{
  "spore": "profile",
  "id": "alsic",
  "spore_version": "0.2",
  "family": "aluminium-silicon-carbide",
  "name": "Aluminium silicon carbide (AlSiC) metal-matrix composite",
  "abbreviation": "AlSiC",
  "role": "thermal-management substrate, heat spreader and hermetic housing",
  "category": "composites",
  "type": "metal-matrix",
  "summary": "Aluminium silicon carbide (AlSiC) is a metal-matrix composite of an aluminium alloy (alloy 356 in the CPS Technologies grades) reinforced with silicon carbide (SiC) particles. CPS Technologies prints a density of 3.01 g/cm3 and a thermal conductivity of 190 W/mK typical at 25 °C for the AlSiC-9 grade, which is 37% vol aluminium alloy and 63% vol silicon carbide. The same grade has a coefficient of thermal expansion of 8.00 ppm/°C from 30 to 100 °C, and Wikipedia says the expansion can be tuned to match silicon, gallium arsenide and several ceramics.",
  "best_for": "Matching the thermal expansion of silicon, gallium arsenide or ceramic chips while spreading heat in power electronics, in a material of 2.89 to 3.01 g/cm3 (AlSiC-12 to AlSiC-9)",
  "weakest_at": "Ductility: 11.3 MPa/m2 fracture toughness and 0.295 percent elongation at rupture for AlSiC-9 (CPS 2025), and silicon carbide dust that PubChem lists with a cancer-by-inhalation hazard statement",
  "identity": {
    "formula": "Composite of aluminium alloy 356 (matrix) and silicon carbide particles (reinforcement); AlSiC-9 is 37% vol aluminium alloy 356 and 63% vol silicon carbide (CPS 2025 slide)",
    "cas": "409-21-2 (silicon carbide reinforcement, PubChem CID 9863; the composite has no CAS number in the sources read)",
    "designations": [
      {
        "system": "Trade name",
        "code": "AlSiC-9",
        "source": "cps-alsic-2025",
        "where": "Select Material Properties table, column AlSiC-9"
      },
      {
        "system": "Trade name",
        "code": "AlSiC-10",
        "source": "wikipedia-alsic",
        "where": "Grades list, AlSiC-10 entry"
      },
      {
        "system": "Trade name",
        "code": "AlSiC-12",
        "source": "cps-alsic-2025",
        "where": "Select Material Properties table, column AlSiC-12"
      }
    ],
    "source": "cps-alsic-2025",
    "where": "Select Material Properties table, rows Aluminum Alloy 356 and Silicon Carbide"
  },
  "tags": {
    "environments": [],
    "stresses": [],
    "applications": [
      "electronics-and-chips",
      "thermal-control",
      "optics-and-cameras",
      "rovers-and-surface-systems"
    ]
  },
  "properties": [
    {
      "benchmark": "density",
      "label": "Density, AlSiC-9 (CPS 2025)",
      "value": 3.01,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "g/cm3",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "AlSiC-9",
        "composition": "37% vol aluminium alloy 356, 63% vol SiC",
        "temperature": "not stated on the slide",
        "printed": "3.01"
      },
      "method": "Value printed in a manufacturer product slide",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "cps-alsic-2025",
      "where": "Select Material Properties table, Density (g/cm3) row, AlSiC-9 column",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "CPS AlSiC Composites, 2025 product slide (Select Material Properties)",
        "url": "https://cpstechnologysolutions.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/CPS-Alsic-2025-Final.pdf",
        "year": 2025,
        "kind": "datasheet"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "density",
      "label": "Density, AlSiC-12 (CPS 2025)",
      "value": 2.89,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "g/cm3",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "AlSiC-12",
        "composition": "63% vol aluminium alloy 356, 37% vol SiC",
        "temperature": "not stated on the slide",
        "printed": "2.89"
      },
      "method": "Value printed in a manufacturer product slide",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "cps-alsic-2025",
      "where": "Select Material Properties table, Density (g/cm3) row, AlSiC-12 column",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "CPS AlSiC Composites, 2025 product slide (Select Material Properties)",
        "url": "https://cpstechnologysolutions.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/CPS-Alsic-2025-Final.pdf",
        "year": 2025,
        "kind": "datasheet"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "thermal_conductivity",
      "label": "Thermal conductivity, AlSiC-9, typical (CPS 2025)",
      "value": 190,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "W/mK",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "AlSiC-9",
        "temperature": "25 °C",
        "basis": "typical",
        "printed": "190 typical"
      },
      "method": "Value printed in a manufacturer product slide",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "cps-alsic-2025",
      "where": "Select Material Properties table, Thermal Conductivity @25°C (W/mK) row, AlSiC-9 column, typical value",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "CPS AlSiC Composites, 2025 product slide (Select Material Properties)",
        "url": "https://cpstechnologysolutions.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/CPS-Alsic-2025-Final.pdf",
        "year": 2025,
        "kind": "datasheet"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "thermal_conductivity",
      "label": "Thermal conductivity, AlSiC-9, minimum (CPS 2025)",
      "value": 180,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "W/mK",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "AlSiC-9",
        "temperature": "25 °C",
        "basis": "minimum",
        "printed": "180 min"
      },
      "method": "Value printed in a manufacturer product slide",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "cps-alsic-2025",
      "where": "Select Material Properties table, Thermal Conductivity @25°C (W/mK) row, AlSiC-9 column, minimum value",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "CPS AlSiC Composites, 2025 product slide (Select Material Properties)",
        "url": "https://cpstechnologysolutions.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/CPS-Alsic-2025-Final.pdf",
        "year": 2025,
        "kind": "datasheet"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "thermal_conductivity",
      "label": "Thermal conductivity, AlSiC-12, typical (CPS 2025)",
      "value": 180,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "W/mK",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "AlSiC-12",
        "temperature": "25 °C",
        "basis": "typical",
        "printed": "180 typical"
      },
      "method": "Value printed in a manufacturer product slide",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "cps-alsic-2025",
      "where": "Select Material Properties table, Thermal Conductivity @25°C (W/mK) row, AlSiC-12 column, typical value",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "CPS AlSiC Composites, 2025 product slide (Select Material Properties)",
        "url": "https://cpstechnologysolutions.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/CPS-Alsic-2025-Final.pdf",
        "year": 2025,
        "kind": "datasheet"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "thermal_conductivity",
      "label": "Thermal conductivity, AlSiC-12, minimum (CPS 2025)",
      "value": 170,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "W/mK",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "AlSiC-12",
        "temperature": "25 °C",
        "basis": "minimum",
        "printed": "170 min"
      },
      "method": "Value printed in a manufacturer product slide",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "cps-alsic-2025",
      "where": "Select Material Properties table, Thermal Conductivity @25°C (W/mK) row, AlSiC-12 column, minimum value",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "CPS AlSiC Composites, 2025 product slide (Select Material Properties)",
        "url": "https://cpstechnologysolutions.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/CPS-Alsic-2025-Final.pdf",
        "year": 2025,
        "kind": "datasheet"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "cte",
      "label": "Coefficient of thermal expansion, AlSiC-9, 30-100 °C (CPS 2025)",
      "value": 8,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "ppm/°C",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "AlSiC-9",
        "temperature": "30-100 °C",
        "printed": "8.00"
      },
      "method": "Value printed in a manufacturer product slide",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "cps-alsic-2025",
      "where": "Select Material Properties table, Thermal Expansion (CTE) row, 30-100°C line, AlSiC-9 column",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "CPS AlSiC Composites, 2025 product slide (Select Material Properties)",
        "url": "https://cpstechnologysolutions.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/CPS-Alsic-2025-Final.pdf",
        "year": 2025,
        "kind": "datasheet"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "cte",
      "label": "Coefficient of thermal expansion, AlSiC-9, 30-150 °C (CPS 2025)",
      "value": 8.37,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "ppm/°C",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "AlSiC-9",
        "temperature": "30-150 °C",
        "printed": "8.37"
      },
      "method": "Value printed in a manufacturer product slide",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "cps-alsic-2025",
      "where": "Select Material Properties table, Thermal Expansion (CTE) row, 30-150°C line, AlSiC-9 column",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "CPS AlSiC Composites, 2025 product slide (Select Material Properties)",
        "url": "https://cpstechnologysolutions.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/CPS-Alsic-2025-Final.pdf",
        "year": 2025,
        "kind": "datasheet"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "cte",
      "label": "Coefficient of thermal expansion, AlSiC-9, 30-200 °C (CPS 2025)",
      "value": 8.75,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "ppm/°C",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "AlSiC-9",
        "temperature": "30-200 °C",
        "printed": "8.75"
      },
      "method": "Value printed in a manufacturer product slide",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "cps-alsic-2025",
      "where": "Select Material Properties table, Thermal Expansion (CTE) row, 30-200°C line, AlSiC-9 column",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "CPS AlSiC Composites, 2025 product slide (Select Material Properties)",
        "url": "https://cpstechnologysolutions.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/CPS-Alsic-2025-Final.pdf",
        "year": 2025,
        "kind": "datasheet"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "cte",
      "label": "Coefficient of thermal expansion, AlSiC-12, 30-100 °C (CPS 2025)",
      "value": 10.9,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "ppm/°C",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "AlSiC-12",
        "temperature": "30-100 °C",
        "printed": "10.90"
      },
      "method": "Value printed in a manufacturer product slide",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "cps-alsic-2025",
      "where": "Select Material Properties table, Thermal Expansion (CTE) row, 30-100°C line, AlSiC-12 column",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "CPS AlSiC Composites, 2025 product slide (Select Material Properties)",
        "url": "https://cpstechnologysolutions.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/CPS-Alsic-2025-Final.pdf",
        "year": 2025,
        "kind": "datasheet"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "cte",
      "label": "Coefficient of thermal expansion, AlSiC-12, 30-150 °C (CPS 2025)",
      "value": 11.2,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "ppm/°C",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "AlSiC-12",
        "temperature": "30-150 °C",
        "printed": "11.20"
      },
      "method": "Value printed in a manufacturer product slide",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "cps-alsic-2025",
      "where": "Select Material Properties table, Thermal Expansion (CTE) row, 30-150°C line, AlSiC-12 column",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "CPS AlSiC Composites, 2025 product slide (Select Material Properties)",
        "url": "https://cpstechnologysolutions.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/CPS-Alsic-2025-Final.pdf",
        "year": 2025,
        "kind": "datasheet"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "cte",
      "label": "Coefficient of thermal expansion, AlSiC-12, 30-200 °C (CPS 2025)",
      "value": 11.7,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "ppm/°C",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "AlSiC-12",
        "temperature": "30-200 °C",
        "printed": "11.70"
      },
      "method": "Value printed in a manufacturer product slide",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "cps-alsic-2025",
      "where": "Select Material Properties table, Thermal Expansion (CTE) row, 30-200°C line, AlSiC-12 column",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "CPS AlSiC Composites, 2025 product slide (Select Material Properties)",
        "url": "https://cpstechnologysolutions.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/CPS-Alsic-2025-Final.pdf",
        "year": 2025,
        "kind": "datasheet"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "specific_heat",
      "label": "Specific heat, AlSiC-9 (CPS 2025)",
      "value": 0.741,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "J/gK",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "AlSiC-9",
        "temperature": "25 °C",
        "printed": "0.741"
      },
      "method": "Value printed in a manufacturer product slide; unit printed as J/gK",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "cps-alsic-2025",
      "where": "Select Material Properties table, Specific Heat @25°C (J/gK) row, AlSiC-9 column",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "CPS AlSiC Composites, 2025 product slide (Select Material Properties)",
        "url": "https://cpstechnologysolutions.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/CPS-Alsic-2025-Final.pdf",
        "year": 2025,
        "kind": "datasheet"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "specific_heat",
      "label": "Specific heat, AlSiC-12 (CPS 2025)",
      "value": 0.808,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "J/gK",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "AlSiC-12",
        "temperature": "25 °C",
        "printed": "0.808"
      },
      "method": "Value printed in a manufacturer product slide; unit printed as J/gK",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "cps-alsic-2025",
      "where": "Select Material Properties table, Specific Heat @25°C (J/gK) row, AlSiC-12 column",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "CPS AlSiC Composites, 2025 product slide (Select Material Properties)",
        "url": "https://cpstechnologysolutions.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/CPS-Alsic-2025-Final.pdf",
        "year": 2025,
        "kind": "datasheet"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "elastic_modulus",
      "label": "Young's modulus, AlSiC-9 (CPS 2025)",
      "value": 188,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "GPa",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "AlSiC-9",
        "temperature": "not stated on the slide",
        "printed": "188"
      },
      "method": "Value printed in a manufacturer product slide",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "cps-alsic-2025",
      "where": "Select Material Properties table, Young's Modulus (GPa) row, AlSiC-9 column",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "CPS AlSiC Composites, 2025 product slide (Select Material Properties)",
        "url": "https://cpstechnologysolutions.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/CPS-Alsic-2025-Final.pdf",
        "year": 2025,
        "kind": "datasheet"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "elastic_modulus",
      "label": "Young's modulus, AlSiC-12 (CPS 2025)",
      "value": 167,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "GPa",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "AlSiC-12",
        "temperature": "not stated on the slide",
        "printed": "167"
      },
      "method": "Value printed in a manufacturer product slide",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "cps-alsic-2025",
      "where": "Select Material Properties table, Young's Modulus (GPa) row, AlSiC-12 column",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "CPS AlSiC Composites, 2025 product slide (Select Material Properties)",
        "url": "https://cpstechnologysolutions.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/CPS-Alsic-2025-Final.pdf",
        "year": 2025,
        "kind": "datasheet"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "shear_modulus",
      "label": "Shear modulus, AlSiC-9 (CPS 2025)",
      "value": 76,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "GPa",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "AlSiC-9",
        "temperature": "not stated on the slide",
        "printed": "76"
      },
      "method": "Value printed in a manufacturer product slide",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "cps-alsic-2025",
      "where": "Select Material Properties table, Shear Modulus (GPa) row, AlSiC-9 column",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "CPS AlSiC Composites, 2025 product slide (Select Material Properties)",
        "url": "https://cpstechnologysolutions.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/CPS-Alsic-2025-Final.pdf",
        "year": 2025,
        "kind": "datasheet"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "shear_modulus",
      "label": "Shear modulus, AlSiC-12 (CPS 2025)",
      "value": 69,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "GPa",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "AlSiC-12",
        "temperature": "not stated on the slide",
        "printed": "69"
      },
      "method": "Value printed in a manufacturer product slide",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "cps-alsic-2025",
      "where": "Select Material Properties table, Shear Modulus (GPa) row, AlSiC-12 column",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "CPS AlSiC Composites, 2025 product slide (Select Material Properties)",
        "url": "https://cpstechnologysolutions.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/CPS-Alsic-2025-Final.pdf",
        "year": 2025,
        "kind": "datasheet"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "flexural_strength",
      "label": "Four-point bend strength, AlSiC-9 (CPS 2025)",
      "value": 488,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "MPa",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "AlSiC-9",
        "test": "four-point bend, printed as A-Bar 4-pt Bend Strength",
        "temperature": "not stated on the slide",
        "printed": "488"
      },
      "method": "Value printed in a manufacturer product slide; the slide does not use the word flexural",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "cps-alsic-2025",
      "where": "Select Material Properties table, A-Bar 4-pt Bend Strength (MPa) row, AlSiC-9 column",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "CPS AlSiC Composites, 2025 product slide (Select Material Properties)",
        "url": "https://cpstechnologysolutions.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/CPS-Alsic-2025-Final.pdf",
        "year": 2025,
        "kind": "datasheet"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "flexural_strength",
      "label": "Four-point bend strength, AlSiC-12 (CPS 2025)",
      "value": 471,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "MPa",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "AlSiC-12",
        "test": "four-point bend, printed as A-Bar 4-pt Bend Strength",
        "temperature": "not stated on the slide",
        "printed": "471"
      },
      "method": "Value printed in a manufacturer product slide; the slide does not use the word flexural",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "cps-alsic-2025",
      "where": "Select Material Properties table, A-Bar 4-pt Bend Strength (MPa) row, AlSiC-12 column",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "CPS AlSiC Composites, 2025 product slide (Select Material Properties)",
        "url": "https://cpstechnologysolutions.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/CPS-Alsic-2025-Final.pdf",
        "year": 2025,
        "kind": "datasheet"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "fracture_toughness",
      "label": "Fracture toughness, AlSiC-9 (CPS 2025)",
      "value": 11.3,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "MPa/m2",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "AlSiC-9",
        "temperature": "not stated on the slide",
        "printed": "11.3",
        "note": "name is not in the canonical list; see gaps"
      },
      "method": "Value printed in a manufacturer product slide",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "cps-alsic-2025",
      "where": "Select Material Properties table, Fracture Toughness (MPa/m2) row, AlSiC-9 column",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "CPS AlSiC Composites, 2025 product slide (Select Material Properties)",
        "url": "https://cpstechnologysolutions.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/CPS-Alsic-2025-Final.pdf",
        "year": 2025,
        "kind": "datasheet"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "elongation",
      "label": "Percent elongation at rupture, AlSiC-9 (CPS 2025)",
      "value": 0.295,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "%",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "AlSiC-9",
        "temperature": "not stated on the slide",
        "printed": "0.295",
        "unit_in_source": "row name Percent Elongation at Rupture, no unit printed beyond the name"
      },
      "method": "Value printed in a manufacturer product slide",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "cps-alsic-2025",
      "where": "Select Material Properties table, Percent Elongation at Rupture row, AlSiC-9 column",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "CPS AlSiC Composites, 2025 product slide (Select Material Properties)",
        "url": "https://cpstechnologysolutions.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/CPS-Alsic-2025-Final.pdf",
        "year": 2025,
        "kind": "datasheet"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "electrical_resistivity",
      "label": "Electrical resistance, AlSiC-9, printed in microohm-cm (CPS 2025)",
      "value": 20.7,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "µOhm-cm",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "AlSiC-9",
        "temperature": "not stated on the slide",
        "printed": "20.7",
        "note": "printed as Electrical Resistance; see gaps"
      },
      "method": "Value printed in a manufacturer product slide",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "cps-alsic-2025",
      "where": "Select Material Properties table, Electrical Resistance (µOhm-cm) row, AlSiC-9 column",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "CPS AlSiC Composites, 2025 product slide (Select Material Properties)",
        "url": "https://cpstechnologysolutions.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/CPS-Alsic-2025-Final.pdf",
        "year": 2025,
        "kind": "datasheet"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "electrical_resistivity",
      "label": "Electrical resistance, AlSiC-12, printed in microohm-cm (CPS 2025)",
      "value": 20.7,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "µOhm-cm",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "AlSiC-12",
        "temperature": "not stated on the slide",
        "printed": "20.7",
        "note": "printed as Electrical Resistance; see gaps"
      },
      "method": "Value printed in a manufacturer product slide",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "cps-alsic-2025",
      "where": "Select Material Properties table, Electrical Resistance (µOhm-cm) row, AlSiC-12 column",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "CPS AlSiC Composites, 2025 product slide (Select Material Properties)",
        "url": "https://cpstechnologysolutions.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/CPS-Alsic-2025-Final.pdf",
        "year": 2025,
        "kind": "datasheet"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "density",
      "label": "Density, Al75/SiC25 (Ferrotec)",
      "value": 2.8,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "g/cm3",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "composition": "Al 75 vol%, SiC 25 vol%",
        "temperature": "not stated on the page",
        "printed": "2.8"
      },
      "method": "Value printed on a manufacturer product web page",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "ferrotec-alsic",
      "where": "Al / SiC Material Properties table, Density (g/cm3) row, Al75 / SiC25 column",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Al-SiC Metal Matrix Composite Ceramic Material (Ferrotec Advanced Ceramics)",
        "url": "https://ceramics.ferrotec.com/materials/metal-matrix/al-sic/",
        "kind": "web"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "density",
      "label": "Density, Al70/SiC30 (Ferrotec)",
      "value": 2.8,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "g/cm3",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "composition": "Al 70 vol%, SiC 30 vol%",
        "temperature": "not stated on the page",
        "printed": "2.8"
      },
      "method": "Value printed on a manufacturer product web page",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "ferrotec-alsic",
      "where": "Al / SiC Material Properties table, Density (g/cm3) row, Al70 / SiC30 column",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Al-SiC Metal Matrix Composite Ceramic Material (Ferrotec Advanced Ceramics)",
        "url": "https://ceramics.ferrotec.com/materials/metal-matrix/al-sic/",
        "kind": "web"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "density",
      "label": "Density, Al60/SiC40 (Ferrotec)",
      "value": 2.9,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "g/cm3",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "composition": "Al 60 vol%, SiC 40 vol%",
        "temperature": "not stated on the page",
        "printed": "2.9"
      },
      "method": "Value printed on a manufacturer product web page",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "ferrotec-alsic",
      "where": "Al / SiC Material Properties table, Density (g/cm3) row, Al60 / SiC40 column",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Al-SiC Metal Matrix Composite Ceramic Material (Ferrotec Advanced Ceramics)",
        "url": "https://ceramics.ferrotec.com/materials/metal-matrix/al-sic/",
        "kind": "web"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "cte",
      "label": "Coefficient of thermal expansion, Al75/SiC25 (Ferrotec)",
      "value": 15,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "ppm/°C",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "composition": "Al 75 vol%, SiC 25 vol%",
        "temperature": "not stated on the page",
        "printed": "15",
        "unit_in_source": "1/°C×10-6"
      },
      "method": "Value printed on a manufacturer product web page",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "ferrotec-alsic",
      "where": "Al / SiC Material Properties table, Coefficient of thermal expansion row, Al75 / SiC25 column",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Al-SiC Metal Matrix Composite Ceramic Material (Ferrotec Advanced Ceramics)",
        "url": "https://ceramics.ferrotec.com/materials/metal-matrix/al-sic/",
        "kind": "web"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "cte",
      "label": "Coefficient of thermal expansion, Al60/SiC40 (Ferrotec)",
      "value": 13,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "ppm/°C",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "composition": "Al 60 vol%, SiC 40 vol%",
        "temperature": "not stated on the page",
        "printed": "13",
        "unit_in_source": "1/°C×10-6"
      },
      "method": "Value printed on a manufacturer product web page",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "ferrotec-alsic",
      "where": "Al / SiC Material Properties table, Coefficient of thermal expansion row, Al60 / SiC40 column",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "Al-SiC Metal Matrix Composite Ceramic Material (Ferrotec Advanced Ceramics)",
        "url": "https://ceramics.ferrotec.com/materials/metal-matrix/al-sic/",
        "kind": "web"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "density",
      "label": "Density, AlSiC-10 at 25 °C (Wikipedia)",
      "value": 2.96,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "g/cm3",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "AlSiC-10",
        "composition": "45 vol% A 356.2 aluminium alloy, 55 vol% SiC",
        "temperature": "25 °C",
        "printed": "2.96"
      },
      "method": "Value printed in a Wikipedia article that cites manufacturer data",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "wikipedia-alsic",
      "where": "Grades list, AlSiC-10 entry",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "AlSiC",
        "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AlSiC",
        "kind": "web",
        "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0 (cited, not reproduced)"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "thermal_conductivity",
      "label": "Thermal conductivity, AlSiC-10 (Wikipedia)",
      "value": 190,
      "value_high": 200,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "W/m K",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "AlSiC-10",
        "temperature": "not stated on the page",
        "printed": "190-200"
      },
      "method": "Range printed in a Wikipedia article that cites manufacturer data",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "wikipedia-alsic",
      "where": "Grades list, AlSiC-10 entry",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "AlSiC",
        "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AlSiC",
        "kind": "web",
        "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0 (cited, not reproduced)"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "thermal_conductivity",
      "label": "Thermal conductivity, AlSiC-9 (Wikipedia)",
      "value": 190,
      "value_high": 200,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "W/m K",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "AlSiC-9",
        "temperature": "not stated on the page",
        "printed": "190-200"
      },
      "method": "Range printed in a Wikipedia article that cites manufacturer data",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "wikipedia-alsic",
      "where": "Grades list, AlSiC-9 entry",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "AlSiC",
        "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AlSiC",
        "kind": "web",
        "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0 (cited, not reproduced)"
      }
    },
    {
      "benchmark": "thermal_conductivity",
      "label": "Thermal conductivity, AlSiC-12 (Wikipedia)",
      "value": 170,
      "value_high": 180,
      "bound": "exact",
      "unit": "W/m K",
      "scope": "material",
      "conditions": {
        "grade": "AlSiC-12",
        "temperature": "not stated on the page",
        "printed": "170-180"
      },
      "method": "Range printed in a Wikipedia article that cites manufacturer data",
      "status": "ground",
      "source": "wikipedia-alsic",
      "where": "Grades list, AlSiC-12 entry",
      "source_detail": {
        "title": "AlSiC",
        "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AlSiC",
        "kind": "web",
        "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0 (cited, not reproduced)"
      }
    }
  ],
  "corrosion": [],
  "risks": {
    "hazards": [
      {
        "text": "PubChem reports for silicon carbide (CID 9863) list H350i, May cause cancer by inhalation, with signal word Danger. The ECHA C&L aggregation says 740 of 1053 company reports did not meet GHS hazard criteria, and the record notes that classification varies with impurities, additives and form.",
        "ghs": [
          "H350i"
        ],
        "source": "pubchem-sic",
        "where": "GHS Classification section, aggregated ECHA C&L notifications"
      },
      {
        "text": "PubChem quotes IARC Vol. 111: occupational exposures in the Acheson process are Group 1, fibrous silicon carbide is Group 2B, and silicon carbide whiskers are Group 2A. PubChem also quotes ACGIH: silicon carbide fibres should be controlled like asbestos fibres, while nonfibrous particles have low to very low toxic effects on lung tissue.",
        "ghs": [],
        "source": "pubchem-sic",
        "where": "Hazards Summary section, quoting IARC Vol. 111 and ACGIH"
      },
      {
        "text": "PubChem quotes the NIOSH Pocket Guide for silicon carbide: exposure by inhalation, ingestion, skin or eye contact, with symptoms of irritation of the eyes, skin and upper respiratory system, and cough.",
        "ghs": [],
        "source": "pubchem-sic",
        "where": "Health Hazards section, NIOSH Pocket Guide excerpt"
      }
    ],
    "failure_risks": [
      {
        "mode": "Brittle fracture under high load",
        "trigger": "Stress approaching the four-point bend strength of 488 MPa for AlSiC-9",
        "consequence": "The 2025 CPS slide prints a fracture toughness of 11.3 MPa/m2 and a percent elongation at rupture of 0.295 for AlSiC-9. The slide gives no further failure data.",
        "severity": "moderate",
        "source": "cps-alsic-2025",
        "where": "Select Material Properties table, Fracture Toughness and Percent Elongation at Rupture rows"
      },
      {
        "mode": "Thermal expansion mismatch from the wrong grade",
        "trigger": "Attaching AlSiC to a chip or substrate whose expansion differs from the grade chosen",
        "consequence": "CPS prints 8.00 ppm/°C for AlSiC-9 and 10.90 ppm/°C for AlSiC-12 at 30-100 °C, so the grade sets the match. The sources read give no stress or fatigue data for a mismatched joint.",
        "severity": "moderate",
        "source": "cps-alsic-2025",
        "where": "Select Material Properties table, Thermal Expansion (CTE) row, 30-100°C line"
      }
    ],
    "side_effects": [
      {
        "text": "Silicon carbide dust from machining is the handling concern named in the sources; the CPS sheet itself names no side effect of the composite.",
        "affects": "Workers who cut, grind or drill AlSiC parts",
        "source": "pubchem-sic",
        "where": "Hazards Summary section, IARC Vol. 111 and ACGIH entries"
      }
    ],
    "handling": [
      {
        "text": "Name the grade on every drawing: AlSiC-9, AlSiC-10 and AlSiC-12 differ in thermal expansion, conductivity and density, per the CPS 2025 slide and Wikipedia.",
        "source": "cps-alsic-2025",
        "where": "Select Material Properties table"
      },
      {
        "text": "Control dust when cutting, grinding or drilling AlSiC. The IARC concern is fibrous silicon carbide, and PubChem quotes NIOSH for eye, skin and airway irritation from the silicon carbide dust.",
        "source": "pubchem-sic",
        "where": "Hazards Summary and Health Hazards sections"
      },
      {
        "text": "Surface finish: Wikipedia says AlSiC can be plated with nickel or nickel-gold, or coated with other metals by thermal spraying. The sources read give no plating or corrosion test data.",
        "source": "wikipedia-alsic",
        "where": "Manufacturing paragraph"
      },
      {
        "text": "Plating compatibility: CPS says its AlSiC pin fin coolers support standard solderable plating schemes and Copper Cold Gas Spray. That sheet gives no corrosion result for any plated finish.",
        "source": "cps-pinfin",
        "where": "Feature list, bullet on plating schemes"
      }
    ],
    "mitigations": []
  },
  "uses": [
    {
      "application": "electronics-and-chips",
      "device": "Power semiconductor base plates and flip-chip lids",
      "example": "The CPS 2025 slide lists IGBTs for Traction, HVDC Transmission, Flip Chip Lids, Microprocessors, Traction Invertors and Optical Benches as applications. Wikipedia says AlSiC is mainly used in microelectronics as a substrate for power semiconductor devices.",
      "source": "cps-alsic-2025",
      "where": "Applications box"
    },
    {
      "application": "thermal-control",
      "device": "Pin-fin and single-piece coolers for power electronics",
      "example": "The CPS 2025 slide shows a pin-fin cooler for power electronics and describes a single-piece AlSiC cooler with integrated channels, with no welding, brazing or gaskets.",
      "source": "cps-alsic-2025",
      "where": "Applications box and Single Piece Cooler section"
    },
    {
      "application": "electronics-and-chips",
      "device": "Hermetic packages for military, aerospace and communications systems",
      "example": "The CPS hermetic packaging datasheet lists military, aerospace and communications systems subject to shock and vibration, and says AlSiC is 40-60% lighter than CuMo and CuW.",
      "source": "cps-hp-datasheet",
      "where": "Advantages and Applications lists"
    },
    {
      "application": "rovers-and-surface-systems",
      "device": "Hermetic housing for an instrument power supply on the Perseverance rover",
      "example": "CPS states, in its company history (2020 entry), that it produced the AlSiC hermetic housing for the turret power supply of the SHERLOC instrument. This is a vendor statement.",
      "source": "cps-history",
      "where": "Our History page, 2020 entry"
    },
    {
      "application": "electronics-and-chips",
      "device": "Hermetic package for GPS satellite electronics",
      "example": "CPS's company history lists a 2009 entry, CPS introduces a new AlSiC Hermetic Package GPS Satellite, and says AlSiC is also in the International Space Station and in the most recent generation of GPS satellites. These are vendor statements.",
      "source": "cps-history",
      "where": "Our History page, 2009 entry and the sentence on the International Space Station"
    }
  ],
  "supply": [
    {
      "subject": "Primary aluminium, the matrix metal",
      "producers": [],
      "critical_lists": [],
      "recycling": "USGS 2026: aluminum recovered from purchased scrap in the United States was about 3.6 million tons in 2025, of which about 56% came from new scrap and 44% from old scrap.",
      "substitutes": [],
      "source": "usgs-mcs2026-aluminum",
      "where": "Salient Statistics table, World Smelter Production table, Import Sources and Recycling paragraphs"
    },
    {
      "subject": "AlSiC composites (manufacturers named in the sources)",
      "producers": [],
      "critical_lists": [],
      "recycling": "",
      "substitutes": [],
      "source": "cps-alsic-2025",
      "where": "Closing contact block of the 2025 slide"
    }
  ],
  "media": [],
  "documents": [
    {
      "title": "Wikipedia: AlSiC",
      "type": "database",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AlSiC"
    },
    {
      "title": "Al-SiC Metal Matrix Composite Ceramic Material (Ferrotec Advanced Ceramics)",
      "type": "datasheet",
      "url": "https://ceramics.ferrotec.com/materials/metal-matrix/al-sic/"
    },
    {
      "title": "CPS AlSiC Composites, 2025 product slide",
      "type": "datasheet",
      "url": "https://cpstechnologysolutions.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/CPS-Alsic-2025-Final.pdf",
      "year": 2025
    },
    {
      "title": "CPS AlSiC Hermetic Packaging datasheet",
      "type": "datasheet",
      "url": "https://cpstechnologysolutions.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/AlSiC-HP-Data-Sheet.pdf"
    },
    {
      "title": "Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026: Aluminum (U.S. Geological Survey)",
      "type": "report",
      "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-aluminum.pdf",
      "year": 2026
    },
    {
      "title": "PubChem: Silicon carbide, CID 9863",
      "type": "database",
      "url": "https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Silicon-carbide"
    },
    {
      "title": "AlSiC Pin Fin Coolers, CPS Technologies product sheet",
      "type": "datasheet",
      "url": "https://cpstechnologysolutions.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/CPS-Automotive_PinFins-Reformatted.pdf"
    }
  ],
  "gaps": [
    "Corrosion or ageing of AlSiC in air, humidity or salt was not found in the sources read. Wikipedia names nickel and nickel-gold plating, with no test data, and the galvanic points from search results were not opened as sources.",
    "Silicon carbide supply and production shares were not found. The USGS aluminium report was read, but no silicon carbide report was opened.",
    "The USGS 2026 aluminum text read does not show a critical-minerals listing, so critical_lists is empty for aluminium.",
    "Fracture toughness is not in the canonical property list, so it is stored as fracture_toughness with the unit printed by CPS (MPa/m2).",
    "CPS prints Electrical Resistance in µOhm-cm for AlSiC. It is stored as electrical_resistivity with that printed unit, and the quantity name may differ from the test method.",
    "CPS prints hermeticity as <10-9 atm-cm3/s He. It is not stored, because the canonical list has no helium leak-rate property.",
    "Temperatures and test conditions are not printed on the Ferrotec page for its volume-fraction table (density, CTE, thermal conductivity, Young's modulus). Wikipedia gives its thermal conductivity without a temperature.",
    "No orbit or radiation environment is set for AlSiC, because the sources name the International Space Station and GPS satellites without stating an orbit for the parts.",
    "Space flight use is a vendor statement from the CPS company history. No NASA or ESA material-selection document was found in this run.",
    "No peer-reviewed or open-access AlSiC property paper was opened. A squeeze-cast SiCp/Al study and a Rogers HEATWAVE AlSiC-8 datasheet were seen only in search snippets, and their values are not recorded.",
    "The density of silicon carbide itself is not stored, because no fetched page printed it.",
    "No machining or dust-control guidance from a supplier was found. The handling points come from the IARC, ACGIH and NIOSH text quoted by PubChem.",
    "Ferrotec prints its CTE unit as 1/°C×10-6. It is stored as ppm/°C with the printed unit kept in conditions."
  ],
  "story": {
    "why": "AlSiC is used where a part must match the thermal expansion of a chip and still carry heat away while staying light. CPS Technologies prints a thermal conductivity of 190 W/mK typical at 25 °C for AlSiC-9, with a minimum of 180 W/mK, and a coefficient of thermal expansion of 8.00 ppm/°C from 30 to 100 °C. Wikipedia says the thermal expansion can be tuned to match silicon, gallium arsenide and several ceramics, and that AlSiC is mainly used in microelectronics as a substrate for power semiconductors.",
    "uses": [],
    "can_do": [
      {
        "label": "Carry heat",
        "line": "CPS Technologies prints 190 W/mK typical and 180 W/mK minimum at 25 °C for AlSiC-9, and 180 W/mK typical and 170 W/mK minimum for AlSiC-12. Wikipedia gives 190-200 W/m K for AlSiC-9 and AlSiC-10, and 170-180 W/m K for AlSiC-12, without a temperature.",
        "benchmark": "thermal_conductivity",
        "scope": "material",
        "value": "190 W/mK typical, AlSiC-9, 25 °C"
      },
      {
        "label": "Match a chip's expansion",
        "line": "CPS prints 8.00 ppm/°C from 30 to 100 °C and 8.75 ppm/°C from 30 to 200 °C for AlSiC-9. The same slide prints 10.90 ppm/°C and 11.70 ppm/°C for AlSiC-12 over the same ranges.",
        "benchmark": "cte",
        "scope": "material",
        "value": "8.00 ppm/°C, AlSiC-9, 30-100 °C"
      },
      {
        "label": "Stay light",
        "line": "CPS prints 3.01 g/cm3 for AlSiC-9 and 2.89 g/cm3 for AlSiC-12. CPS's hermetic packaging datasheet says AlSiC is 40-60% lighter than CuMo and CuW.",
        "benchmark": "density",
        "scope": "material",
        "value": "2.89 to 3.01 g/cm3"
      },
      {
        "label": "Form complex parts",
        "line": "Ferrotec lists near net shape processing as a benefit, and CPS says net-shape manufacturing removes costly machining. The sources do not give a tolerance.",
        "scope": "material",
        "value": "Near net shape"
      }
    ],
    "compare": "CuMo and CuW are the heat-spreader alternatives AlSiC replaces. CPS's hermetic packaging datasheet says AlSiC is 40-60% lighter than CuMo and CuW and lower in cost. Wikipedia says AlSiC weighs about one-third as much as copper. Inside the family, the Ferrotec table shows the trade-off: going from Al75/SiC25 to Al60/SiC40 lowers the printed coefficient of thermal expansion from 15 to 13 (1/°C×10-6) and raises the printed density from 2.8 to 2.9 g/cm3. The sources give no like-for-like figure against a bare aluminium alloy, so none is stated here.",
    "compare_rows": [
      {
        "label": "Density",
        "benchmark": "density",
        "scope": "material"
      },
      {
        "label": "Thermal conductivity",
        "benchmark": "thermal_conductivity",
        "scope": "material"
      },
      {
        "label": "Thermal expansion",
        "benchmark": "cte",
        "scope": "material"
      }
    ],
    "handling": [
      "Name the grade on every drawing: AlSiC-9, AlSiC-10 and AlSiC-12 differ in thermal expansion, conductivity and density.",
      "Control silicon carbide dust when cutting, grinding or drilling. The IARC concern is fibrous silicon carbide, and PubChem quotes NIOSH for eye, skin and airway irritation.",
      "Plating is possible. Wikipedia says nickel or nickel-gold plating and thermal spray coatings are used, but the sources read give no corrosion data for those finishes."
    ],
    "good_for": [
      "Matching a chip's expansion while removing heat: AlSiC-9 has 8.00 ppm/°C from 30 to 100 °C and 190 W/mK typical at 25 °C (CPS 2025).",
      "Light heat spreaders and coolers: 3.01 g/cm3 for AlSiC-9, and a single-piece cooler with integrated channels (CPS 2025).",
      "Hermetic housings: CPS says its hermetic packages use a two-step sealing process (CPS hermetic packaging datasheet)."
    ],
    "watch_out": [
      "Brittle at the limit: AlSiC-9 prints 11.3 MPa/m2 fracture toughness and 0.295 percent elongation at rupture (CPS 2025).",
      "Grade choice changes the match: AlSiC-9 is 8.75 ppm/°C and AlSiC-12 is 11.70 ppm/°C at 30-200 °C (CPS 2025).",
      "Silicon carbide dust: PubChem lists H350i for silicon carbide, and quotes IARC Vol. 111 for fibrous silicon carbide (Group 2B) and whiskers (Group 2A).",
      "Coating data are thin: Wikipedia says nickel or nickel-gold plating is possible, but the sources read give no corrosion or galvanic test data."
    ],
    "verdict": "AlSiC is a light, low-expansion metal-matrix composite for power electronics and hermetic packages. The CPS 2025 slide gives the grade-level values, with 190 W/mK typical and 8.00 ppm/°C for AlSiC-9. The space uses are vendor statements from CPS's company history, and no NASA or ESA material-selection document was found in this run. Corrosion data, silicon carbide supply and fracture data for the other grades are gaps.",
    "recipe": {
      "line": "AlSiC is a metal-matrix composite, not a single alloy. CPS Technologies describes a two-step process: quickset injection moulding makes a porous ceramic preform that matches the final part geometry, then pressurised melt infiltration fills the preform porosity with aluminium, giving a fully dense part with the same shape (CPS 2025 slide). Wikipedia describes the same route as injection moulding of a silicon carbide binder slurry, firing to remove the binder, then infiltration under pressure with molten aluminium.",
      "parts": [
        {
          "name": "Aluminium alloy 356 (matrix)",
          "symbol": "Al",
          "role": "Metal matrix that is infiltrated into the SiC preform. Wikipedia says the aluminium matrix has many dislocations, which give the material its strength."
        },
        {
          "name": "Silicon carbide (reinforcement)",
          "symbol": "SiC",
          "role": "Particle reinforcement that sets the thermal expansion."
        }
      ]
    },
    "risk_groups": [
      {
        "title": "For people",
        "lead": "The silicon carbide hazard depends on the form of the dust, and the sources differ on how serious it is.",
        "points": [
          {
            "label": "Silicon carbide as a substance",
            "line": "PubChem reports H350i, May cause cancer by inhalation, with signal word Danger. The ECHA aggregation says 740 of 1053 company reports did not meet GHS hazard criteria."
          },
          {
            "label": "Fibre versus particle",
            "line": "IARC Vol. 111 lists fibrous silicon carbide as Group 2B and whiskers as Group 2A, while ACGIH says nonfibrous particles have low to very low toxic effects on lung tissue."
          },
          {
            "label": "Irritation",
            "line": "The NIOSH Pocket Guide excerpt in PubChem lists irritation of the eyes, skin and upper respiratory system, and cough."
          }
        ],
        "level": 1,
        "verdict": "Mixed notifications"
      }
    ]
  },
  "updated": "2026-11-01",
  "review": {
    "status": "draft",
    "method": "assistant",
    "checked_values": 33,
    "unreachable": 0,
    "caveats": 5,
    "note": "Draft profile written to the brief's depth. Corrosion and silicon carbide supply are open gaps, and the CPS electrical resistance and fracture toughness names are not canonical. Caveats: Values were read by an AI assistant on 2026-11-01 from the pages and PDFs named in each entry (CPS slides and datasheet extracted from the PDF text; USGS aluminum text extracted from the PDF). Grade values from CPS and Ferrotec are manufacturer figures, and the grade-to-column mapping was read from the printed table. The Ferrotec and Wikipedia figures give no test temperature for most values, and are kept as printed. Space use is a vendor statement from CPS's company history; no NASA or ESA document was read. No corrosion, supply of silicon carbide, or peer-reviewed property paper was recorded."
  },
  "sources": {
    "wikipedia-alsic": {
      "title": "AlSiC",
      "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AlSiC",
      "kind": "web",
      "license": "CC BY-SA 4.0 (cited, not reproduced)"
    },
    "ferrotec-alsic": {
      "title": "Al-SiC Metal Matrix Composite Ceramic Material (Ferrotec Advanced Ceramics)",
      "url": "https://ceramics.ferrotec.com/materials/metal-matrix/al-sic/",
      "kind": "web"
    },
    "cps-alsic-2025": {
      "title": "CPS AlSiC Composites, 2025 product slide (Select Material Properties)",
      "url": "https://cpstechnologysolutions.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/09/CPS-Alsic-2025-Final.pdf",
      "year": 2025,
      "kind": "datasheet"
    },
    "cps-hp-datasheet": {
      "title": "AlSiC Hermetic Packaging datasheet, CPS Technologies",
      "url": "https://cpstechnologysolutions.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/AlSiC-HP-Data-Sheet.pdf",
      "kind": "datasheet"
    },
    "cps-history": {
      "title": "Our History, CPS Technologies (company web page)",
      "url": "https://cpstechnologysolutions.com/our-history/",
      "kind": "web"
    },
    "cps-pinfin": {
      "title": "AlSiC Pin Fin Coolers, CPS Technologies product sheet",
      "url": "https://cpstechnologysolutions.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/CPS-Automotive_PinFins-Reformatted.pdf",
      "kind": "datasheet"
    },
    "usgs-mcs2026-aluminum": {
      "title": "Mineral Commodity Summaries 2026: Aluminum",
      "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2026/mcs2026-aluminum.pdf",
      "year": 2026,
      "kind": "report"
    },
    "pubchem-sic": {
      "title": "PubChem, Silicon carbide, CID 9863",
      "url": "https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Silicon-carbide",
      "kind": "database"
    }
  },
  "license": "CC-BY-4.0",
  "url": "https://spacemushroom.com/profiles/alsic/"
}