{
  "spore": "profile",
  "id": "aluminium-7050",
  "spore_version": "0.2",
  "family": "aluminium-alloys",
  "name": "Aluminium alloy 7050",
  "abbreviation": "AA7050",
  "role": "aerospace structural alloy",
  "category": "metals",
  "type": "aluminium",
  "summary": "AA7050 (UNS A97050, EN AW-7050) is a zinc-copper-magnesium-zirconium aluminium alloy sold as thick plate and as closed-die forgings for aerospace structure. A manufacturer datasheet gives, for forged stock in the over-aged T74 condition at 100 to 125 mm, a yield strength above 414 MPa and a tensile strength above 483 MPa. The same datasheet gives a thermal conductivity of 154 W/(m·K) at 20 °C in the T76 condition, and a distributor plate page gives a density of 2.83 g/cm3. Its weak point is the weld zone: in a 2003 study, friction-stir welds of 7050-T7451 cracked more readily in a corrosive solution than welds of 7075-T651.\n",
  "best_for": "Thick, high-strength aerospace structure in the over-aged T74 or T7451 conditions, where high yield strength and good exfoliation resistance are needed",
  "weakest_at": "Weld zones: friction-stir welds of 7050-T7451 showed less cracking resistance than 7075-T651 welds in constant extension rate tests (2003 study)",
  "identity": {
    "formula": "Al-Zn-Cu-Mg-Zr alloy, typical composition zinc 6.20, copper 2.30, magnesium 2.30 and zirconium 0.12 weight percent, aluminium the balance (Aubert and Duval)",
    "designations": [
      {
        "system": "UNS",
        "code": "A97050",
        "source": "aubertduval-7050",
        "where": "Specifications box, UNS line"
      },
      {
        "system": "EN",
        "code": "3.4144",
        "source": "aubertduval-7050",
        "where": "Specifications box, WL line"
      },
      {
        "system": "EN name",
        "code": "EN AW-7050",
        "source": "aubertduval-7050",
        "where": "Specifications box, European Standards line"
      },
      {
        "system": "EN name",
        "code": "AlZn6CuMgZr",
        "source": "referansmetal-7050",
        "where": "Product heading, AMS 4050 / AlZn6CuMgZr / 7050 / T7451"
      },
      {
        "system": "AMS",
        "code": "4050",
        "note": "plate, T7451",
        "source": "alro-7050",
        "where": "Specifications list, AMS 4050"
      }
    ],
    "source": "aubertduval-7050",
    "where": "Composition box, typical values, Aubert and Duval 7050 datasheet"
  },
  "tags": {
    "environments": [],
    "stresses": [],
    "applications": [
      "structures"
    ]
  },
  "properties": [
    {
      "benchmark": "density",
      "label": "Density, AMS 4050 plate (7050-T7451)",
      "value": 2.83,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "g/cm3",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "AMS 4050 / AlZn6CuMgZr / 7050 / T7451 (page heading)",
        "temperature": "not stated",
        "unit_in_source": "2.83 g/cm³"
      },
      "method": "Value in a physical properties table of a distributor data page, with no test conditions stated",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "referansmetal-7050",
      "where": "Physical Properties table, row Density",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Referansmetal data page, AMS 4050 / AlZn6CuMgZr / 7050 / T7451 plate",
        "url": "https://www.referansmetal.com/alasimli-aluminyum/product/58/uzay-havacilik-savunma/levha-plaka/ams-4050-alzn6cumgzr-7050-t7451?lang=en",
        "kind": "web",
        "license": "Distributor web page (cited, not reproduced)"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "melting_point",
      "label": "Melting point, AMS 4050 plate (7050-T7451)",
      "value": 490,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "°C",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "AMS 4050 / AlZn6CuMgZr / 7050 / T7451 (page heading)",
        "unit_in_source": "490 °C"
      },
      "method": "Value in a physical properties table of a distributor data page",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "referansmetal-7050",
      "where": "Physical Properties table, row Melting Point",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Referansmetal data page, AMS 4050 / AlZn6CuMgZr / 7050 / T7451 plate",
        "url": "https://www.referansmetal.com/alasimli-aluminyum/product/58/uzay-havacilik-savunma/levha-plaka/ams-4050-alzn6cumgzr-7050-t7451?lang=en",
        "kind": "web",
        "license": "Distributor web page (cited, not reproduced)"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "elastic_modulus",
      "label": "Modulus of elasticity at 20 °C, forged 7050 (typical)",
      "value": 71.5,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "GPa",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "temperature": "20 °C",
        "form": "forged product (datasheet covers closed-die forgings and large forged bars)",
        "unit_in_source": "71.5 x 10^3 N/mm2"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed in a manufacturer datasheet, which states the values are typical or average rather than guaranteed",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "aubertduval-7050",
      "where": "Physical properties, Modulus of elasticity in N/mm2 at 20°C",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Aubert and Duval, Aluminium alloy 7050 (Al Zn6CuMgZr), product datasheet",
        "id": "UNS A97050; EN AW-7050 (Al Zn6CuMgZr); WL 3.4144",
        "url": "https://aubertduval.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/7050_GB.pdf",
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "Manufacturer datasheet, typical values (cited, not reproduced)"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "elastic_modulus",
      "label": "Modulus of elasticity, AMS 4050 plate (7050-T7451)",
      "value": 71.7,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "GPa",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "AMS 4050 / AlZn6CuMgZr / 7050 / T7451 (page heading)",
        "temperature": "not stated",
        "unit_in_source": "71.7 GPa"
      },
      "method": "Value in a physical properties table of a distributor data page, with no test conditions stated",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "referansmetal-7050",
      "where": "Physical Properties table, row Modulus of Elasticity",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Referansmetal data page, AMS 4050 / AlZn6CuMgZr / 7050 / T7451 plate",
        "url": "https://www.referansmetal.com/alasimli-aluminyum/product/58/uzay-havacilik-savunma/levha-plaka/ams-4050-alzn6cumgzr-7050-t7451?lang=en",
        "kind": "web",
        "license": "Distributor web page (cited, not reproduced)"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "cte",
      "label": "Mean coefficient of expansion, 20 to 100 °C, forged 7050 (typical)",
      "value": 23.5,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "ppm/K",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "temperature": "20 to 100 °C (mean)",
        "form": "forged product",
        "unit_in_source": "23.5 x 10-6 m/m.°C"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed in a manufacturer datasheet",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "aubertduval-7050",
      "where": "Physical properties, Mean coefficient of expansion in m/m.°C, between 20°C and 100°C",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Aubert and Duval, Aluminium alloy 7050 (Al Zn6CuMgZr), product datasheet",
        "id": "UNS A97050; EN AW-7050 (Al Zn6CuMgZr); WL 3.4144",
        "url": "https://aubertduval.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/7050_GB.pdf",
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "Manufacturer datasheet, typical values (cited, not reproduced)"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "cte",
      "label": "Thermal expansion, AMS 4050 plate (7050-T7451)",
      "value": 22.1,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "µm/m.°C",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "AMS 4050 / AlZn6CuMgZr / 7050 / T7451 (page heading)",
        "temperature": "not stated",
        "unit_in_source": "22.1 µm/m.°C"
      },
      "method": "Value in a physical properties table of a distributor data page, with no test conditions stated",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "referansmetal-7050",
      "where": "Physical Properties table, row Thermal Expansion",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Referansmetal data page, AMS 4050 / AlZn6CuMgZr / 7050 / T7451 plate",
        "url": "https://www.referansmetal.com/alasimli-aluminyum/product/58/uzay-havacilik-savunma/levha-plaka/ams-4050-alzn6cumgzr-7050-t7451?lang=en",
        "kind": "web",
        "license": "Distributor web page (cited, not reproduced)"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "thermal_conductivity",
      "label": "Thermal conductivity at 20 °C, forged 7050 in T76 condition (typical)",
      "value": 154,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "W/(m·K)",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "temper": "T76",
        "temperature": "20 °C",
        "form": "forged product",
        "unit_in_source": "W.m/m2.°C"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed in a manufacturer datasheet",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "aubertduval-7050",
      "where": "Physical properties, Thermal conductivity at 20°C (T76 conditions)",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Aubert and Duval, Aluminium alloy 7050 (Al Zn6CuMgZr), product datasheet",
        "id": "UNS A97050; EN AW-7050 (Al Zn6CuMgZr); WL 3.4144",
        "url": "https://aubertduval.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/7050_GB.pdf",
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "Manufacturer datasheet, typical values (cited, not reproduced)"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "thermal_conductivity",
      "label": "Thermal conductivity, AMS 4050 plate (7050-T7451)",
      "value": 157,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "W/(m·K)",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "AMS 4050 / AlZn6CuMgZr / 7050 / T7451 (page heading)",
        "temperature": "not stated",
        "unit_in_source": "157 W/m-K"
      },
      "method": "Value in a physical properties table of a distributor data page, with no test conditions stated",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "referansmetal-7050",
      "where": "Physical Properties table, row Thermal Conductivity",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Referansmetal data page, AMS 4050 / AlZn6CuMgZr / 7050 / T7451 plate",
        "url": "https://www.referansmetal.com/alasimli-aluminyum/product/58/uzay-havacilik-savunma/levha-plaka/ams-4050-alzn6cumgzr-7050-t7451?lang=en",
        "kind": "web",
        "license": "Distributor web page (cited, not reproduced)"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "specific_heat",
      "label": "Mean specific heat, 0 to 100 °C, forged 7050 (typical)",
      "value": 0.86,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "J/g°C",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "temperature": "0 to 100 °C (mean)",
        "form": "forged product",
        "unit_in_source": "J/g°C"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed in a manufacturer datasheet",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "aubertduval-7050",
      "where": "Physical properties, Mean specific heat in J/g°C, between 0°C and 100°C",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Aubert and Duval, Aluminium alloy 7050 (Al Zn6CuMgZr), product datasheet",
        "id": "UNS A97050; EN AW-7050 (Al Zn6CuMgZr); WL 3.4144",
        "url": "https://aubertduval.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/7050_GB.pdf",
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "Manufacturer datasheet, typical values (cited, not reproduced)"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "electrical_conductivity",
      "label": "Electrical conductivity at 20 °C, forged 7050 in T76 condition",
      "value": 23,
      "bound": "lower",
      "unit": "MS/m",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "temper": "T76",
        "temperature": "20 °C",
        "form": "forged product",
        "unit_in_source": ">23 x 10^6 S/m"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed in a manufacturer datasheet, given as a lower bound",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "aubertduval-7050",
      "where": "Physical properties, Electrical conductivity in S/m at 20°C (T76 condition)",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Aubert and Duval, Aluminium alloy 7050 (Al Zn6CuMgZr), product datasheet",
        "id": "UNS A97050; EN AW-7050 (Al Zn6CuMgZr); WL 3.4144",
        "url": "https://aubertduval.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/7050_GB.pdf",
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "Manufacturer datasheet, typical values (cited, not reproduced)"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "yield_strength",
      "label": "Yield strength Rp0.2, forged 7050 in T74, 100 to 125 mm, longitudinal",
      "value": 414,
      "bound": "lower",
      "unit": "MPa",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "temper": "T74 (over-aged)",
        "form": "closed-die forging",
        "thickness": "100/125 mm",
        "direction": "longitudinal",
        "temperature": "ambient",
        "unit_in_source": ">414 N/mm2"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed in a manufacturer datasheet, given as a lower bound, not a guaranteed minimum",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "aubertduval-7050",
      "where": "Typical mechanical properties, closed-die forged T74 condition, 0.2 % yield strength",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Aubert and Duval, Aluminium alloy 7050 (Al Zn6CuMgZr), product datasheet",
        "id": "UNS A97050; EN AW-7050 (Al Zn6CuMgZr); WL 3.4144",
        "url": "https://aubertduval.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/7050_GB.pdf",
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "Manufacturer datasheet, typical values (cited, not reproduced)"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength",
      "label": "Tensile strength, forged 7050 in T74, 100 to 125 mm, longitudinal",
      "value": 483,
      "bound": "lower",
      "unit": "MPa",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "temper": "T74 (over-aged)",
        "form": "closed-die forging",
        "thickness": "100/125 mm",
        "direction": "longitudinal",
        "temperature": "ambient",
        "unit_in_source": ">483 N/mm2"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed in a manufacturer datasheet, given as a lower bound, not a guaranteed minimum",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "aubertduval-7050",
      "where": "Typical mechanical properties, closed-die forged T74 condition, UTS",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Aubert and Duval, Aluminium alloy 7050 (Al Zn6CuMgZr), product datasheet",
        "id": "UNS A97050; EN AW-7050 (Al Zn6CuMgZr); WL 3.4144",
        "url": "https://aubertduval.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/7050_GB.pdf",
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "Manufacturer datasheet, typical values (cited, not reproduced)"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "elongation",
      "label": "Elongation (5d), forged 7050 in T74, 100 to 125 mm, longitudinal",
      "value": 7,
      "bound": "lower",
      "unit": "%",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "temper": "T74 (over-aged)",
        "form": "closed-die forging",
        "thickness": "100/125 mm",
        "direction": "longitudinal",
        "gauge_length": "5d",
        "unit_in_source": ">7 %"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed in a manufacturer datasheet, given as a lower bound",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "aubertduval-7050",
      "where": "Typical mechanical properties, closed-die forged T74 condition, Elongation (5d)",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Aubert and Duval, Aluminium alloy 7050 (Al Zn6CuMgZr), product datasheet",
        "id": "UNS A97050; EN AW-7050 (Al Zn6CuMgZr); WL 3.4144",
        "url": "https://aubertduval.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/7050_GB.pdf",
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "Manufacturer datasheet, typical values (cited, not reproduced)"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "yield_strength",
      "label": "Yield strength Rp0.2, forged 7050 in T7452, 150 to 175 mm, longitudinal",
      "value": 400,
      "bound": "lower",
      "unit": "MPa",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "temper": "T7452 (stress relieved, over-aged)",
        "form": "forged product",
        "thickness": "150/175 mm",
        "direction": "longitudinal",
        "temperature": "ambient",
        "unit_in_source": ">400 N/mm2"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed in a manufacturer datasheet, given as a lower bound, not a guaranteed minimum",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "aubertduval-7050",
      "where": "Typical mechanical properties, forged T7452 condition, 0.2 % yield strength",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Aubert and Duval, Aluminium alloy 7050 (Al Zn6CuMgZr), product datasheet",
        "id": "UNS A97050; EN AW-7050 (Al Zn6CuMgZr); WL 3.4144",
        "url": "https://aubertduval.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/7050_GB.pdf",
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "Manufacturer datasheet, typical values (cited, not reproduced)"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength",
      "label": "Tensile strength, forged 7050 in T7452, 150 to 175 mm, longitudinal",
      "value": 469,
      "bound": "lower",
      "unit": "MPa",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "temper": "T7452 (stress relieved, over-aged)",
        "form": "forged product",
        "thickness": "150/175 mm",
        "direction": "longitudinal",
        "temperature": "ambient",
        "unit_in_source": ">469 N/mm2"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed in a manufacturer datasheet, given as a lower bound, not a guaranteed minimum",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "aubertduval-7050",
      "where": "Typical mechanical properties, forged T7452 condition, UTS",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Aubert and Duval, Aluminium alloy 7050 (Al Zn6CuMgZr), product datasheet",
        "id": "UNS A97050; EN AW-7050 (Al Zn6CuMgZr); WL 3.4144",
        "url": "https://aubertduval.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/7050_GB.pdf",
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "Manufacturer datasheet, typical values (cited, not reproduced)"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "elongation",
      "label": "Elongation (5d), forged 7050 in T7452, 150 to 175 mm, longitudinal",
      "value": 9,
      "bound": "lower",
      "unit": "%",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "temper": "T7452 (stress relieved, over-aged)",
        "form": "forged product",
        "thickness": "150/175 mm",
        "direction": "longitudinal",
        "gauge_length": "5d",
        "unit_in_source": ">9 %"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed in a manufacturer datasheet, given as a lower bound",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "aubertduval-7050",
      "where": "Typical mechanical properties, forged T7452 condition, Elongation (5d)",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Aubert and Duval, Aluminium alloy 7050 (Al Zn6CuMgZr), product datasheet",
        "id": "UNS A97050; EN AW-7050 (Al Zn6CuMgZr); WL 3.4144",
        "url": "https://aubertduval.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/7050_GB.pdf",
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "Manufacturer datasheet, typical values (cited, not reproduced)"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "fracture_toughness_k1c",
      "label": "Fracture toughness K1c, forged 7050 in T74, L-T direction",
      "value": 27.5,
      "bound": "lower",
      "unit": "MPam",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "temper": "T74 (over-aged)",
        "form": "closed-die forging",
        "direction": "L-T",
        "unit_in_source": ">27.5 MPam"
      },
      "method": "Typical value printed in a manufacturer datasheet, given as a lower bound. Custom property name, not in property-canon",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "aubertduval-7050",
      "where": "Typical mechanical properties, closed-die forged T74 condition, K1c (L-T direction)",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Aubert and Duval, Aluminium alloy 7050 (Al Zn6CuMgZr), product datasheet",
        "id": "UNS A97050; EN AW-7050 (Al Zn6CuMgZr); WL 3.4144",
        "url": "https://aubertduval.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/7050_GB.pdf",
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "Manufacturer datasheet, typical values (cited, not reproduced)"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "yield_strength",
      "label": "Yield strength, plate 7050-T7451, 1.000 to 2.000 in, minimum",
      "value": 64,
      "bound": "lower",
      "unit": "ksi",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "temper": "T7451",
        "form": "plate",
        "thickness": "1.000 to 2.000 in",
        "direction": "longitudinal",
        "unit_in_source": "64.0 ksi (min.)"
      },
      "method": "Minimum value printed in a distributor datasheet, which describes the values as typical industry averages for reference",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "alro-7050",
      "where": "Typical Mechanical Properties table, row 7050-T7451 1.000 - 2.000, column Yield Strength (ksi)",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Alro Steel, 7050 Aluminum Plate datasheet, August 2025",
        "id": "AMS 4050; ASTM B594; AMS 2154",
        "url": "https://www.alro.com/Resources/WebResources/AlroCom/Literature/PDFs/356%20-%207050-Aluminum-Plate.pdf",
        "year": 2025,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "Distributor datasheet (cited, not reproduced)"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength",
      "label": "Tensile strength, plate 7050-T7451, 1.000 to 2.000 in, minimum",
      "value": 74,
      "bound": "lower",
      "unit": "ksi",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "temper": "T7451",
        "form": "plate",
        "thickness": "1.000 to 2.000 in",
        "direction": "longitudinal",
        "unit_in_source": "74.0 ksi (min.)"
      },
      "method": "Minimum value printed in a distributor datasheet, which describes the values as typical industry averages for reference",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "alro-7050",
      "where": "Typical Mechanical Properties table, row 7050-T7451 1.000 - 2.000, column Tensile Strength (ksi)",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Alro Steel, 7050 Aluminum Plate datasheet, August 2025",
        "id": "AMS 4050; ASTM B594; AMS 2154",
        "url": "https://www.alro.com/Resources/WebResources/AlroCom/Literature/PDFs/356%20-%207050-Aluminum-Plate.pdf",
        "year": 2025,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "Distributor datasheet (cited, not reproduced)"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "elongation",
      "label": "Elongation, plate 7050-T7451, 1.000 to 2.000 in, minimum",
      "value": 10,
      "bound": "lower",
      "unit": "%",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "temper": "T7451",
        "form": "plate",
        "thickness": "1.000 to 2.000 in",
        "direction": "longitudinal",
        "gauge_length": "2 in",
        "unit_in_source": "10%"
      },
      "method": "Minimum value printed in a distributor datasheet",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "alro-7050",
      "where": "Typical Mechanical Properties table, row 7050-T7451 1.000 - 2.000, column Elongation (% in 2 in)",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Alro Steel, 7050 Aluminum Plate datasheet, August 2025",
        "id": "AMS 4050; ASTM B594; AMS 2154",
        "url": "https://www.alro.com/Resources/WebResources/AlroCom/Literature/PDFs/356%20-%207050-Aluminum-Plate.pdf",
        "year": 2025,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "Distributor datasheet (cited, not reproduced)"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "yield_strength",
      "label": "Yield strength, plate 7050-T7451, 5.001 to 6.000 in, minimum",
      "value": 60,
      "bound": "lower",
      "unit": "ksi",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "temper": "T7451",
        "form": "plate",
        "thickness": "5.001 to 6.000 in",
        "direction": "longitudinal",
        "unit_in_source": "60.0 ksi (min.)"
      },
      "method": "Minimum value printed in a distributor datasheet, which describes the values as typical industry averages for reference",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "alro-7050",
      "where": "Typical Mechanical Properties table, row 7050-T7451 5.001 - 6.000, column Yield Strength (ksi)",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Alro Steel, 7050 Aluminum Plate datasheet, August 2025",
        "id": "AMS 4050; ASTM B594; AMS 2154",
        "url": "https://www.alro.com/Resources/WebResources/AlroCom/Literature/PDFs/356%20-%207050-Aluminum-Plate.pdf",
        "year": 2025,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "Distributor datasheet (cited, not reproduced)"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength",
      "label": "Tensile strength, plate 7050-T7451, 5.001 to 6.000 in, minimum",
      "value": 70,
      "bound": "lower",
      "unit": "ksi",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "temper": "T7451",
        "form": "plate",
        "thickness": "5.001 to 6.000 in",
        "direction": "longitudinal",
        "unit_in_source": "70.0 ksi (min.)"
      },
      "method": "Minimum value printed in a distributor datasheet, which describes the values as typical industry averages for reference",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "alro-7050",
      "where": "Typical Mechanical Properties table, row 7050-T7451 5.001 - 6.000, column Tensile Strength (ksi)",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Alro Steel, 7050 Aluminum Plate datasheet, August 2025",
        "id": "AMS 4050; ASTM B594; AMS 2154",
        "url": "https://www.alro.com/Resources/WebResources/AlroCom/Literature/PDFs/356%20-%207050-Aluminum-Plate.pdf",
        "year": 2025,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "Distributor datasheet (cited, not reproduced)"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "elongation",
      "label": "Elongation, plate 7050-T7451, 5.001 to 6.000 in, minimum",
      "value": 8,
      "bound": "lower",
      "unit": "%",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "temper": "T7451",
        "form": "plate",
        "thickness": "5.001 to 6.000 in",
        "direction": "longitudinal",
        "gauge_length": "2 in",
        "unit_in_source": "8%"
      },
      "method": "Minimum value printed in a distributor datasheet",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "alro-7050",
      "where": "Typical Mechanical Properties table, row 7050-T7451 5.001 - 6.000, column Elongation (% in 2 in)",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Alro Steel, 7050 Aluminum Plate datasheet, August 2025",
        "id": "AMS 4050; ASTM B594; AMS 2154",
        "url": "https://www.alro.com/Resources/WebResources/AlroCom/Literature/PDFs/356%20-%207050-Aluminum-Plate.pdf",
        "year": 2025,
        "kind": "datasheet",
        "license": "Distributor datasheet (cited, not reproduced)"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "yield_strength",
      "label": "Yield strength, AMS 4050 plate (7050-T7451)",
      "value": 479,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "MPa",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "AMS 4050 / AlZn6CuMgZr / 7050 / T7451 (page heading)",
        "temperature": "not stated",
        "thickness": "not stated",
        "unit_in_source": "479 MPa"
      },
      "method": "Value in a mechanical properties table of a distributor data page, with no thickness, direction or test conditions stated",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "referansmetal-7050",
      "where": "Mechanical Properties table, row Yield Strength",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Referansmetal data page, AMS 4050 / AlZn6CuMgZr / 7050 / T7451 plate",
        "url": "https://www.referansmetal.com/alasimli-aluminyum/product/58/uzay-havacilik-savunma/levha-plaka/ams-4050-alzn6cumgzr-7050-t7451?lang=en",
        "kind": "web",
        "license": "Distributor web page (cited, not reproduced)"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "ultimate_tensile_strength",
      "label": "Tensile strength, AMS 4050 plate (7050-T7451)",
      "value": 540,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "MPa",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "AMS 4050 / AlZn6CuMgZr / 7050 / T7451 (page heading)",
        "temperature": "not stated",
        "thickness": "not stated",
        "unit_in_source": "540 MPa"
      },
      "method": "Value in a mechanical properties table of a distributor data page, labelled Ultimate Strength, with no test conditions stated",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "referansmetal-7050",
      "where": "Mechanical Properties table, row Ultimate Strength",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Referansmetal data page, AMS 4050 / AlZn6CuMgZr / 7050 / T7451 plate",
        "url": "https://www.referansmetal.com/alasimli-aluminyum/product/58/uzay-havacilik-savunma/levha-plaka/ams-4050-alzn6cumgzr-7050-t7451?lang=en",
        "kind": "web",
        "license": "Distributor web page (cited, not reproduced)"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "elongation",
      "label": "Elongation A50 mm, AMS 4050 plate (7050-T7451)",
      "value": 11,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "%",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "AMS 4050 / AlZn6CuMgZr / 7050 / T7451 (page heading)",
        "gauge_length": "A50 mm",
        "unit_in_source": "11%"
      },
      "method": "Value in a mechanical properties table of a distributor data page, with no thickness or direction stated",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "referansmetal-7050",
      "where": "Mechanical Properties table, row Elongation A50 mm",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Referansmetal data page, AMS 4050 / AlZn6CuMgZr / 7050 / T7451 plate",
        "url": "https://www.referansmetal.com/alasimli-aluminyum/product/58/uzay-havacilik-savunma/levha-plaka/ams-4050-alzn6cumgzr-7050-t7451?lang=en",
        "kind": "web",
        "license": "Distributor web page (cited, not reproduced)"
      }
    }
  ],
  "corrosion": [
    {
      "environment": "Exfoliation (layered corrosion) of over-aged plate and forgings",
      "headline": "Aubert and Duval name the over-aged T76 temper as particularly resistant to exfoliation corrosion.",
      "effect": "Aubert and Duval say the over-aged T76 condition is particularly resistant to exfoliation corrosion. Alro says the T7451 plate temper has better exfoliation resistance than standard high-strength alloys. Neither gives a rating or test result.",
      "rating": "low",
      "conditions": {
        "basis": "manufacturer and distributor claims, no test data",
        "temper": "T76 and T7451"
      },
      "source": "aubertduval-7050",
      "where": "Characteristics section"
    },
    {
      "environment": "3.5 % NaCl solution, stress corrosion cracking",
      "headline": "In 3.5 % NaCl, 7050-T7451 was slightly more sensitive to stress corrosion cracking than 7475-T7351, and the difference was not significant.",
      "effect": "A 2018 Korean study found 7475-T7351 slightly less sensitive to stress corrosion cracking than 7050-T7451 and 7140-T7451. The difference was not significant in either anodic dissolution or hydrogen embrittlement conditions. No threshold stress or time to failure is given in the abstract.",
      "rating": "moderate",
      "conditions": {
        "solution": "3.5 % NaCl",
        "basis": "laboratory SCC study, abstract only read"
      },
      "source": "kjmm2018",
      "where": "Abstract"
    },
    {
      "environment": "Friction-stir welded joints in a chloride environment",
      "headline": "Friction-stir welds of 7050-T7451 cracked more readily than welds of 7075-T651, although the parent 7050-T7451 metal was the more resistant of the two.",
      "effect": "In a 2003 constant extension rate test, 7075-T651 friction-stir welds showed better cracking resistance than 7050-T7451 welds. The 7075-T651 parent metal was less resistant than 7050-T7451 parent metal, so the ranking reverses at the weld. In 7050-T7451 the TMAZ-nugget boundary was the most susceptible zone to corrosion.",
      "rating": "moderate",
      "conditions": {
        "process": "friction stir welding",
        "test": "constant extension rate test (CERT)",
        "environment": "chloride solution (as in the study)"
      },
      "source": "buchheit2003",
      "where": "Abstract"
    }
  ],
  "risks": {
    "hazards": [
      {
        "text": "Russel Metals safety data sheet for aluminium alloys (dated 15 April 2019, a generic sheet that is not written for 7050): the solid alloy is treated as an article and is not hazardous in solid form, but cutting, milling, grinding, melting and welding can emit hazardous dust and fume. The sheet classifies emitted products as flammable solid category 1 (chips or powder), carcinogenicity category 2, respiratory sensitiser category 1, toxic to reproduction category 1B, specific target organ toxicity repeated exposure category 1 and skin sensitiser category 1, with signal word Warning.",
        "ghs": [],
        "source": "russel-sds-2019",
        "where": "Section 2, Hazardous ingredients, classification table"
      },
      {
        "text": "Dust from grinding can burn if ignited, and aluminium chips, dust and fines in contact with water can generate flammable hydrogen gas. The sheet names Class D extinguishing agents or sand for dust and chip fires.",
        "ghs": [],
        "source": "russel-sds-2019",
        "where": "Fire-fighting section, specific hazards arising from the material, and reactivity section, conditions to avoid"
      }
    ],
    "failure_risks": [
      {
        "mode": "Stress corrosion cracking of friction-stir welds",
        "trigger": "Friction stir welding of 7050-T7451 followed by exposure to a chloride environment",
        "consequence": "In a 2003 constant extension rate test, weld zones cracked more readily than 7075-T651 welds, and the TMAZ-nugget boundary was the most susceptible zone in 7050-T7451. The study does not give a time to failure or a design allowance.",
        "severity": "moderate",
        "source": "buchheit2003",
        "where": "Abstract"
      },
      {
        "mode": "Lower minimum strength in thicker plate",
        "trigger": "Plate of 7050-T7451 above 1 in thick, in the longitudinal direction",
        "consequence": "The distributor minimum yield strength falls from 64.0 ksi for 1.000 to 2.000 in plate to 60.0 ksi for 5.001 to 6.000 in plate, and the minimum elongation falls from 10 % to 8 %. Designs should use the minimum for the actual thickness.",
        "severity": "low",
        "source": "alro-7050",
        "where": "Typical Mechanical Properties table, rows 7050-T7451 1.000 - 2.000 and 5.001 - 6.000"
      }
    ],
    "side_effects": [],
    "handling": [
      {
        "text": "Where local ventilation and vacuum systems collect aluminium dust and fines, use explosion-proof systems, and do not let dust accumulate. Avoid generating dust when cutting or grinding.",
        "source": "russel-sds-2019",
        "where": "Handling and storage section, and exposure controls section (engineering controls)"
      },
      {
        "text": "The ACGIH threshold limit value for aluminium dust is 1 mg/m3 as a respirable TWA, and the sheet advises a respirator (dust and fume) when grinding or welding if limits are exceeded.",
        "source": "russel-sds-2019",
        "where": "Exposure controls section, control parameters table, row Aluminum, and respirator entry"
      }
    ],
    "mitigations": []
  },
  "uses": [
    {
      "application": "structures",
      "device": "Aircraft fuselage frames, bulkheads and wing skins",
      "example": "Alro lists aerospace fuselage frames, wing skins and bulkheads among the typical applications of 7050 plate. Aubert and Duval sell closed-die forgings and large forged bars for the aerospace industry, designed for structural parts under high fatigue stress and corrosion risk.",
      "source": "alro-7050",
      "where": "Typical Applications list; Aubert and Duval datasheet, Applications box"
    },
    {
      "application": "structures",
      "device": "Spacecraft structural plate",
      "example": "Alro lists spacecraft among the typical applications of 7050-T7451 plate and says the plate is ideal for military, space and mobile equipment markets. This is a distributor statement. No flight record for a specific spacecraft was found in this run.",
      "source": "alro-7050",
      "where": "Typical Applications list and product introduction text"
    },
    {
      "application": "structures",
      "device": "Commercial aerospace structure",
      "example": "Wikipedia describes 7050 as a commercial aerospace alloy, with applications listed as aircraft structures, fuselage frames, bulkheads, wing skins and military aircraft. Wikipedia is used here for the application list only.",
      "source": "wikipedia-7050",
      "where": "Lead paragraph and Applications section"
    }
  ],
  "supply": [
    {
      "subject": "Aluminium metal, primary smelter production (2025 estimate, all 7050 alloying elements not covered)",
      "producers": [
        {
          "country": "China",
          "share_percent": 60.8,
          "year": 2025
        },
        {
          "country": "India",
          "share_percent": 5.7,
          "year": 2025
        },
        {
          "country": "Russia",
          "share_percent": 5.3,
          "year": 2025
        },
        {
          "country": "Canada",
          "share_percent": 4.5,
          "year": 2025
        },
        {
          "country": "United Arab Emirates",
          "share_percent": 3.6,
          "year": 2025
        }
      ],
      "critical_lists": [],
      "recycling": "USGS: in 2025 aluminium recovered from purchased scrap in the United States was about 3.6 million tons, of which about 56 % came from new scrap and 44 % from old scrap. Aluminium recovered from old scrap equalled about 28 % of apparent consumption.",
      "substitutes": [
        "USGS: composites can substitute for aluminium in aircraft fuselages and wings, and composites, magnesium, steel and titanium can substitute for aluminium in ground transportation."
      ],
      "source": "usgs-mcs2026-aluminum",
      "where": "World Smelter Production and Capacity table, column 2025e (shares calculated by Space Mushroom from the world total of 74,000 thousand t, for China 45,000, India 4,200, Russia 3,900, Canada 3,300 and United Arab Emirates 2,700); Domestic Production and Use and Recycling paragraphs; Substitutes paragraph"
    }
  ],
  "media": [],
  "documents": [
    {
      "title": "Aubert and Duval datasheet: aluminium alloy 7050 (Al Zn6CuMgZr)",
      "type": "datasheet",
      "url": "https://aubertduval.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/7050_GB.pdf"
    },
    {
      "title": "Alro Steel datasheet: 7050 aluminum plate, AMS 4050, T7451",
      "type": "datasheet",
      "url": "https://www.alro.com/Resources/WebResources/AlroCom/Literature/PDFs/356%20-%207050-Aluminum-Plate.pdf",
      "year": 2025
    },
    {
      "title": "Referansmetal data page: AMS 4050 / AlZn6CuMgZr / 7050 / T7451 plate",
      "type": "datasheet",
      "url": "https://www.referansmetal.com/alasimli-aluminyum/product/58/uzay-havacilik-savunma/levha-plaka/ams-4050-alzn6cumgzr-7050-t7451?lang=en"
    },
    {
      "title": "SA Materials: Description of Aluminum Alloy 7050 (UNS A97050) Plate/Sheet",
      "type": "datasheet",
      "url": "https://samaterials.com/aluminum/2147-aluminum-alloy-7050-plate-sheet.html"
    },
    {
      "title": "Wikipedia: 7050 aluminium alloy",
      "type": "database",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/7050_aluminium_alloy",
      "year": 2026
    },
    {
      "title": "USGS Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026: Aluminum",
      "type": "report",
      "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-aluminum.pdf",
      "year": 2026
    },
    {
      "title": "Russel Metals safety data sheet: Aluminum alloys (dated 15 April 2019)",
      "type": "sds",
      "url": "https://www.russelmetals.com/wp-content/uploads/sds-aluminum-alloys.pdf",
      "year": 2019
    },
    {
      "title": "Buchheit and Paglia, Localized corrosion and stress corrosion cracking of friction stir welded 7075 and 7050, Corrosion and Protection of Light Metal Alloys, pp. 94-103",
      "type": "paper",
      "url": "https://scholars.uky.edu/en/publications/localized-corrosion-and-stress-corrosion-cracking-of-friction-sti/",
      "year": 2003
    },
    {
      "title": "Lee et al., Resistance to Stress Corrosion Cracking of High-Strength 7xxx Series Aluminum Alloys in 3.5% NaCl Solution, KJMM 56(10), 708-717",
      "type": "paper",
      "url": "https://kjmm.org/kjmm/ArticleDetail/RD_R/445858",
      "year": 2018
    }
  ],
  "gaps": [
    "No flight record for a specific spacecraft or rocket using 7050 was found in this run. The spacecraft use rests on a distributor list (Alro) and is recorded as such.",
    "The AMS 4050 specification itself was not read: the SAE page returned HTTP 403. AMS 4050 is named only on the Alro and Referansmetal pages, so the code is recorded from those.",
    "The AMS 4201, BMS 7-323 and DMS-2233 designations appeared only in search snippets and were not printed on a page read in this run, so they are not recorded.",
    "Plate values from the Alro page are minimums printed as typical industry averages. The Referansmetal plate values (density, modulus, thermal conductivity, yield, tensile, elongation) have no thickness, direction or test condition printed, so they are marked as such.",
    "No property value for a specific temper gives electrical resistivity. Referansmetal prints 35 % IACS with no conditions, and Aubert and Duval prints an electrical resistivity whose unit is garbled in the PDF text, so neither is entered.",
    "Fracture toughness K1c is not in property-canon, so it is recorded under a custom name, fracture_toughness_k1c.",
    "No 7050-specific safety data sheet was read. The Central Steel aluminium alloy SDS returned HTTP 403, so the hazard entries come from the generic Russel Metals aluminium alloy sheet and are not 7050 classifications.",
    "The USGS Aluminum summary read in this run has no critical-minerals list, so critical_lists is left empty. Supply of zinc, magnesium, copper and zirconium, the other main alloying elements, was not looked up.",
    "Atmospheric corrosion rates, EXCO or ASTM G34 exfoliation ratings, and SCC threshold stresses for 7050 were not found in any page read. The exfoliation claims are manufacturer and distributor statements.",
    "The two composition limit tables disagree on titanium: SA Materials gives a maximum, and Referansmetal gives a range (0.08 to 0.21 %). Both are kept in the recipe text, and the Aubert and Duval datasheet gives no titanium value.",
    "Weldability other than the friction-stir weld data, formability and machinability were not established from a fetched page, so they are not recorded.",
    "Wikipedia values for density (2.6 to 2.8 g/cm3), melting point (494 C), tensile (515 MPa), yield (455 MPa), elongation (11 %), modulus (70 to 80 GPa) and thermal conductivity (180 W/mK) have no conditions and are not used as property values.",
    "No environment tag is recorded, since no source describes 7050 in low Earth orbit, lunar or launch environments."
  ],
  "story": {
    "why": "AA7050 is chosen for thick, high-strength aerospace structure. Its typical forged T74 properties are above 414 MPa yield and above 483 MPa tensile, and its over-aged tempers are named as resistant to exfoliation corrosion. Aerospace suppliers list it for fuselage frames, wing skins and bulkheads, and the Alro datasheet also lists spacecraft as a typical application. The alloy's main weakness is in the weld zone.",
    "uses": [
      {
        "where": "Aircraft structure",
        "line": "Fuselage frames, bulkheads and wing skins are the typical aerospace applications listed by Alro. Aubert and Duval sell closed-die forgings and large forged bars for aerospace structure."
      },
      {
        "where": "Spacecraft",
        "line": "Alro lists spacecraft among the typical applications of 7050-T7451 plate. No specific spacecraft flight record was found in this run, so this is a supplier claim."
      },
      {
        "where": "Commercial aerospace",
        "line": "Wikipedia describes 7050 as a commercial aerospace alloy and lists aircraft structures, fuselage frames, bulkheads and wing skins, and military aircraft among its applications."
      }
    ],
    "can_do": [
      {
        "label": "Carry load",
        "line": "In the T74 condition, forged stock at 100 to 125 mm has a typical yield strength above 414 MPa and a tensile strength above 483 MPa, with 7 % elongation. The plate minimum in T7451 is 64.0 ksi yield for 1 to 2 in thickness.",
        "benchmark": "yield_strength",
        "scope": "material",
        "value": "414 MPa yield (forged T74)"
      },
      {
        "label": "Light for its strength",
        "line": "The AMS 4050 plate density is 2.83 g/cm3 on the Referansmetal page, with no conditions printed.",
        "benchmark": "density",
        "scope": "material",
        "value": "2.83 g/cm3"
      },
      {
        "label": "Stiffness",
        "line": "The modulus of elasticity at 20 °C is 71.5 GPa in the Aubert and Duval datasheet. Referansmetal gives 71.7 GPa for the plate.",
        "benchmark": "elastic_modulus",
        "scope": "material",
        "value": "71.5 GPa"
      },
      {
        "label": "Heat conduction",
        "line": "Thermal conductivity at 20 °C is 154 W/(m·K) in the T76 forged condition, and 157 W/(m·K) on the Referansmetal plate page.",
        "benchmark": "thermal_conductivity",
        "scope": "material",
        "value": "154 W/(m·K)"
      },
      {
        "label": "Fracture toughness",
        "line": "The typical K1c for forged T74 in the L-T direction is above 27.5 MPam in the Aubert and Duval datasheet.",
        "benchmark": "fracture_toughness_k1c",
        "scope": "material",
        "value": "above 27.5 MPam"
      }
    ],
    "compare": "The USGS summary lists composites as a substitute for aluminium in aircraft fuselages and wings, and composites, magnesium, steel and titanium in ground transport. The rows below give AA7050 plate and forging values from the sources read here. They are examples, not a ranking, because the sources use different tempers, forms and conditions.",
    "compare_rows": [
      {
        "label": "Density",
        "benchmark": "density",
        "scope": "material"
      },
      {
        "label": "Modulus of elasticity",
        "benchmark": "elastic_modulus",
        "scope": "material"
      },
      {
        "label": "Yield strength",
        "benchmark": "yield_strength",
        "scope": "material"
      }
    ],
    "handling": [
      "Name the temper on every order, since the strength values belong to a specific temper and form.",
      "Cut and grind with dust extraction, and keep chips and fines away from water.",
      "Weld with care: in the 2003 study the TMAZ-nugget boundary of 7050-T7451 friction-stir welds was the most corrosion-susceptible zone."
    ],
    "good_for": [
      "High strength in thick aerospace structure: typical forged T74 yield above 414 MPa and tensile above 483 MPa (Aubert and Duval).",
      "Exfoliation resistance in the over-aged tempers, as the manufacturer and distributor say.",
      "Recycling: about 3.6 million tons of aluminium was recovered from purchased scrap in the United States in 2025 (USGS)."
    ],
    "watch_out": [
      "Friction-stir welds of 7050-T7451 cracked more readily than 7075-T651 welds in one 2003 study.",
      "Strength falls with thickness in plate: the minimum yield strength is 64.0 ksi at 1 to 2 in and 60.0 ksi at 5 to 6 in (Alro).",
      "Most of the strength values come from datasheets and distributor pages, not from a standard. Check AMS 4050 for design values.",
      "No spacecraft flight record was found for this alloy in this run.",
      "China produced about 60.8 % of world primary aluminium in 2025 by the USGS estimate, so supply is concentrated."
    ],
    "verdict": "AA7050 is a high-strength aerospace aluminium for thick structure, with typical forged T74 yield above 414 MPa and plate minimum yield of 64.0 ksi in T7451. Its exfoliation resistance rests on manufacturer and distributor claims, and its friction-stir welds are its weak point in a 2003 corrosion study. The spacecraft use is a supplier claim, and the values need checking against AMS 4050 before design.",
    "recipe": {
      "line": "AA7050 is an aluminium alloy of zinc, copper and magnesium with a small addition of zirconium. The typical composition from Aubert and Duval is zinc 6.20, copper 2.30, magnesium 2.30 and zirconium 0.12 weight percent, with aluminium the balance. The composition limit tables from SA Materials and Referansmetal are cited in the sources, and they differ on titanium.It is solution heat treated at 475 °C, water quenched, and aged between 100 and 180 °C, with the over-aged T74 and T76 conditions the most common (Aubert and Duval).",
      "parts": [
        {
          "name": "Aluminium",
          "symbol": "Al",
          "role": "The base metal. The balance by weight after the alloying elements, per the typical composition (Aubert and Duval)."
        },
        {
          "name": "Zinc",
          "symbol": "Zn",
          "role": "Alloying element. Typical value from Aubert and Duval; limits in the SA Materials table.",
          "share_percent": 6.2
        },
        {
          "name": "Copper",
          "symbol": "Cu",
          "role": "Alloying element. Typical value from Aubert and Duval; limits in the SA Materials table.",
          "share_percent": 2.3
        },
        {
          "name": "Magnesium",
          "symbol": "Mg",
          "role": "Alloying element. Typical value from Aubert and Duval; limits in the SA Materials table.",
          "share_percent": 2.3
        },
        {
          "name": "Zirconium",
          "symbol": "Zr",
          "role": "Alloying element. Typical value from Aubert and Duval; limits in the SA Materials table.",
          "share_percent": 0.12
        }
      ]
    },
    "risk_groups": [
      {
        "title": "For people",
        "lead": "The solid alloy is an article and is not hazardous as a bar or plate. The hazard comes from dust and fume made while the metal is machined, ground, melted or welded.",
        "points": [
          {
            "label": "The solid alloy",
            "line": "The Russel Metals sheet treats aluminium alloy as an article and not hazardous in solid form. Its GHS classes apply to the fume and dust produced in processing, not to the bar or plate."
          },
          {
            "label": "Dust and fume",
            "line": "Grinding and welding produce dust and fume that can irritate the eyes, skin and airways, and heated aluminium can cause metal fume fever. The sheet gives an ACGIH threshold limit value of 1 mg/m3 for aluminium dust."
          }
        ],
        "level": 1,
        "verdict": "Hazard in processing, not in solid form"
      },
      {
        "title": "If it fails",
        "lead": "The failure routes found in the sources concern the weld zone and thick sections. The exfoliation claims are manufacturer statements, and no test data were found.",
        "points": [
          {
            "label": "Weld zones",
            "line": "In a 2003 constant extension rate test, friction-stir welds of 7050-T7451 cracked more readily than welds of 7075-T651, and the TMAZ-nugget boundary was the most susceptible zone."
          },
          {
            "label": "Thick plate",
            "line": "The distributor minimum yield strength falls from 64.0 ksi for 1 to 2 in plate to 60.0 ksi for 5 to 6 in plate."
          },
          {
            "label": "Dust fire",
            "line": "Dust from grinding can burn if ignited, and fines in contact with water release hydrogen."
          }
        ]
      },
      {
        "title": "Handling and storage",
        "points": [
          {
            "label": "Keep dust down",
            "line": "Use explosion-proof dust extraction where dust is collected, and avoid letting dust build up."
          },
          {
            "label": "Temper choice",
            "line": "Name the temper on every order. The over-aged T74, T76 and T7451 tempers are the ones the sources tie to exfoliation resistance."
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  },
  "updated": "2026-10-26",
  "review": {
    "status": "draft",
    "method": "assistant",
    "checked_values": 26,
    "unreachable": 2,
    "caveats": 5,
    "note": "Values were read by an AI assistant on 2026-10-26 from the pages and PDFs named in each entry. Unreachable: the SAE AMS 4050 page and the Central Steel SDS (both HTTP 403). Caveats: the Aubert and Duval values are typical, not guaranteed; the Alro plate values are minimums printed as typical industry averages; the Referansmetal values have no conditions printed; the hazard entries come from a generic aluminium alloy sheet, not 7050; the SCC and weld results come from a 2003 conference abstract and a 2018 abstract."
  },
  "sources": {
    "aubertduval-7050": {
      "title": "Aubert and Duval, Aluminium alloy 7050 (Al Zn6CuMgZr), product datasheet",
      "id": "UNS A97050; EN AW-7050 (Al Zn6CuMgZr); WL 3.4144",
      "url": "https://aubertduval.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/7050_GB.pdf",
      "kind": "datasheet",
      "license": "Manufacturer datasheet, typical values (cited, not reproduced)"
    },
    "alro-7050": {
      "title": "Alro Steel, 7050 Aluminum Plate datasheet, August 2025",
      "id": "AMS 4050; ASTM B594; AMS 2154",
      "url": "https://www.alro.com/Resources/WebResources/AlroCom/Literature/PDFs/356%20-%207050-Aluminum-Plate.pdf",
      "year": 2025,
      "kind": "datasheet",
      "license": "Distributor datasheet (cited, not reproduced)"
    },
    "referansmetal-7050": {
      "title": "Referansmetal data page, AMS 4050 / AlZn6CuMgZr / 7050 / T7451 plate",
      "url": "https://www.referansmetal.com/alasimli-aluminyum/product/58/uzay-havacilik-savunma/levha-plaka/ams-4050-alzn6cumgzr-7050-t7451?lang=en",
      "kind": "web",
      "license": "Distributor web page (cited, not reproduced)"
    },
    "samaterials-7050": {
      "title": "SA Materials, Description of Aluminum Alloy 7050 (UNS A97050) Plate/Sheet",
      "id": "UNS A97050",
      "url": "https://samaterials.com/aluminum/2147-aluminum-alloy-7050-plate-sheet.html",
      "kind": "web",
      "license": "Supplier web page (cited, not reproduced)"
    },
    "wikipedia-7050": {
      "title": "Wikipedia, 7050 aluminium alloy",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/7050_aluminium_alloy",
      "year": 2026,
      "kind": "web",
      "license": "CC BY-SA (cited, not reproduced)"
    },
    "usgs-mcs2026-aluminum": {
      "title": "Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026, Aluminum (USGS)",
      "id": "USGS MCS 2026",
      "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-aluminum.pdf",
      "year": 2026,
      "kind": "report",
      "license": "Public domain (USGS)"
    },
    "russel-sds-2019": {
      "title": "Russel Metals, Safety Data Sheet: Aluminum alloys (generic), dated 15 April 2019",
      "url": "https://www.russelmetals.com/wp-content/uploads/sds-aluminum-alloys.pdf",
      "year": 2019,
      "kind": "datasheet",
      "license": "Supplier safety data sheet (cited, not reproduced)"
    },
    "buchheit2003": {
      "title": "Buchheit and Paglia, Localized corrosion and stress corrosion cracking of friction stir welded 7075 and 7050, Corrosion and Protection of Light Metal Alloys",
      "id": "Proceedings, Orlando FL, 12-17 October 2003, pp. 94-103",
      "url": "https://scholars.uky.edu/en/publications/localized-corrosion-and-stress-corrosion-cracking-of-friction-sti/",
      "year": 2003,
      "kind": "paper",
      "license": "Conference abstract (cited, not reproduced)"
    },
    "kjmm2018": {
      "title": "Lee, Choi, Ahn, Lee and Kim, Resistance to Stress Corrosion Cracking of High-Strength 7xxx Series Aluminum Alloys in 3.5% NaCl Solution, KJMM 56(10), 708-717",
      "url": "https://kjmm.org/kjmm/ArticleDetail/RD_R/445858",
      "year": 2018,
      "kind": "paper",
      "license": "Journal abstract (cited, not reproduced)"
    }
  },
  "license": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "url": "https://spacemushroom.com/profiles/aluminium-7050/"
}