{
  "spore": "profile",
  "id": "anorthite",
  "spore_version": "0.2",
  "family": "plagioclase feldspar",
  "name": "Anorthite",
  "abbreviation": "An",
  "role": "feedstock",
  "category": "regolith",
  "type": "extracted-metals-and-oxygen",
  "summary": "Anorthite is the calcium end-member of the plagioclase feldspar series, with the formula CaAl2Si2O8. Webmineral prints a calculated specific gravity of 2.75 gm/cc, and the Handbook of Mineralogy prints a hardness of 6 to 6.5. Wikipedia states that anorthite makes up much of the lunar highlands. No source read in this run describes an extraction process for aluminium, calcium or oxygen from anorthite.\n",
  "best_for": "Reference data for lunar highlands plagioclase. Not yet a sourced feedstock for aluminium, calcium or oxygen extraction in this profile.",
  "weakest_at": "Few measured values with units. No melting point, hazard classification or extraction result was found in the sources read.",
  "identity": {
    "formula": "CaAl2Si2O8",
    "cas": "1302-54-1",
    "crystal_system": "triclinic",
    "space_group": "P1 (low)",
    "designations": [],
    "source": "hom-anorthite",
    "where": "Formula and crystal system from the Handbook of Mineralogy anorthite entry (Triclinic; Cell Data, Space Group P 1 (low)). CaAl2Si2O8 is also printed on webmineral and Wikipedia. CAS 1302-54-1 is listed under Other Identifiers in the PubChem record for CID 56843091. Ideal composition printed by webmineral: SiO2 44.40 %, Al2O3 35.84 %, CaO 19.20 %; element shares Ca 13.72 %, Al 18.97 %, Si 20.75 %, O 46.14 %. Wikipedia's Occurrence section says it was first described in 1823. Space group conflict: Wikipedia prints P1 (no. 2) and webmineral prints P1,I1."
  },
  "tags": {
    "environments": [],
    "stresses": [],
    "applications": [
      "in-space-manufacturing"
    ]
  },
  "properties": [
    {
      "benchmark": "density",
      "label": "Calculated specific gravity",
      "value": 2.75,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "gm/cc",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "basis": "calculated value printed by webmineral",
        "temperature": "not stated on the page"
      },
      "method": "Calculated value printed under Calculated Properties on webmineral. Unit printed as gm/cc. Not a measurement.",
      "status": "calculated",
      "source": "webmineral-anorthite",
      "where": "Calculated Properties of Anorthite: Specific Gravity of Anorthite = 2.75 gm/cc",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Webmineral: Anorthite data page",
        "url": "https://www.webmineral.com/data/Anorthite.shtml",
        "kind": "database"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "density",
      "label": "Bulk density from electron density",
      "value": 2.73,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "gm/cc",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "basis": "bulk density from electron density, printed by webmineral",
        "temperature": "not stated on the page"
      },
      "method": "Calculated value printed under Calculated Properties on webmineral. Unit printed as gm/cc.",
      "status": "calculated",
      "source": "webmineral-anorthite",
      "where": "Calculated Properties of Anorthite: Bulk Density (Electron Density) = 2.73 gm/cc",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Webmineral: Anorthite data page",
        "url": "https://www.webmineral.com/data/Anorthite.shtml",
        "kind": "database"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "hardness_mohs",
      "label": "Hardness (Mohs scale)",
      "value": 6,
      "value_high": 6.5,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "-",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "basis": "range printed in the Handbook of Mineralogy",
        "scale": "Mohs scale; the scale name is not printed on the page"
      },
      "method": "Handbook of Mineralogy prints Hardness = 6 to 6.5 (the en dash is garbled in the PDF text). Unit recorded as - because the scale is dimensionless.",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "hom-anorthite",
      "where": "Physical Properties: Hardness",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Handbook of Mineralogy: Anorthite (Mineral Data Publishing)",
        "url": "http://www.handbookofmineralogy.org/pdfs/anorthite.pdf",
        "year": 2001,
        "kind": "handbook"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "refractive_index",
      "label": "Refractive index, alpha",
      "value": 1.573,
      "value_high": 1.577,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "-",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "wavelength": "not stated on the page",
        "index": "alpha"
      },
      "method": "Handbook of Mineralogy prints the alpha index as 1.573 to 1.577. The Greek letter is garbled in the PDF text; the assignment follows the order alpha, beta, gamma.",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "hom-anorthite",
      "where": "Optical Properties: refractive index line (alpha)",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Handbook of Mineralogy: Anorthite (Mineral Data Publishing)",
        "url": "http://www.handbookofmineralogy.org/pdfs/anorthite.pdf",
        "year": 2001,
        "kind": "handbook"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "refractive_index",
      "label": "Refractive index, beta",
      "value": 1.58,
      "value_high": 1.585,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "-",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "wavelength": "not stated on the page",
        "index": "beta"
      },
      "method": "Handbook of Mineralogy prints the beta index as 1.580 to 1.585. The Greek letter is garbled in the PDF text.",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "hom-anorthite",
      "where": "Optical Properties: refractive index line (beta)",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Handbook of Mineralogy: Anorthite (Mineral Data Publishing)",
        "url": "http://www.handbookofmineralogy.org/pdfs/anorthite.pdf",
        "year": 2001,
        "kind": "handbook"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "refractive_index",
      "label": "Refractive index, gamma",
      "value": 1.585,
      "value_high": 1.59,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "-",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "wavelength": "not stated on the page",
        "index": "gamma"
      },
      "method": "Handbook of Mineralogy prints the gamma index as 1.585 to 1.590. The Greek letter is garbled in the PDF text.",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "hom-anorthite",
      "where": "Optical Properties: refractive index line (gamma)",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Handbook of Mineralogy: Anorthite (Mineral Data Publishing)",
        "url": "http://www.handbookofmineralogy.org/pdfs/anorthite.pdf",
        "year": 2001,
        "kind": "handbook"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "refractive_index",
      "label": "Calculated refractive index (Gladstone-Dale)",
      "value": 1.57,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "-",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "basis": "Gladstone-Dale calculation printed by webmineral"
      },
      "method": "Calculated value printed on webmineral in the Gladstone-Dale section. Not a measurement.",
      "status": "calculated",
      "source": "webmineral-anorthite",
      "where": "Optical Properties, Gladstone-Dale section: Ncalc = 1.57",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Webmineral: Anorthite data page",
        "url": "https://www.webmineral.com/data/Anorthite.shtml",
        "kind": "database"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "birefringence",
      "label": "Birefringence",
      "value": 0.011,
      "value_high": 0.012,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "-",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "wavelength": "not stated on the page"
      },
      "method": "Printed by webmineral as bire=0.0110-0.0120. Unit recorded as - because birefringence is dimensionless. Wikipedia prints 0.012 to 0.013 but is not used for properties in this profile.",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "webmineral-anorthite",
      "where": "Optical Properties: bire=0.0110-0.0120",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Webmineral: Anorthite data page",
        "url": "https://www.webmineral.com/data/Anorthite.shtml",
        "kind": "database"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "molar_mass",
      "label": "Formula mass",
      "value": 278.203,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "g·mol−1",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "basis": "formula mass printed in the Wikipedia infobox"
      },
      "method": "Taken from the Wikipedia infobox, used here for composition only. Sources conflict: webmineral prints Molecular Weight = 277.41 gm, and PubChem's computed value is 278.21 with no unit printed. See gaps.",
      "status": "calculated",
      "source": "wikipedia-anorthite",
      "where": "Infobox: Formula mass 278.203 g·mol−1",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Wikipedia: Anorthite",
        "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anorthite",
        "kind": "web"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "photoelectric_absorption_per_electron",
      "label": "Photoelectric absorption per electron (calculated)",
      "value": 3.05,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "barns/electron",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "basis": "calculated value printed by webmineral"
      },
      "method": "Calculated value printed on webmineral in the photoelectric section. Not a measurement.",
      "status": "calculated",
      "source": "webmineral-anorthite",
      "where": "Calculated Properties: PEAnorthite = 3.05 barns/electron",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Webmineral: Anorthite data page",
        "url": "https://www.webmineral.com/data/Anorthite.shtml",
        "kind": "database"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "photoelectric_absorption_per_volume",
      "label": "Photoelectric absorption per volume (calculated)",
      "value": 8.32,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "barns/cc",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "basis": "calculated value printed by webmineral, PEAnorthite times electron density"
      },
      "method": "Calculated value printed on webmineral. Not a measurement.",
      "status": "calculated",
      "source": "webmineral-anorthite",
      "where": "Calculated Properties: U = PEAnorthite x rElectron Density = 8.32 barns/cc",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Webmineral: Anorthite data page",
        "url": "https://www.webmineral.com/data/Anorthite.shtml",
        "kind": "database"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "formula_units_per_cell",
      "label": "Formula units per unit cell (Z)",
      "value": 8,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "-",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "basis": "triclinic cell as printed by the Handbook of Mineralogy"
      },
      "method": "Printed as Z = 8 in the cell data. Dimensionless count.",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "hom-anorthite",
      "where": "Cell Data: Z = 8",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Handbook of Mineralogy: Anorthite (Mineral Data Publishing)",
        "url": "http://www.handbookofmineralogy.org/pdfs/anorthite.pdf",
        "year": 2001,
        "kind": "handbook"
      }
    }
  ],
  "corrosion": [
    {
      "environment": "Weathering of surface rocks",
      "headline": "Wikipedia says anorthite is scarcer in surface rocks than expected, which it attributes to a high weathering potential in the Goldich dissolution series.",
      "effect": "No weathering rate, mass loss or corrosion test result for anorthite was found in the sources read, so this entry is qualitative only.",
      "rating": "unknown",
      "conditions": {
        "basis": "qualitative statement only; no test conditions are printed on the page"
      },
      "source": "wikipedia-anorthite",
      "where": "Occurrence section"
    }
  ],
  "risks": {
    "hazards": [
      {
        "text": "The PubChem record for anorthite (CID 56843091) has no Safety and Hazards section, so no GHS classification was found in the record.",
        "ghs": [],
        "source": "pubchem-anorthite",
        "where": "Record table of contents: no Safety and Hazards heading"
      }
    ],
    "failure_risks": [
      {
        "mode": "Brittle fracture along cleavage planes",
        "trigger": "Mechanical stress on a crystal or grain",
        "consequence": "The Handbook of Mineralogy prints perfect cleavage on {001}, less so on {010}, imperfect on {110}, and brittle tenacity, so fragments split along those planes.",
        "severity": "low",
        "source": "hom-anorthite",
        "where": "Physical Properties: Cleavage and Tenacity"
      }
    ],
    "side_effects": [],
    "handling": [],
    "mitigations": []
  },
  "uses": [
    {
      "application": "in-space-manufacturing",
      "device": "Lunar regolith processing plant (concept only)",
      "example": "Wikipedia says lunar regolith has been hailed as a potential source of oxygen and metals. The page does not name anorthite as the feedstock or name an extraction process.",
      "source": "wikipedia-lunar-regolith",
      "where": "Notes section, note 31"
    },
    {
      "application": "in-space-manufacturing",
      "device": "Molten salt electrolysis cell for lunar highland regolith (laboratory concept, tested on the LHS-1 simulant)",
      "example": "Schild et al. (Acta Astronautica, 2025) report that molten salt electrolysis of the LHS-1 highland regolith simulant extracted 97–99 % of the oxygen present in the simulant feedstock. The same paper compares the result with electrolysis of anorthosite, the major mineral of highland regolith, and does not report anorthite on its own.",
      "source": "schild2025",
      "where": "Abstract, sentences on the LHS-1 electrolysis and the anorthosite comparison"
    }
  ],
  "supply": [
    {
      "subject": "Anorthite as a mineral",
      "abundance": "The Handbook of Mineralogy calls it a widely distributed rock-forming mineral and a rare constituent of mafic plutonic and volcanic rocks. Wikipedia says anorthite makes up much of the lunar highlands.",
      "producers": [],
      "critical_lists": [],
      "recycling": "Not found in any source read.",
      "substitutes": [
        "Not found in any source read."
      ],
      "source": "hom-anorthite",
      "where": "Occurrence and Distribution sections"
    },
    {
      "subject": "Aluminium, for comparison only",
      "abundance": "USGS 2026 prints world bauxite resources of 55 billion to 75 billion tons, and world smelter production of 74,000 thousand metric tons in 2025e (world total, rounded). US net import reliance was 60 % of apparent consumption in 2025e.",
      "producers": [],
      "critical_lists": [],
      "recycling": "USGS 2026 says secondary aluminum from scrap is a large share of US supply.",
      "substitutes": [
        "Not found in any source read."
      ],
      "source": "usgs-mcs2026-aluminum",
      "where": "Aluminum section: Salient Statistics, World Smelter Production and Capacity table, World Resources paragraph"
    }
  ],
  "media": [],
  "documents": [
    {
      "title": "Handbook of Mineralogy: Anorthite (Mineral Data Publishing)",
      "type": "database",
      "url": "http://www.handbookofmineralogy.org/pdfs/anorthite.pdf",
      "year": 2001
    },
    {
      "title": "USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026: Aluminum",
      "type": "report",
      "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-aluminum.pdf",
      "year": 2026
    },
    {
      "title": "PubChem compound record, Anorthite (CID 56843091)",
      "type": "database",
      "url": "https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/56843091"
    },
    {
      "title": "Webmineral: Anorthite data page",
      "type": "database",
      "url": "https://www.webmineral.com/data/Anorthite.shtml"
    },
    {
      "title": "Characterization of metal products from the molten salt electrolysis of lunar highland regolith simulants (Acta Astronautica, 2025)",
      "type": "paper",
      "url": "https://researchportal.list.lu/publications/detail/characterization-of-metal-products-from-the-molten-salt-electrolysis-of-lunar-highland-regolith-simulants",
      "year": 2025
    }
  ],
  "gaps": [
    "Melting point: Wikipedia prints a melting point for pure anorthite, but this profile limits Wikipedia to composition and history, so no melting point is entered. A mineral physics, phase diagram or handbook value is needed.",
    "Measured density: webmineral prints a range of 2.72 to 2.75 with an average of 2.73, and the Handbook of Mineralogy prints D(meas.) 2.74 to 2.76, all without a unit. None is entered. Only the calculated values with gm/cc are entered.",
    "Unit cell edge lengths (a = 8.1768, b = 12.8768, c = 14.169) are printed without units on webmineral and the Handbook of Mineralogy. Wikipedia prints them in angstrom but is limited to composition and history, so they are not entered.",
    "2V angle: webmineral prints 2V(Calc)=78 and 2V(Meas)=78 without a unit, and the Handbook of Mineralogy prints 78 to 83 with the degree sign garbled. Not entered.",
    "Space group conflict: the Handbook of Mineralogy prints P 1 (low), Wikipedia prints P1 (no. 2) and webmineral prints P1,I1. The Handbook value is entered.",
    "Molar mass conflict: Wikipedia prints 278.203 g·mol−1, webmineral prints Molecular Weight = 277.41 gm, and PubChem prints a computed 278.21 with no unit. The Wikipedia value is entered; the others are recorded here only.",
    "Non-canonical property names: birefringence, formula_units_per_cell, photoelectric_absorption_per_electron, photoelectric_absorption_per_volume, hardness_mohs and molar_mass are not in spores/property-canon.yaml.",
    "Extraction process for aluminium, calcium or oxygen from anorthite: no source read in this run names a process, yield or energy figure for anorthite itself. Schild et al. (2025) describe molten salt electrolysis of the LHS-1 highland simulant, compared with anorthosite, and report 97–99 % oxygen extraction from that simulant; anorthite is not reported separately. The Wikipedia regolith page only calls regolith a potential source of oxygen and metals.",
    "Anorthite share in LHS-1: the Wikipedia lunar regolith simulant page names LHS-1 (Lunar Highlands Simulant, Exolith Lab, University of Central Florida) but gives no composition. The statement that anorthite is the main phase in LHS-1 is not verified in this run.",
    "Hazards and handling: the PubChem record has no Safety and Hazards section, and no safety data sheet for anorthite was read. Dust exposure limits and handling advice are not sourced.",
    "Corrosion and ageing: only a qualitative weathering statement was found on Wikipedia. No weathering rate, leaching rate or ageing test result is entered.",
    "Uses: two ISRU concept uses are sourced (a regolith processing plant and molten salt electrolysis of a highland simulant). No ceramic, refractory or industrial use of anorthite itself was read in this run.",
    "Supply: no production, trade or country share data for anorthite were found. No critical-minerals listing for aluminium or anorthite was read, so critical_lists is empty.",
    "Environment and stress tags: tags.environments and tags.stresses are left out because no source ties anorthite to a lunar-day, shadowed-crater or thermal stress.",
    "Media: no image with a licence was read, so the media block is left out.",
    "Thermal and mechanical properties: no elastic modulus, thermal conductivity, CTE or specific heat for anorthite was found in the sources read."
  ],
  "story": {
    "why": "Anorthite (CaAl2Si2O8) is the calcium-rich member of the plagioclase feldspar series. Wikipedia states that it makes up much of the lunar highlands, and it was first described in 1823. It is triclinic with a Mohs hardness of 6 to 6.5 and a calculated specific gravity of 2.75 gm/cc. Its interest for the Moon is the aluminium, calcium and oxygen in its framework, but this profile holds no extraction data for it.\n",
    "uses": [
      {
        "where": "Lunar regolith concept",
        "line": "Wikipedia says lunar regolith has been hailed as a potential source of oxygen and metals. The page does not name anorthite as the feedstock or name an extraction route."
      },
      {
        "where": "Molten salt electrolysis of highland simulant",
        "line": "Schild et al. (Acta Astronautica, 2025) report 97–99 % oxygen extraction from the LHS-1 highland simulant by molten salt electrolysis. The paper compares it with anorthosite, not anorthite."
      }
    ],
    "can_do": [
      {
        "label": "Density",
        "line": "Webmineral prints a calculated specific gravity of 2.75 gm/cc and a bulk density from electron density of 2.73 gm/cc. Both are calculated values, not measurements.",
        "benchmark": "density",
        "scope": "material"
      },
      {
        "label": "Hardness",
        "line": "The Handbook of Mineralogy prints a hardness of 6 to 6.5.",
        "benchmark": "hardness_mohs",
        "scope": "material"
      },
      {
        "label": "Optics",
        "line": "The Handbook of Mineralogy prints refractive indices of 1.573 to 1.577 (alpha), 1.580 to 1.585 (beta) and 1.585 to 1.590 (gamma). Webmineral calls the mineral biaxial negative.",
        "benchmark": "refractive_index",
        "scope": "material"
      }
    ],
    "compare": "Anorthite is a silicate mineral and aluminium is a metal, so this profile does not compare them on density or hardness. The USGS 2026 aluminum summary gives world smelter production of 74,000 thousand metric tons in 2025e, which is the existing comparison point for any aluminium route from this mineral. No source read in this run gives an extraction yield or energy figure for anorthite, so no like-for-like comparison is possible yet.\n",
    "compare_rows": [
      {
        "label": "Calculated density",
        "benchmark": "density",
        "scope": "material"
      },
      {
        "label": "Hardness (Mohs)",
        "benchmark": "hardness_mohs",
        "scope": "material"
      },
      {
        "label": "Refractive index, alpha",
        "benchmark": "refractive_index",
        "scope": "material"
      }
    ],
    "handling": [
      "No safety data sheet or handling guidance for anorthite was read in this run, so this profile gives no handling rule. Read a supplier safety data sheet before handling powdered samples."
    ],
    "good_for": [
      "Lunar highlands reference: Wikipedia says anorthite makes up much of the lunar highlands, and it describes the Genesis Rock as composed largely of anorthite.",
      "Plagioclase reference data: the calculated density, refractive indices and hardness in this profile come from webmineral and the Handbook of Mineralogy."
    ],
    "watch_out": [
      "Molar mass conflicts between sources. Webmineral prints 277.41 gm, Wikipedia prints 278.203 g·mol−1, and PubChem computes 278.21 with no unit printed.",
      "No melting point is entered. Wikipedia prints one, but this profile limits Wikipedia to composition and history.",
      "The extraction role is not sourced. The Wikipedia regolith page calls regolith a potential source of oxygen and metals but names no process for anorthite."
    ],
    "verdict": "Anorthite is a well-characterised calcium plagioclase, and its calculated and optical data can be cited. For the extraction role implied by its category, this profile has no process, yield or energy data, so it should be read as a mineral reference rather than an ISRU feedstock study.",
    "recipe": {
      "line": "Anorthite is a calcium aluminosilicate mineral with the formula CaAl2Si2O8. Each formula unit combines one calcium atom, two aluminium atoms, two silicon atoms and eight oxygen atoms. The weight shares below are the ideal composition printed by webmineral.",
      "parts": [
        {
          "name": "Calcium",
          "symbol": "Ca",
          "role": "The large cation that sets the calcium end of the plagioclase series. Wikipedia describes the series as a sodium and calcium mix that ends at pure calcium anorthite."
        },
        {
          "name": "Aluminium",
          "symbol": "Al",
          "role": "Part of the aluminosilicate framework. Its role as an extraction target is a concept only; no extraction source is read in this profile."
        },
        {
          "name": "Silicon",
          "symbol": "Si",
          "role": "Forms the silicate framework together with oxygen."
        },
        {
          "name": "Oxygen",
          "symbol": "O",
          "role": "The largest share by weight. Any oxygen-extraction idea depends on this share, but no extraction source is read in this profile."
        }
      ]
    },
    "risk_groups": [
      {
        "title": "For people",
        "lead": "No safety data sheet or GHS classification for anorthite was read in this run, so no hazard class can be stated.",
        "points": [
          {
            "label": "The mineral",
            "line": "The PubChem record for CID 56843091 has no Safety and Hazards section."
          },
          {
            "label": "Dust",
            "line": "No source read gives a dust exposure limit or dust control advice for anorthite."
          }
        ],
        "level": 0,
        "verdict": "No hazard data found"
      },
      {
        "title": "For equipment and samples",
        "lead": "The Handbook of Mineralogy describes brittle tenacity and perfect cleavage on {001}.",
        "points": [
          {
            "label": "Cleavage",
            "line": "Perfect on {001}, less so on {010}, imperfect on {110}, according to the Handbook of Mineralogy."
          }
        ],
        "level": 1,
        "verdict": "Brittle"
      }
    ]
  },
  "updated": "2026-11-01",
  "review": {
    "status": "draft",
    "method": "assistant",
    "checked_values": 12,
    "unreachable": 0,
    "caveats": 4,
    "note": "Written by an AI assistant on 2026-11-01 from pages fetched in this run. Seven sources were opened. verify-values passed: 12 of 12 values found in their cited sources. The melting point, uses, supply and extraction parts are thin; see gaps."
  },
  "sources": {
    "webmineral-anorthite": {
      "title": "Webmineral: Anorthite data page",
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      "title": "Wikipedia: Anorthite",
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    },
    "pubchem-anorthite": {
      "title": "PubChem compound record, Anorthite (CID 56843091)",
      "id": "CID 56843091; CAS 1302-54-1",
      "url": "https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/56843091",
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    "hom-anorthite": {
      "title": "Handbook of Mineralogy: Anorthite (Mineral Data Publishing)",
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      "year": 2001,
      "kind": "handbook"
    },
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      "title": "USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026: Aluminum",
      "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-aluminum.pdf",
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    },
    "schild2025": {
      "title": "Characterization of metal products from the molten salt electrolysis of lunar highland regolith simulants",
      "id": "doi:10.1016/j.actaastro.2025.02.021 (Acta Astronautica 232, 1-13, 2025)",
      "url": "https://researchportal.list.lu/publications/detail/characterization-of-metal-products-from-the-molten-salt-electrolysis-of-lunar-highland-regolith-simulants",
      "year": 2025,
      "kind": "paper"
    },
    "wikipedia-lunar-regolith-simulant": {
      "title": "Wikipedia: Lunar regolith simulant",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunar_regolith_simulant",
      "kind": "web"
    }
  },
  "license": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "url": "https://spacemushroom.com/profiles/anorthite/"
}