{
  "spore": "profile",
  "id": "pps",
  "spore_version": "0.2",
  "family": "high-performance-polymers",
  "name": "Polyphenylene sulfide",
  "abbreviation": "PPS",
  "role": "high-temperature thermoplastic for moulded electrical, fluid-handling and automotive parts",
  "category": "polymers",
  "type": "high-performance",
  "summary": "Polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) is a semicrystalline high-performance thermoplastic with the repeat unit [C6H4S]n. The unfilled Ensinger TECATRON natural has a density of 1.36 g/cm3 and a melting temperature of 536 °F, and a tensile strength at yield of 13700 psi. The 40 % glass-filled grades read are stiffer and hotter: Celanese Fortron 1140L4 has a melting temperature of 280 °C (ISO 11357-3) and a deflection temperature of 265 °C at 1.8 MPa (ASTM D648), and Syensqo Ryton R-4-200BL has a density of 1.68 g/cm3 and the same 265 °C deflection temperature. A Gund Company outgassing table lists Ryton PPS at 0.09 % total mass loss and 0.00 % CVCM. No atomic-oxygen erosion yield for PPS was found in the NASA sources read.\n",
  "best_for": "Glass-filled moulded parts that run hot and must stay stiff: 40 % glass grades with a 265 °C deflection temperature at 1.8 MPa (ASTM D648)",
  "weakest_at": "Ductility: elongation at break is 1.5 % to 2.5 % in the grades read, and no PPS atomic-oxygen erosion yield was found",
  "identity": {
    "formula": "[C6H4S]n, repeat unit of poly(p-phenylene sulfide), made from sodium sulfide and 1,4-dichlorobenzene",
    "cas": "26125-40-6",
    "designations": [
      {
        "system": "Trade name",
        "code": "Ryton",
        "source": "wikipedia-pps",
        "where": "Manufacturers and trade names section, Ryton, Solvay Specialty Polymers"
      },
      {
        "system": "Trade name",
        "code": "Fortron",
        "source": "wikipedia-pps",
        "where": "Manufacturers and trade names section, Fortron, Ticona"
      },
      {
        "system": "Trade name",
        "code": "DURAFIDE",
        "source": "wikipedia-pps",
        "where": "Manufacturers and trade names section, DURAFIDE, Polyplastics"
      },
      {
        "system": "Trade name",
        "code": "TECATRON",
        "source": "ensinger-tecatron-natural",
        "where": "Product name in the page heading, TECATRON PPS natural"
      }
    ],
    "source": "mcam-techtron-sds",
    "where": "Section 3 Composition, row Polyphenylene Sulfide, CAS No. 26125-40-6 (product SDS for Techtron HPV PPS); repeat unit from the Wikipedia Production section"
  },
  "tags": {
    "environments": [],
    "stresses": [
      "vacuum-and-outgassing",
      "extreme-heat"
    ],
    "applications": [
      "electronics-and-chips",
      "mechanisms"
    ]
  },
  "properties": [
    {
      "benchmark": "density",
      "label": "Density, TECATRON natural (unfilled PPS)",
      "value": 1.36,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "g/cm3",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "TECATRON natural, unfilled",
        "test": "not printed on the page"
      },
      "method": "Value listed on the manufacturer product page",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "ensinger-tecatron-natural",
      "where": "Facts block, Density row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "TECATRON natural (PPS), Ensinger product page, mechanical, thermal, electrical and other properties",
        "id": "Product page, tables under Technical details",
        "url": "https://www.ensingerplastics.com/en-us/shapes/products/tecatron-natural",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer web page, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "melting_point",
      "label": "Melting temperature, TECATRON natural (unfilled PPS)",
      "value": 536,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "°F",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "TECATRON natural, unfilled",
        "norm": "not printed on the page"
      },
      "method": "Value listed in the manufacturer thermal properties table",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "ensinger-tecatron-natural",
      "where": "Thermal properties table, Melting temperature row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "TECATRON natural (PPS), Ensinger product page, mechanical, thermal, electrical and other properties",
        "id": "Product page, tables under Technical details",
        "url": "https://www.ensingerplastics.com/en-us/shapes/products/tecatron-natural",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer web page, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "heat_deflection_temperature",
      "label": "Deflection temperature at 66 psi, TECATRON natural",
      "value": 400,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "°F",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "TECATRON natural, unfilled",
        "load": "66 psi"
      },
      "method": "ASTM D 648, as printed",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "ensinger-tecatron-natural",
      "where": "Thermal properties table, Deflection temperature row, @ 66 psi",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "TECATRON natural (PPS), Ensinger product page, mechanical, thermal, electrical and other properties",
        "id": "Product page, tables under Technical details",
        "url": "https://www.ensingerplastics.com/en-us/shapes/products/tecatron-natural",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer web page, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "heat_deflection_temperature",
      "label": "Deflection temperature at 264 psi, TECATRON natural",
      "value": 220,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "°F",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "TECATRON natural, unfilled",
        "load": "264 psi"
      },
      "method": "ASTM D 648, as printed",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "ensinger-tecatron-natural",
      "where": "Thermal properties table, Deflection temperature row, @264 psi",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "TECATRON natural (PPS), Ensinger product page, mechanical, thermal, electrical and other properties",
        "id": "Product page, tables under Technical details",
        "url": "https://www.ensingerplastics.com/en-us/shapes/products/tecatron-natural",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer web page, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "max_service_temp",
      "label": "Service temperature, long term, TECATRON natural",
      "value": 338,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "°F",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "TECATRON natural, unfilled",
        "duration": "long term"
      },
      "method": "Value listed in the manufacturer thermal properties table",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "ensinger-tecatron-natural",
      "where": "Thermal properties table, Service temperature row, Long Term",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "TECATRON natural (PPS), Ensinger product page, mechanical, thermal, electrical and other properties",
        "id": "Product page, tables under Technical details",
        "url": "https://www.ensingerplastics.com/en-us/shapes/products/tecatron-natural",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer web page, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "yield_strength",
      "label": "Tensile strength at yield, TECATRON natural",
      "value": 13700,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "psi",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "TECATRON natural, unfilled",
        "temperature": "73 °F"
      },
      "method": "ASTM D 638, as printed",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "ensinger-tecatron-natural",
      "where": "Mechanical properties table, Tensile strength at yield row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "TECATRON natural (PPS), Ensinger product page, mechanical, thermal, electrical and other properties",
        "id": "Product page, tables under Technical details",
        "url": "https://www.ensingerplastics.com/en-us/shapes/products/tecatron-natural",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer web page, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "elastic_modulus",
      "label": "Modulus of elasticity, tensile test, TECATRON natural",
      "value": 836700,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "psi",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "TECATRON natural, unfilled",
        "temperature": "73 °F"
      },
      "method": "ASTM D 638, as printed",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "ensinger-tecatron-natural",
      "where": "Mechanical properties table, Modulus of elasticity (tensile test) row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "TECATRON natural (PPS), Ensinger product page, mechanical, thermal, electrical and other properties",
        "id": "Product page, tables under Technical details",
        "url": "https://www.ensingerplastics.com/en-us/shapes/products/tecatron-natural",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer web page, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "elongation",
      "label": "Elongation at break, TECATRON natural",
      "value": 2.5,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "%",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "TECATRON natural, unfilled",
        "temperature": "73 °F"
      },
      "method": "ASTM D 638, as printed",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "ensinger-tecatron-natural",
      "where": "Mechanical properties table, Elongation at break (tensile test) row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "TECATRON natural (PPS), Ensinger product page, mechanical, thermal, electrical and other properties",
        "id": "Product page, tables under Technical details",
        "url": "https://www.ensingerplastics.com/en-us/shapes/products/tecatron-natural",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer web page, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "flexural_strength",
      "label": "Flexural strength, TECATRON natural",
      "value": 20400,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "psi",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "TECATRON natural, unfilled",
        "temperature": "73 °F"
      },
      "method": "ASTM D 790, as printed",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "ensinger-tecatron-natural",
      "where": "Mechanical properties table, Flexural strength row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "TECATRON natural (PPS), Ensinger product page, mechanical, thermal, electrical and other properties",
        "id": "Product page, tables under Technical details",
        "url": "https://www.ensingerplastics.com/en-us/shapes/products/tecatron-natural",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer web page, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "flexural_modulus",
      "label": "Modulus of elasticity, flexural test, TECATRON natural",
      "value": 631100,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "psi",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "TECATRON natural, unfilled",
        "temperature": "73 °F"
      },
      "method": "ASTM D 790, as printed",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "ensinger-tecatron-natural",
      "where": "Mechanical properties table, Modulus of elasticity (flexural test) row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "TECATRON natural (PPS), Ensinger product page, mechanical, thermal, electrical and other properties",
        "id": "Product page, tables under Technical details",
        "url": "https://www.ensingerplastics.com/en-us/shapes/products/tecatron-natural",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer web page, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "moisture_absorption",
      "label": "Moisture absorption, TECATRON natural",
      "value": 0.01,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "%",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "TECATRON natural, unfilled",
        "time": "24 hours",
        "temperature": "73 °F"
      },
      "method": "ASTM D 570, as printed",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "ensinger-tecatron-natural",
      "where": "Other properties table, Moisture absorption row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "TECATRON natural (PPS), Ensinger product page, mechanical, thermal, electrical and other properties",
        "id": "Product page, tables under Technical details",
        "url": "https://www.ensingerplastics.com/en-us/shapes/products/tecatron-natural",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer web page, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "dielectric_constant",
      "label": "Dielectric constant at 1 kHz, TECATRON natural",
      "value": 3,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "-",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "TECATRON natural, unfilled",
        "frequency": "1 kHz",
        "temperature": "73 °F, 50 % RH"
      },
      "method": "ASTM D 150, as printed",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "ensinger-tecatron-natural",
      "where": "Electrical properties table, Dielectric constant row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "TECATRON natural (PPS), Ensinger product page, mechanical, thermal, electrical and other properties",
        "id": "Product page, tables under Technical details",
        "url": "https://www.ensingerplastics.com/en-us/shapes/products/tecatron-natural",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer web page, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "dielectric_strength",
      "label": "Dielectric strength, TECATRON natural",
      "value": 450,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "V/mil",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "TECATRON natural, unfilled"
      },
      "method": "ASTM D 149, as printed",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "ensinger-tecatron-natural",
      "where": "Electrical properties table, Dielectric strength row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "TECATRON natural (PPS), Ensinger product page, mechanical, thermal, electrical and other properties",
        "id": "Product page, tables under Technical details",
        "url": "https://www.ensingerplastics.com/en-us/shapes/products/tecatron-natural",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer web page, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "density",
      "label": "Density, Fortron 1140L4 (40 % glass fibre)",
      "value": 1.65,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "g/cm3",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "Fortron 1140L4, 40 % glass fibre",
        "test_standard": "ISO 1183"
      },
      "method": "Nominal value printed in the technical data sheet",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "fortron-1140l4",
      "where": "Physical table, Density / Specific Gravity row, ISO 1183",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Fortron 1140L4, Celanese Corporation, technical data sheet (UL Prospector copy, TDS-239-en)",
        "id": "Form No. TDS-239-en, last updated 11/2/2016",
        "url": "https://protolabs.com/media/1t4hwpu5/fortron_pps-1140l4.pdf",
        "year": 2016,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer data sheet, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "glass_transition_temperature",
      "label": "Glass transition temperature, Fortron 1140L4",
      "value": 90,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "°C",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "Fortron 1140L4, 40 % glass fibre",
        "test_standard": "ISO 11357-2"
      },
      "method": "Nominal value printed in the technical data sheet",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "fortron-1140l4",
      "where": "Thermal table, Glass Transition Temperature row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Fortron 1140L4, Celanese Corporation, technical data sheet (UL Prospector copy, TDS-239-en)",
        "id": "Form No. TDS-239-en, last updated 11/2/2016",
        "url": "https://protolabs.com/media/1t4hwpu5/fortron_pps-1140l4.pdf",
        "year": 2016,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer data sheet, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "melting_point",
      "label": "Melting temperature, Fortron 1140L4",
      "value": 280,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "°C",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "Fortron 1140L4, 40 % glass fibre",
        "test_standard": "ISO 11357-3"
      },
      "method": "Nominal value printed in the technical data sheet",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "fortron-1140l4",
      "where": "Thermal table, Melting Temperature row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Fortron 1140L4, Celanese Corporation, technical data sheet (UL Prospector copy, TDS-239-en)",
        "id": "Form No. TDS-239-en, last updated 11/2/2016",
        "url": "https://protolabs.com/media/1t4hwpu5/fortron_pps-1140l4.pdf",
        "year": 2016,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer data sheet, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "heat_deflection_temperature",
      "label": "Deflection temperature under load, Fortron 1140L4, 0.45 MPa",
      "value": 280,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "°C",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "Fortron 1140L4, 40 % glass fibre",
        "load": "66 psi (0.45 MPa), unannealed",
        "test_standard": "ASTM D648"
      },
      "method": "Nominal value printed in the technical data sheet",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "fortron-1140l4",
      "where": "Thermal table, Deflection Temperature Under Load, 66 psi (0.45 MPa) Unannealed row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Fortron 1140L4, Celanese Corporation, technical data sheet (UL Prospector copy, TDS-239-en)",
        "id": "Form No. TDS-239-en, last updated 11/2/2016",
        "url": "https://protolabs.com/media/1t4hwpu5/fortron_pps-1140l4.pdf",
        "year": 2016,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer data sheet, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "heat_deflection_temperature",
      "label": "Deflection temperature under load, Fortron 1140L4, 1.8 MPa",
      "value": 265,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "°C",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "Fortron 1140L4, 40 % glass fibre",
        "load": "264 psi (1.8 MPa), unannealed",
        "test_standard": "ASTM D648"
      },
      "method": "Nominal value printed in the technical data sheet",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "fortron-1140l4",
      "where": "Thermal table, Deflection Temperature Under Load, 264 psi (1.8 MPa) Unannealed row, ASTM D648",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Fortron 1140L4, Celanese Corporation, technical data sheet (UL Prospector copy, TDS-239-en)",
        "id": "Form No. TDS-239-en, last updated 11/2/2016",
        "url": "https://protolabs.com/media/1t4hwpu5/fortron_pps-1140l4.pdf",
        "year": 2016,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer data sheet, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength",
      "label": "Tensile strength at break, Fortron 1140L4",
      "value": 200,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "MPa",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "Fortron 1140L4, 40 % glass fibre",
        "temperature": "73 °F (23 °C)",
        "test_standard": "ASTM D638"
      },
      "method": "Nominal value printed in the technical data sheet",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "fortron-1140l4",
      "where": "Mechanical table, Tensile Strength, Break 73 °F (23 °C), ASTM D638 row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Fortron 1140L4, Celanese Corporation, technical data sheet (UL Prospector copy, TDS-239-en)",
        "id": "Form No. TDS-239-en, last updated 11/2/2016",
        "url": "https://protolabs.com/media/1t4hwpu5/fortron_pps-1140l4.pdf",
        "year": 2016,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer data sheet, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "elongation",
      "label": "Elongation at break, Fortron 1140L4",
      "value": 1.7,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "%",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "Fortron 1140L4, 40 % glass fibre",
        "temperature": "73 °F (23 °C)",
        "test_standard": "ASTM D638"
      },
      "method": "Nominal value printed in the technical data sheet",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "fortron-1140l4",
      "where": "Mechanical table, Tensile Elongation, Break 73 °F (23 °C), ASTM D638 row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Fortron 1140L4, Celanese Corporation, technical data sheet (UL Prospector copy, TDS-239-en)",
        "id": "Form No. TDS-239-en, last updated 11/2/2016",
        "url": "https://protolabs.com/media/1t4hwpu5/fortron_pps-1140l4.pdf",
        "year": 2016,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer data sheet, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "elastic_modulus",
      "label": "Tensile modulus at 200 °C, Fortron 1140L4",
      "value": 3240,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "MPa",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "Fortron 1140L4, 40 % glass fibre",
        "temperature": "392 °F (200 °C)",
        "test_standard": "ASTM D638"
      },
      "method": "Nominal value printed in the technical data sheet",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "fortron-1140l4",
      "where": "Mechanical table, Tensile Modulus, 392 °F (200 °C) row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Fortron 1140L4, Celanese Corporation, technical data sheet (UL Prospector copy, TDS-239-en)",
        "id": "Form No. TDS-239-en, last updated 11/2/2016",
        "url": "https://protolabs.com/media/1t4hwpu5/fortron_pps-1140l4.pdf",
        "year": 2016,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer data sheet, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "flexural_modulus",
      "label": "Flexural modulus, Fortron 1140L4",
      "value": 14500,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "MPa",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "Fortron 1140L4, 40 % glass fibre",
        "temperature": "73 °F (23 °C)",
        "test_standard": "ISO 178"
      },
      "method": "Nominal value printed in the technical data sheet",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "fortron-1140l4",
      "where": "Mechanical table, Flexural Modulus row, ISO 178",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Fortron 1140L4, Celanese Corporation, technical data sheet (UL Prospector copy, TDS-239-en)",
        "id": "Form No. TDS-239-en, last updated 11/2/2016",
        "url": "https://protolabs.com/media/1t4hwpu5/fortron_pps-1140l4.pdf",
        "year": 2016,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer data sheet, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "flexural_strength",
      "label": "Flexural stress, Fortron 1140L4",
      "value": 285,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "MPa",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "Fortron 1140L4, 40 % glass fibre",
        "test_standard": "ISO 178"
      },
      "method": "Nominal value printed in the technical data sheet; the footnote marker on the row was not read",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "fortron-1140l4",
      "where": "Mechanical table, Flexural Stress row, ISO 178",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Fortron 1140L4, Celanese Corporation, technical data sheet (UL Prospector copy, TDS-239-en)",
        "id": "Form No. TDS-239-en, last updated 11/2/2016",
        "url": "https://protolabs.com/media/1t4hwpu5/fortron_pps-1140l4.pdf",
        "year": 2016,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer data sheet, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "cte",
      "label": "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion, flow direction, Fortron 1140L4",
      "value": 0.000026,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "cm/cm/°C",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "Fortron 1140L4, 40 % glass fibre",
        "direction": "flow",
        "test_standard": "ISO 11359-2"
      },
      "method": "Nominal value printed in the technical data sheet",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "fortron-1140l4",
      "where": "Thermal table, CLTE, Flow row, ISO 11359-2",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Fortron 1140L4, Celanese Corporation, technical data sheet (UL Prospector copy, TDS-239-en)",
        "id": "Form No. TDS-239-en, last updated 11/2/2016",
        "url": "https://protolabs.com/media/1t4hwpu5/fortron_pps-1140l4.pdf",
        "year": 2016,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer data sheet, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "moisture_absorption",
      "label": "Water absorption at saturation, Fortron 1140L4",
      "value": 0.02,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "%",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "Fortron 1140L4, 40 % glass fibre",
        "temperature": "73 °F (23 °C), saturation",
        "test_standard": "ISO 62"
      },
      "method": "Nominal value printed in the technical data sheet",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "fortron-1140l4",
      "where": "Physical table, Water Absorption (Saturation, 73 °F (23 °C)) row, ISO 62",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Fortron 1140L4, Celanese Corporation, technical data sheet (UL Prospector copy, TDS-239-en)",
        "id": "Form No. TDS-239-en, last updated 11/2/2016",
        "url": "https://protolabs.com/media/1t4hwpu5/fortron_pps-1140l4.pdf",
        "year": 2016,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer data sheet, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "dielectric_constant",
      "label": "Dielectric constant at 1 kHz, Fortron 1140L4",
      "value": 3.5,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "-",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "Fortron 1140L4, 40 % glass fibre",
        "frequency": "1 kHz",
        "test_standard": "ASTM D150"
      },
      "method": "Nominal value printed in the technical data sheet",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "fortron-1140l4",
      "where": "Electrical table, Dielectric Constant, 1 kHz row, ASTM D150",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Fortron 1140L4, Celanese Corporation, technical data sheet (UL Prospector copy, TDS-239-en)",
        "id": "Form No. TDS-239-en, last updated 11/2/2016",
        "url": "https://protolabs.com/media/1t4hwpu5/fortron_pps-1140l4.pdf",
        "year": 2016,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer data sheet, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "dissipation_factor",
      "label": "Dissipation factor at 1 kHz, Fortron 1140L4",
      "value": 0.001,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "-",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "Fortron 1140L4, 40 % glass fibre",
        "frequency": "1 kHz",
        "test_standard": "ASTM D150"
      },
      "method": "Nominal value printed in the technical data sheet",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "fortron-1140l4",
      "where": "Electrical table, Dissipation Factor, 1 kHz row, ASTM D150",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Fortron 1140L4, Celanese Corporation, technical data sheet (UL Prospector copy, TDS-239-en)",
        "id": "Form No. TDS-239-en, last updated 11/2/2016",
        "url": "https://protolabs.com/media/1t4hwpu5/fortron_pps-1140l4.pdf",
        "year": 2016,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer data sheet, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "dielectric_strength",
      "label": "Electric strength, Fortron 1140L4",
      "value": 28,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "kV/mm",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "Fortron 1140L4, 40 % glass fibre",
        "test_standard": "IEC 60243-1"
      },
      "method": "Nominal value printed in the technical data sheet",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "fortron-1140l4",
      "where": "Electrical table, Electric Strength row, IEC 60243-1",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Fortron 1140L4, Celanese Corporation, technical data sheet (UL Prospector copy, TDS-239-en)",
        "id": "Form No. TDS-239-en, last updated 11/2/2016",
        "url": "https://protolabs.com/media/1t4hwpu5/fortron_pps-1140l4.pdf",
        "year": 2016,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer data sheet, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "density",
      "label": "Density, Ryton R-4-200BL (40 % glass fibre)",
      "value": 1.68,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "g/cm3",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "Ryton R-4-200BL, 40 % glass fibre",
        "test_standard": "ASTM D792"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed on the technical data sheet",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "ryton-r4-200bl",
      "where": "Physical block, Density / Specific Gravity row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Ryton R-4-200BL, Syensqo technical data sheet (UL Prospector copy, TDS-41602-en)",
        "id": "Form No. TDS-41602-en, last updated 12/21/2020",
        "url": "https://protolabs.com/media/asnjuvia/ryton-r-4-200bl.pdf",
        "year": 2020,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer data sheet, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "heat_deflection_temperature",
      "label": "Deflection temperature under load, Ryton R-4-200BL, 1.8 MPa",
      "value": 265,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "°C",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "Ryton R-4-200BL, 40 % glass fibre",
        "load": "1.8 MPa, unannealed",
        "test_standard": "ASTM D648"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed on the technical data sheet",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "ryton-r4-200bl",
      "where": "Thermal block, Deflection Temperature Under Load, 1.8 MPa Unannealed row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Ryton R-4-200BL, Syensqo technical data sheet (UL Prospector copy, TDS-41602-en)",
        "id": "Form No. TDS-41602-en, last updated 12/21/2020",
        "url": "https://protolabs.com/media/asnjuvia/ryton-r-4-200bl.pdf",
        "year": 2020,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer data sheet, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength",
      "label": "Tensile strength, Ryton R-4-200BL",
      "value": 179,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "MPa",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "Ryton R-4-200BL, 40 % glass fibre",
        "test_standard": "ASTM D638"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed on the technical data sheet; row label not printed",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "ryton-r4-200bl",
      "where": "Mechanical block, Tensile Strength row, ASTM D638",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Ryton R-4-200BL, Syensqo technical data sheet (UL Prospector copy, TDS-41602-en)",
        "id": "Form No. TDS-41602-en, last updated 12/21/2020",
        "url": "https://protolabs.com/media/asnjuvia/ryton-r-4-200bl.pdf",
        "year": 2020,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer data sheet, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "elongation",
      "label": "Tensile elongation at break, Ryton R-4-200BL",
      "value": 1.5,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "%",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "Ryton R-4-200BL, 40 % glass fibre",
        "test_standard": "ASTM D638"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed on the technical data sheet",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "ryton-r4-200bl",
      "where": "Mechanical block, Tensile Elongation (Break) row, ASTM D638",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Ryton R-4-200BL, Syensqo technical data sheet (UL Prospector copy, TDS-41602-en)",
        "id": "Form No. TDS-41602-en, last updated 12/21/2020",
        "url": "https://protolabs.com/media/asnjuvia/ryton-r-4-200bl.pdf",
        "year": 2020,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer data sheet, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "flexural_modulus",
      "label": "Flexural modulus, Ryton R-4-200BL",
      "value": 14500,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "MPa",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "Ryton R-4-200BL, 40 % glass fibre",
        "test_standard": "ASTM D790"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed on the technical data sheet",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "ryton-r4-200bl",
      "where": "Mechanical block, Flexural Modulus row, ASTM D790",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Ryton R-4-200BL, Syensqo technical data sheet (UL Prospector copy, TDS-41602-en)",
        "id": "Form No. TDS-41602-en, last updated 12/21/2020",
        "url": "https://protolabs.com/media/asnjuvia/ryton-r-4-200bl.pdf",
        "year": 2020,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer data sheet, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "flexural_strength",
      "label": "Flexural strength, Ryton R-4-200BL",
      "value": 255,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "MPa",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "Ryton R-4-200BL, 40 % glass fibre",
        "test_standard": "ASTM D790"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed on the technical data sheet",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "ryton-r4-200bl",
      "where": "Mechanical block, Flexural Strength row, ASTM D790",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Ryton R-4-200BL, Syensqo technical data sheet (UL Prospector copy, TDS-41602-en)",
        "id": "Form No. TDS-41602-en, last updated 12/21/2020",
        "url": "https://protolabs.com/media/asnjuvia/ryton-r-4-200bl.pdf",
        "year": 2020,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer data sheet, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "notched_izod_impact",
      "label": "Notched Izod impact strength, Ryton R-4-200BL, 3.18 mm",
      "value": 80,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "J/m",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "Ryton R-4-200BL, 40 % glass fibre",
        "thickness": "3.18 mm",
        "test_standard": "ASTM D256"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed on the technical data sheet",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "ryton-r4-200bl",
      "where": "Impact block, Notched Izod Impact row, 3.18 mm, ASTM D256",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Ryton R-4-200BL, Syensqo technical data sheet (UL Prospector copy, TDS-41602-en)",
        "id": "Form No. TDS-41602-en, last updated 12/21/2020",
        "url": "https://protolabs.com/media/asnjuvia/ryton-r-4-200bl.pdf",
        "year": 2020,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer data sheet, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "cte",
      "label": "Coefficient of linear thermal expansion, flow direction, -50 to 50 °C, Ryton R-4-200BL",
      "value": 0.000015,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "cm/cm/°C",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "Ryton R-4-200BL, 40 % glass fibre",
        "direction": "flow",
        "range": "-50 to 50 °C",
        "test_standard": "ASTM E831"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed on the technical data sheet",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "ryton-r4-200bl",
      "where": "Thermal block, CLTE, Flow row for -50 to 50°C, ASTM E831",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Ryton R-4-200BL, Syensqo technical data sheet (UL Prospector copy, TDS-41602-en)",
        "id": "Form No. TDS-41602-en, last updated 12/21/2020",
        "url": "https://protolabs.com/media/asnjuvia/ryton-r-4-200bl.pdf",
        "year": 2020,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer data sheet, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "dielectric_strength",
      "label": "Dielectric strength, Ryton R-4-200BL",
      "value": 22,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "kV/mm",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "Ryton R-4-200BL, 40 % glass fibre",
        "test_standard": "ASTM D149"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed on the technical data sheet",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "ryton-r4-200bl",
      "where": "Electrical block, Dielectric Strength row, ASTM D149",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Ryton R-4-200BL, Syensqo technical data sheet (UL Prospector copy, TDS-41602-en)",
        "id": "Form No. TDS-41602-en, last updated 12/21/2020",
        "url": "https://protolabs.com/media/asnjuvia/ryton-r-4-200bl.pdf",
        "year": 2020,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer data sheet, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "dielectric_constant",
      "label": "Dielectric constant at 25 °C and 1 kHz, Ryton R-4-200BL",
      "value": 3.9,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "-",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "Ryton R-4-200BL, 40 % glass fibre",
        "temperature": "25 °C, 1 kHz",
        "test_standard": "ASTM D150"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed on the technical data sheet",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "ryton-r4-200bl",
      "where": "Electrical block, Dielectric Constant, 25°C 1 kHz row, ASTM D150",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Ryton R-4-200BL, Syensqo technical data sheet (UL Prospector copy, TDS-41602-en)",
        "id": "Form No. TDS-41602-en, last updated 12/21/2020",
        "url": "https://protolabs.com/media/asnjuvia/ryton-r-4-200bl.pdf",
        "year": 2020,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer data sheet, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "moisture_absorption",
      "label": "Water absorption, 24 hours at 23 °C, Ryton R-4-200BL",
      "value": 0.02,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "%",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "Ryton R-4-200BL, 40 % glass fibre",
        "time": "24 hr, 23 °C",
        "test_standard": "ASTM D570"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed on the technical data sheet",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "ryton-r4-200bl",
      "where": "Physical block, Water Absorption (24 hr, 23°C) row, ASTM D570",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Ryton R-4-200BL, Syensqo technical data sheet (UL Prospector copy, TDS-41602-en)",
        "id": "Form No. TDS-41602-en, last updated 12/21/2020",
        "url": "https://protolabs.com/media/asnjuvia/ryton-r-4-200bl.pdf",
        "year": 2020,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer data sheet, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "oxygen_index",
      "label": "Oxygen index, Ryton R-4-200BL",
      "value": 57,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "%",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "Ryton R-4-200BL, 40 % glass fibre",
        "test_standard": "ASTM D2863"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed on the technical data sheet",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "ryton-r4-200bl",
      "where": "Flammability block, Oxygen Index row, ASTM D2863",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Ryton R-4-200BL, Syensqo technical data sheet (UL Prospector copy, TDS-41602-en)",
        "id": "Form No. TDS-41602-en, last updated 12/21/2020",
        "url": "https://protolabs.com/media/asnjuvia/ryton-r-4-200bl.pdf",
        "year": 2020,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer data sheet, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "total_mass_loss",
      "label": "Total mass loss (TML), Ryton (PPS) outgassing",
      "value": 0.09,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "%",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "product": "Ryton (PPS), grade not printed",
        "data_reference": "GSC21579",
        "test_standard": "ASTM E595, as named in the bulletin text"
      },
      "method": "Value from the outgassing table of a supplier technical bulletin, citing NASA data",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "gund-outgassing",
      "where": "Outgassing table, Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS) row for Ryton, TML % column",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Outgassing: Selecting Spacecraft Materials, The Gund Company technical bulletin",
        "id": "Table of thermoplastics, Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS) row for Ryton",
        "url": "https://thegundcompany.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/OUTGASSING-Selecting-Spacecraft-Materials-by-The-Gund-Co.pdf",
        "year": 2024,
        "kind": "report",
        "license": "supplier technical bulletin, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "collected_volatile_condensable_materials",
      "label": "Collected volatile condensable materials (CVCM), Ryton (PPS) outgassing",
      "value": 0,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "%",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "product": "Ryton (PPS), grade not printed",
        "data_reference": "GSC21579",
        "test_standard": "ASTM E595, as named in the bulletin text"
      },
      "method": "Value from the outgassing table of a supplier technical bulletin, citing NASA data",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "gund-outgassing",
      "where": "Outgassing table, Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS) row for Ryton, CVCM % column",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Outgassing: Selecting Spacecraft Materials, The Gund Company technical bulletin",
        "id": "Table of thermoplastics, Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS) row for Ryton",
        "url": "https://thegundcompany.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/OUTGASSING-Selecting-Spacecraft-Materials-by-The-Gund-Co.pdf",
        "year": 2024,
        "kind": "report",
        "license": "supplier technical bulletin, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "water_vapor_regained",
      "label": "Water vapor regained (WVR), Ryton (PPS) outgassing",
      "value": 0.01,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "%",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "product": "Ryton (PPS), grade not printed",
        "data_reference": "GSC21579"
      },
      "method": "Value from the outgassing table of a supplier technical bulletin, citing NASA data",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "gund-outgassing",
      "where": "Outgassing table, Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS) row for Ryton, WVR % column",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Outgassing: Selecting Spacecraft Materials, The Gund Company technical bulletin",
        "id": "Table of thermoplastics, Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS) row for Ryton",
        "url": "https://thegundcompany.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/OUTGASSING-Selecting-Spacecraft-Materials-by-The-Gund-Co.pdf",
        "year": 2024,
        "kind": "report",
        "license": "supplier technical bulletin, linked not reproduced"
      }
    }
  ],
  "corrosion": [
    {
      "environment": "Chemical exposure at room temperature",
      "headline": "PPS is described as having very good chemical resistance, and the 40 % glass grade as having excellent chemical resistance.",
      "effect": "Ensinger lists very good chemical resistance among the main features of TECATRON natural. Celanese states that Fortron 1140L4 has excellent heat and chemical resistance and is used for automotive heaters, pumps, valves and fuel rails. No solvent, acid or base test with a number was read.",
      "rating": "unknown",
      "conditions": {
        "basis": "manufacturer product descriptions, no test condition printed"
      },
      "source": "ensinger-tecatron-natural",
      "where": "Main Features list"
    },
    {
      "environment": "Long-term heat in service",
      "headline": "Ensinger gives a long-term service temperature of 338 °F and an intermittent limit of 500 °F for TECATRON natural.",
      "effect": "The 338 °F long-term figure and the 500 °F intermittent figure are both printed in the thermal properties table. The sheet gives no test standard for these rows.",
      "rating": "unknown",
      "conditions": {
        "basis": "manufacturer nominal values, unfilled grade for the service temperature"
      },
      "source": "ensinger-tecatron-natural",
      "where": "Thermal properties table, Service temperature rows"
    },
    {
      "environment": "Heat in the form of prolonged exposure above 698 °F",
      "headline": "Prolonged exposure above 698 °F causes thermal decomposition.",
      "effect": "The product SDS says to avoid prolonged exposure above 698 °F, and that heating gives gaseous decomposition products, some of which are hazardous.",
      "rating": "unknown",
      "conditions": {
        "basis": "product SDS statement for Techtron HPV PPS"
      },
      "source": "mcam-techtron-sds",
      "where": "Section 10, Conditions to Avoid"
    }
  ],
  "risks": {
    "hazards": [
      {
        "text": "GHS classification, signal word, pictograms and hazard statements for Techtron HPV PPS are all printed as None.",
        "ghs": [],
        "source": "mcam-techtron-sds",
        "where": "Section 2, GHS Classifications"
      },
      {
        "text": "Dust is flammable and explosive when finely divided and suspended in air. Hazardous gases in fire are hydrogen fluoride, carbon oxides, sulfur oxides and carbonyl sulfide.",
        "ghs": [],
        "source": "mcam-techtron-sds",
        "where": "Section 5, Fire-Fighting Measures, and Section 7, Precautions for Safe Handling"
      }
    ],
    "failure_risks": [
      {
        "mode": "Thermal decomposition on prolonged heating",
        "trigger": "Prolonged exposure above 698 °F",
        "consequence": "Gaseous decomposition products, including carbon oxides, sulfur oxides, carbonyl sulfide and fluorine-containing gases.",
        "severity": "moderate",
        "source": "mcam-techtron-sds",
        "where": "Section 10, Conditions to Avoid and Hazardous Decomposition Products"
      }
    ],
    "side_effects": [],
    "handling": [
      {
        "text": "Ground all transfer, blending and dust collection equipment, and follow NFPA 484 and NFPA 654 for combustible dust. Use local exhaust ventilation where dust may form.",
        "source": "mcam-techtron-sds"
      }
    ],
    "mitigations": []
  },
  "uses": [
    {
      "application": "electronics-and-chips",
      "device": "Electrical components",
      "example": "Bobbins, lamp housings and brush holders, as listed for Fortron 1140L4 (40 % glass fibre grade).",
      "source": "fortron-1140l4",
      "where": "Product Description"
    },
    {
      "application": "mechanisms",
      "device": "Fluid-handling components",
      "example": "Automotive heaters, pumps, valves, fuel rails and microwave oven rings, as listed for Fortron 1140L4.",
      "source": "fortron-1140l4",
      "where": "Product Description"
    }
  ],
  "supply": [
    {
      "subject": "Polyphenylene sulfide, producers",
      "abundance": "Producers named in the source (no country shares given): China Lumena New Materials; Solvay; Kureha; HDC Polyall; Celanese; DIC Corporation; Toray Industries; Zhejiang NHU Special Materials; SABIC; Tosoh.",
      "producers": [],
      "critical_lists": [],
      "substitutes": [],
      "source": "wikipedia-pps",
      "where": "Production section, reaction equation and solvent; Manufacturers and trade names section, list of major industry players"
    }
  ],
  "media": [],
  "documents": [
    {
      "title": "Celanese Fortron 1140L4 technical data sheet, UL Prospector copy (TDS-239-en)",
      "type": "datasheet",
      "url": "https://protolabs.com/media/1t4hwpu5/fortron_pps-1140l4.pdf",
      "year": 2016
    },
    {
      "title": "Syensqo Ryton R-4-200BL technical data sheet, UL Prospector copy (TDS-41602-en)",
      "type": "datasheet",
      "url": "https://protolabs.com/media/asnjuvia/ryton-r-4-200bl.pdf",
      "year": 2020
    },
    {
      "title": "Gund Company, Outgassing: Selecting Spacecraft Materials (technical bulletin)",
      "type": "report",
      "url": "https://thegundcompany.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/OUTGASSING-Selecting-Spacecraft-Materials-by-The-Gund-Co.pdf",
      "year": 2024
    },
    {
      "title": "Mitsubishi Chemical Advanced Materials, Safety Data Sheet, Techtron HPV PPS (SDS-1701)",
      "type": "sds",
      "url": "https://www.mcam.com/mam/53712/MCAM-TECHTRON-HPV-EN-SDS-1701-241029.pdf",
      "year": 2024
    }
  ],
  "gaps": [
    "Atomic oxygen erosion yield for PPS: not found. The NASA-HDBK-6024 text read has no polyphenylene sulfide row, and the NASA TM read did not list PPS.",
    "Outgassing from a PPS datasheet or NASA database entry: only the Gund bulletin row for Ryton was read. The NASA outgassing database was not reached.",
    "Melting point of the Ryton R-4-200BL sheet: the sheet prints no melting point, and the Syensqo melting value was not read.",
    "Techtron HPV SDS prints a melting point of 545-572 °F and a specific gravity of 1.43. Neither is used here because the SDS is for a fibre-reinforced product and not a datasheet value.",
    "Torelina A900 (Toray): a search snippet gave density, melting temperature and tensile strength, but the page could not be fetched, so none of its values are used. The Toray A670 R63 PlaBase page is an elastomer-modified grade and is not used.",
    "Ensinger notched Izod row prints its unit as \"ftlbsin\", which is not a unit that can be checked, so the value is left out.",
    "Ensinger density and melting temperature rows print no test standard. The melting row has no norm either.",
    "Chemical resistance by solvent, acid or base with numbers: not found in the sources read. Qualitative statements only.",
    "UV and sunlight ageing of PPS: no retention figure was read.",
    "Radiation, thermal cycling and cryogenic data for PPS in space: none read.",
    "Producer tonnages and country shares for PPS: not found. The producer list comes from a Wikipedia page with no figures.",
    "Standard designations (UNS, EN, DIN, JIS, AISI, ASTM) for PPS as a material: none printed in the sources read. Only trade names are listed.",
    "Non-canonical property names used: notched_izod_impact, oxygen_index, total_mass_loss, collected_volatile_condensable_materials, water_vapor_regained. Molding shrinkage (flow 0.20 to 0.30 %, Fortron 1140L4, ASTM D955) is not included because the name is not in the canon file.",
    "Fortron 1140L4 tensile modulus at 23 °C (ISO 527-2, 14700 MPa) is in the sheet, but the sheet gives no temperature for that row, so it is not used.",
    "Volume resistivity of 1.0E+16 ohm·cm (Fortron 1140L4, ASTM D257 row; Ryton R-4-200BL, ASTM D257 row) is left out: the sheets print 1.0E+16 and the value could not be matched to the source text by verify-values."
  ],
  "story": {
    "why": "PPS is a semicrystalline high-performance thermoplastic. The 40 % glass-filled grades read have a melting temperature of 280 °C (Fortron 1140L4) and a 265 °C deflection temperature at 1.8 MPa (Fortron 1140L4 and Ryton R-4-200BL). The unfilled TECATRON natural has a density of 1.36 g/cm3 and a 13700 psi tensile strength at yield.",
    "uses": [],
    "can_do": [
      {
        "label": "Stay stiff when hot",
        "line": "Fortron 1140L4 and Ryton R-4-200BL both print 265 °C at 1.8 MPa, unannealed, under ASTM D648.",
        "benchmark": "heat_deflection_temperature",
        "scope": "material",
        "value": "265 °C deflection at 1.8 MPa"
      },
      {
        "label": "Low outgassing",
        "line": "The Gund table lists Ryton PPS at 0.09 % total mass loss and 0.00 % CVCM.",
        "benchmark": "total_mass_loss",
        "scope": "material",
        "value": "0.09 % TML"
      }
    ],
    "compare": "These rows are for different grades and test conditions, so they are examples and not a ranking. The unfilled TECATRON natural and the 40 % glass grades cannot be compared directly for stiffness or strength.",
    "compare_rows": [
      {
        "label": "Density",
        "benchmark": "density",
        "scope": "material"
      },
      {
        "label": "Heat deflection temperature",
        "benchmark": "heat_deflection_temperature",
        "scope": "material"
      },
      {
        "label": "Moisture absorption",
        "benchmark": "moisture_absorption",
        "scope": "material"
      }
    ],
    "handling": [
      "Specify the grade, since unfilled and 40 % glass-filled PPS differ in strength, stiffness and heat deflection.",
      "Ground transfer and dust-collection equipment and follow the NFPA dust rules when handling powder or fine dust.",
      "Treat the values as typical nominal values, as the sources state."
    ],
    "good_for": [
      "Glass-filled electrical and fluid-handling parts: 265 °C deflection at 1.8 MPa (Fortron 1140L4 and Ryton R-4-200BL).",
      "Low outgassing applications: 0.09 % TML and 0.00 % CVCM for Ryton PPS (Gund bulletin)."
    ],
    "watch_out": [
      "Ductility: elongation at break is 1.5 % (Ryton R-4-200BL) and 1.7 % (Fortron 1140L4), so these grades are brittle compared with tougher plastics.",
      "Long-term heat: the unfilled TECATRON natural is rated at 338 °F long term, below the melting temperature of 536 °F.",
      "Atomic oxygen in orbit: no erosion yield for PPS was found in the NASA sources read, so the orbital behaviour is not known from this profile."
    ],
    "verdict": "PPS is a stiff, heat-resistant, electrically insulating thermoplastic. The 40 % glass grades read have a 265 °C deflection temperature at 1.8 MPa, and the Ryton PPS outgassing table gives 0.09 % total mass loss. Its ductility is low, at 1.5 % to 2.5 % elongation, and no sourced atomic-oxygen or UV data was found.",
    "recipe": {
      "line": "PPS is made by reacting sodium sulfide with 1,4-dichlorobenzene in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone as the solvent. The repeat unit is [C6H4S]n, a benzene ring with a sulfur link between each ring.",
      "parts": [
        {
          "name": "Carbon",
          "symbol": "C",
          "role": "Six carbons in each benzene ring, from 1,4-dichlorobenzene.",
          "share_note": "standard atomic weight [12.0096, 12.0116]"
        },
        {
          "name": "Hydrogen",
          "symbol": "H",
          "role": "Four aromatic hydrogens per repeat unit.",
          "share_note": "standard atomic weight [1.007 84, 1.008 11]"
        },
        {
          "name": "Sulfur",
          "symbol": "S",
          "role": "One sulfide link per repeat unit, from sodium sulfide.",
          "share_note": "standard atomic weight [32.059, 32.076]"
        }
      ]
    },
    "risk_groups": [
      {
        "title": "For people",
        "lead": "The product SDS prints no GHS classification, but gives handling rules for dust.",
        "points": [
          {
            "label": "Classification",
            "line": "The Techtron HPV PPS SDS prints the GHS classification, signal word and hazard statements as None."
          },
          {
            "label": "Dust",
            "line": "Fine dust can form an explosive mixture with air, so the SDS requires grounding and NFPA 484 and 654 measures."
          }
        ],
        "level": 1,
        "verdict": "Not classified in the SDS read"
      },
      {
        "title": "If it fails",
        "lead": "The failure route in these sources is prolonged heat above 698 °F.",
        "points": [
          {
            "label": "Decomposition",
            "line": "The SDS gives carbon oxides, sulfur oxides, carbonyl sulfide and fluorine-containing gases as decomposition products."
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "updated": "2026-10-25",
  "review": {
    "status": "draft",
    "method": "assistant",
    "checked_values": 46,
    "unreachable": 4,
    "caveats": 5,
    "note": "Values were read by an AI assistant on 2026-10-25 from the pages named in each entry. Celanese and Syensqo values are from UL Prospector copies of their technical data sheets, not the manufacturer sites. The Ryton row values are typical, and no test standard is printed for some rows. The Ensinger values are for an unfilled grade. The outgassing values come from a supplier bulletin that cites NASA data and carries a misprinted test temperature, which is not copied here. Unreachable: Knowde (Toray Torelina A900), PubChem, Ensinger datasheet PDF, Celanese own site."
  },
  "sources": {
    "fortron-1140l4": {
      "title": "Fortron 1140L4, Celanese Corporation, technical data sheet (UL Prospector copy, TDS-239-en)",
      "id": "Form No. TDS-239-en, last updated 11/2/2016",
      "url": "https://protolabs.com/media/1t4hwpu5/fortron_pps-1140l4.pdf",
      "year": 2016,
      "kind": "datasheet",
      "license": "manufacturer data sheet, linked not reproduced"
    },
    "ryton-r4-200bl": {
      "title": "Ryton R-4-200BL, Syensqo technical data sheet (UL Prospector copy, TDS-41602-en)",
      "id": "Form No. TDS-41602-en, last updated 12/21/2020",
      "url": "https://protolabs.com/media/asnjuvia/ryton-r-4-200bl.pdf",
      "year": 2020,
      "kind": "datasheet",
      "license": "manufacturer data sheet, linked not reproduced"
    },
    "ensinger-tecatron-natural": {
      "title": "TECATRON natural (PPS), Ensinger product page, mechanical, thermal, electrical and other properties",
      "id": "Product page, tables under Technical details",
      "url": "https://www.ensingerplastics.com/en-us/shapes/products/tecatron-natural",
      "year": 2026,
      "kind": "datasheet",
      "license": "manufacturer web page, linked not reproduced"
    },
    "gund-outgassing": {
      "title": "Outgassing: Selecting Spacecraft Materials, The Gund Company technical bulletin",
      "id": "Table of thermoplastics, Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS) row for Ryton",
      "url": "https://thegundcompany.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/OUTGASSING-Selecting-Spacecraft-Materials-by-The-Gund-Co.pdf",
      "year": 2024,
      "kind": "report",
      "license": "supplier technical bulletin, linked not reproduced"
    },
    "mcam-techtron-sds": {
      "title": "Mitsubishi Chemical Advanced Materials, Safety Data Sheet, Techtron HPV PPS",
      "id": "SDS-1701, issue 1 June 2015, revised 29 October 2024",
      "url": "https://www.mcam.com/mam/53712/MCAM-TECHTRON-HPV-EN-SDS-1701-241029.pdf",
      "year": 2024,
      "kind": "datasheet",
      "license": "supplier SDS, linked not reproduced"
    },
    "wikipedia-pps": {
      "title": "Polyphenylene sulfide, Wikipedia",
      "id": "Polyphenylene sulfide article, Production and Manufacturers and trade names sections",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyphenylene_sulfide",
      "kind": "web",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0, linked not reproduced"
    },
    "nist-atomic-weights-c": {
      "title": "NIST Atomic Weights and Isotopic Compositions, carbon",
      "id": "Standard atomic weight C: [12.0096, 12.0116]",
      "url": "https://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/Compositions/stand_alone.pl?ele=C&all=all&ascii=html",
      "kind": "database",
      "license": "US government data"
    },
    "nist-atomic-weights-h": {
      "title": "NIST Atomic Weights and Isotopic Compositions, hydrogen",
      "id": "Standard atomic weight H: [1.007 84, 1.008 11]",
      "url": "https://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/Compositions/stand_alone.pl?ele=H&all=all&ascii=html",
      "kind": "database",
      "license": "US government data"
    },
    "nist-atomic-weights-s": {
      "title": "NIST Atomic Weights and Isotopic Compositions, sulfur",
      "id": "Standard atomic weight S: [32.059, 32.076]",
      "url": "https://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/Compositions/stand_alone.pl?ele=S&all=all&ascii=html",
      "kind": "database",
      "license": "US government data"
    }
  },
  "license": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "url": "https://spacemushroom.com/profiles/pps/"
}