{ "spore": "profile", "id": "aluminium-8079", "spore_version": "0.2", "family": "aluminium", "name": "Aluminium 8079", "abbreviation": "AW-8079", "role": "food-contact foil and thin-sheet alloy", "category": "metals", "type": "aluminium", "summary": "AW-8079 (AlFe1Si) is a wrought aluminium alloy with 0.7 to 1.3 % iron and 0.05 to 0.3 % silicon. A supplier page prints its density as 2.72 g/cm3 in condition O foil. Another supplier page prints a tensile strength of 170 to 175 MPa and a yield strength of 155 MPa for H19 foil. One page describes the alloy as \"Aluminum for food using\". No corrosion test, space result or flight data for this alloy were found.\n", "best_for": "Food-contact foil and thin sheet, where the suppliers describe the alloy as food grade (Euralliage: 'Aluminum for food using')", "weakest_at": "Strength depends strongly on temper: 45 to 110 MPa in condition O against 170 to 175 MPa in H19 foil. No corrosion or space test data were found.", "identity": { "formula": "Al-Fe-Si wrought alloy (AlFe1Si): aluminium with 0.7 to 1.3 % iron and 0.05 to 0.3 % silicon, copper and zinc as minor elements", "cas": "7429-90-5", "designations": [ { "system": "EN name", "code": "AW-8079", "source": "mfg-o", "where": "Page title, AW-8079 O" }, { "system": "EN name", "code": "AW-AlFe1Si", "source": "eur", "where": "Header, 8079 (AW-AlFe1Si)" }, { "system": "ASTM", "code": "B479", "note": "foil product specification named on the supplier page", "source": "sam", "where": "Header table, Standard: QQA-1876, ASTM B479" } ], "source": "pubchem-al", "where": "CAS number 7429-90-5 is printed for the base metal aluminium in the PubChem record (CID 5359268). Alloy composition is from the Mfgrobots condition O chemical table." }, "tags": { "environments": [], "stresses": [], "applications": [ "thermal-control", "habitats-and-suits" ] }, "properties": [ { "benchmark": "density", "label": "Density, condition O foil", "value": 2.72, "bound": "exact", "unit": "g/cm3", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "grade": "AW-8079 O", "shape": "foil", "unit_in_source": "g/cm³" }, "method": "Value printed in the general property table of a supplier product page", "status": "ground", "source": "mfg-o", "where": "General table, row Density (condition O, shape Foil)", "source_detail": { "title": "AW-8079 O product page (Mfgrobots): general, mechanical and chemical tables", "url": "https://www.mfgrobots.com/Article/material/metal/37382.html", "kind": "web", "license": "Supplier product page (cited, not reproduced)" } }, { "benchmark": "density", "label": "Density, EN AW-8079 (range)", "value": 2.6, "value_high": 2.9, "bound": "range", "unit": "kg/dm3", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "grade": "EN AW-8079", "temper": "not printed", "unit_in_source": "kg/dm³" }, "method": "Range printed in the physical properties table of a materials-data page", "status": "ground", "source": "tm", "where": "Physical properties table, row Density", "source_detail": { "title": "EN AW-8079 (Germany / DIN) material properties (TotalMateria)", "id": "TotalMateria material 3234208", "url": "https://www.totalmateria.com/en-us/material/3234208", "kind": "database", "license": "Materials-data site (cited, not reproduced)" } }, { "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength", "label": "Tensile strength, condition O (envelope of twelve printed ranges)", "value": 45, "value_high": 110, "bound": "range", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "O", "temperature": "20.0 °C", "product_forms": "foil, sheet, forging, seamless tube (as printed)" }, "method": "Lowest lower bound and highest upper bound of the twelve ranges printed for condition O at 20.0 °C (45.0 to 110.0 MPa). The page does not say which range applies to a given product.", "status": "ground", "note": "Twelve separate ranges are printed, from 45.0 - 100.0 to 60.0 - 110.0 MPa. The page does not say which applies to a product.", "source": "mfg-o", "where": "Mechanical table, tensile strength at 20.0 °C, condition O (twelve rows)", "source_detail": { "title": "AW-8079 O product page (Mfgrobots): general, mechanical and chemical tables", "url": "https://www.mfgrobots.com/Article/material/metal/37382.html", "kind": "web", "license": "Supplier product page (cited, not reproduced)" } }, { "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength", "label": "Tensile strength, H19 foil", "value": 170, "value_high": 175, "bound": "range", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "H19", "shape": "foil", "thickness": "not stated in the row" }, "method": "Range printed in the mechanical table of a supplier product page", "status": "ground", "source": "mfg-h19", "where": "Mechanical table, tensile strength, temper H19, shape Foil", "source_detail": { "title": "AW-8079 H19 product page (Mfgrobots): foil properties", "url": "https://www.mfgrobots.com/Article/material/metal/41447.html", "kind": "web", "license": "Supplier product page (cited, not reproduced)" } }, { "benchmark": "yield_strength", "label": "Yield strength, H19 foil (printed as RP02)", "value": 155, "bound": "exact", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "H19", "shape": "foil", "label_as_printed": "RP02" }, "method": "Value printed in the mechanical table of a supplier product page, with the label printed as RP02 (read as the 0.2 % proof strength)", "status": "ground", "source": "mfg-h19", "where": "Mechanical table, yield strength row, temper H19, shape Foil", "source_detail": { "title": "AW-8079 H19 product page (Mfgrobots): foil properties", "url": "https://www.mfgrobots.com/Article/material/metal/41447.html", "kind": "web", "license": "Supplier product page (cited, not reproduced)" } }, { "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength", "label": "Tensile strength, EN AW-8079 (temper not printed)", "value": 45, "value_high": 135, "bound": "range", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "not printed", "temperature": "0 - 30 °C" }, "method": "Range printed in the mechanical properties table of a materials-data page for the EN AW-8079 entry", "status": "ground", "note": "The page does not name the temper for this row. Treat it as a range for the grade, not for one temper.", "source": "tm", "where": "Mechanical properties table, row Tensile Strength", "source_detail": { "title": "EN AW-8079 (Germany / DIN) material properties (TotalMateria)", "id": "TotalMateria material 3234208", "url": "https://www.totalmateria.com/en-us/material/3234208", "kind": "database", "license": "Materials-data site (cited, not reproduced)" } }, { "benchmark": "yield_strength", "label": "Yield strength Rp0.2, EN AW-8079 (temper not printed)", "value": 60, "value_high": 65, "bound": "range", "unit": "MPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "not printed", "temperature": "0 - 30 °C" }, "method": "Range printed in the mechanical properties table of a materials-data page for the EN AW-8079 entry", "status": "ground", "note": "The page does not name the temper for this row, and the tensile and yield rows are not labelled with a product form.", "source": "tm", "where": "Mechanical properties table, row Yield Strength, Rp0.2", "source_detail": { "title": "EN AW-8079 (Germany / DIN) material properties (TotalMateria)", "id": "TotalMateria material 3234208", "url": "https://www.totalmateria.com/en-us/material/3234208", "kind": "database", "license": "Materials-data site (cited, not reproduced)" } }, { "benchmark": "elongation", "label": "Elongation A, EN AW-8079 (temper not printed)", "value": 1, "bound": "lower", "unit": "%", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temper": "not printed", "temperature": "0 - 30 °C" }, "method": "Lower limit printed in the mechanical properties table of a materials-data page for the EN AW-8079 entry", "status": "ground", "source": "tm", "where": "Mechanical properties table, row Elongation, A (printed as greater than or equal to 1 %)", "source_detail": { "title": "EN AW-8079 (Germany / DIN) material properties (TotalMateria)", "id": "TotalMateria material 3234208", "url": "https://www.totalmateria.com/en-us/material/3234208", "kind": "database", "license": "Materials-data site (cited, not reproduced)" } }, { "benchmark": "elastic_modulus", "label": "Modulus of elasticity, EN AW-8079 (range)", "value": 69, "value_high": 79, "bound": "range", "unit": "GPa", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "temperature": "0 - 30 °C", "temper": "not printed" }, "method": "Range printed in the physical properties table of a materials-data page for the EN AW-8079 entry", "status": "ground", "source": "tm", "where": "Physical properties table, row Modulus of Elasticity", "source_detail": { "title": "EN AW-8079 (Germany / DIN) material properties (TotalMateria)", "id": "TotalMateria material 3234208", "url": "https://www.totalmateria.com/en-us/material/3234208", "kind": "database", "license": "Materials-data site (cited, not reproduced)" } }, { "benchmark": "iron_content", "label": "Iron content (nominal chemical composition)", "value": 0.7, "value_high": 1.3, "bound": "range", "unit": "%", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "basis": "nominal composition for AW-8079 in condition O, as printed" }, "method": "Range printed in the chemical composition table of a supplier product page", "status": "ground", "source": "mfg-o", "where": "Chemical properties table, row Iron, condition O", "source_detail": { "title": "AW-8079 O product page (Mfgrobots): general, mechanical and chemical tables", "url": "https://www.mfgrobots.com/Article/material/metal/37382.html", "kind": "web", "license": "Supplier product page (cited, not reproduced)" } }, { "benchmark": "silicon_content", "label": "Silicon content (nominal chemical composition)", "value": 0.05, "value_high": 0.3, "bound": "range", "unit": "%", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "basis": "nominal composition for AW-8079 in condition O, as printed" }, "method": "Range printed in the chemical composition table of a supplier product page", "status": "ground", "source": "mfg-o", "where": "Chemical properties table, row Silicon, condition O", "source_detail": { "title": "AW-8079 O product page (Mfgrobots): general, mechanical and chemical tables", "url": "https://www.mfgrobots.com/Article/material/metal/37382.html", "kind": "web", "license": "Supplier product page (cited, not reproduced)" } }, { "benchmark": "copper_content", "label": "Copper content (nominal chemical composition)", "value": 0.05, "bound": "exact", "unit": "%", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "basis": "single value printed for AW-8079 in condition O" }, "method": "Value printed in the chemical composition table of a supplier product page", "status": "ground", "source": "mfg-o", "where": "Chemical properties table, row Copper, condition O", "source_detail": { "title": "AW-8079 O product page (Mfgrobots): general, mechanical and chemical tables", "url": "https://www.mfgrobots.com/Article/material/metal/37382.html", "kind": "web", "license": "Supplier product page (cited, not reproduced)" } }, { "benchmark": "zinc_content", "label": "Zinc content (nominal chemical composition)", "value": 0.1, "bound": "exact", "unit": "%", "scope": "material", "conditions": { "basis": "single value printed for AW-8079 in condition O" }, "method": "Value printed in the chemical composition table of a supplier product page", "status": "ground", "source": "mfg-o", "where": "Chemical properties table, row Zinc, condition O", "source_detail": { "title": "AW-8079 O product page (Mfgrobots): general, mechanical and chemical tables", "url": "https://www.mfgrobots.com/Article/material/metal/37382.html", "kind": "web", "license": "Supplier product page (cited, not reproduced)" } } ], "corrosion": [ { "environment": "Air at ambient temperature (general statement about aluminium, not a test of alloy 8079)", "headline": "No corrosion test for AW-8079 was found. The only statement read is the general one about aluminium's oxide film.", "effect": "Wikipedia says aluminium forms a protective layer of oxide on the surface when exposed to air. The sources read give no corrosion rate, pitting data or environmental test for alloy 8079.", "rating": "unknown", "conditions": { "basis": "general statement about aluminium metal, not a test of this alloy" }, "source": "wikipedia-aluminium", "where": "Article text on the oxide layer (general description of the element)" } ], "risks": { "hazards": [ { "text": "PubChem lists H250 'Catches fire spontaneously if exposed to air' for uncoated aluminium powder and H228 'Flammable solid' for coated powder. These codes apply to powder, not to the rolled foil or sheet this profile covers.", "ghs": [ "H250", "H228" ], "source": "pubchem-al", "where": "GHS Hazard Statements entries in the PubChem record for aluminium (CID 5359268)" } ], "failure_risks": [], "side_effects": [], "handling": [ { "text": "No storage or handling rule for alloy 8079 foil was found in the sources read. The Euralliage page describes the alloy as 'Aluminum for food using' and gives no handling advice.", "source": "eur", "where": "Product description and shapes section" } ], "mitigations": [] }, "uses": [ { "application": "thermal-control", "device": "Thin sheet for heat exchangers", "example": "Euralliage lists thin sheets, including thin sheets for heat exchangers, among the shapes made from this alloy.", "source": "eur", "where": "Shapes section" }, { "application": "habitats-and-suits", "device": "Food-contact and pharmaceutical foil", "example": "Stanford Advanced Materials lists packaging foil in tempers O, H22 and H24, and pharmaceutical foil in H14 and H18. The tag is the nearest one in the site list; this is a terrestrial packaging use, not a space application.", "source": "sam", "where": "Specification table, rows Packaging foil and Pharmaceutical Foil" } ], "supply": [ { "subject": "Aluminium (primary smelter production, 2025e)", "producers": [ { "country": "China", "share_percent": 60.8, "year": 2025 }, { "country": "India", "share_percent": 5.7, "year": 2025 }, { "country": "Russia", "share_percent": 5.3, "year": 2025 }, { "country": "Canada", "share_percent": 4.5, "year": 2025 }, { "country": "United Arab Emirates", "share_percent": 3.6, "year": 2025 } ], "critical_lists": [ { "list": "USGS 2025 List of Critical Minerals (Aluminum, used in almost all sectors of the economy)", "listed": true }, { "list": "EU critical raw materials list (listed as Bauxite; the page says aluminium and bauxite have been merged)", "listed": true } ], "recycling": "USGS: in 2025 aluminum recovered from purchased scrap in the United States was about 3.6 million tons, of which about 56% came from new scrap (manufacturing) and 44% from old scrap.", "substitutes": [ "USGS: Glass, paper, plastics, and steel can substitute for aluminum in packaging.", "USGS: Copper can replace aluminum in electrical and heat-exchange applications." ], "source": "usgs-mcs2026-aluminum", "where": "World Smelter Production and Capacity table, smelter production 2025e (world total 74,000 thousand t; shares calculated by Space Mushroom from China 45,000, India 4,200, Russia 3,900, Canada 3,300 and United Arab Emirates 2,700); Recycling; Substitutes. Critical lists: USGS final 2025 list and European Commission page (see sources)." } ], "media": [], "documents": [ { "title": "Mfgrobots product page: AW-8079 O (EN 573-3 table and properties)", "type": "database", "url": "https://www.mfgrobots.com/Article/material/metal/37382.html", "year": 2026 }, { "title": "Mfgrobots product page: AW-8079 H19 foil", "type": "database", "url": "https://www.mfgrobots.com/Article/material/metal/41447.html", "year": 2026 }, { "title": "TotalMateria: EN AW-8079 (Germany / DIN) material properties", "type": "database", "url": "https://www.totalmateria.com/en-us/material/3234208" }, { "title": "Euralliage: 8079 (AW-AlFe1Si) alloy page", "type": "datasheet", "url": "https://www.euralliage.com/8079_english.htm" }, { "title": "Stanford Advanced Materials: Aluminum Alloy 8079 Foil, product AL1470", "type": "datasheet", "url": "https://samaterials.com/aluminium/1470-aluminum-alloy-8079-foil.html" }, { "title": "USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026: Aluminum", "type": "report", "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-aluminum.pdf", "year": 2026 }, { "title": "PubChem: Aluminum (CID 5359268), GHS and CAS sections (JSON record)", "type": "database", "url": "https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/rest/pug_view/data/compound/5359268/JSON", "year": 2026 } ], "gaps": [ "No elongation value for condition O or H19 foil was found. The only elongation row is a lower limit of 1 % from TotalMateria, with no temper printed.", "Mfgrobots prints melting range, thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity and modulus as typical values for wrought 8000 series aluminium. These describe the family, not AW-8079, so they are left out.", "Euralliage prints no mechanical or physical characteristic for this alloy and says it is produced in limited quantity for fields not covered by the European standard. This conflicts with the Mfgrobots and TotalMateria pages, which print values and cite EN 573-3, and the conflict is not resolved here.", "The EN 573-3 or EN 546 standard text was not opened, so the composition limits are the printed ranges from supplier pages and not the standard itself.", "No failure risk (hot strength, fatigue, pinholes, delamination) for alloy 8079 was found in the sources read.", "No corrosion test for alloy 8079 was found. The corrosion entry only records a general statement about aluminium's oxide layer.", "Crustal abundance of aluminium was not looked up in a readable source for this profile.", "No space, vacuum, outgassing, radiation or flight result for alloy 8079 was found.", "The PubChem hazard codes are for aluminium powder. No hazard classification for 8079 foil was found.", "Only one food-contact use and one heat-exchanger use were found. No space application source was found, and the food-packaging use is filed under the nearest tag in the site list.", "TotalMateria lists 15 of 52 cross-references (including AFNOR, BDS, CSN and MSZ entries). These were not opened, so no national designation is recorded other than those listed in identity.", "The USGS 2025 critical-minerals list was read through its web page. The page text could not be extracted for a raw check, so the list entry rests on that page summary." ], "story": { "why": "AW-8079 (AlFe1Si) is a wrought aluminium alloy with iron and silicon as its main additions, at 0.7 to 1.3 % iron and 0.05 to 0.3 % silicon. Suppliers offer it mainly as foil and thin sheet, and describe it as food grade. Its strength depends strongly on temper. Condition O is printed with tensile ranges that together run from 45 to 110 MPa, and H19 foil is printed at 170 to 175 MPa tensile with a yield strength of 155 MPa. The profile records those printed numbers as supplier data.", "uses": [ { "where": "Thin sheet for heat exchangers", "line": "Euralliage lists thin sheets, including thin sheets for heat exchangers, among the shapes made from this alloy." }, { "where": "Food-contact and pharmaceutical foil", "line": "Stanford Advanced Materials lists packaging foil in tempers O, H22 and H24, and pharmaceutical foil in H14 and H18. This is a terrestrial use, not a space application." } ], "can_do": [ { "label": "Density", "line": "The density of condition O foil is 2.72 g/cm3 as printed by Mfgrobots. TotalMateria prints 2.6 to 2.9 kg/dm3 for the grade.", "benchmark": "density", "scope": "material", "value": "2.72 g/cm3" }, { "label": "Strength in H19 foil", "line": "H19 foil is printed with a tensile strength of 170 to 175 MPa and a yield strength of 155 MPa (labelled RP02).", "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength", "scope": "material", "value": "170 to 175 MPa" }, { "label": "Strength in condition O", "line": "In condition O the twelve printed tensile ranges run from 45 to 110 MPa at 20 °C. The page does not say which range fits a given product.", "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength", "scope": "material", "value": "45 to 110 MPa" }, { "label": "Stiffness", "line": "TotalMateria prints a modulus of elasticity of 69 to 79 GPa for the grade over 0 to 30 °C, with the temper not stated.", "benchmark": "elastic_modulus", "scope": "material", "value": "69 to 79 GPa" } ], "compare": "Within this profile set, AW-8079 is an iron-silicon foil alloy rather than a structural alloy. Its strength depends strongly on temper: condition O is printed at 45 to 110 MPa tensile, and H19 foil at 170 to 175 MPa. The sources do not agree on whether the alloy has a full standard. Mfgrobots and TotalMateria cite EN 573-3 and print values, while Euralliage says no mechanical or physical characteristic is specified for it. No like-for-like comparison with other aluminium grades was possible from these sources.", "compare_rows": [ { "label": "Density", "benchmark": "density", "scope": "material" }, { "label": "Tensile strength", "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength", "scope": "material" }, { "label": "Yield strength", "benchmark": "yield_strength", "scope": "material" } ], "handling": [ "No storage or handling rule for alloy 8079 was found in the sources read.", "State the temper when ordering, because the printed strength ranges differ between condition O and H19 foil.", "The Euralliage page calls the alloy food grade; no food-contact test result was found." ], "good_for": [ "Food-contact foil: suppliers describe the alloy as food grade.", "Thin sheet for heat exchangers, per the Euralliage shapes list." ], "watch_out": [ "Strength varies strongly with temper, from 45 to 110 MPa in condition O to 170 to 175 MPa in H19 foil.", "No corrosion, space or flight test was found for this alloy.", "The sources disagree on whether a full EN standard covers the alloy." ], "verdict": "AW-8079 is an iron-silicon aluminium alloy sold mainly as food-contact foil and thin sheet. Suppliers print a density of 2.72 g/cm3 and temper-dependent strengths. The sources contain no corrosion, space or flight data for the alloy.", "recipe": { "line": "AW-8079 (AlFe1Si) is a wrought aluminium alloy. It is mostly aluminium, with iron and silicon as the main additions, and copper and zinc as small minor elements. The composition figures are nominal values printed on the supplier pages, not measured values.", "parts": [ { "name": "Aluminium", "symbol": "Al", "role": "The base metal. It sets the density and the conductivity of the alloy." }, { "name": "Iron", "symbol": "Fe", "role": "The main addition. It gives the alloy its strength in the annealed and cold-worked tempers." }, { "name": "Silicon", "symbol": "Si", "role": "A minor addition that works with iron to form the AlFe1Si composition." }, { "name": "Copper", "symbol": "Cu", "role": "A trace element, printed as a single value." }, { "name": "Zinc", "symbol": "Zn", "role": "A trace element, printed as a single value." } ] }, "risk_groups": [ { "title": "For people", "lead": "The hazard codes found are for aluminium powder. No hazard classification for the rolled alloy was found.", "points": [ { "label": "Powder", "line": "PubChem lists H250 (catches fire spontaneously if exposed to air) for uncoated aluminium powder and H228 (flammable solid) for coated powder." }, { "label": "Foil", "line": "The sources read give no hazard classification for AW-8079 foil." } ], "level": 0, "verdict": "Powder is flammable; foil not classified" }, { "title": "Food contact", "lead": "Suppliers describe the alloy as food grade, but the sources do not include a food-contact test.", "points": [ { "label": "Supplier wording", "line": "Euralliage describes the alloy as 'Aluminum for food using'. Mfgrobots calls it food safe." }, { "label": "Limits", "line": "No migration or food-contact test result was found for this alloy." } ], "level": 1, "verdict": "Described as food grade by suppliers" }, { "title": "Handling and storage", "points": [ { "label": "Storage", "line": "No storage or handling rule for alloy 8079 was found in the sources read." } ] } ] }, "updated": "2026-11-01", "review": { "status": "draft", "method": "assistant", "checked_values": 13, "unreachable": 0, "caveats": 4, "note": "Read by an AI assistant on 2026-11-01 from the supplier, materials-data and USGS pages named above. Composition ranges, tensile and yield values are from supplier pages that do not name an EN 573-3 table or a temper for every row. The O-condition tensile range is an envelope of twelve printed ranges. Euralliage prints no mechanical values for this alloy." }, "sources": { "mfg-o": { "title": "AW-8079 O product page (Mfgrobots): general, mechanical and chemical tables", "url": "https://www.mfgrobots.com/Article/material/metal/37382.html", "kind": "web", "license": "Supplier product page (cited, not reproduced)" }, "mfg-h19": { "title": "AW-8079 H19 product page (Mfgrobots): foil properties", "url": "https://www.mfgrobots.com/Article/material/metal/41447.html", "kind": "web", "license": "Supplier product page (cited, not reproduced)" }, "tm": { "title": "EN AW-8079 (Germany / DIN) material properties (TotalMateria)", "id": "TotalMateria material 3234208", "url": "https://www.totalmateria.com/en-us/material/3234208", "kind": "database", "license": "Materials-data site (cited, not reproduced)" }, "eur": { "title": "8079 (AW-AlFe1Si) alloy page (Euralliage): composition and shapes", "url": "https://www.euralliage.com/8079_english.htm", "kind": "datasheet", "license": "Supplier page (cited, not reproduced)" }, "sam": { "title": "Aluminum Alloy 8079 Foil, catalog AL1470 (Stanford Advanced Materials)", "id": "AL1470; QQA-1876, ASTM B479 as printed", "url": "https://samaterials.com/aluminium/1470-aluminum-alloy-8079-foil.html", "kind": "datasheet", "license": "Supplier product page (cited, not reproduced)" }, "usgs-mcs2026-aluminum": { "title": "Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026: Aluminum (USGS)", "id": "USGS MCS 2026, February 2026", "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-aluminum.pdf", "year": 2026, "kind": "report", "license": "public domain (USGS)" }, "usgs-crit2025": { "title": "About the 2025 List of Critical Minerals (USGS, final list)", "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/programs/mineral-resources-program/science/about-2025-list-critical-minerals", "year": 2025, "kind": "web", "license": "public domain (USGS)" }, "ec-crm": { "title": "Critical raw materials (European Commission)", "id": "Regulation (EU) 2024/1252", "url": "https://single-market-economy.ec.europa.eu/sectors/raw-materials/areas-specific-interest/critical-raw-materials_en", "year": 2024, "kind": "web", "license": "European Commission web page" }, "pubchem-al": { "title": "PubChem compound record: Aluminum (CID 5359268), CAS and GHS sections", "id": "CID 5359268; CAS 7429-90-5", "url": "https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/rest/pug_view/data/compound/5359268/JSON", "year": 2026, "kind": "database", "license": "public domain (NCBI); GHS data attributed to ECHA C&L Inventory" }, "wikipedia-aluminium": { "title": "Aluminium (Wikipedia), general description of the element", "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluminium", "year": 2026, "kind": "web", "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0 (cited, not reproduced)" } }, "license": "CC-BY-4.0", "url": "https://spacemushroom.com/profiles/aluminium-8079/" }