gives 185 to 210 degC but is limited to history and composition in this profile.", "Not entered: the NASA erosion-prediction value 1.38e-24 cm3/atom (Table VII), because its benchmark is a model prediction and no canonical name fits.", "No hazard data: the ChemicalBook PVF safety sheet has no GHS data, and PubChem (CID search page) was blocked by a captcha in this run, so hazards and GHS codes are left empty.", "No handling guidance from a manufacturer safety sheet was read in this run.", "The MISSE-S post-flight report (De Groh, NTRS 20070031938) mentions Tedlar specimens on the anti-solar side with low UV exposure, but its tables are OCR text and no Tedlar number was legible, so none is entered.", "The Frontiers 2025 review was read for qualitative aging claims only; it gives no PVF number.", "No PVF radiation dose, thermal-cycling or outgassing value from a fetched page was found; the passport's 3.95-year duration and -30 to 40 degC range were not re-read, so they are not entered.", "The DuPont table's dielectric and volume resistivity columns are split across grades, so none is entered.", "Erosion yield is entered under the snake_case name atomic_oxygen_erosion_yield because no canonical name exists in property-canon.yaml.", "zero_strength_temperature is a snake_case name not in property-canon.yaml.", "Atomic weights: NIST gives C as [12.0096, 12.0116] and H as [1.00784, 1.00811]; the parts list uses the lower bound of each interval." ], "story": { "why": "Polyvinyl fluoride is a tough, flexible fluoropolymer film. Clear Tedlar eroded under atomic oxygen on MISSE 2 at about the rate of Kapton H, but its white pigmented form eroded about 30 times more slowly.", "uses": [ { "where": "Printed circuit board fabrication", "line": "DuPont says the S surface of Tedlar is especially suited as a release sheet for printed circuit board and composite part fabrication." }, { "where": "MISSE 2 flight test", "line": "Clear PVF was flown outside the ISS airlock on MISSE 2 from 2001 to 2005 to measure atomic oxygen erosion." } ], "can_do": [ { "label": "Atomic oxygen", "line": "Clear PVF eroded at 3.19 × 10⁻²⁴ cm³/atom on MISSE 2, close to Kapton H at 3.00 × 10⁻²⁴ in the same table.", "scope": "material", "value": "3.19e-24 cm3/atom (clear)" }, { "label": "Pigmented atomic oxygen", "line": "White pigmented PVF eroded at 1.01 × 10⁻²⁵ cm³/atom, because titanium dioxide shields the polymer.", "scope": "material", "value": "1.01e-25 cm3/atom (white)" }, { "label": "Continuous use", "line": "DuPont rates continuous use from -72 to 107 degC.", "scope": "material", "value": "-72 to 107 degC" } ], "compare": "On the MISSE 2 flight, clear PVF eroded at 3.19 × 10⁻²⁴ cm³/atom, against 3.00 × 10⁻²⁴ for Kapton H in the same NASA table, while white pigmented PVF eroded at only 1.01 × 10⁻²⁵. Its tensile strength and elongation are modest, with DuPont giving 8 to 16 kpsi and 90 to 250 percent elongation.", "compare_rows": [ { "label": "Atomic oxygen erosion yield (MISSE 2)", "benchmark": "atomic_oxygen_erosion_yield", "scope": "material" }, { "label": "Continuous use upper limit", "benchmark": "max_service_temp", "scope": "material" }, { "label": "Density", "benchmark": "density", "scope": "material" } ], "handling": [ "No manufacturer hazard or handling sheet was read in this run, so handling guidance is not given here.", "Pigmented film is the better choice where atomic oxygen is expected, since the clear film eroded about 30 times faster." ], "good_for": [ "Weatherable, tough flexible film for outdoor or decorative surfaces (DuPont).", "Release sheet for printed circuit board and composite part fabrication (DuPont).", "Pigmented films where atomic oxygen resistance matters, such as the white Tedlar on MISSE 2 (NASA)." ], "watch_out": [ "Atomic oxygen. The clear film eroded at 3.19 × 10⁻²⁴ cm³/atom on MISSE 2, so it needs a pigment or a shield in low Earth orbit.", "Temperature. DuPont rates continuous use to 107 degC and zero strength at 260 to 300 degC.", "Gaps in the record. No hazard sheet, PubChem record, melting point or radiation value was read in this run." ], "verdict": "Clear Tedlar is a weatherable, flexible fluoropolymer film with good aging and chemical resistance, but on the MISSE 2 flight it eroded in low Earth orbit about as fast as Kapton H. Pigmented PVF is much more durable under atomic oxygen, so the pigment is the key choice for space use.", "recipe": { "line": "PVF is made by polymerizing vinyl fluoride, C2H3F, usually by suspension or emulsion polymerization in water with peroxide or azo initiators (Wikipedia). The polymer is then dissolved, mixed with additives, cast or extruded, and biaxially oriented into thin film (Wikipedia, DuPont). Its repeat unit is C2H3F, with two carbons, three hydrogens and one fluorine (NASA Table V).", "parts": [ { "name": "Carbon", "symbol": "C", "role": "The two backbone carbons of each repeat unit.", "atoms": 2, "atomic_weight": 12.0096 }, { "name": "Hydrogen", "symbol": "H", "role": "Three hydrogens on the backbone carbons.", "atoms": 3, "atomic_weight": 1.00784 }, { "name": "Fluorine", "symbol": "F", "role": "One fluorine on the backbone, which makes the polymer a fluoropolymer.", "atoms": 1, "atomic_weight": 18.998403163 } ] }, "risk_groups": [ { "title": "For people", "lead": "No manufacturer safety data sheet or GHS classification for PVF was read in this run, so no hazard is stated for people.", "points": [ { "label": "Not checked", "line": "The ChemicalBook PVF safety sheet has no hazard data, and PubChem was blocked in this run." } ], "level": 1, "verdict": "No hazard sheet was read; treat as a plastic film" } ] }, "updated": "2026-10-20", "review": { "status": "draft", "method": "assistant", "checked_values": 13, "unreachable": 1, "caveats": 3, "note": "Written by an AI assistant on 2026-10-20. Values were read from NASA TM-2008-215490 (text extracted with pdftotext), the DuPont Tedlar general properties table and brochure, and NIST pages fetched in this run. PubChem was blocked by a captcha. Wikipedia was used for composition and history only." }, "sources": { "banks2008": { "title": "Atomic Oxygen Erosion Yield Predictive Tool for Spacecraft Polymers in Low Earth Orbit", "id": "NASA/TM-2008-215490, NTRS 20090011780", "url": "https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/20090011780", "year": 2008, "kind": "report", "license": "public domain (NASA)" }, "usgs-mcs2026-fluorspar": { "title": "Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026: Fluorspar (USGS)", "id": "USGS MCS 2026, February 2026", "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-fluorspar.pdf", "year": 2026, "kind": "report", "license": "public domain (USGS)" }, "tedlar-gp": { "title": "DuPont Tedlar PVF Films: General Properties", "id": "DuPont Tedlar General Properties (mirror at polymerfilms.com, uploaded 2023)", "url": "https://polymerfilms.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/DuPont_Tedlar-General-Properties.pdf", "year": 2023, "kind": "datasheet", "license": "manufacturer datasheet" }, "tedlar-brochure": { "title": "DuPont Tedlar Polyvinyl Fluoride (PVF) Films brochure", "id": "DuPont Tedlar PVF brochure 3 (mirror at metalcoffeeshop.com)", "url": "https://www.metalcoffeeshop.com/uploads/media/2022/01/dupont-tedlar-polyvinyl-fluoride-pvf-films-brochure-3.pdf", "kind": "datasheet", "license": "manufacturer brochure" }, "nasa-misse-s-de-groh": { "title": "Post-Flight Analysis of Selected Fluorocarbon and Other Thin Film Polymer Specimens flown on MISSE-S (De Groh et al.)", "id": "NTRS 20070031938", "url": "https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/20070031938/downloads/20070031938.pdf", "year": 2007, "kind": "report", "license": "public domain (NASA)" }, "frontiers2025": { "title": "Frontiers in Materials 2025 article on Tedlar PVF composite films (doi 10.3389/fmats.2025.1531950)", "id": "doi 10.3389/fmats.2025.1531950", "url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/materials/articles/10.3389/fmats.2025.1531950/pdf", "year": 2025, "kind": "paper", "license": "open access" }, "nist-atomic-weights": { "title": "Atomic Weights and Isotopic Compositions (NIST)", "id": "NIST Physical Measurement Laboratory, carbon, hydrogen and fluorine tables", "url": "https://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/Compositions/stand_alone.pl", "kind": "database", "license": "public domain (NIST)" }, "wiki-pvf": { "title": "Polyvinyl fluoride (Wikipedia)", "id": "CAS 24981-14-4; history and composition only", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyvinyl_fluoride", "kind": "web", "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0" } }, "license": "CC-BY-4.0", "url": "https://spacemushroom.com/profiles/pvf-clear-tedlar/" }