{
  "spore": "profile",
  "id": "pi-kapton-fn",
  "spore_version": "0.2",
  "family": "polyimides",
  "name": "Kapton FN polyimide film (FEP-coated)",
  "abbreviation": "PI (Kapton FN)",
  "role": "heat-sealable insulating film",
  "category": "polymers",
  "type": "polyimides",
  "summary": "Kapton FN is Qnity's heat-sealable polyimide film: Kapton HN polyimide film with FEP fluoropolymer resin coated or laminated on one or both sides. For the 120FN616 construction, Qnity's summary of properties prints a typical ultimate tensile strength of 207 MPa at 23 °C (ASTM D-882-91, Method A). The FEP layer adds heat sealability and a moisture barrier, and the specification bulletin gives a minimum seal peel strength of 700 g/in for every construction except 120FN616, which is 450 g/in. Qnity prints two different densities for the same grades, so both are recorded.\n",
  "best_for": "Heat-sealable insulating film that needs a polyimide base, a fluoropolymer sealing layer and a moisture barrier",
  "weakest_at": "No flight or space-exposure data we read name an FN grade, and the two Qnity sources disagree on density",
  "identity": {
    "formula": "Composite: Kapton HN polyimide film with FEP fluorocarbon resin on one or both sides",
    "designations": [
      {
        "system": "Trade name",
        "code": "120FN616",
        "note": "Kapton FN construction code",
        "source": "qnity-page",
        "where": "Grade table, first row"
      },
      {
        "system": "Trade name",
        "code": "150FN019",
        "note": "Kapton FN construction code",
        "source": "qnity-page",
        "where": "Grade table, second row"
      },
      {
        "system": "Trade name",
        "code": "250FN029",
        "note": "Kapton FN construction code",
        "source": "qnity-page",
        "where": "Grade table, fourth row"
      }
    ],
    "source": "qnity-bulletin",
    "where": "Product description (Kapton FN polyimide film) and Table 1, FN film types"
  },
  "tags": {
    "environments": [],
    "stresses": [
      "uv"
    ],
    "applications": [
      "electronics-and-chips",
      "thermal-control"
    ]
  },
  "properties": [
    {
      "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength",
      "label": "Ultimate tensile strength, 120FN616, 23 °C",
      "value": 207,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "MPa",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "120FN616",
        "temperature": "23 °C (73 °F)",
        "value_basis": "typical value for film type",
        "test": "ASTM D-882-91, Method A (Table 4 footnote: same test methods as Table 1)"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed in Table 4 of the Qnity Kapton summary of properties",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "qnity-summary",
      "where": "Table 4 (Physical Properties of Kapton Type FN Film), Ultimate Tensile Strength, 23 °C row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Kapton summary of properties (Qnity; Types HN, FN and HPP-ST; Tables 4, 8, 11 and 16)",
        "id": "Qnity Kapton summary of properties (undated PDF)",
        "url": "https://ekce-p-001.sitecorecontenthub.cloud/api/public/content/810b258c62404e42855984f345fdf8d7?v=a2916962",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer document, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength",
      "label": "Ultimate tensile strength, 150FN019, 23 °C",
      "value": 162,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "MPa",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "150FN019",
        "temperature": "23 °C (73 °F)",
        "value_basis": "typical value for film type",
        "test": "ASTM D-882-91, Method A (Table 4 footnote: same test methods as Table 1)"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed in Table 4 of the Qnity Kapton summary of properties",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "qnity-summary",
      "where": "Table 4 (Physical Properties of Kapton Type FN Film), Ultimate Tensile Strength, 23 °C row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Kapton summary of properties (Qnity; Types HN, FN and HPP-ST; Tables 4, 8, 11 and 16)",
        "id": "Qnity Kapton summary of properties (undated PDF)",
        "url": "https://ekce-p-001.sitecorecontenthub.cloud/api/public/content/810b258c62404e42855984f345fdf8d7?v=a2916962",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer document, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength",
      "label": "Ultimate tensile strength, 250FN029, 23 °C",
      "value": 200,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "MPa",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "250FN029",
        "temperature": "23 °C (73 °F)",
        "value_basis": "typical value for film type",
        "test": "ASTM D-882-91, Method A (Table 4 footnote: same test methods as Table 1)"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed in Table 4 of the Qnity Kapton summary of properties",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "qnity-summary",
      "where": "Table 4 (Physical Properties of Kapton Type FN Film), Ultimate Tensile Strength, 23 °C row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Kapton summary of properties (Qnity; Types HN, FN and HPP-ST; Tables 4, 8, 11 and 16)",
        "id": "Qnity Kapton summary of properties (undated PDF)",
        "url": "https://ekce-p-001.sitecorecontenthub.cloud/api/public/content/810b258c62404e42855984f345fdf8d7?v=a2916962",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer document, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength",
      "label": "Ultimate tensile strength, 120FN616, 200 °C",
      "value": 121,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "MPa",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "120FN616",
        "temperature": "200 °C (392 °F)",
        "value_basis": "typical value for film type"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed in Table 4 of the Qnity Kapton summary of properties",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "qnity-summary",
      "where": "Table 4, Ultimate Tensile Strength, 200 °C row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Kapton summary of properties (Qnity; Types HN, FN and HPP-ST; Tables 4, 8, 11 and 16)",
        "id": "Qnity Kapton summary of properties (undated PDF)",
        "url": "https://ekce-p-001.sitecorecontenthub.cloud/api/public/content/810b258c62404e42855984f345fdf8d7?v=a2916962",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer document, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength",
      "label": "Ultimate tensile strength, 150FN019, 200 °C",
      "value": 89,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "MPa",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "150FN019",
        "temperature": "200 °C (392 °F)",
        "value_basis": "typical value for film type"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed in Table 4 of the Qnity Kapton summary of properties",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "qnity-summary",
      "where": "Table 4, Ultimate Tensile Strength, 200 °C row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Kapton summary of properties (Qnity; Types HN, FN and HPP-ST; Tables 4, 8, 11 and 16)",
        "id": "Qnity Kapton summary of properties (undated PDF)",
        "url": "https://ekce-p-001.sitecorecontenthub.cloud/api/public/content/810b258c62404e42855984f345fdf8d7?v=a2916962",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer document, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength",
      "label": "Ultimate tensile strength, 250FN029, 200 °C",
      "value": 115,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "MPa",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "250FN029",
        "temperature": "200 °C (392 °F)",
        "value_basis": "typical value for film type"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed in Table 4 of the Qnity Kapton summary of properties",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "qnity-summary",
      "where": "Table 4, Ultimate Tensile Strength, 200 °C row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Kapton summary of properties (Qnity; Types HN, FN and HPP-ST; Tables 4, 8, 11 and 16)",
        "id": "Qnity Kapton summary of properties (undated PDF)",
        "url": "https://ekce-p-001.sitecorecontenthub.cloud/api/public/content/810b258c62404e42855984f345fdf8d7?v=a2916962",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer document, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "elongation",
      "label": "Ultimate elongation, 120FN616, 23 °C",
      "value": 75,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "%",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "120FN616",
        "temperature": "23 °C (73 °F)",
        "value_basis": "typical value for film type"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed in Table 4 of the Qnity Kapton summary of properties",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "qnity-summary",
      "where": "Table 4, Ultimate Elongation, 23 °C row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Kapton summary of properties (Qnity; Types HN, FN and HPP-ST; Tables 4, 8, 11 and 16)",
        "id": "Qnity Kapton summary of properties (undated PDF)",
        "url": "https://ekce-p-001.sitecorecontenthub.cloud/api/public/content/810b258c62404e42855984f345fdf8d7?v=a2916962",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer document, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "elongation",
      "label": "Ultimate elongation, 150FN019, 23 °C",
      "value": 70,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "%",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "150FN019",
        "temperature": "23 °C (73 °F)",
        "value_basis": "typical value for film type"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed in Table 4 of the Qnity Kapton summary of properties",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "qnity-summary",
      "where": "Table 4, Ultimate Elongation, 23 °C row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Kapton summary of properties (Qnity; Types HN, FN and HPP-ST; Tables 4, 8, 11 and 16)",
        "id": "Qnity Kapton summary of properties (undated PDF)",
        "url": "https://ekce-p-001.sitecorecontenthub.cloud/api/public/content/810b258c62404e42855984f345fdf8d7?v=a2916962",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer document, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "elongation",
      "label": "Ultimate elongation, 250FN029, 23 °C",
      "value": 85,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "%",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "250FN029",
        "temperature": "23 °C (73 °F)",
        "value_basis": "typical value for film type"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed in Table 4 of the Qnity Kapton summary of properties",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "qnity-summary",
      "where": "Table 4, Ultimate Elongation, 23 °C row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Kapton summary of properties (Qnity; Types HN, FN and HPP-ST; Tables 4, 8, 11 and 16)",
        "id": "Qnity Kapton summary of properties (undated PDF)",
        "url": "https://ekce-p-001.sitecorecontenthub.cloud/api/public/content/810b258c62404e42855984f345fdf8d7?v=a2916962",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer document, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "elastic_modulus",
      "label": "Tensile modulus, 120FN616, 23 °C",
      "value": 2.48,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "GPa",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "120FN616",
        "temperature": "23 °C (73 °F)",
        "value_basis": "typical value for film type"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed in Table 4 of the Qnity Kapton summary of properties",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "qnity-summary",
      "where": "Table 4, Tensile Modulus, 23 °C row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Kapton summary of properties (Qnity; Types HN, FN and HPP-ST; Tables 4, 8, 11 and 16)",
        "id": "Qnity Kapton summary of properties (undated PDF)",
        "url": "https://ekce-p-001.sitecorecontenthub.cloud/api/public/content/810b258c62404e42855984f345fdf8d7?v=a2916962",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer document, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "elastic_modulus",
      "label": "Tensile modulus, 150FN019, 23 °C",
      "value": 2.28,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "GPa",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "150FN019",
        "temperature": "23 °C (73 °F)",
        "value_basis": "typical value for film type"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed in Table 4 of the Qnity Kapton summary of properties",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "qnity-summary",
      "where": "Table 4, Tensile Modulus, 23 °C row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Kapton summary of properties (Qnity; Types HN, FN and HPP-ST; Tables 4, 8, 11 and 16)",
        "id": "Qnity Kapton summary of properties (undated PDF)",
        "url": "https://ekce-p-001.sitecorecontenthub.cloud/api/public/content/810b258c62404e42855984f345fdf8d7?v=a2916962",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer document, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "elastic_modulus",
      "label": "Tensile modulus, 250FN029, 23 °C",
      "value": 2.62,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "GPa",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "250FN029",
        "temperature": "23 °C (73 °F)",
        "value_basis": "typical value for film type"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed in Table 4 of the Qnity Kapton summary of properties",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "qnity-summary",
      "where": "Table 4, Tensile Modulus, 23 °C row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Kapton summary of properties (Qnity; Types HN, FN and HPP-ST; Tables 4, 8, 11 and 16)",
        "id": "Qnity Kapton summary of properties (undated PDF)",
        "url": "https://ekce-p-001.sitecorecontenthub.cloud/api/public/content/810b258c62404e42855984f345fdf8d7?v=a2916962",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer document, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "density",
      "label": "Density, 120FN616 (summary)",
      "value": 1.53,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "g/cc",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "120FN616",
        "temperature": "23 °C (73 °F)",
        "value_basis": "typical value for film type"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed in Table 4 of the Qnity Kapton summary of properties",
      "status": "ground",
      "note": "The Qnity product page prints 1.50 g/cc for the same grade; both are recorded.",
      "source": "qnity-summary",
      "where": "Table 4, Density row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Kapton summary of properties (Qnity; Types HN, FN and HPP-ST; Tables 4, 8, 11 and 16)",
        "id": "Qnity Kapton summary of properties (undated PDF)",
        "url": "https://ekce-p-001.sitecorecontenthub.cloud/api/public/content/810b258c62404e42855984f345fdf8d7?v=a2916962",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer document, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "density",
      "label": "Density, 150FN019 (summary)",
      "value": 1.67,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "g/cc",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "150FN019",
        "temperature": "23 °C (73 °F)",
        "value_basis": "typical value for film type"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed in Table 4 of the Qnity Kapton summary of properties",
      "status": "ground",
      "note": "The Qnity product page prints 1.70 g/cc for the same grade; both are recorded.",
      "source": "qnity-summary",
      "where": "Table 4, Density row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Kapton summary of properties (Qnity; Types HN, FN and HPP-ST; Tables 4, 8, 11 and 16)",
        "id": "Qnity Kapton summary of properties (undated PDF)",
        "url": "https://ekce-p-001.sitecorecontenthub.cloud/api/public/content/810b258c62404e42855984f345fdf8d7?v=a2916962",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer document, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "density",
      "label": "Density, 250FN029 (summary)",
      "value": 1.57,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "g/cc",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "250FN029",
        "temperature": "23 °C (73 °F)",
        "value_basis": "typical value for film type"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed in Table 4 of the Qnity Kapton summary of properties",
      "status": "ground",
      "note": "The Qnity product page prints 1.60 g/cc for the same grade; both are recorded.",
      "source": "qnity-summary",
      "where": "Table 4, Density row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Kapton summary of properties (Qnity; Types HN, FN and HPP-ST; Tables 4, 8, 11 and 16)",
        "id": "Qnity Kapton summary of properties (undated PDF)",
        "url": "https://ekce-p-001.sitecorecontenthub.cloud/api/public/content/810b258c62404e42855984f345fdf8d7?v=a2916962",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer document, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "density",
      "label": "Density, 120FN616 (product page)",
      "value": 1.5,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "g/cc",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "120FN616",
        "note": "grade table on the Qnity product page; no test temperature printed in the table"
      },
      "method": "Value printed in the grade table of the Qnity product page",
      "status": "ground",
      "note": "The Qnity summary of properties prints 1.53 g/cc for the same grade.",
      "source": "qnity-page",
      "where": "Grade table, Density (g/cc) column, first row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Kapton FN polyimide film (Qnity Electronics product page, grade and series property tables)",
        "id": "Qnity Electronics product page",
        "url": "https://www.qnityelectronics.com/products/kapton-fn-polyimide-film",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer web page, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "density",
      "label": "Density, 150FN019 (product page)",
      "value": 1.7,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "g/cc",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "150FN019",
        "note": "grade table on the Qnity product page; no test temperature printed in the table"
      },
      "method": "Value printed in the grade table of the Qnity product page",
      "status": "ground",
      "note": "The Qnity summary of properties prints 1.67 g/cc for the same grade.",
      "source": "qnity-page",
      "where": "Grade table, Density (g/cc) column, second row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Kapton FN polyimide film (Qnity Electronics product page, grade and series property tables)",
        "id": "Qnity Electronics product page",
        "url": "https://www.qnityelectronics.com/products/kapton-fn-polyimide-film",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer web page, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "density",
      "label": "Density, 250FN029 (product page)",
      "value": 1.6,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "g/cc",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "250FN029",
        "note": "grade table on the Qnity product page; no test temperature printed in the table"
      },
      "method": "Value printed in the grade table of the Qnity product page",
      "status": "ground",
      "note": "The Qnity summary of properties prints 1.57 g/cc for the same grade.",
      "source": "qnity-page",
      "where": "Grade table, Density (g/cc) column, fourth row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Kapton FN polyimide film (Qnity Electronics product page, grade and series property tables)",
        "id": "Qnity Electronics product page",
        "url": "https://www.qnityelectronics.com/products/kapton-fn-polyimide-film",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer web page, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "dielectric_strength",
      "label": "Dielectric strength, 120FN616, typical",
      "value": 272,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "V/µm",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "120FN616",
        "basis": "typical value; the summary prints V/µm and V/mil (6900)",
        "frequency": "not printed in Table 8"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed in Table 8 of the Qnity Kapton summary of properties",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "qnity-summary",
      "where": "Table 8 (Typical Electrical Properties of Kapton Type FN Film), Dielectric Strength row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Kapton summary of properties (Qnity; Types HN, FN and HPP-ST; Tables 4, 8, 11 and 16)",
        "id": "Qnity Kapton summary of properties (undated PDF)",
        "url": "https://ekce-p-001.sitecorecontenthub.cloud/api/public/content/810b258c62404e42855984f345fdf8d7?v=a2916962",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer document, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "dielectric_strength",
      "label": "Dielectric strength, 150FN019, typical",
      "value": 197,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "V/µm",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "150FN019",
        "basis": "typical value; the summary prints V/µm and V/mil (5000)",
        "frequency": "not printed in Table 8"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed in Table 8 of the Qnity Kapton summary of properties",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "qnity-summary",
      "where": "Table 8, Dielectric Strength row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Kapton summary of properties (Qnity; Types HN, FN and HPP-ST; Tables 4, 8, 11 and 16)",
        "id": "Qnity Kapton summary of properties (undated PDF)",
        "url": "https://ekce-p-001.sitecorecontenthub.cloud/api/public/content/810b258c62404e42855984f345fdf8d7?v=a2916962",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer document, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "dielectric_strength",
      "label": "Dielectric strength, 250FN029, typical",
      "value": 197,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "V/µm",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "250FN029",
        "basis": "typical value; the summary prints V/µm and V/mil (5000)",
        "frequency": "not printed in Table 8"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed in Table 8 of the Qnity Kapton summary of properties",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "qnity-summary",
      "where": "Table 8, Dielectric Strength row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Kapton summary of properties (Qnity; Types HN, FN and HPP-ST; Tables 4, 8, 11 and 16)",
        "id": "Qnity Kapton summary of properties (undated PDF)",
        "url": "https://ekce-p-001.sitecorecontenthub.cloud/api/public/content/810b258c62404e42855984f345fdf8d7?v=a2916962",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer document, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "dielectric_strength",
      "label": "Minimum breakdown strength, 120FN616",
      "value": 165,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "kV/mm",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "120FN616",
        "basis": "minimum breakdown, printed as 4,200 V/mil (165 kV/mm)",
        "test": "ASTM D-149-97, average of ten specimens, 60 cycles AC, 500 V/sec rate of rise, 1/4 in brass electrodes"
      },
      "method": "Minimum value printed in Table 4 of the Qnity Kapton FN specification bulletin",
      "status": "ground",
      "note": "The summary prints a typical 272 V/µm for the same construction; the two are different bases (minimum versus typical) and both are recorded.",
      "source": "qnity-bulletin",
      "where": "Table 4 (Dielectric Strength of Kapton FN polyimide film), 120FN616 row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Kapton polyimide film specifications bulletin (Qnity; Kapton HN, FN and HPP-ST; Tables 1 to 6)",
        "id": "Qnity Kapton specification bulletin (undated PDF)",
        "url": "https://ekce-p-001.sitecorecontenthub.cloud/api/public/content/599767bd7af84d92827184ea3728c2b3?v=5670ee5b",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer document, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "dielectric_strength",
      "label": "Minimum breakdown strength, 150FN019",
      "value": 146,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "kV/mm",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "150FN019",
        "basis": "minimum breakdown, printed as 3,700 V/mil (146 kV/mm)",
        "test": "ASTM D-149-97, average of ten specimens, 60 cycles AC, 500 V/sec rate of rise"
      },
      "method": "Minimum value printed in Table 4 of the Qnity Kapton FN specification bulletin",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "qnity-bulletin",
      "where": "Table 4, 150FN019 row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Kapton polyimide film specifications bulletin (Qnity; Kapton HN, FN and HPP-ST; Tables 1 to 6)",
        "id": "Qnity Kapton specification bulletin (undated PDF)",
        "url": "https://ekce-p-001.sitecorecontenthub.cloud/api/public/content/599767bd7af84d92827184ea3728c2b3?v=5670ee5b",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer document, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "dielectric_strength",
      "label": "Minimum breakdown strength, 250FN029",
      "value": 108,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "kV/mm",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "250FN029",
        "basis": "minimum breakdown, printed as 2,750 V/mil (108 kV/mm)",
        "test": "ASTM D-149-97, average of ten specimens, 60 cycles AC, 500 V/sec rate of rise"
      },
      "method": "Minimum value printed in Table 4 of the Qnity Kapton FN specification bulletin",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "qnity-bulletin",
      "where": "Table 4, 250FN029 row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Kapton polyimide film specifications bulletin (Qnity; Kapton HN, FN and HPP-ST; Tables 1 to 6)",
        "id": "Qnity Kapton specification bulletin (undated PDF)",
        "url": "https://ekce-p-001.sitecorecontenthub.cloud/api/public/content/599767bd7af84d92827184ea3728c2b3?v=5670ee5b",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer document, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "dielectric_constant",
      "label": "Dielectric constant, 120FN616, typical",
      "value": 3.1,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "-",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "120FN616",
        "basis": "typical value",
        "frequency": "not printed in Table 8"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed in Table 8 of the Qnity Kapton summary of properties",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "qnity-summary",
      "where": "Table 8, Dielectric Constant row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Kapton summary of properties (Qnity; Types HN, FN and HPP-ST; Tables 4, 8, 11 and 16)",
        "id": "Qnity Kapton summary of properties (undated PDF)",
        "url": "https://ekce-p-001.sitecorecontenthub.cloud/api/public/content/810b258c62404e42855984f345fdf8d7?v=a2916962",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer document, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "dielectric_constant",
      "label": "Dielectric constant, 150FN019, typical",
      "value": 2.7,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "-",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "150FN019",
        "basis": "typical value",
        "frequency": "not printed in Table 8"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed in Table 8 of the Qnity Kapton summary of properties",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "qnity-summary",
      "where": "Table 8, Dielectric Constant row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Kapton summary of properties (Qnity; Types HN, FN and HPP-ST; Tables 4, 8, 11 and 16)",
        "id": "Qnity Kapton summary of properties (undated PDF)",
        "url": "https://ekce-p-001.sitecorecontenthub.cloud/api/public/content/810b258c62404e42855984f345fdf8d7?v=a2916962",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer document, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "dielectric_constant",
      "label": "Dielectric constant, 250FN029, typical",
      "value": 3,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "-",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "250FN029",
        "basis": "typical value",
        "frequency": "not printed in Table 8"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed in Table 8 of the Qnity Kapton summary of properties",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "qnity-summary",
      "where": "Table 8, Dielectric Constant row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Kapton summary of properties (Qnity; Types HN, FN and HPP-ST; Tables 4, 8, 11 and 16)",
        "id": "Qnity Kapton summary of properties (undated PDF)",
        "url": "https://ekce-p-001.sitecorecontenthub.cloud/api/public/content/810b258c62404e42855984f345fdf8d7?v=a2916962",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer document, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "dissipation_factor",
      "label": "Dissipation factor, 120FN616, typical",
      "value": 0.0015,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "-",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "120FN616",
        "basis": "typical value",
        "frequency": "not printed in Table 8"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed in Table 8 of the Qnity Kapton summary of properties",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "qnity-summary",
      "where": "Table 8, Dissipation Factor row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Kapton summary of properties (Qnity; Types HN, FN and HPP-ST; Tables 4, 8, 11 and 16)",
        "id": "Qnity Kapton summary of properties (undated PDF)",
        "url": "https://ekce-p-001.sitecorecontenthub.cloud/api/public/content/810b258c62404e42855984f345fdf8d7?v=a2916962",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer document, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "dissipation_factor",
      "label": "Dissipation factor, 150FN019, typical",
      "value": 0.0013,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "-",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "150FN019",
        "basis": "typical value",
        "frequency": "not printed in Table 8"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed in Table 8 of the Qnity Kapton summary of properties",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "qnity-summary",
      "where": "Table 8, Dissipation Factor row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Kapton summary of properties (Qnity; Types HN, FN and HPP-ST; Tables 4, 8, 11 and 16)",
        "id": "Qnity Kapton summary of properties (undated PDF)",
        "url": "https://ekce-p-001.sitecorecontenthub.cloud/api/public/content/810b258c62404e42855984f345fdf8d7?v=a2916962",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer document, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "dissipation_factor",
      "label": "Dissipation factor, 250FN029, typical",
      "value": 0.0013,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "-",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "250FN029",
        "basis": "typical value",
        "frequency": "not printed in Table 8"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed in Table 8 of the Qnity Kapton summary of properties",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "qnity-summary",
      "where": "Table 8, Dissipation Factor row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Kapton summary of properties (Qnity; Types HN, FN and HPP-ST; Tables 4, 8, 11 and 16)",
        "id": "Qnity Kapton summary of properties (undated PDF)",
        "url": "https://ekce-p-001.sitecorecontenthub.cloud/api/public/content/810b258c62404e42855984f345fdf8d7?v=a2916962",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer document, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "moisture_absorption",
      "label": "Moisture absorption, 120FN616, 50% RH",
      "value": 1.3,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "%",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "120FN616",
        "temperature": "23 °C (73 °F)",
        "humidity": "50% RH"
      },
      "method": "Value printed in Table 11 of the Qnity Kapton summary of properties",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "qnity-summary",
      "where": "Table 11 (Chemical Properties of Kapton Type FN Film), Moisture Absorption, 50% RH row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Kapton summary of properties (Qnity; Types HN, FN and HPP-ST; Tables 4, 8, 11 and 16)",
        "id": "Qnity Kapton summary of properties (undated PDF)",
        "url": "https://ekce-p-001.sitecorecontenthub.cloud/api/public/content/810b258c62404e42855984f345fdf8d7?v=a2916962",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer document, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "moisture_absorption",
      "label": "Moisture absorption, 120FN616, 98% RH",
      "value": 2.5,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "%",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "120FN616",
        "temperature": "23 °C (73 °F)",
        "humidity": "98% RH"
      },
      "method": "Value printed in Table 11 of the Qnity Kapton summary of properties",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "qnity-summary",
      "where": "Table 11, Moisture Absorption, 98% RH row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Kapton summary of properties (Qnity; Types HN, FN and HPP-ST; Tables 4, 8, 11 and 16)",
        "id": "Qnity Kapton summary of properties (undated PDF)",
        "url": "https://ekce-p-001.sitecorecontenthub.cloud/api/public/content/810b258c62404e42855984f345fdf8d7?v=a2916962",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer document, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "moisture_absorption",
      "label": "Moisture absorption, 150FN019, 50% RH",
      "value": 0.8,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "%",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "150FN019",
        "temperature": "23 °C (73 °F)",
        "humidity": "50% RH"
      },
      "method": "Value printed in Table 11 of the Qnity Kapton summary of properties",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "qnity-summary",
      "where": "Table 11, Moisture Absorption, 50% RH row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Kapton summary of properties (Qnity; Types HN, FN and HPP-ST; Tables 4, 8, 11 and 16)",
        "id": "Qnity Kapton summary of properties (undated PDF)",
        "url": "https://ekce-p-001.sitecorecontenthub.cloud/api/public/content/810b258c62404e42855984f345fdf8d7?v=a2916962",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer document, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "moisture_absorption",
      "label": "Moisture absorption, 150FN019, 98% RH",
      "value": 1.7,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "%",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "150FN019",
        "temperature": "23 °C (73 °F)",
        "humidity": "98% RH"
      },
      "method": "Value printed in Table 11 of the Qnity Kapton summary of properties",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "qnity-summary",
      "where": "Table 11, Moisture Absorption, 98% RH row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Kapton summary of properties (Qnity; Types HN, FN and HPP-ST; Tables 4, 8, 11 and 16)",
        "id": "Qnity Kapton summary of properties (undated PDF)",
        "url": "https://ekce-p-001.sitecorecontenthub.cloud/api/public/content/810b258c62404e42855984f345fdf8d7?v=a2916962",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer document, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "heat_seal_peel_strength",
      "label": "Minimum seal peel strength, FN constructions other than 120FN616",
      "value": 700,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "g/in",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "constructions": "all FN constructions except 120FN616",
        "seal": "jaw sealer at 350 °C (662 °F), 20 psig (1.4 bar), 20 sec dwell",
        "peel": "between coated sides; printed as minimum 700 g/in (2.7 N/cm)"
      },
      "method": "Minimum value stated in the Heat Seal Strength section of the Qnity Kapton FN specification bulletin",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "qnity-bulletin",
      "where": "Properties of Kapton FN Polyimide Film, Heat Seal Strength, Film-to-Film Seals",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Kapton polyimide film specifications bulletin (Qnity; Kapton HN, FN and HPP-ST; Tables 1 to 6)",
        "id": "Qnity Kapton specification bulletin (undated PDF)",
        "url": "https://ekce-p-001.sitecorecontenthub.cloud/api/public/content/599767bd7af84d92827184ea3728c2b3?v=5670ee5b",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer document, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "heat_seal_peel_strength",
      "label": "Minimum seal peel strength, 120FN616",
      "value": 450,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "g/in",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "constructions": "120FN616 only",
        "seal": "jaw sealer at 350 °C (662 °F), 20 psig (1.4 bar), 20 sec dwell",
        "peel": "between coated sides; printed as minimum 450 g/in (1.7 N/cm)"
      },
      "method": "Minimum value stated in the Heat Seal Strength section of the Qnity Kapton FN specification bulletin",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "qnity-bulletin",
      "where": "Properties of Kapton FN Polyimide Film, Heat Seal Strength, Film-to-Film Seals",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Kapton polyimide film specifications bulletin (Qnity; Kapton HN, FN and HPP-ST; Tables 1 to 6)",
        "id": "Qnity Kapton specification bulletin (undated PDF)",
        "url": "https://ekce-p-001.sitecorecontenthub.cloud/api/public/content/599767bd7af84d92827184ea3728c2b3?v=5670ee5b",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer document, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "ul_electrical_rti",
      "label": "UL electrical relative thermal index, Kapton FN series",
      "value": 240,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "°C",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "standard": "UL 746B",
        "series": "Kapton FN series as printed on the product page; no grade named"
      },
      "method": "Series-level value printed on the Qnity product page",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "qnity-page",
      "where": "Series-level properties table, UL Electrical RTI row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Kapton FN polyimide film (Qnity Electronics product page, grade and series property tables)",
        "id": "Qnity Electronics product page",
        "url": "https://www.qnityelectronics.com/products/kapton-fn-polyimide-film",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer web page, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "ul_mechanical_rti",
      "label": "UL mechanical strength relative thermal index, Kapton FN series",
      "value": 200,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "°C",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "standard": "UL 746B",
        "series": "Kapton FN series as printed on the product page; no grade named"
      },
      "method": "Series-level value printed on the Qnity product page",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "qnity-page",
      "where": "Series-level properties table, UL Mechanical Strength RTI row",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Kapton FN polyimide film (Qnity Electronics product page, grade and series property tables)",
        "id": "Qnity Electronics product page",
        "url": "https://www.qnityelectronics.com/products/kapton-fn-polyimide-film",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer web page, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "polyimide_content",
      "label": "Polyimide content, 120FN616",
      "value": 80,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "wt%",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "120FN616",
        "fep_wt_percent": 20,
        "construction": "25.4 µm Kapton HN base with 2.54 µm FEP on each side (Table 16)"
      },
      "method": "Value printed in Table 4 of the Qnity Kapton summary of properties",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "qnity-summary",
      "where": "Table 4, Polyimide, wt% row; Table 16 (Type FN Film Constructions)",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Kapton summary of properties (Qnity; Types HN, FN and HPP-ST; Tables 4, 8, 11 and 16)",
        "id": "Qnity Kapton summary of properties (undated PDF)",
        "url": "https://ekce-p-001.sitecorecontenthub.cloud/api/public/content/810b258c62404e42855984f345fdf8d7?v=a2916962",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer document, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "polyimide_content",
      "label": "Polyimide content, 150FN019",
      "value": 57,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "wt%",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "150FN019",
        "fep_wt_percent": 43,
        "construction": "25.4 µm Kapton HN base with 12.7 µm FEP on one side (Table 16)"
      },
      "method": "Value printed in Table 4 of the Qnity Kapton summary of properties",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "qnity-summary",
      "where": "Table 4, Polyimide, wt% row; Table 16",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Kapton summary of properties (Qnity; Types HN, FN and HPP-ST; Tables 4, 8, 11 and 16)",
        "id": "Qnity Kapton summary of properties (undated PDF)",
        "url": "https://ekce-p-001.sitecorecontenthub.cloud/api/public/content/810b258c62404e42855984f345fdf8d7?v=a2916962",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer document, linked not reproduced"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "polyimide_content",
      "label": "Polyimide content, 250FN029",
      "value": 73,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "wt%",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "250FN029",
        "fep_wt_percent": 27,
        "construction": "50.8 µm Kapton HN base with 12.7 µm FEP on one side (Table 16)"
      },
      "method": "Value printed in Table 4 of the Qnity Kapton summary of properties",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "qnity-summary",
      "where": "Table 4, Polyimide, wt% row; Table 16",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Kapton summary of properties (Qnity; Types HN, FN and HPP-ST; Tables 4, 8, 11 and 16)",
        "id": "Qnity Kapton summary of properties (undated PDF)",
        "url": "https://ekce-p-001.sitecorecontenthub.cloud/api/public/content/810b258c62404e42855984f345fdf8d7?v=a2916962",
        "year": 2026,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "manufacturer document, linked not reproduced"
      }
    }
  ],
  "corrosion": [
    {
      "environment": "Humid air, 23 °C, 50% and 98% relative humidity",
      "headline": "FN film took up 1.3% water at 50% RH and 2.5% at 98% RH for 120FN616.",
      "effect": "The summary of properties prints moisture absorption of 1.3% at 50% RH and 2.5% at 98% RH for 120FN616, and 0.8% and 1.7% for 150FN019. It says the FEP layer provides a moisture barrier. These are water-uptake figures, not a corrosion test.",
      "rating": "unknown",
      "conditions": {
        "basis": "printed moisture-absorption figures; no corrosion or humidity-ageing test printed for FN",
        "temperature": "23 °C (73 °F)"
      },
      "source": "qnity-summary",
      "where": "Table 11 (Chemical Properties of Kapton Type FN Film); Kapton FN description"
    },
    {
      "environment": "Ultraviolet light, oxygen and water in Earth's atmosphere",
      "headline": "Kapton loses elongation when UV, oxygen and water act together in air; FN was not tested separately in the summary.",
      "effect": "The summary says that in the atmosphere there is a synergistic effect on Kapton when it is directly exposed to some combinations of ultraviolet radiation, oxygen and water, shown as a loss of elongation in Florida panel tests and in an Atlas Weatherometer. The results are figures only, and no number is printed in the text.",
      "rating": "unknown",
      "conditions": {
        "basis": "statement about Kapton polyimide film in the summary's radiation section; no FN-specific test printed",
        "exposure": "Florida test panels and Atlas Weatherometer exposure (figures only)"
      },
      "source": "qnity-summary",
      "where": "Radiation Resistance section, UV paragraph and Figures 23 and 24"
    },
    {
      "environment": "Heat ageing in air at 400 °C",
      "headline": "Qnity's routine test ages the film at 400 °C for 2 hours and requires at least 10% elongation afterward.",
      "effect": "The bulletin says Kapton film is routinely aged freely suspended at 400 °C ±2 °C for 2 hours (1 hour for 30 and 50 gauge film), then tested on a tensile tester. The elongation should not be less than 10% after this ageing. The bulletin states this for the Kapton film it covers, and it gives no separate figure for FN.",
      "rating": "unknown",
      "conditions": {
        "basis": "routine manufacturing test as described in the bulletin; FN not named as a separate result",
        "temperature": "400 °C ±2 °C (752 °F ±3.6 °F)",
        "duration": "2 hr"
      },
      "source": "qnity-bulletin",
      "where": "Thermal Durability section"
    }
  ],
  "risks": {
    "hazards": [
      {
        "text": "DuPont article information sheet for Kapton HN and related films (version 2.2, revision date 11/30/2016): it lists no hazard classification or hazard statements and calls the product an article. It names no FN product, so it is the nearest hazard data for the HN base film.",
        "ghs": [],
        "source": "dupont-ais",
        "where": "Hazards identification and product information sections"
      },
      {
        "text": "The same sheet says the film does not readily burn or support combustion, is self-extinguishing, and will burn and char in 100% oxygen but does not burn in air. Thick films have sharp edges that can cause cuts.",
        "ghs": [],
        "source": "dupont-ais",
        "where": "Firefighting measures and Handling and storage sections"
      },
      {
        "text": "The same sheet lists temperature above 400 °C (752 °F) as a condition to avoid, with carbon oxides and nitrogen oxides (NOx) as hazardous decomposition products.",
        "ghs": [],
        "source": "dupont-ais",
        "where": "Stability and reactivity, under Hazards identification"
      }
    ],
    "failure_risks": [
      {
        "mode": "Overheating above 400 °C",
        "trigger": "Temperature above 400 °C (752 °F)",
        "consequence": "Decomposition to carbon oxides and nitrogen oxides, as the article information sheet states for the HN film. No decomposition temperature for the FEP layer is printed in the sources read.",
        "severity": "moderate",
        "source": "dupont-ais",
        "where": "Stability and reactivity, under Hazards identification"
      },
      {
        "mode": "Loss of elongation under UV, oxygen and water",
        "trigger": "Direct exposure to some combinations of ultraviolet radiation, oxygen and water in the atmosphere",
        "consequence": "Loss of elongation, shown in Florida panel and Atlas Weatherometer tests. The summary gives the results as figures only.",
        "severity": "moderate",
        "source": "qnity-summary",
        "where": "Radiation Resistance section, UV paragraph"
      }
    ],
    "side_effects": [
      {
        "text": "Processing and unwrapping the film can generate static charge.",
        "affects": "Handling and the equipment that feeds the film",
        "source": "dupont-ais",
        "where": "Firefighting measures section"
      }
    ],
    "handling": [
      {
        "text": "Store in a dry place at 20 - 30 °C, as the article information sheet advises for the HN film.",
        "source": "dupont-ais",
        "where": "Handling and storage section"
      },
      {
        "text": "Avoid breathing dust, take action to avoid static electricity discharge, and handle thick films with care because their edges can cut.",
        "source": "dupont-ais",
        "where": "Advice on safe handling, under Handling and storage"
      },
      {
        "text": "Keep away from strong acids and strong oxidizers, which the sheet lists as incompatible.",
        "source": "dupont-ais",
        "where": "Stability and reactivity, Incompatibility"
      }
    ],
    "mitigations": [
      {
        "text": "Wear safety glasses with side shields and impervious gloves. Wear a respirator with a dust or mist cartridge only where airborne exposure could exceed applicable limits.",
        "source": "dupont-ais",
        "where": "Exposure controls and personal protection section"
      }
    ]
  },
  "uses": [
    {
      "application": "electronics-and-chips",
      "device": "Heater circuits, tubing, heat-sealable bags and electrical insulation",
      "example": "Qnity's product page lists heater circuits, tubing, heat-sealable bags, automotive diaphragms and manifolds, and electrical insulation as applications of Kapton FN. No aerospace application is named on the page.",
      "source": "qnity-page",
      "where": "Applications section of the product page"
    },
    {
      "application": "thermal-control",
      "device": "Aluminized Kapton polyimide multilayer insulation (MLI) on a space experiment tray",
      "example": "A NASA report on Space Station WP-2 blankets describes aluminized Kapton polyimide MLI on LDEF tray F-9 and expects the blanket to last 30 years in low Earth orbit. The report names no Kapton grade and no FEP coating, so it does not show flight use of FN.",
      "source": "smith1994",
      "where": "Results of LDEF Space Exposure and WP-2 blanket requirements sections"
    }
  ],
  "supply": [
    {
      "subject": "Polyimide film (Kapton)",
      "abundance": "Monomer feedstock abundance was not found in any source read for this profile.",
      "producers": [
        {
          "country": "not stated in source"
        },
        {
          "country": "not stated in source",
          "year": 2025
        }
      ],
      "critical_lists": [],
      "recycling": "Not sourced.",
      "substitutes": [],
      "source": "wiki-kapton",
      "where": "Manufacturers paragraph"
    }
  ],
  "media": [],
  "documents": [
    {
      "title": "Qnity Electronics product page: Kapton FN polyimide film",
      "type": "datasheet",
      "url": "https://www.qnityelectronics.com/products/kapton-fn-polyimide-film",
      "year": 2026
    },
    {
      "title": "Qnity Kapton polyimide film specification bulletin (Kapton HN, FN and HPP-ST; Tables 1 to 6), undated PDF",
      "type": "datasheet",
      "url": "https://ekce-p-001.sitecorecontenthub.cloud/api/public/content/599767bd7af84d92827184ea3728c2b3?v=5670ee5b",
      "year": 2026
    },
    {
      "title": "Qnity Kapton summary of properties (Types HN, FN and HPP-ST; Tables 4, 8, 11 and 16), undated PDF",
      "type": "datasheet",
      "url": "https://ekce-p-001.sitecorecontenthub.cloud/api/public/content/810b258c62404e42855984f345fdf8d7?v=a2916962",
      "year": 2026
    },
    {
      "title": "DuPont article information sheet: Kapton FPC, HN, HPP-ST, PST, VN, V, GS (0.3 - 2 mil), version 2.2",
      "type": "sds",
      "url": "https://www.boedeker.com/Portals/0/Safety%20Data%20Sheets%20SDS/Kapton-Film-Dupont-Safety-Data-Sheet-SDS-11-30-2016.PDF",
      "year": 2016
    },
    {
      "title": "NASA: Space Station WP-2 Application of LDEF MLI Results (NTRS 19940026511)",
      "type": "report",
      "url": "https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/19940026511",
      "year": 1994
    }
  ],
  "gaps": [
    "No flight, space-exposure, atomic-oxygen or vacuum result for an FN grade was found. The only space source (NASA WP-2 paper) names no Kapton grade and no FEP coating, so FN flight heritage is not shown.",
    "Density is printed twice for each grade with different values (summary 1.53, 1.67 and 1.57 g/cc; product page 1.50, 1.70 and 1.60 g/cc). Both are recorded and neither is picked as correct.",
    "The bulletin's Table 2 and Table 3 mechanical, thermal and electrical values (including dielectric constant, dissipation factor, volume resistivity and moisture absorption) are printed for Kapton HN base film, not for FN constructions, so they are not recorded here as FN values.",
    "Volume resistivity for FN (summary Table 8) is printed with exponents (1.4 ×1017 and similar). It is left out because the exponent does not print cleanly.",
    "Chemical resistance is printed only for Kapton HN (summary Table 10) and for three FN constructions in Table 11 that show moisture data, not solvent or acid resistance. No FN chemical-resistance result was recorded.",
    "The UV and radiation results are shown as bar graphs or figures (Figures 23 and 24 and the radiation tables). No FN number was taken from a graph.",
    "The UL RTI values come from the product page as single series values. The bulletin prints ranges of 200 to 220 °C (mechanical) and 220 to 240 °C (electrical), depending on gauge and type; the ranges are not recorded as separate rows.",
    "The article information sheet covers Kapton HN and related films but does not name FN. No SDS or PubChem GHS record for Kapton FN was found, so hazard entries rest on the HN sheet and the FN summary.",
    "Supply data are thin: Wikipedia names the manufacturers without countries or volumes, and no production share, feedstock abundance or critical-mineral list for polyimide film was found in the sources read.",
    "Web search was not available during this run, so producer and space-flight sources beyond the pages listed were not checked."
  ],
  "story": {
    "why": "Kapton FN is Kapton HN polyimide film with FEP fluorocarbon resin on one or both sides. The polyimide keeps the high-temperature insulation behaviour of the base film, and the FEP layer adds a heat-sealable surface and a moisture barrier. Qnity describes FN as a heat-sealable grade for flexible insulation, heater circuits and bags. The summary of properties does not name a space application for FN, and the only space source read describes plain Kapton MLI without naming a grade. A designer who needs a sealable, insulating film would choose FN for those properties, and the sources read for this profile do not show that FN has flown.",
    "uses": [
      {
        "where": "Heater circuits, tubing and electrical insulation",
        "line": "Qnity's product page lists heater circuits, tubing, heat-sealable bags, automotive diaphragms and manifolds, and electrical insulation as uses of Kapton FN. No aerospace use is named on the page."
      },
      {
        "where": "Space thermal blankets (Kapton, grade not stated)",
        "line": "A NASA report on Space Station WP-2 blankets describes aluminized Kapton polyimide multilayer insulation on LDEF tray F-9 and expects the blanket to last 30 years in low Earth orbit. The report names no Kapton grade and no FEP coating."
      }
    ],
    "can_do": [
      {
        "label": "Strength",
        "line": "The 120FN616 construction has a typical ultimate tensile strength of 207 MPa at 23 °C and an elongation at break of 75% (summary, Table 4, ASTM D-882-91 Method A).",
        "scope": "material",
        "value": "207 MPa"
      },
      {
        "label": "Insulation",
        "line": "120FN616 has a typical dielectric strength of 272 V/µm and a dielectric constant of 3.1 (summary, Table 8). The bulletin's minimum breakdown for the same construction is 165 kV/mm.",
        "scope": "material",
        "value": "272 V/µm"
      },
      {
        "label": "Heat sealing",
        "line": "Coated sides seal to a minimum peel strength of 700 g/in (2.7 N/cm) for constructions other than 120FN616, which has 450 g/in (1.7 N/cm). The test seals at 350 °C (662 °F), 20 psig and 20 sec dwell (bulletin).",
        "scope": "material",
        "value": "700 g/in"
      },
      {
        "label": "Moisture",
        "line": "120FN616 takes up 1.3% water at 50% RH and 2.5% at 98% RH at 23 °C (summary, Table 11). The summary says the FEP layer provides a moisture barrier.",
        "scope": "material",
        "value": "2.5% at 98% RH"
      },
      {
        "label": "Thermal index",
        "line": "The Qnity product page lists a UL electrical relative thermal index of 240 °C and a mechanical value of 200 °C under UL 746B, for the Kapton FN series.",
        "scope": "material",
        "value": "240 °C electrical"
      }
    ],
    "compare": "Among the three printed FN constructions, 120FN616 has the highest tensile strength at 23 °C (207 MPa) and the highest typical dielectric strength (272 V/µm), but its minimum breakdown (165 kV/mm) is above 150FN019 (146 kV/mm) and 250FN029 (108 kV/mm). 250FN029 has the highest elongation at 23 °C (85%) and the highest tensile modulus (2.62 GPa). 150FN019 takes up less water at 98% RH (1.7%) than 120FN616 (2.5%); the summary prints no moisture figure for 250FN029. The bulletin's and the summary's densities for the same grades differ, so the density comparison is shown with both values. The bulletin's HN base-film tables are not recorded here as FN values.",
    "compare_rows": [
      {
        "label": "Density (summary values)",
        "benchmark": "density",
        "scope": "material"
      },
      {
        "label": "Tensile strength at 23 °C",
        "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength",
        "scope": "material"
      },
      {
        "label": "Dielectric strength",
        "benchmark": "dielectric_strength",
        "scope": "material"
      }
    ],
    "handling": [
      "Store in a dry place at 20 to 30 °C, away from strong acids and strong oxidizers.",
      "Avoid breathing dust and take action against static discharge when unwrapping the film.",
      "Thick films have sharp edges. Wear safety glasses with side shields and impervious gloves.",
      "Keep the film below 400 °C, above which the sheet lists carbon oxides and nitrogen oxides as decomposition products."
    ],
    "good_for": [
      "Heat sealing. Coated sides seal with a minimum peel strength of 700 g/in for most constructions (bulletin).",
      "Moisture-resistant insulation. The FEP layer gives a moisture barrier (summary); 120FN616 takes up 2.5% water at 98% RH.",
      "Insulation in thin gauges. 120FN616 has a typical dielectric strength of 272 V/µm."
    ],
    "watch_out": [
      "No flight data for an FN grade were found, and the space-exposure data read for Kapton are for other grades or films.",
      "Density values differ between Qnity's two sources for each grade (1.53 against 1.50 for 120FN616, 1.67 against 1.70 for 150FN019 and 1.57 against 1.60 for 250FN029).",
      "Loss of elongation under UV, oxygen and water in air; the summary shows it only in figures."
    ],
    "verdict": "Kapton FN is a heat-sealable version of Kapton HN film with a FEP layer that adds sealing and a moisture barrier. Its space record is thin in the sources read, so treat it as a ground-tested insulating film unless the grade is qualified for flight.",
    "recipe": {
      "line": "Kapton FN is a composite of Kapton HN polyimide film with FEP fluorocarbon resin on one or both sides. Qnity's bulletin describes it as combining Kapton HN with FEP in a composite structure. Weight shares are printed for three constructions.",
      "parts": [
        {
          "name": "Kapton HN polyimide film",
          "role": "The base film. It carries the polyimide's thermal, mechanical and electrical properties.",
          "share_note": "80 wt% in 120FN616, 57 wt% in 150FN019, 73 wt% in 250FN029 (summary, Table 4)"
        },
        {
          "name": "FEP fluorocarbon resin",
          "role": "The heat-sealable layer on one or both sides. The summary says it adds heat sealability, a moisture barrier and better chemical resistance.",
          "share_note": "20 wt% in 120FN616, 43 wt% in 150FN019, 27 wt% in 250FN029 (summary, Table 4)"
        }
      ]
    },
    "risk_groups": [
      {
        "title": "For people",
        "lead": "The article information sheet for the Kapton HN base film lists no hazard classification. It does not name the FN product, so check the supplier data for the FN film you handle.",
        "points": [
          {
            "label": "The film",
            "line": "The sheet lists no hazard statements and says inhalation and ingestion are not considered potential routes of exposure. Thick films have sharp edges that can cut."
          },
          {
            "label": "Fire",
            "line": "The film is self-extinguishing and does not burn in air, though it burns in 100% oxygen. Above 400 °C (752 °F) it gives off carbon oxides and nitrogen oxides."
          },
          {
            "label": "Static",
            "line": "Processing and unwrapping can generate static charge, so the sheet advises taking action to avoid static discharge."
          }
        ],
        "level": 1,
        "verdict": "No hazard classification listed; watch cuts and static"
      },
      {
        "title": "If it overheats or ages",
        "lead": "These results come from the manufacturer's sheet, the summary of properties and the bulletin's routine ageing test, not from failures of finished flight hardware.",
        "points": [
          {
            "label": "Heat",
            "line": "The sheet lists temperature above 400 °C as a condition to avoid. Qnity's routine test ages the film at 400 °C for 2 hours and requires at least 10% elongation afterward."
          },
          {
            "label": "Sunlight and air",
            "line": "In the summary's test panels, Kapton lost elongation when ultraviolet light, oxygen and water acted together. The results are shown only as figures."
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "title": "Handling and storage",
        "points": [
          {
            "label": "Storage",
            "line": "Keep the film dry at 20 - 30 °C, away from strong acids and strong oxidizers."
          },
          {
            "label": "Protection",
            "line": "Wear safety glasses with side shields and impervious gloves. A dust respirator is needed only where airborne exposure could exceed limits."
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "updated": "2026-11-01",
  "review": {
    "status": "draft",
    "method": "assistant",
    "checked_values": 41,
    "unreachable": 0,
    "caveats": 4,
    "note": "Written by an AI assistant on 2026-11-01. Values were read from text extracted from the Qnity specification bulletin and summary of properties PDFs and from the Qnity product page. Caveats: density is printed with different values in two Qnity sources; FN dielectric and moisture values are typical; UL RTI values are series-level; no FN space-flight data were found."
  },
  "sources": {
    "qnity-page": {
      "title": "Kapton FN polyimide film (Qnity Electronics product page, grade and series property tables)",
      "id": "Qnity Electronics product page",
      "url": "https://www.qnityelectronics.com/products/kapton-fn-polyimide-film",
      "year": 2026,
      "kind": "datasheet",
      "license": "manufacturer web page, linked not reproduced"
    },
    "qnity-bulletin": {
      "title": "Kapton polyimide film specifications bulletin (Qnity; Kapton HN, FN and HPP-ST; Tables 1 to 6)",
      "id": "Qnity Kapton specification bulletin (undated PDF)",
      "url": "https://ekce-p-001.sitecorecontenthub.cloud/api/public/content/599767bd7af84d92827184ea3728c2b3?v=5670ee5b",
      "year": 2026,
      "kind": "datasheet",
      "license": "manufacturer document, linked not reproduced"
    },
    "qnity-summary": {
      "title": "Kapton summary of properties (Qnity; Types HN, FN and HPP-ST; Tables 4, 8, 11 and 16)",
      "id": "Qnity Kapton summary of properties (undated PDF)",
      "url": "https://ekce-p-001.sitecorecontenthub.cloud/api/public/content/810b258c62404e42855984f345fdf8d7?v=a2916962",
      "year": 2026,
      "kind": "datasheet",
      "license": "manufacturer document, linked not reproduced"
    },
    "dupont-ais": {
      "title": "Article Information Sheet: DuPont Kapton FPC; HN; HPP-ST; PST; VN; V; GS (0.3 - 2 mil)",
      "id": "Version 2.2, revision date 11/30/2016, Ref. 150000003827",
      "url": "https://www.boedeker.com/Portals/0/Safety%20Data%20Sheets%20SDS/Kapton-Film-Dupont-Safety-Data-Sheet-SDS-11-30-2016.PDF",
      "year": 2016,
      "kind": "datasheet",
      "license": "manufacturer document, linked not reproduced"
    },
    "smith1994": {
      "title": "Space Station WP-2 Application of LDEF MLI Results",
      "id": "NTRS 19940026511",
      "url": "https://ntrs.nasa.gov/citations/19940026511",
      "year": 1994,
      "kind": "report",
      "license": "NASA NTRS document, linked not reproduced"
    },
    "wiki-kapton": {
      "title": "Wikipedia, Kapton (manufacturers and monomers)",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapton",
      "kind": "web",
      "license": "CC BY-SA (Wikipedia)"
    },
    "wiki-polyimide": {
      "title": "Wikipedia, Polyimide (polymer class, thermal stability, use in spacecraft MLI)",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyimide",
      "kind": "web",
      "license": "CC BY-SA (Wikipedia)"
    },
    "wiki-fep": {
      "title": "Wikipedia, Fluorinated ethylene propylene (copolymer definition)",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluorinated_ethylene_propylene",
      "kind": "web",
      "license": "CC BY-SA (Wikipedia)"
    }
  },
  "license": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "url": "https://spacemushroom.com/profiles/pi-kapton-fn/"
}